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    Introduction To Microcontrollers: Dr. Konstantinos Tatas

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    Sadam Memon
    This document provides an introduction to microcontrollers. It discusses the key components of microprocessors and microcontrollers, including the CPU, I/O, bus, memory, timers and interrupts. The main differences between microprocessors and microcontrollers are that microcontrollers have these components integrated onto a single chip, have fixed and limited memory and I/O, are designed for control applications requiring low cost, power and space, and have instruction sets focused on control and bit-level operations. Popular microcontrollers include the 8051, PIC and AVR families. Review questions ask about the differences in architecture, applications and instruction sets between microprocessors and microcontrollers. Examples calculate efficiency in terms of MIPS, MIPS/mW and M

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    Introduction To Microcontrollers: Dr. Konstantinos Tatas

    Uploaded by

    Sadam Memon
    158 views9 pages
    This document provides an introduction to microcontrollers. It discusses the key components of microprocessors and microcontrollers, including the CPU, I/O, bus, memory, timers and interrupts. The main differences between microprocessors and microcontrollers are that microcontrollers have these components integrated onto a single chip, have fixed and limited memory and I/O, are designed for control applications requiring low cost, power and space, and have instruction sets focused on control and bit-level operations. Popular microcontrollers include the 8051, PIC and AVR families. Review questions ask about the differences in architecture, applications and instruction sets between microprocessors and microcontrollers. Examples calculate efficiency in terms of MIPS, MIPS/mW and M

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    Lecture1.ppt

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    This document provides an introduction to microcontrollers. It discusses the key components of microprocessors and microcontrollers, including the CPU, I/O, bus, memory, timers and interrupts. The main differences between microprocessors and microcontrollers are that microcontrollers have these components integrated onto a single chip, have fixed and limited memory and I/O, are designed for control applications requiring low cost, power and space, and have instruction sets focused on control and bit-level operations. Popular microcontrollers include the 8051, PIC and AVR families. Review questions ask about the differences in architecture, applications and instruction sets between microprocessors and microcontrollers. Examples calculate efficiency in terms of MIPS, MIPS/mW and M

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    158 views9 pages

    Introduction To Microcontrollers: Dr. Konstantinos Tatas

    Uploaded by

    Sadam Memon
    This document provides an introduction to microcontrollers. It discusses the key components of microprocessors and microcontrollers, including the CPU, I/O, bus, memory, timers and interrupts. The main differences between microprocessors and microcontrollers are that microcontrollers have these components integrated onto a single chip, have fixed and limited memory and I/O, are designed for control applications requiring low cost, power and space, and have instruction sets focused on control and bit-level operations. Popular microcontrollers include the 8051, PIC and AVR families. Review questions ask about the differences in architecture, applications and instruction sets between microprocessors and microcontrollers. Examples calculate efficiency in terms of MIPS, MIPS/mW and M

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    Lecture 1

    Introduction to Microcontrollers

    Dr. Konstantinos Tatas

    ACOE343 - Real-Time Embedded Processor Systems - 1


    Frederick University
    Components of a
    microprocessor/controller
    • CPU: Central Processing Unit
    • I/O: Input /Output
    • Bus: Address bus & Data bus
    • Memory: RAM & ROM
    • Timer
    • Interrupt
    • Serial Port
    • Parallel Port
    ACOE343 - Real-Time Embedded Processor Systems - 2
    Frederick University
    General-purpose microprocessor:

    • CPU for Computers


    • Commonly no RAM, ROM, I/O on CPU chip itself

    Many chips on motherboard


    Data Bus
    CPU
    General-
    Serial
    Purpose RAM ROM I/O Timer COM
    Micro- Port
    Port
    processor
    Address Bus

    ACOE343 - Real-Time Embedded Processor Systems - 3


    Frederick University
    Microcontroller :

    • A single-chip computer
    • On-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports...
    • Example：Motorola’s 6811, Intel’s 8051, Zilog’s Z8 and PIC
    16X

    CPU RAM ROM


    A single chip
    Serial
    I/O Timer COM
    Port
    Port
    Microcontroller

    ACOE343 - Real-Time Embedded Processor Systems - 4


    Frederick University
    Microprocessor vs. Microcontroller
    Microprocessor Microcontroller
    • CPU is stand-alone, RAM, • CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O and timer
    ROM, I/O, timer are separate are all on a single chip
    • designer can decide on the • fixed amount of on-chip ROM,
    amount of ROM, RAM and RAM, I/O ports
    I/O ports.
    • for applications in which cost,
    • expensive power and space are critical
    • versatility
    • single-purpose (control-oriented)
    • general-purpose
    • Low processing power
    • High processing power
    • High power consumption • Low power consumption
    • Instruction sets focus on • Bit-level operations
    processing-intensive • Instruction sets focus on control
    operations and bit-level operations
    • Typically 32/64 – bit • Typically 8/16 bit
    • Typically deep pipeline (5-20 • Typically single-cycle/two-stage
    stages)
    pipeline
    ACOE343 - Real-Time Embedded Processor Systems - 5
    Frederick University
    Some Popular Microcontrollers…
    • 8051
    • Microchip Technology PIC
    • Atmel AVR
    • Texas Instruments MSP430 (16-bit)

    ACOE343 - Real-Time Embedded Processor Systems - 6


    Frederick University
    Review questions
    • What are the main differences between a
    microprocessor and a microcontroller in
    terms of
    – Architecture
    – Applications
    – Instruction set

    ACOE343 - Real-Time Embedded Processor Systems - 7


    Frederick University
    Example
    • A uP running at 600 MHz has an average
    CPI of 1.2 and a average power
    consumption of 400 mW, while a uC
    running at 12 MHz with a two cycle
    datapath has a power consumption of 24
    mW.
    – Calculate their respective MIPS
    – Which one is more efficient in MIPS/mW?

    ACOE343 - Real-Time Embedded Processor Systems - 8


    Frederick University
    Example 2
    • The previous uP costs 100$, while the
    respective uC costs 0.96 $
    – Which is more efficient in MIPS/$?

    ACOE343 - Real-Time Embedded Processor Systems - 9


    Frederick University

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