MODUL

3
MODU
LE E LA SALETTE OF RAMON, INCORPORATED I SENIOR HIGH
SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
TWO

Writing
and
nd
ORAL COMMUNICATION 2 QUARTER GRADE 11 SAINT
VINCENT DE PAUL
Deliverin
Buckle up!
ga
Speech
Specifically, after working on this module, you should be able to:

 use the principles of effective speech writing focusing on

a. audience profile
b. logical organization
c. duration
d. word choice
e. grammatical correctness
 use principles of effective speech delivery focusing on
a. articulation
b. modulation
c. stage presence
d. facial expressions, gestures, and movements
e. rapport with audience
 use principles of effective speech delivery in different situations; and
 exhibit appropriate verbal and nonverbal behaviour in a given speech context.

Throughout the years, eloquent speakers were able to achieve many great and significant
accomplishments by delivering speeches. In 452 A.D., for example, Pope St. Leo was able to
dissuade the Huns, a powerful invading army from Europe, from ravaging Italy because of his
eloquent speech before Attila, the Leader of the Huns. Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s speech entitled ,
“Declaration of Sentiments,” before the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 sparked a movement
demanding greater freedom and rights for women, a movement that eventually spread worldwide.
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was a fiery speaker who inspired African-American men in the United
States to press for their rights and freedom. His “I Have a Dream” speech is a classic example of
a powerful speech. President Manuel L. Quezon was a fiery speaker demanding independence
for the Philippines. His speech entitled, “Message to My People,” inspired Filipinos to serve their
country well. Senator Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. delivered famous speeches that aroused Filipinos to
fight against a powerful dictatorship. His most famous quote is “the Filipino is worth dying for.”
In addition to a speech’s content, its delivery can be a powerful instrument to persuade
people to follow the goals of a speaker.
FOCUS QUESTION: How do we use our skills in writing and our voice and body
movements to express our speech well before an audience?

WRITING A SPEECH
The process of speech writing is inherent and necessary in delivering a good speech. Setting
clear objectives in writing your speech will make you see the progress and success of your speech
before delivering it to an audience.

 What is your topic?

 What is the purpose of your speech?
 What message would you like to get across?
 Who is your target audience?

These are the questions you have to answer before writing your speech. They will give your
speech a sense of direction.

GUIDELINES IN WRITING A GOOD SPEECH

Prior to delivering your speech, you should examine components in preparing and writing it.
The following are guidelines on how to prepare and write a well-thought-of speech:

A. Purpose or Reason
Why will you give a talk? It is best to know the compelling reason for delivering a speech.
Do you like to share information? Do you want to persuade other people? Do you want to
solve a problem? Focus on your purpose and align all ideas to it.

B. Central Message
This is what your audience should be taking home with them after listening to you. Thus,
the message of your speech should be very clear. When your audience remembers this
central message, you have done your job well.

C. Audience
Before you begin writing your speech you should ask whom you will be speaking to and
what exactly they can learn from you. Preparing a speech for a group of student leaders for
instance, may be quite different from a speech for students seeking for summer jobs.
Considering perspectives of your audience or thinking deeply about their needs when
writing your speech is called empathic writing- the concern and sensitivity to the feelings of
others.

STRUCTURE /ORGANIZATION OF SPEECH

It is given that good writing should have a structure. Writing your speech with an introduction,
body, and conclusion will set the foundations for a successful delivery.

A. Introduction
The introduction .is considered the most important part in your speech because failure to
establish a good one will mean that you are going to lose your audience right away. It sets
the general mood, and it may dictate how the rest of the speech will go. Below are some
pointers on what to include in your introduction.

1. Salutation (greet your audience)

2. Attention Getter (a question, a brief recount of anecdote relevant to the topic, or a
quotation)
3. Give your thesis. Write a thesis sentence as clear as you can. This should reflect your
overall message.
4. Preview the points you are going to discuss. You can use the following starters in doing
so:

I will specifically talk about three things about ______________ (the topic). First…
(state your first point), second… (state your second point), and third… (state your
third point).
You should state your points in complete sentences.
 B. Body
The body of your speech contains the most part of your speech. It is important to sign
post your points or arguments clearly and support them with accurate and clear details.
Follow what you have previewed in the introduction. Do not add more points or do not stray
from your organized points or arguments because it may confuse your audience or the
other points you may add may overwhelm your audience.
The body of your speech may be outlined like the one below:

