Finale 2007 Tutorial English

INSTALLATION AND TUTORIALS
for Windows and Macintosh
Finale 2007 for Windows and Macintosh

Copyright 2006. MakeMusic, Inc. All rights reserved. First printing, June 2006. U.S. Patent Numbers 4,945,804 and 4,960,031 and 5,396,828 Project Manager Beth Sorensen Product Specialist Scott Yoho MakeMusic Product Specialist Tom Johnson Technical Director Mark Maronde Software Development Engineering: Randall Stokes, Chris Cianflone, Joe Lenarz, Tim Fischer, Kay Paulus, Scott Puhl, Dave Polashek, Scott McSpadden, Ryan Demlow, Jeff Nordquist Quality Assurance: Michael Johnson, Allen Fisher, Trey ZehrGrimm, Shawn McClain, Kami Miller, Gary Pederson, Nathan Carlton, Alex Smith, Yvonne Grover, Carla Hennes, Joy Islam Customer Support James Anderson, Norm Briden, Matthew Ferry, Fred Flowerday, James Gould, Scott Hirsch, Philip Holst, Matt Kettelhut, David Olson, Doug Rasmussen, Mike Reed, David Scheffing, Chris Smit, Ryan Wooley Documentation Mark Johnson MakeMusic, Finale, Finale Allegro, Finale PrintMusic!, Finale NotePad, FinaleScript, Human Playback, and HyperScribe are registered trademarks of MakeMusic, Inc. and its licensors. TempoTap is a trademark of MakeMusic, Inc. and its licensors. ENIGMA Music Publishing Toolkit 1987-2006 MakeMusic, Inc. and its licensors. All rights reserved. The program used to install Finale, Installer Vise 5.5.2, 1993-2006 MindVision, Inc. All rights reserved. MetroWorks CodeWarrior 1993-2006 MetroWorks Corporation. All rights reserved. Portions 1984-2005 FairCom Corporation. All rights reserved. SmartScore and MIDISCAN are registered trademarks of Musitek Music Imaging Technologies. Microsoft, MS-DOS, Windows, Windows 2000, Windows NT and Windows XP are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Apple and Macintosh are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Other brand or product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
7615 Golden Triangle Drive Suite M Eden Prairie MN 55344-3848 952.937.9611 800.843.2066 FAX 952.937.9760 Customer Support 952.937.9703
Table of Contents
Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v
Installing Finale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Installation for Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vii

Preparing for Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii Setting up your MIDI System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii Starting and Authorizing Finale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix The MIDI Setup Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Installation for Macintosh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii

Installing Finale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii Preparing for Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii To Setup Your Printer: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv Setting Up Your MIDI System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv The MIDI Setup Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii Setting Up MIDI with OS X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii
How to Learn Finale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi Tutorial 1a: Simple Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

Creating a New Document with the Document Setup Wizard . . . . . . . . 1 Entering Music with the Simple Entry Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Adding Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Changing Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Saving Your Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Tutorial 1b: Speedy Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Creating a New Document from a Template. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Speedy Entry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Editing with Speedy Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Copying Music to Off-screen Targets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deleting Measures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Erasing Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Playback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 26 29 39 39 40 42
Table of Contents
Tutorial 1c: HyperScribe - Notate As You Play . . . . . . . . . . .45
Introduction to HyperScribe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Creating a New Default Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Click and Countoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transcribing a Scale (with a Click). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transcribing a Melody (with a Tap) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Setting the Time Signature and Beaming Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Two-handed HyperScribing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 46 46 47 49 50 51
Tutorial 2: Adding Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55

Changing the Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Changing the Time Signature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Entering Lyrics: Type into Score . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Entering Lyrics: Click Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adding a Second Verse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Repeat Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chord Symbols (Optional Section). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Working with Inner Voices: Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 56 57 59 61 63 65 68
Tutorial 3: Articulations and Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73

Basic Articulations and Expressions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adding a Slur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metatools: Putting in Many Articulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expressions: Creating Your Own Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Markings that Play Back . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Staff Lists: Specifying Target Staves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Copying and Pasting Expressions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 75 77 80 83 83 87 88
Tutorial 4: Layout and Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91

Measure Layout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pickup Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spacing the Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beat Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 92 93 94
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Table of Contents
The Page Layout Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 The Resize Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 The Text Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 The Graphics Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Printing Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Tutorial 5: Working with Scores and Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . .109

Setting Clefs and Staff Names. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hiding Staves (Staff Sets) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inserting Staves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transposing Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Staff Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Optimizing Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Linked Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 113 114 114 116 117 120
Tutorial 6: Playback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125

Assigning MIDI Channels and Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using Kontakt for Finale with Garritan Personal Orchestra (GPO) . . The Mixer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Human Playback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The MIDI Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Creating a Decrescendo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expressions: Defining Playback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Creating an Intelligent Tempo Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Creating Swing Playback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Syncing Finale to Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 129 131 133 135 137 151 154 156 157
Tutorial 7: Guitar Tab and Fretted Instruments . . . . . . . . .161

Creating Guitar Tablature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Copying Music to and from a Tab Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Changing the String and Fret Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Entry Directly into a Tab Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Entering Slides, Bends and Tremolos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hammer-ons, Pull-offs and Other Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Entry Using a MIDI Guitar (Optional Section) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 162 164 164 167 169 170
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Tutorial 8: Other Notation Topics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .175
The Special Tools Tool: Fancy Beaming and Stemming . . . . . . . . . . . Measure Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Shape Designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scanning Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Percussion Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 181 184 187 188
Making the Most of Finale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191 License Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .199 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .203
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Before You Begin

