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    Sclera Diseases

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    UchyIntam
    This document discusses scleral diseases including episcleritis, scleritis, and scleral staphyloma. Episcleritis is an inflammation of the outer layer of the eye that causes localized redness and swelling. Scleritis is a more severe inflammation of the sclera that can be associated with autoimmune diseases. Scleral staphyloma is a bulging of the sclera caused by thinning that exposes the underlying uveal tissue. Treatment depends on the specific condition but may include anti-inflammatory medications and surgery in severe cases.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Sclera Diseases

    Uploaded by

    UchyIntam
    114 views23 pages
    This document discusses scleral diseases including episcleritis, scleritis, and scleral staphyloma. Episcleritis is an inflammation of the outer layer of the eye that causes localized redness and swelling. Scleritis is a more severe inflammation of the sclera that can be associated with autoimmune diseases. Scleral staphyloma is a bulging of the sclera caused by thinning that exposes the underlying uveal tissue. Treatment depends on the specific condition but may include anti-inflammatory medications and surgery in severe cases.

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    This document discusses scleral diseases including episcleritis, scleritis, and scleral staphyloma. Episcleritis is an inflammation of the outer layer of the eye that causes localized redness and swelling. Scleritis is a more severe inflammation of the sclera that can be associated with autoimmune diseases. Scleral staphyloma is a bulging of the sclera caused by thinning that exposes the underlying uveal tissue. Treatment depends on the specific condition but may include anti-inflammatory medications and surgery in severe cases.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    114 views23 pages

    Sclera Diseases

    Uploaded by

    UchyIntam
    This document discusses scleral diseases including episcleritis, scleritis, and scleral staphyloma. Episcleritis is an inflammation of the outer layer of the eye that causes localized redness and swelling. Scleritis is a more severe inflammation of the sclera that can be associated with autoimmune diseases. Scleral staphyloma is a bulging of the sclera caused by thinning that exposes the underlying uveal tissue. Treatment depends on the specific condition but may include anti-inflammatory medications and surgery in severe cases.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    Scleral Disease

    China Medical University NO.4


    Affiliated hospital Ophthalmology;
    Ophthalmology hospital of China
    Medical University
    Introduction

    character
    Outer wall of eye.
    Collagen fiber & elastic fiber
    Lack of cell and vessels
    Less capacity of self repairingstaphyloma

    Scleral Disease Commonly found in inflammation


    disease course deferment medication inevident
    Scleral Disease Classifications
    Episcleritis
    Scleritis
    Episcleritis
    Nodular episcleritis
    acute in onset
    symptoms:unilateral wine
    round or ellipse limited nodular
    uplift diameter 2 3mm
    redness edema
    irritation
    Vission not affected
    concurruent mild iritis
    the inflammation subsided in 2 to
    4 weeks easily recurrent
    Episcleritis

    Simple episcleritis
    periodicity
    redness and edema
    light irritation,Vission not
    affected
    concurruent lid edema
    disease course deferment
    often found in Women's
    menstrual period
    self-limited
    Episcleritis

    different diagnoses
    Episcleritis Conjunctivitis scleritis
    Congestion Localized Diffused,
    palpebral
    conjunctiva
    affected
    Congestion Not affect sclera Affect
    and edema sclera

    Nodules movable unmovabl


    e
    Adrenaline Disappear Disappear Not
    disappear
    Episcleritis

    Treatment
    Self-limiting
    Corticosteroids:
    Eyedrop
    ic
    NSAIDs: po
    Scleritis

    Inflammation of sclera
    Severe than episcleritis
    Young and mid-age adults
    Female>Male
    Autoimmune disease
    Complicated with general
    collagenous,
    granulomatous or metabolic
    diseases.
    Scleritis

    pathogeny
    Allergic reaction
    Auto immune connective tissue diseases
    Metabolic diseases
    Other infection spreaded inflammation spreads in
    the vicinity of the organization
    Scleritis
    anterior Scleritis:
    disease site anterior equator bilateral eyes
    current successively
    clinical manifestations pain, Vision
    decrease sclera focus
    course long recurrent deferment
    prognosis not good
    complications Uveitis Keratitis Secondary
    glaucoma e.g
    Scleritis

    Classification

    diffuse anterior scleritis

    nodular anterior scleritis

    necrotizing anterior scleritis


    diffuse anterior scleritis

    about 40
    prognosis preferably
    sclera diffuse redness
    bulbar conjunctiva
    edema
    diffuse anterior scleritis
    nodular anterior scleritis

    about 44
    Scleral lesions dark red
    inflammation Infiltrated
    nodular Uplift hard
    pain
    concurruent Episcleritis
    nodular anterior scleritis
    necrotizing anterior scleritis

    often Vision decrease about


    14
    pain Rapid development
    occlusive vasculitis sclera
    necrosis
    areas of avascularity; lark nodula
    perforated scleromalacia
    perforans
    often bilateral eyes
    concurruent Serious
    Autoimmune diseases
    necrotizing anterior scleritis
    Scleritis

    Posterior Scleritis:
    disease site Posterior equator about 2
    clinical manifestations pain eyelid and bulbar
    conjunctiva edema eyeball slightly Prominent
    extraocular involved Concurruent Uveitis
    Vitreous opacities e.g
    diagnoses Examinations such as B-US CT
    MRI,can show Posterior sclera thickening
    different diagnoses Orbital cellulitis the
    symptoms and exophthalmus are even Obvious
    Scleritis

    treatment
    Pathogeny treatment
    Symptomatic treatment coldly cover Artificial
    tears
    Anti-inflammatory treatment
    corticosteroids Immunosuppressant e.g
    Surgical treatment necrosic perforative Scleral site
    can be done with Allogeneic scleral graft
    Complications treatment glaucoma Iridocyclitis.
    Sclera staphyloma

    definition
    Because of thinning of the sclera sclera
    and deep uveal bulge and expand outward
    with the function of intraocular pressure,and
    revealed blue-black color of uveal color

    Classification
    anterior sclera staphyloma
    equatorial sclera staphyloma
    posterior sclera staphyloma
    treatment
    1. Decompression early

    2. If the eyes have been


    suffering from no light
    perception And pain
    eyes can be removed
    Abnormal scleral color
    Scleral pigment plaques brown or blue-
    gray spots currented at anterior sclera surface and
    entrance of Ciliary vessels Scleral melanosis
    syndrome
    Blue sclera It is caused by Uveal color
    under sclera because of thin sclera concurruent
    congenital anomalies
    Sclera yellow Stained Jaundice
    Brown macular:Brown-gray spots at
    sclera which current at Palpebral fissure area
    earliest
    It can be distributed in the sclera, cornea and
    conjunctiva No clinical significance

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