Point/argument #1
Supporting detail #1
Supporting detail #2
Supporting detail #3

Point/argument #2
Supporting detail #1
Supporting detail #2
Supporting detail #3

Point/argument #3
Supporting detail #1
Supporting detail #2
Supporting detail #3

C. Conclusion
Similar to your introduction, the conclusion of your speech may be equally important. In
case your audience will forget what you have discussed, this is the chance to remind
them your overall message and the most important points or arguments you have told
them. You should consider the conclusion of your speech as an opportunity to:

1. Synthesize or summarize your main points

2. Remind the importance of your speech
3. Leave your audience with positive memories or learning experiences
4. Close with a final thought or with a call to action if necessary

DELIVERING A SPEECH

Using Your Voice

Just like John F. Kennedy and other famous speech givers, you can use your voice to
accomplish many things. For example, you can raise your voice in order to emphasize a point or to
produce a strong emotion as when a speaker shows anger at what is perceived to be injustice or
wrong, especially when matched with a very low pitch. You can also soften your voice to show
intimacy or to solicit sympathy from your audience. A rising or shrill tone can be skillfully used to
express sarcasm. You can also change your voice to produce a comical effect if that is needed in
your speech delivery.
In order to use your voice effectively, you need to know in which part of your speech you will
use a specific form of your voice. Also, you must take care not to use the same form over and over
again. You must also know the cultural preferences of your audience. For example, an audience may
find it irritating to hear a woman speaking in a shrill tone or for a man to sound like a woman when
speaking. This skill is known as modulation. Modulation refers to how the speaker controls his or her
voice and the rhythm employed in uttering the words of the speech.
In addition to modulation, a speaker must practice proper articulation. This refers to properly
and appropriately pronouncing the words, phrases, and sentences in a given speech.

Stage Presence
 How you present yourself in front of your audience is an important part of delivering your
speech. This includes wearing the appropriate clothing for your message, audience, occasion, and
other contextual elements. In general, it is better to be overdressed than underdressed.

DEVELOPING RAPPORT WITH AN AUDIENCE

Developing rapport with an audience means establishing a relationship that does not interfere
with a speaker’s message. Developing rapport with an audience is governed by many factors
including the appearance and reputation of the speaker, the actions he or she makes before the
audience, and ultimately the content of the message itself.

Establishing Credibility
Credibility is very important in delivering a speech. Without it, no amount of effort or talent in
delivery can make the audience accept a speaker’s message. Credibility can be achieved in several
ways. One is when the speaker has such a good reputation that the audience automatically considers
the speaker to be very believable. Credibility can also be achieved when the one introducing the
speaker gives facts about the speaker that highlights his or her credentials. Lastly, a speaker can
establish credibility by talking about the effort he or she took in learning about the topic and by
showing the validity of his or her efforts in learning about it.

Affirming the Audience

Another important way of establishing rapport with an audience is to affirm them, that is,
acknowledging their importance and value. You can do this in several ways. One is to thank them for
coming, showing interest in your talk, or recognizing the effort they made in order to attend the event.

Showing Humility
A third way of establishing rapport with an audience is to show humility. Humility is valued
highly in many cultures. A speaker who has distinguished himself or herself in a particular field yet
remains humble will earn the admiration of not a few people. One way to show humility is to
recognize that you still have a lot to learn about the topic and that you are a learner along with the
audience. Another way to show humility is to recognize the contribution of others in your learning and
that you were able to get to where you are through the help of many others.
Establishing rapport is more of an art than a science. Establishing credibility, affirming the
audience and showing humility are useful tools in having a good relationship with an audience.

Name: Grade/Section:
VIEW/LISTEN
Go to https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=663otOvJVGU. President MANUEL LUIS QUEZON:
Message to the People of the Philippines| Circa 1920s. Listen to President Manuel L. Quezon’s
speech “Message to My People.” Listen to his eloquent voice which, along with his message, inspired
Filipinos to live and even die for our country. Then, make a reflection about the speech given by
President Quezon.

SPEAKING DRILL
Practice using your voice appropriately by reading aloud the speech excerpt below.