THANK YOU FOR CHOOSING FINALE!
Finale is a powerful integrated program for music transcription, notation, playback, and publishing. Incorporating elements of a word processor, a graphics designer, a sequencer, and a page-layout program, Finale has all the power you need to create beautiful looking sheet music and a quality MIDI performance. Easier than ever to learn and use, this program has the potential to help you produce more musicboth printed and playedfaster and better than ever before. Take a moment to look over the contents of your Finale package. It should include: Installation & Tutorials Book Quick Reference Guide Finale Installation Disc, along with your Finale Serial Number
ABOUT THIS BOOK

In these pages, youll learn how to start putting Finale to work right away. From installing the software, to entering music, to printing the score, and everything in between, well cover all the basics you need to know to get up and running fast. The Windows and Macintosh versions of Finale are similar enough that we have incorporated instructions for both into this one book. You will notice, however, that there are two separate versions of the Installation instructions one for Windows users and one for Macintosh users. These chapters provide platform-specific installation and setup instructions. Beyond these initial chapters, the book applies to both platforms; any differences will be indicated by separate instructions for each platform, given in parentheses. (The majority of these differences will involve keystrokese.g., ! for Windows, a or b for Macintosh). Throughout this book, youll find references or links to other topics. MOST LINKS LOOK LIKE THIS. If you are viewing this book with the Acrobat Reader, you can click on the link to go to that section of the book or the User Manual (a PDF file of this book can be found in the Finale/User Manual folder). If youre reading this book in printed form, simply turn to the referred section. Throughout this manual, youll find tip boxes; one is shown at right. These tip boxes contain helpful hints and tips that relate to the text where theyre found.
Tip boxes look like this. In these boxes, youll find helpful tips and tricks along the way.
Learning Finale wont be difficult. Though the program offers hundreds of features and options, theres absolutely nothing wrong with ignoring the ones youll never use. Dont have a MIDI instrument? Then skip those sections of the book. Dont plan to use guitar fretboards? Then dont bother learning that feature. You may need some of the other options another dayor never, depending on the kind of music you want to create; thats perv
Before You Begin

fectly OK. To help you get a jump start, weve divided Tutorial 1 into separate entry methods. If you dont have a MIDI keyboard, you can skip Tutorial 1c. After reading chapter 1a, if you feel comfortable using Simple Entry as your primary entry method, skip tutorial 1b. Be sure to look at the Read Me file, which the Finale Installer copies to your hard disk and installs in the Finale 2007 folder. This document contains important information about Finale that wasnt available when this book went to press.
AUTHORIZATION/GETTING HELP
To receive all the benefits of being a Finale owner, be sure to complete the Authorization Wizard. To access the Authorization Wizard, click Authorize Now the first time you launch Finale 2007 (or, from the Help Menu, choose Authorize Finale). You have the option to authorize over the Internet, or by phone, fax, or mail. You will be asked to provide the serial number located on the interior of your Finale 2007 CD/DVD case. If you are upgrading from an earlier version of Finale, your serial number has not changed, and can be found in the About box of your previous Finale version (under the Help or Finale 2007 menu). If you have a question about Finale and cant find the answer in Remember that extensive help is this book, the USER MANUAL, or the QUICKSTART VIDEOS, addi- always at your fingertips: from the tional help is available. Authorized owners may contact Make- Help Menu, choose User Manual, Music for customer support at www.finalemusic.com/support. then Table of Contents. Our representatives are also available by phone at (952) 9379703 between 8:30 AM and 5:00 PM CST, Monday through Friday. Phone support is free of charge (although MakeMusic does not reimburse long distance charges). Please have your serial number ready. MakeMusic can also be reached by fax at (952) 937-9760, or by mail at 7615 Golden Triangle Drive, Suite M, Eden Prairie, MN 55344-3848. In addition to receiving customer support benefits, authorization means you can also be notified of free maintenance updates, and discounts on future upgrades and new products. Please visit www.finalemusic.com to download maintenance updates, learn about other Finale resources, and find more information about the Finale family of notation products. Here you can also search our Knowledge Base for answers to frequently asked questions, and participate in Finales online community through interactive forums.
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Installation for Windows

INSTALLING FINALE
Macintosh users: skip to the next section, INSTALLATION FOR MACINTOSH. Installing Finale onto your hard disk is easy, whether youre upgrading from a previous version or working with Finale for the first time. Before you begin installing Finale, make sure theres enough room on your hard disk to hold the program and its associated files. For a full installation, youll need about two hundred megabytes (200,000K) of free space on your hard disk. You should also bear in mind that, like many other software programs, Finale creates and makes use of temporary files during its normal operations, which it then deletes from your hard disk when you exit the program. We recommend having an additional ten megabytes (10,000K) of free disk space for these files. Because some virus detection programs can prevent certain files from installing properly, we recommend you temporarily disable anti-virus programs. Rest assured, your Finale CD does not contain any viruses. If you are installing on Windows XP Professional, make sure you are logged in as the System Administrator and reboot after installation. Insert the Install disc into your CD-ROM drive. The Installer sets up a folder called Finale 2007 for the Finale program and its associated files and folders. Do not alter this setup.
If the Setup Program doesnt start, click the Start Menu and choose Run. Type d:\setup (where D represents the CD-ROM drive on your machine) and click OK. The Finale Setup program starts the installation process. Follow the instructions on the screen until the installation is complete. The Finale Installer lets you select which files you want installed and where you want them placed on your hard disk. The Installer offers to create a folder called Finale 2007. We recommend that you install all of the Finale files into this new folder. For the most part, you can press Enter to confirm each screens defaults. Remove the Installer disc from the drive and store it in a safe place! If anything happens to your hard disk, you can reinstall Finale from your original disc. If upon trying to install, you get the error message: Cannot find the file, your CD-ROM drive may be assigned to a letter other than D. Look in My Computer to find out which letter is associated with your CD-ROM drive.
When you open any older Finale family notation file (from the File Menu, choose Open, then navigate to your older file), Finale 2007 takes a moment to convert it into the new format, then opens it as an Untitled file. If you save the file in Finale 2007 using the same name as before, you will not be able to reopen that file using an earlier version of Finale. It is suggested, therefore, that you save the file with a slightly different name (for instance, My
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Score could become My Score 2), unless you are absolutely sure that you wont need to reopen it in an earlier version of Finale.
PREPARING FOR PRINTING

