PIANC Seismic Design Guidelines of Port Structures
PIANC Seismic Design Guidelines of Port Structures
PIANC Seismic Design Guidelines of Port Structures
w
hH
w
7
8
H
H
w
w
h
1-k
v
k
h
P
ae
sat
H
s
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b
H
s
u
r
wet
ae
k
h
W
g
(1-k
v
)W
g
Non-Liquefaction
Liquefaction
5 10 15
0
5 10 15
-50
0
50
100
150
-500
-250
0
250
500
cm/s
2
threshold acceleration : a
t
Time (s)
A
c
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d
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Time (s)
150
relative displacement (cm)
relative velocity (cm/s)
0.01 0.1 1
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
i
z
e
d
s
l
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d
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p
l
a
c
e
m
e
n
t
(
c
m
)
1
10
100
1000
All CIT records
Seed Idriss M=8.25
San Fernando 1971
Other natural records
Rock site records
Richards and Elms (1979)
Whitman and Liao (1985)
Franklin and Chang
(1977)
0.5
a
t
/ a
max
On Firm Foundation
Loose Saturated Sandy Foundation
F
a
c
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L
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e
C
r
a
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R
a
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l
C
r
a
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R
a
i
l
Lateral
Displacement
3.5m
Inclination
4.1
+4.0m
-36.0m
Vertical Displacement 1.5m
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
Input Peak Acceleration (g)
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
R
e
s
i
d
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a
l
H
o
r
i
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n
t
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D
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T
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p
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f
C
a
i
s
s
o
n
W
a
l
l
(
m
)
Limiting Curve
CASE-4
CASE-3
CASE-1
CASE-2
Yield at Sheet Pile Wall
(above mudline)
Yield at Sheet Pile
(below mudline)
Yield at Tie-rod
Displacement of Anchor
(Extent of Damage Degree)
Yield at Anchor
sat
wet
sat
H
s
u
b
D
e
m
b
H
s
u
r
k
h
P
ae
T
ae
w
h
D
e
m
b
H
H
w
P
pe
P
dw
= k
h
w
hH
w
7
8
1-k
v
pe
Static Active
Earth Pressure
Force, (P
a
)
x
P
bottom
Dynamic Incremental
Active Earth
Pressure Force, (DP
ae
)
x
Tie Rod
Force, T
FES
Dynamic Passive
Earth Pressure
Force, (P
pe
)
x
P
top
x
Ppe
z
x
Pa
x
Dpae
=0.6(H+D
emb
)
P
top
= 1.6
(
DP
ae
H+D
emb
P
bottom
= 0.4
(
DP
ae
H+D
emb
1
2
4 3
5
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
5 6 7 8 10 12 14161820 30 40 50 60 7080 100 150 200
R
a
t
i
o
M
d
e
s
i
g
n
/
M
m
a
x
Value of in per running foot of wall
(H+D
emb
)
4
EI
=
r
in
2
lb
[
Penetration in medium compact
and compact coarse grained soils
Penetration in very
compact coarse
grained soils
Bending Moments (kNm)
-2000
30s
15s
0s
-10.2m
0.0m
-300 300 0 150 -150
Tie Rod
1000 0 -1000
5s
Bending Stresses (MPa)
Yield Point
35 40 45 50 55 60 65
Dr (%)
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
0.66
(N)
Elastic Limit
M
a
x
i
m
u
m
B
e
n
d
i
n
g
M
o
m
e
n
t
(
k
P
a
.
m
)
Firm Layer Firm Layer
Loose Subsoil Loose Subsoil
Firm Foundation Firm Foundation
Concrete Pavement
Rubbles
-4.0
+4.00
0.2
2.00
Apron 20.00
14.00
2.00 5.00 5.00
1/100
+3.80
H.W.L +2.00
L.W.L +0.00
Original Ground -4.50
-10.00
Steel Pile D=700mm
1
:
1
.
5
-11.0
-22.0 -22.0 -22.0
Filling Concrete
Pile 1 Pile 2 Pile 3
F (d)
d
Amax
A'
A
B
Y
F
y
F'
d
m
d' d
y
0
B'
d
Displacement
Elasto-plastic system
Linear system
Force
F
Collapse Limit
pile 3 : in-ground plastic hinge ()
pile 3 : plastic hinge at pile cap ()
pile 3 : yield fibre stress at pile cap ()
pile 2 : plastic hinge at pile cap ()
pile 1 : plastic hinge at pile cap ()
pile 2 : in-ground plastic hinge ()
d
1
d
3
d
2
d
Displacement at pile cap
L
a
t
e
r
a
l
L
o
a
d
F
1
F
F
3
F
2
pile 1 : in-ground
plastic hinge ()
y
F
1
d
1
Bending
Moment
M
y
Stress Distribution
in Cross Section
F
2
d
2
M
p
y
F
3
d
3
M
p
-M
p
y
yield fibre stress
at pile cap
plastic hinge
at pile cap
in-ground plastic
hinge
y
D
p
4
- D
p
'
4
)
32D
p
M
y
=
D
p
: Outer Diameter
D
p
' : Inner Diameter
y
D
p
3
- D
p
'
3
)
6
M
p
=
0.004m
1.20m
1.20m
0.10m
+0.0m
-7.5m
-25.0m
Elevation(m)
4
2
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
-12
-14
-16
-18
0
0 -2.5 2.5
S
e
a
w
a
r
d
P
i
l
e
C
e
n
t
e
r
P
i
l
e
L
a
n
d
w
a
r
d
P
i
l
e
Bending Moment (MNm/pile)
0 -2.5 2.5 0 -2.5 2.5
Elastic Limit
PIANC Seismic Design
Guidelines for Port Structures
PublishedSeptember, 2001, Balkema
Sponsor: Coastal Development
Institute of Technology, Japan
PIANC Seminars
Tokyo, December 10, 2001
London, October 30, 2002
Long Beach or Auckland