An excerpt from the privilege speech by Senator Teofisto Guingona, Jr. in February 22, 1990
entitled “No to Liberalization”
Because of import liberalization, we have opened the floodgates. Today we import almost
anything. We import sand and gravel. We import furniture. We import soap. We import sugar. We
import salt. We import butong pakwan- we even import bagoong and toyo! These items fall under
unclassified consumer goods or non-essentials. Because we imported them, we drained the nation’s
foreign exchange of one billion dollars in 1988, and 527 million dollars for the first six months of 1989
alone.
Import liberalization does incalculable damage to us. The importation of fish preparations ,like
bagoong competes with the produce of our domestic fishermen. The liberalization of tetrapacks and
flexo-packaging prejudices our own local processing. And the importation of household items like
lampshades discourages our own cottage industries. We import apples and divert demand from
mangoes and bananas. We import sugar and distort our own production. We buy corn from foreign
farmers when we can well expand production and buy from our own.

MODUL

4
MODU
LE E LA SALETTE OF RAMON, INC. I SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
DEPARTMENT
TWO
Informative
Types Persuasive
of Speech: Entertainment
ORAL COMMUNICATION 2nd QUARTER GRADE 11 SAINT
VINCENT DE PAUL

Buckle up!

Specifically, after working on this module, you should be able to:

 define informative, persuasive, and entertainment speech;

 identify the three types of speeches;
 use the principles of effective speech writing focusing on:
 audience profile
 logical organization
 duration
 word choice
 grammatical correctness
 use the principles of effective speech delivery in different
situations focusing on articulation
 modulation
 stage presence
 facial expression, gestures, and movements
 rapport with the audience
f. audienc

Speaking in public presupposes speaking before an audience or a group of people. You

may speak in front of your friends and family, in front of your classmates and teachers, or in front
of any other group of audience depending on purpose or function. Some of the purposes or
functions of speeches may include speech to inform, speech to persuade, or speech to entertain.
As a student, you have to acknowledge that at some point in your life, you will finally be speaking
outside the classroom. Resigning to this fact may help you develop an intrinsic motivation to learn
oral communication skills and to embrace the training your teacher provides for you. You know that
students like you experience tremendous nervousness the first time they have to speak in front of
teachers and classmates. But with consistent training you may begin to love the entire process.
Developing public speaking skills may also help accuracy and fluency in the English language,
which are very beneficial for speaking in any given situation be it academic or any public speaking
forum.

PREPARING AND DELIVERING AN INFORMATIVE SPEECH

FOCUS QUESTION: How does a speaker prepare and deliver and engaging and
effective informative speech?
Informative speeches are crafted to offer stimulating and valuable information to a general audience
or a particular group of people. Since one of the main purposes of such speech is to increase the
awareness of the audience, accurate, up-to-date, and necessary information should be prioritized.
Thus, thorough research of the topic is required. Moreover, this type of speech may comprise
delivering a topic about an important person, an interesting event, or a life-saving information.

CHARACTERISTICS OF AN INFORMATIVE SPEECH

The term informative in informative speeches means educational. Informative speeches therefore are
speeches that are intended to teach particular subject matters to a group of audience. The audience
is expected to learn useful or interesting things that have to do with specific topics of interests such as
significant people of today or those from history, interesting places, or any subject matters which
audience may need.
Below are features of informative speeches showing similarities and differences to other speech
types.
A. Topic and Goal
The topic or subject matter of an informative speech is one distinct feature that separates it from
other types of speeches. The ultimate goal of informative speeches is to inform and educate the
audience about a subject matter that is beneficial and noteworthy.

B. Details
Informative speeches use accurate data and appropriate illustrations or examples. Transitions
should be used to signal significant details to your audience. Make your transitions clear from one
point to the next to keep your audience’s attention. Giving examples will also help your audience
comprehend your main points.

C. Organization
In terms of structure or organization, like any other types of speech, informative speeches are
designed to have three parts. They start with introductory statements describing the topic in an
interesting way. The body requires substantial details supporting the main points about the topic.
And the concluding part is designed to recap the significant points about the topic.

STRUCTURE OF AN INFORMATIVE SPEECH

Help your audience remember as much information as they can by using an outline. An informative
speech, like any other speeches, can be best prepared and delivered by following a clear and simple
outline like the one below.
1. Introduction
 Salutation and Attention Getter
 State goal or purpose of your speech.
 State thesis statement.
 Preview the points you are going to discuss.
2. Body
Paint a clear mental picture to your audience to get your ideas across chronologically.
3. Conclusion
 Signal to your audience that you are about to end your speech.
 Restate your thesis.
 Recap the major points you have discussed.

PREPARING AND DELIVERING A PERSUASIVE SPEECH

FOCUS QUESTION: How do we prepare and deliver persuasive speeches?