Before you can print from Finale, you must set up Windows to work with your printer. See your Microsoft Windows User Manual for details. For information on printing in Finale, see PRINTING in the User Manual or consult TUTORIAL 3 in this volume.
SETTING UP YOUR MIDI SYSTEM

If you are not using MIDI, skip this section. If youre just getting started with MIDI, this section provides basic instructions for connecting your equipment. MIDI stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface. Its the language spoken by computers and electronic musical instruments. Well assume that youre connecting a MIDI keyboard, although you can use any MIDI instrument. In this book, MIDI keyboard refers to whatever type of MIDI device you are using. We will assume that your computer is equipped with a sound card, which is designed to also act as a MIDI interface and has the appropriate driver software installed. If you are using a dedicated MIDI interface, you will need to consult its documentation for instructions on setting up your MIDI system. At the very least, in addition to the sound card you will need the following equipment for an operational MIDI system (not including your computer): A MIDI keyboard Amplifier/speaker or headphones A MIDI cable (the sound card accessory which connects to the cards game/joystick port on one end, and has two MIDI cables on the other end) The last item, a MIDI cable, is an optional accessory which may have been included when you purchased your sound card. If you do not have this accessory cable, contact a local music store or the manufacturer of your sound card. Install your sound card or USB interface and its drivers. See its documentation for instructions. Place the computer, keyboard, and MIDI interface where you want them. Go ahead and plug in any power cords, but dont turn anything on yet. If you are using a sound card, plug the game/joystick port end of the MIDI cable into the game/joystick port of the sound card. If you are using a USB interface, connect it to your
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computer using a USB cable. Again, if you are using a USB interface, consult its documentation for specific instructions. Plug the MIDI cable marked MIDI OUT into the MIDI IN port on your MIDI keyboard, and the MIDI cable marked MIDI IN into the MIDI keyboard port marked MIDI OUT. The MIDI ports on a MIDI keyboard are usually on the back of the unit. The most common problem encountered by a new MIDI user is improperly connected cables. The trick is to think of the route the music data is taking. The notes you play will leave your MIDI keyboard from the port marked Out, and proceed to the computer through a cable or port marked In. Similarly, when the computer plays back your music, the notes leave the computer through the port or cable marked Out and enter the MIDI keyboard through the port marked In. So, although it may seem contrary to common sense, plug the In to the Out and vice versa. Your connections should resemble those in this figure:
AMPLIFIER & SPEAKER
Computer
To Game/Joystick port on Soundcard
MIDI Out MIDI In KEYBOARD
Turn on all your equipment. If you discover that Finale isnt responding to your MIDI keyboard, check these connections again, and consult the manual that came with your sound card.
STARTING AND AUTHORIZING FINALE

Double-click on the Finale 2007 icon. It will be on your desktop. When you launch Finale for the first time, you will see the Authorize Finale dialog box. This dialog box continues to appear each time you launch Finale until the product is authorized. Click Authorize Now! to start the Finale Authorization Wizard. Follow the simple instructions to authorize your copy of Finale. Or, click Remind Me Later to authorize at a later time. You have 30 days to authorize your copy of Finale. After 30 days, printing and saving are disabled until your copy of Finale is authorized.
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If you have internet access (and are not running firewall, security or virus software that would block information from being received back at your computer), simply select this option, and the rest is taken care of for you automatically. Otherwise, select one of the other options for phone, FAX or standard mail, and a window will be displayed containing a User Code. You may print out this page and FAX or mail it to us, or you can call with your serial number and User Code. In either case, we will generate an Authorization Code that you manually type in to complete the process. In each case (including internet), our system automatically sends an email confirmation of the information. If you selected the internet option, but have a firewall that blocked the information from being received, then you can manually type in the Authorization Code information provided. Your copy of Finale can be authorized on two computers simultaneously. However, with an Internet connection, authorization can be moved from one computer to another at will. Simply choose Deauthorize Finale from the Help Menu to open up a free authorization slot. Your copy of Finale can now be authorized on a different computer. Also, deauthorize prior to making hardware changes to your computer, such as replacing a hard drive. Doing so will ensure a slot is open to authorize after updating your hardware. When you deauthorize, printing and saving are disabled until authorization has been restored. PLEASE NOTE that the User/Authorization Codes are computer specific, and will only work on the given computer installation. Make sure that the Authorization Code is typed in using capital letters, and also verify that the correct serial number has been entered. If you have made a change to the computer (replaced the hard drive or motherboard, or installed a new operating system), and didnt deauthorize prior to doing so, contact Customer Service directly by phone, FAX or standard mail with your serial number and the location ID for the specific installation in question, and one of our representatives can clear the previous authorization from your account. If the software is not "reminding" you to authorize when you run the program, then the authorization has been successfully completed. Next, the MIDI Setup dialog box appears. Here, you can choose the devices you want to use for MIDI Input and playback. Youll learn how to configure MIDI using this dialog box in the next section. Click OK. The Launch Window appears. From here, you can choose how you want to begin a new score, continue working on an existing project, or access reference materials. For example, choose Setup Wizard to begin a new custom document by specifying the title, staves, key signature, time signature and other attributes for your new score. Well explain more about the Setup Wizard in chapter 1a.
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THE MIDI SETUP DIALOG BOX
The first time you launch Finale, the MIDI Setup dialog box will appear (subsequently its found in Finales MIDI Menu). This is where you instruct Finale which MIDI drivers youd like to use. Finale begins by scanning your system and finding the MIDI drivers that are already installed. On the left side of the dialog box, under MIDI In, the program will select the MIDI In Device that is present on your computer (for example, Sound Blaster MIDI Input). In the right hand box, the program will select Finales SoftSynth (software synthesizer) which is installed with Finale. You can easily choose a different device to enter or play back your music. Any time youd like to hear the music on your computers speakers (which are connected to your sound card), youd typically choose a driver with the term Synth or Synthesizer in it. If, on the other hand, youd like Finale to play back on an external MIDI device (which would require its own speaker and amplifier), choose a driver which has MIDI Out in its name. You can leave SoftSynth selected for the MIDI output device to playback with your computer speakers using Finales default General MIDI sounds. Or, choose from the available synthesizers on your computer. The following diagram shows the MIDI Setup dialog box properly configured to play back through the computers speakers via a sound card.
The diagram below shows the MIDI Setup dialog box properly configured to play back through an external MIDI device. Keep in mind that the specific driver names will change depending on what sound card or MIDI device you have.
For more information, consult the User Manual under MIDI SETUP DIALOG BOX. Youre all set to explore Finale. Skip to the next section, HOW TO LEARN FINALE.
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Installation for Macintosh

