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    Maria Rita D. Lucas

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    Jirlyn Asoy-Nano Gumilid
    Lawrence Kohlberg was born in 1927 in New York and received his bachelor's degree from the University of Chicago in just one year due to his high exam scores. He received his PhD in psychology from the University of Chicago in 1958. Kohlberg built upon Piaget's work on cognitive development and studied the development of moral reasoning, identifying six stages grouped into three levels - preconventional, conventional, and postconventional - moving from reasoning based on consequences to reasoning based on social norms to reasoning based on principles.

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    Maria Rita D. Lucas

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    Jirlyn Asoy-Nano Gumilid
    182 views17 pages
    Lawrence Kohlberg was born in 1927 in New York and received his bachelor's degree from the University of Chicago in just one year due to his high exam scores. He received his PhD in psychology from the University of Chicago in 1958. Kohlberg built upon Piaget's work on cognitive development and studied the development of moral reasoning, identifying six stages grouped into three levels - preconventional, conventional, and postconventional - moving from reasoning based on consequences to reasoning based on social norms to reasoning based on principles.

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    Lawrence Kohlberg was born in 1927 in New York and received his bachelor's degree from the University of Chicago in just one year due to his high exam scores. He received his PhD in psychology from the University of Chicago in 1958. Kohlberg built upon Piaget's work on cognitive development and studied the development of moral reasoning, identifying six stages grouped into three levels - preconventional, conventional, and postconventional - moving from reasoning based on consequences to reasoning based on social norms to reasoning based on principles.

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    182 views17 pages

    Maria Rita D. Lucas

    Uploaded by

    Jirlyn Asoy-Nano Gumilid
    Lawrence Kohlberg was born in 1927 in New York and received his bachelor's degree from the University of Chicago in just one year due to his high exam scores. He received his PhD in psychology from the University of Chicago in 1958. Kohlberg built upon Piaget's work on cognitive development and studied the development of moral reasoning, identifying six stages grouped into three levels - preconventional, conventional, and postconventional - moving from reasoning based on consequences to reasoning based on social norms to reasoning based on principles.

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    of 17

    MARIA RITA D.

    LUCAS
    BIOGRAPHY
    Lawrence Kohlberg was born in Bronxville, New York
    on October 25, 1927. Kohlberg enrolled in the
    University of Chicago, and with high examination
    scores, he was excused from many required courses
    and received his bachelor’s degree in just one year.
    He received his PhD in psychology from the
    University of Chicago in 1958.
    INTRODUCTION
    INDIVIDUALS, WHEN CONFRONTED BY SITUATIONS WHERE
    THEY NEED TO MAKE MORAL DECISION EXERCISE THEIR
    OWN ABILITY TO USE MORAL REASONING. LAURENCE
    KOHLBERG WAS INTERESTED IN STUDYING THE
    DEVELOPMENT OF MORAL REASONING. HE BASED HIS
    THEORY ON THE FINDINGS OF PIAGET IN STUDYING
    COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT.
    ABSTRACTION/ GENERALIZATION
    LAWRENCE KOHLBERG ADOPTED AND BUILT ON PIAGETS
    WORK, AND SET THE GROUNDWORK FOR THE PRESENT
    DEBATE
    WITHIN PSYCHOLOGY ON MORAL DEVELOPMENT. LIKE
    PIAGETS , HE DELIVERED THAT CHILDREN FROM WAYS OF
    THINKING THROUGH THEIR EXPERIENCES WHICH INCLUDE
    UNDERSTANDING OF MORAL CONCEPTS SUCH AS JUSTICE,
    RIGHTS EQUALITY AND HUMAN WELFARE.
    • Kohlberg followed the development of moral
    judgement and extended the ages covered by
    Piagets, and found out that the process of attaining
    moral maturity longer and occurred slower than
    Piaget had thought.
    • If Piagets designed specific tasks ( Piagetian tasks) to learn
    about cognitive development of children. Kohlberg utilized
    moral dilemmas (Kohlberg dilemmas). Like Piagets, He
    presented these dilemmas to the individuals in his research
    and ask for their responses.
    • He did not aim to judge whether the
    responses were right or wrong. He was
    interested in analyzing the moral
    reasoning behind the responses.
    • From his research , Kohlberg identified six stages of
    moral reasoning grouped into three major levels.
    Represent a significant change in the social – moral
    reasoning or perspective of person.
    PRECONVENTIONAL LEVEL

    Moral reasoning is based on the consequence


    /result of act, not on the whether the act itself
    is good or bad.
    DESCRIPTION
    STAGE 1:
    • PUNISHMENT/OBEDIENCE. One is motivated
    by fear of punishment. He will act in order to
    avoid punishment.
    • STAGE 2:
    • MUTUAL BENEFIT. One is motivated to act by
    the benefit that one may obtain later. You
    scratch my back I scratch yours.
    CONVENTIONAL LEVEL

    • Moral reasoning is based on the convention or


    norms of society. This may include approval of
    others law and order.
    DESCRIPTION
    STAGE 3:
    SOCIAL APPROVAL. One is motivated by what others
    expect in behavior good boy, good girl. The person
    acts because he /she values how he /she will appear
    to others. He/she gives importance on what people
    will think or say.
    DESCRIPTION
    STAGE 4:
    • LAW AND ORDER. One is motivated to act in order
    to uphold law and order. The person will follow the
    law because it is the law.
    POST CONVENTIONAL

    • Moral reasoning is based on enduring or consistent


    principles. It is not just recognizing the law, but the
    principles behind the law.
    • STAGE 5:
    • SOCIAL CONTRACT. Laws that are wrong can be
    changed. One will act based on social justice and the
    common good.
    • STAGE 6:
    • Universal Principles. This is associated with the
    development of one’s conscience. Having a set of
    standards that drives one to possess moral
    responsibility to make societal changes regardless
    of consequences to oneself. Example of persons
    are Mother Theresa, Martin Luther King Jr.
    •The end

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