Persuasive speeches allow speakers to relate with their audiences not only to inform, to entertain, or
to inspire but also to make them accept their viewpoints. Persuasive speaking, therefore, is a
particular kind of speech in which the definitive goal of the speaker is to convince his audience to
accept his or her standpoint. For instance, the speaker may like to influence other’s current attitudes
toward a particular issue, or the audience is likely to make a decision such as purchasing something.
It is clear that a persuasive speech is projected to influence people at an intuitive level, encouraging
them into taking action.

CHARACTERISTICS OF A PERSUASIVE SPEECH

Most, if not all, persuasive speeches share the following qualities:
A. Introductory Phase
In a persuasive speech, begin with a strong impression or feeling on a significant issue- a
specific issue with important differences of views or opinions.

B. Audience
It is important to have a strong awareness of your audience. Are you speaking to a group of
students or professionals? What does your audience know about the issue? What possible
objections will they have? You better prepare by anticipating answers to these questions.

C. Voice
Consider speaking with conviction and assurance, but with sensible and unbiased remarks.
This will aid you get the trust of your audience.
FOCUS OF PERSUASION
A. Fact
The use of facts in arguments must be verifiable. Those that can be proven to be either true or
false.

B. Value
This is where you can argue on the right or wrong of a particular action or one is better or
worse than the other.

C. Policy
This focus of persuasive speech persuades audience that actions should or should not be
taken.

STRUCTURE OF AN INFORMATIVE SPEECH

Help your audience remember as much information as they can by using an outline. An informative
speech, like any other speeches, can be best prepared and delivered by following a clear and simple
outline like the one below.
1. Introduction
 Salutation and Attention Getter
 State goal or purpose of your speech.
 State thesis statement.
 Preview the points you are going to discuss.
2. Body
Paint a clear mental picture to your audience to get your ideas across chronologically.
3. Conclusion
 Signal to your audience that you are about to end your speech.
 Restate your thesis.
 Recap the major points you have discussed.

PREPARING AND DELIVERING AN ENTERTAINMENT SPEECH

FOCUS QUESTION: How do we prepare and deliver entertainment speeches?

 Entertainment speeches enable speakers to connect with audiences not only at the cognitive
level but also at the effective level. Speakers throughout the years have used entertainment
speeches to gain the sympathy and inclination of their audience to their goals, purposes, and causes.
However, entertainment speeches are much more difficult to prepare and deliver than informative or
persuasive speeches. This is because the appeal is primarily to the emotions of people through
entertainment. This therefore requires a speaker to not only be informative or persuasive but also to
be entertaining.
Unlike informative or persuasive speeches, audience reaction is most critical in entertainment
speeches. If the audience was not entertained, then you could not have been said to have given an
entertainment speech. In preparing and delivering an entertainment speech, a speaker must have a
feel for what entertains an audience.

PREPARING AN ENTERTAINMENT SPEECH

The following will help you prepare our entertainment speech.
1. Know your audience
Different kinds of audiences need different ways of being entertained. There would be
comments that only a certain group of people would find entertaining. An audience composed
of highly educated people is very likely to be entertained differently from an audience
composed of laymen. You, therefore, need to know the background of your audience.
2. Learn from veteran speakers
You will learn a lot by watching and listening veteran speakers give entertainment speeches. In
this age of information, there are many opportunities especially through the Internet to watch
and listen to different videos or audios of speakers giving entertainment speeches.
3. Understand the available techniques of producing entertainment and humor
Many techniques of producing humor abound. Among them are puns. Puns produce humor
through the funny use of words. This method of humor starts by leading an audience to a
particular train of thought and then, instead of giving an expected remark or conclusion, you
give something totally unexpected.
4. Understand the unacceptable methods of producing humor
One unacceptable method for producing humor is giving sexually-charged jokes or remarks.
This method is relegated to places that are not considered part of respectable society.

DELIVERING AN ENTERTAINMENT SPEECH

1. Test your delivery
You will need to practice delivering your speech to someone whose background is very similar
to your target audience.
2. Make use of verbal and nonverbal language
Verbal and nonverbal languages increase the possibility of entertainment.
3. Avoid overused routines
Overused jokes, gestures, or other elements can bore your audience. When this happens,
your audience will not be entertained and may even find you irritating. However, you can still
use overused routines by introducing a new element in them that your audience can find
unexpected and surprisingly entertaining.