INSTALLING FINALE
Windows users: see the previous chapter INSTALLATION FOR WINDOWS or skip over this chapter. Installing Finale onto your hard disk is easy, whether youre upgrading from a previous version or working with Finale for the first time. Before you begin installing Finale, make sure theres enough The Installer sets up a folder room on your hard disk to hold the program and its associated called Finale 2007 for the files. For a full installation, youll need about two hundred Finale program and its megabytes (200,000K) of free space on your hard disk. You associated files and folders. Do should also bear in mind that, like many other software programs, Finale creates and makes use of temporary files dur- not alter this setup. ing its normal operations, which it then deletes from your hard disk when you exit the program. We recommend having an additional ten megabytes (10,000K) of free disk space for these files. Insert the Finale disc into your CD-ROM drive. Its icon appears on your desktop. Double-click the CD icon. The contents of the CD appear on your screen. Double-click the Installer icon. In a moment, the Finale Installer screen appears. Follow the instructions on the screen until the installation is complete. The Finale Installer lets you select which files you want installed and where you want them placed on your hard disk. The Installer offers to create a folder called Finale 2007. We recommend that you install all of the Finale files into this new folder. For the most part, you can press Return to confirm the defaults. Finale 2007 will not disturb an older Finale folder. You can copy any custom files and song files into the new Finale folders, then delete the previous Finale folder if you want to free up disk space.
When you open an older Finale family notation file (choose File, then Open and navigate to your older file), Finale 2007 takes a moment to convert it into the new format, then opens it as an Untitled file. If you save the file in Finale 2007 using the same name as before, you will not be able to reopen that file using an earlier version of Finale. It is suggested, therefore, that you save the file with a slightly different name (for instance, My Score could become My Score 2), unless you are sure that you wont need to reopen the file in an earlier version of Finale.
PREPARING FOR PRINTING

These instructions cover the basic preparations for printing from Finale or any program. If you can print successfully from other programs already, skip ahead to the next section. Before you
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print for the first time, you must tell the Macintosh where to send its printing information, especially if you have more than one printer.
TO SETUP YOUR PRINTER:

Install OS X drivers for your printer. If the printer is compatible with OS X, youll find these drivers on a CD included with your printer. You can also usually download the necessary drivers from the printer manufacturers Web site. See the printers user manual for additional information. Navigate to the hard drive, and choose Applications, Utilities, and then Printer Setup Utility. The Print Center dialog box appears. If your printer isnt already listed, click the Add button. In the new window, choose the appropriate zone from the popup menu. Click your printers name and click Add. Quit Print Center/Printer Setup Utility.
SETTING UP YOUR MIDI SYSTEM

MIDI stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface. Its the language spoken by computers and electronic musical instruments. Well assume that youre connecting a MIDI keyboard, although you can use any MIDI instrument. In this manual, MIDI keyboard refers to whatever type of MIDI device you are using. At the very least, youll need the following equipment for an operational MIDI system (not including your computer): A MIDI keyboard Amplifier/speaker or headphones Two MIDI cables A MIDI interface with appropriate USB cable The last item, a MIDI interface, is a box that translates the signals arriving from the MIDI keyboard into signals the computer understands, and vice versa. Interfaces can be very simple or very elaborate. The most basic ones require no external power and have ports (jacks) for a single MIDI keyboard; more expensive models have ports for multiple MIDI devices or other features. Most Macs have USB (Universal Serial Bus) ports, a standard that allows users to connect devices to their computers without needing to restart for the devices to become active.
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Place the computer, keyboard, and MIDI interface where you want them. Go ahead and plug in any power cords, but dont turn anything on yet. Plug one end of the MIDI interface cable into the interface (if applicable). Plug the other end into the USB or serial port on the back of your Macintosh. Plug one end of a MIDI cable into the MIDI keyboard port marked MIDI In. Plug the other end into the MIDI interface port marked MIDI Out. Plug the second MIDI cable into the interface port marked MIDI In and the MIDI keyboard port marked MIDI Out. The most common problem encountered by a new MIDI user is improperly connected cables. The trick is to think of the route the music data is taking. The notes you play will leave your MIDI keyboard from the port marked Out, and enter the interface through the port marked In, then on to the computer. Similarly, when the computer plays back your music, the notes go out from the computer to the interface, leave the interface through the port marked Out, and enter your MIDI keyboard through the port marked In. So, although it may seem contrary to common sense, plug the In to the Out and vice versa. Your connections should resemble those in this figure:
AMPLIFIER & SPEAKER
MAC
From serial or USB port
MIDI In MIDI Out INTERFACE
MIDI Out MIDI In KEYBOARD
Turn on all your equipment. Your MIDI system is now configured. To name a MIDI device or configure additional settings, jump ahead to CONFIGURING MIDI IN OS X. If you do not wish to name a MIDI device or make additional settings, you can skip ahead to STARTING FINALE.
CONFIGURING MIDI IN OS X
You can use helper utilities already available on your computer to configure your MIDI devices by following these steps. Navigate to your hard drive, and choose Application, Utilities, Audio MIDI Setup. The Audio MIDI Setup dialog box appears. Now, well add new devices.
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Click the MIDI Devices tab. Audio MIDI Setup will search for MIDI hardware and software. After the search, your MIDI interface will appear.
In the button bar, click Add Device. If necessary, drag the new device icon so it doesnt overlap the interface icon. Double-click the new device icon. Enter a device name, then select or enter the manufacturer and model. If more options are required, click the More Properties arrow. Click OK. Repeat the last four steps for any other devices. Now, well connect new devices to the interface. If you are using a controller for MIDI input, drag the outgoing arrow of the MIDI controller to the incoming arrow on the MIDI interface. If you are using a sound module for playback, drag the incoming arrow of the sound module to the outgoing arrow on the MIDI interface.
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If you are using a device such as a MIDI keyboard for both input and playback, connect the outgoing arrow on the MIDI device to the incoming arrow on the MIDI interface, and then connect the incoming arrow of the MIDI device to the outgoing arrow of the MIDI interface. Quit Audio MIDI Setup. Now that you have setup MIDI with OS X, skip directly to STARTING FINALE
STARTING FINALE
Double-click on the Finale 2007 icon on your Desktop. When you launch Finale for the first time, you will see the Authorize Finale dialog box. This dialog box continues to appear each time you launch Finale until the product is authorized. Click Authorize Now! to start the Finale Authorization Wizard. Follow the simple instructions to authorize your copy of Finale. Or, click Remind Me Later to authorize at a later time. You have 30 days to authorize your copy of Finale. After 30 days, printing and saving are disabled until your copy of Finale is authorized. If you have internet access (and are not running firewall, security or virus software that would block information from being received back at your computer), simply select this option, and the rest is taken care of for you automatically. Otherwise, select one of the other options for phone, FAX or standard mail, and a window will be displayed containing a User Code. You may print out this page and FAX or mail it to us, or you can call with your serial number and User Code. In either case, we will generate an Authorization Code that you manually type in to complete the process. In each case (including internet), our system automatically sends an email confirmation of the information. If you had selected the internet option, but have a firewall that blocked the information from being received, then you can manually type in the Authorization Code information provided. Your copy of Finale can be authorized on two computers simultaneously. However, with an Internet connection, authorization can be moved from one computer to another at will. Simply choose Deauthorize Finale from the Help Menu to open up a free authorization slot. Your copy of Finale can now be authorized on a different computer. Also, deauthorize prior to making hardware changes to your computer, such as replacing a hard drive. Doing so will
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ensure a slot is open to authorize after updating your hardware. When you deauthorize, printing and saving are disabled until authorization has been restored. PLEASE NOTE that the User/Authorization Codes are computer specific, and will only work on the given computer installation. Make sure that the Authorization Code is typed in using capital letters, and also verify that the correct serial number has been entered. If you have made a change to the computer (replaced the hard drive or motherboard, or installed a new operating system), and didnt deauthorize prior to doing so, contact Customer Service directly by phone, FAX or standard mail with your serial number and the location ID for the specific installation in question, and one of our representatives can clear the previous authorization from your account. If the software is not "reminding" you to authorize when you run the program, then the authorization has been successfully completed. Click OK. The Launch Window appears. From here, you can choose how you want to begin a new score, continue working on an existing project, or access reference materials. For example, choose Setup Wizard to begin a new custom document by specifying the title, staves, key signature, time signature and other attributes. Youll learn more about the Setup Wizard in chapter 1a.
THE MIDI SETUP DIALOG BOX

The MIDI Setup dialog box is where you instruct Finale which devices youd like to use for MIDI functions. On the left side of the dialog box, youll choose the MIDI input device. On the right side, youll choose the desired output device. What you choose here will determine on which device Finale will play back your music.
SETTING UP MIDI WITH OS X

Start Finale. Navigate to the MIDI Menu and choose MIDI Setup. The MIDI Setup dialog box appears. For the MIDI System, choose CoreMIDI.
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Select the proper input and output devices from their respective menus. If only ports are listed, select the port on your interface to which your MIDI device is connected.
Click OK. Youre all set to explore Finale on your own.
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How to Learn Finale

The remainder of this book contains step-by-step tutorials. It is best to take them in order, because each tutorial is more advanced than the one before it. For some of the tutorials, youll be working on prepared documents If you dont read any that are located in the Tutorials folder within the Finale folder on your other tutorials, do take hard disk. In addition to these tutorials, high-quality sample scores are a look at Tutorial 1a. also included which offer a glimpse of Finales capabilities. Finale itself contains powerful instructional tools: the Status or Message Bar along the edge of the application window, QuickStart Video Tips, Help and the USER MANUAL. (At the end of each tutorial, youll find a short section called FOR MORE INFORMATION, which directs you to some how-tos in the User Manual that relate to the topics youve just covered.) The Status Bar (Win) or Message Bar (Mac) shows you the name of each tool you click, and tells you what your next step should be. On Windows, it also displays a description of each menu or command. Help provides context-sensitive help. Click the Help button or press F1 (Win) or Help (Mac) in any dialog box to show a discussion of the dialog box. QuickStart Video Tips are a series of videos that run on your computer and give you step-bystep instructions on the use of many of Finale's tools and features. The Video Tips, which can be accessed through the Help Menu, are designed to enhance and support these tutorials. Feel free to use these Tips at any time to review any of the procedures outlined in this book. The User Manual is the most powerful and comprehensive of the instructional tools available to you. Here you will find detailed descriptions of each of Finale's tools, dialog boxes, and other features, as well as step-by-step instructions on how to perform any task in Finale. It is highly recommended that you take a few moments to familiarize yourself with this tool: select the Help Menu, then choose User Manual, then Table of Contents.
SOME TERMINOLOGY
If this is your first encounter with a computer, you should take some time to learn the basics from its manual. If your computer didnt come with an owners manual, many excellent books are now available on basic computer usage, often with insulting names like Macintosh for Complete Morons or Windows for Blithering Idiots. Despite such uninviting names, these books can be indispensable if youve never used a computer before. In any case, you should certainly familiarize yourself with your operating system, making sure that you understand important concepts such as pointing, clicking, double-clicking, dragging, and opening and closing windows.
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How to Learn Finale

This Finale book assumes that you know how to choose a command from a menu and how to navigate through a dialog box. In addition, be sure youre familiar with the parts of a window, including the scroll bars, the title bar, the close button and the sizable frame. In many applications, including this one, youre sometimes asked to !-click (Mac: aclick) something on the screen. That simply means that while pressing the ! (or a) key, you click the mouse buttonthen release both. Once youve mastered that principle, the meanings of d-click and even !-d-click should be clear. Because Finale does some things that music programs have never done before, youll also be running into terms were certain will be new to you. Youll be introduced to these terms as you go through the tutorials. But keep in mind that if you encounter an unfamiliar term while using the program, you can learn about it in the User Manual; just look up the dialog box or menu in which it appears.
SIMPLIFIED ORDER OF ENTRY

In general, you can make the most of your time by creating your documents in the following order. You may wish to refer to this list after performing the tutorials. 1. See the Order of Entry in the Making the Most of Finale chapter for more detailed steps after youve learned some important Finale concepts.
Specify the title, number of instruments, and beginning time and key signature. (See the Setup Wizard in Tutorial 1a.) 2. Enter the notes. 3. Listen to your piece to check for mistakes. 4. Edit the music. 5. Put in the lyrics. 6. Add repeats, chord symbols and fretboards. 7. Put in all markings: dynamics ( , articulations ( , and slurs. 8. Verify that the music is spaced correctly. 9. Look the piece over. Resize the page to fit more music on the page, if desired. 10. Fix bad page turns or system breaks.
F)
U)
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Tutorial 1a: Simple Entry

In this tutorial well show you the easiest ways to start a new document and get notes on the page. There are three basic note entry methods, so weve divided this tutorial into three parts: Simple Entry, Speedy Entry and HyperScribe. We recommend you start with the Simple Entry tutorial to get a good introduction to navigating around Finale. Simple Entry is Finales most basic entry method, yet it is also one of its most powerful. If you want, you can simply click notes onto the staff with a mouse. Or, for more speed, quickly type them in with your computer or play them in with a MIDI keyboard. As you enter, you can even enter articulations, expressions, and other items on the fly. By the end of this tutorial, you will be able to enter your notation into Finale using the powerful options offered by Simple Entry.
CREATING A NEW DOCUMENT WITH THE DOCUMENT SETUP WIZARD

You are probably familiar with Wizards from other applications, such as word processors and spreadsheets. This Wizard is designed to help you set up a new Finale document. Lets create a simple piano score. If you havent already started Finale, do so now. When the Launch Window appears, click the Setup Wizard button. If Finale is already started, click on the File Menu and choose New, then Document with Setup Wizard. Click in the Title box and type Simple Gifts. When the Wizard creates your score, your title will be centered at the top. Click in the Composer box and type Traditional Shaker Song. Click in the Copyright box and enter the year and your name after the symbol. Notice that you can select the orientation and choose a page size other than the standard 8.5" by 11" (for the score and parts); your printer must, of course, be able to handle whatever size paper you select.

Click Next. The Wizard asks you what parts or instruments you want in your new score. In the first column is a list of instrument categories; the second contains a list of specific instruments in the category currently selected in column one. The third column is empty, but will eventually contain a list of instruments you will be using for your score. In the first column, click on the word Keyboards. A list of common keyboards appears in the second column. In the second column, click on the word Piano; click Add. Now the third column contains the piano you intend to use in this score. You should be aware that the order in which the instruments Check Generate Parts to appear in the third column is the order in which they will appear, produce a part for each from top to bottom, in your score. If you are creating a multiinstrument that is instrument score and the Document Setup Wizard incorrectly intelligently linked to the orders your instruments, you can use the small up and down score. See Chapter 5 for arrows to move the instruments around in the list until they are details. correct. You can also select a standard score order from the drop-down menu: Custom, Orchestral, Choral, Concert Band or Jazz Band. If you want to save your instrument setup as an ensemble for use later, click Save As., enter a name and click OK. Next time you use the Setup Wizard, you will be able to choose this ensemble from the drop-down menu. Your Wizard should now look like this:

Click Next. The Wizard asks for the time signature and key signature. Several common time signatures are offered and a ? button allows you to create more unusual time signatures. In the lower half of the box, use the scroll bar to select a key. Click the up arrow to add sharps to the key signature (or subtract flats). Click the down arrow to add flats (or subtract sharps). You can also specify whether the key is minor or major from the drop-down menu. Click the
2 4 button.
Click the up arrow once to set the key signature to G Major. Your Wizard should now look like the picture below:
Click Next. The Wizard next allows you to set up a tempo marking, a pickup measure and choose between setting your piece in the Maestro font (for an engraved look) or the Jazz font (for a handwritten look.) Check the box next to Specify Initial Tempo Marking. Set the tempo to the default: 120 beats per quarter note. This piece does require a pickup, so well add that next. Check Specify Pickup Measure and click the quarter note icon. The pickup is two eighth notes which equals a quarter note duration. We want the new score to be in the Maestro font, so under Default Music Font leave Maestro selected. Click on Jazz to see a sample of this font on the right, but re-select Maestro before continuing.
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Your Wizard should now look like the following picture:
Click Finish. Finale now presents you with a new, Untitled document, displaying your Simple Gifts title and containing the piano staves in the correct key and time signature with a pickup measure and a tempo marking in the first measure. (By default, Finale creates every new document with thirty-one empty measures.)
If the Jazz option is grayed out in the Setup Wizard, make sure the Jazz Font Default File is in the Finale folder.
You could continue with this file, but lets close it and open a file where weve completed the left hand for you. From the File Menu, choose Close. Save the file, if you wish. Choose Open from the File Menu. Locate the document named Tutorial 1a in the Finale 2007/Documentation/Tutorials folder, and double-click it. (Under Windows, document names may appear with or without an extension, depending on how your Windows system is configured. Finale's music documents use the extension .MUStherefore, the tutorial document you are looking for may appear as Tutorial 1a.MUS.) After a moment, youll see a simple piano arrangement of Simple Gifts come to the screen. The left-hand part has been prepared for you; in this tutorial, youll finish the melody.

Windows View
Menu Bar Main Tool Palette User Manual Playback Controls Document Window Simple Entry Palette (docked)
Navigation Palette
Vertical Window Scroll
Status Bar
Page Counter
Page Scroll
Horizontal Window Scroll
Macintosh View
Simple Entry Palette Menu Bar Document Playback Controls Window
Main Tool Palette
Message Bar
Title Bar (moves window)
Vertical Window scroll
Page Counter Page Scroll
Horizontal Window scroll

Take a look around the screen. Across the top, youll find the menu bar. Youll be using these menus to control Finales behavior, edit documents, change the view, and much more. There are nine unchanging menus; File, Edit, View, Options, MIDI, Plug-ins, Tools, Window and Help. Also, you will likely see another menu which corresponds to the tool currently selected in the Main Tool Palette. Below the menu bar is the Main Tool Palette. Each square tile on these toolbars contains a symbol representing its function. Just about everything you do in Finale will be in the context of one of these tools. Youll also see the Simple Entry Palette: on Windows running vertically along the left edge of the screen, on Mac to the right of the Main Tool Palette. All of these toolbars can be hidden, providing you with more space to view your music, or they can be viewed as palettes that float in front of the music. To hide any toolbar, select it from the Window Menu to remove the check mark. Selecting it again will cause it to reappear. (Note: Depending on your monitor's video resolution, the toolbars may first appear as palettes on your screen.) On Windows, the palettes are initially attached or docked to the edge of the window. To turn a toolbar into a floating palette, click on the edge of the toolbar and drag it out into the center of the screen, until you see a dotted-line representation of a smaller palette. Release the mouse button. The palette can then be moved to any position on the screen. To restore a palette to toolbar status, double-click. For additional toolbars, right-click on the grey toolbar area. The tool palettes can even be rearranged or configured to hide certain tools. See the User Manual under WINDOW MENU. For now, leave the toolbars in their original positions. The right side of the screen has a vertical scroll bar, which youll use to move the music youre viewing up or down; and across the bottom of the screen is a horizontal scroll bar, which youll use to move left or right through your piece. Youll also see the Page counter; this number identifies the current page on the screen. To jump to any page in the score, highlight the current page number, then type a new number into the box and press j. (This piece has only one page.) To hide the Status bar on Windows, click the Window Menu and uncheck Status Bar. On Mac, click the View Menu and choose Hide Message Bar.
At the bottom of the window, youll see the Status Bar. On Macintosh, youll find the Message Bar at the top of the window. The Status/Message bar indicates the tool currently chosen followed by a brief description of what it does. When you feel comfortable with Finale, you can hide the Status or Message Bar, so that youll have more window space for displaying music.

Click the mouse pointer across the tools on the Main Tool Palette. As the pointer touches or selects each tool, the Status or Message Bar identifies it by name, and gives you the first instruction for how to use it. If you look at your score, you may notice that Finale automatically fills any empty measures with a whole rest (hereafter called a default whole rest). Thats just to save you time, and its a feature you can turn off, if you want. Youll also notice that the music is displayed as a page of sheet music. This is Finales startup view, called Page View. If youre new to computers, take a moment to click and drag (while holding down the mouse button!) across the menu titles at the top of the screen, noticing how the lists of commands drop down as you pass over each title. Click the Mass Edit Tool icon l on the Main Tool Palette. Not only does the icon highlight, but there is now an additional menu on the menu bar: the Mass Edit Menu. Some Finale menus appear only when you select certain tools, so theyre out of your way until you need them. Now that youve had a look around, lets begin our masterpiece. Click the horizontal and vertical scroll bar arrows until measure one is visible (if necessary).
ENTERING MUSIC WITH THE SIMPLE ENTRY TOOL

Finale offers many different entry methods. The simple entry tool itself can be used to click notes onto a staff, enter notes with your computer keyboard, or with a MIDI keyboard. Here, youll learn how to enter notes using each of these methods. Click the Simple Entry Tool 4. The Simple Entry palette becomes In addition to this active. From the Window menu, choose Simple Entry Rests Palette tutorial, you can to show the Simple Entry Rests palette. These palettes are shown also open the file on the next page. Also, another menu has appeared on the menu EntryExercise in bar: the Simple Menu. This menu contains commands, a list of the Finale/ keyboard shortcuts, and other options that allow you to customize Documentation/ the way Simple Entry works. Tutorials folder for From the Simple Menu, choose Simple Entry Options. The Simple hands-on training. Entry Options dialog box appears. From this dialog box, you can customize the behavior of Simple Entry. Uncheck Create New Measures and then click OK. For this tutorial, all measures are already in place. In the future, you can recheck this option if you want to tell Finale to automatically

add new measures when the final measure has been filled. Well talk more about this and other Simple Entry Options later in this chapter. Now, notice the two Simple Entry Palettes.
Eraser Repitch Double-whole Note Whole Note Half Note Quarter Note Eighth Note Sixteenth Note 32nd Note 64th Note 128th Note Dot Sharp Flat Natural Half Step Up Half Step Down Tie Tuplet Grace Note 128th Rest 32nd Rest 64th Rest Eighth Rest Sixteenth Rest Half Rest Quarter Rest Double Whole Rest Whole Rest

You can click tools in the Simple Entry Palette to specify the To see a list of Simple rhythmic duration, and other attributes, prior to entering a note. Entry keyboard shortcuts The tools are divided into different groups. There are duration from the Simple Menu, tools, like quarters, eighth notes, etc., accidental tools, like a choose Simple Edit sharp or flat, a tie tool, tuplet tool and grace note tool. Click a Commands and Simple duration tool to select it, then click an accidental, dot or tie to Navigation commands. modify the note. Notice your mouse cursor displays the tools selected in the Simple Entry palette. Click a modifier tool again to de-select it if you dont want to use it anymore. To select any tool and clear all the other tools, double-click on it, or press the keystroke twice. You can mix and match the tools to build exactly the note you want to add, whether its a quarter note or a sharped tied dotted note that starts a triplet! Simply click in the staff to enter the note displayed on the mouse cursor. You can always select the note and edit it later using different, modifier keystrokes, which well talk about soon. The fastest way to enter notes in Simple Entry involves using keystrokes to select tools in the Simple Entry Palette, and then enter the notes using keystrokes on your computer keyboard, which well do now. Now, click the Eighth Note Tool 4 on the Simple Entry Palette. The Simple Entry Palette contains an icon for each note duration. Notice the note with a vertical line at the beginning of the first measure. This line is called the Simple Entry Caret. The caret is much like a cursor in a word processing program. Youll learn how to quickly type-in music using the caret soon. For now, move the cursor above and below the staff. Notice Finale draws temporary ledger lines to help you place new notes. The cursor also changes to show you where you are and what will happen if you click the mouse. Currently, a ghostly quarter note should be floating above your music, waiting for your click to place it into the score. Position the mouse cursor over the D just below the staff and click. Finale places an eighth note where you clicked. Click just to the right of the existing note to enter the second eighth note. Finale beams the eighth notes together and spaces out pickup measure accordingly. The next note is a quarter note, so well need to change the duration. Click the Quarter Note Tool in the Simple Entry Palette. The cursor changes to a quarter note.
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Position the cursor over the second line G in the top staff of measure 1 and click. A quarter note appears on the second line G. You could click the Simple Entry Palette to choose each new duration as you enter, but its much faster to use the number keypad. Each key in the number keypad corresponds to a different note duration. 3 for a sixteenth note, 4 for an eighth note, 5 for a quarter note, and so on. Press 4 in the number keypad. This is the same as clicking the Eighth Note Tool. You are now ready to continue. Position your cursor on the second beat of measure one and click in the next 6 notes. Use the image to the right as a guide. If you miss and click the wrong line or space, use the up and down arrows to move the note to the correct staff position. Notice you can use the left and right arrows to move selection from left to right. Finish entering measures 3 through 5 shown to the right. If you enter the wrong note duration, simply hold down the Alt key (Option key on Mac), and press the correct duration key in the number keypad to edit the note you just entered. (Remember, 4=eighth note and 5=quarter note). If you ever make a mistake, you can also use the Eraser in the Simple Entry Palette to remove items in the score. Click the Eraser Tool, and then click a notehead to remove the note. Click above or below a chord to remove the whole chord. Click on an accidental, tuplet, tie or dot to remove it. Now, although it would be fast to simply click in measure 6, lets use the Mass Edit Tool to copy and paste measure 5 to a couple other measures that require identical notation. Click the Mass Edit Tool l. Click measure 5 in the top staff. The measure is now highlighted. Youve just selected it, or told Finale that this is the measure you intend to manipulate. If you make a mistake, click on the Edit Menu and choose Undo. Or, hold down the Ctrl ! (Mac: Command a) key and press Z.
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Drag the measure so it is superimposed on measure 6 (the first measure in the second system). A dotted outline of the selected measure moves with the cursor, showing exactly where Finale will copy the music.
Release the mouse button. The program asks you how many times youd like measure 5 copied. Since youre only copying it to measure 6, the default (proposed) value of 1 in the Copy Measures dialog box is what you want. Click the OK button. Instead of clicking OK, you could press the j key; in Finale, pressing j is the same as clicking the OK button. Voila! Youve just copied the music from measure 5 into measure 6. Of course, this is only the most basic example of the power of copying and pasting. Click measure 6 so it is highlighted. Instead of dragging, you can also use a keyboard shortcut to copy and paste this measure anywhere in your score. Windows users hold down the Ctrl key, Mac users, Option, and click measure 13, top staff. Then click OK. The quarter notes appear in measure 13. This method is particularly useful for copying music to measures on a different page. Now, lets use the Simple Entry Caret to type in some notes. Click the Simple Entry Tool 4 again. Hold down the Ctrl key (Mac users, the Option key), and click the second quarter note in measure 6. The note changes color indicating it is now selected.
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Press the right arrow key h to invoke the Caret on beat 1 of measure 7. The same principals used for clicking also apply to typing. First select the duration using the numeric keypad, then specify the pitch, this time using the arrow and letter keys. Press the 4 key in the numeric keypad. The note on the caret changes to indicate the duration just like the mouse cursor. You should now see an eighth note on the second space A, beat 1 of measure 7. Press Enter j. Finale enters an eighth note on the pitch specified. The caret moves to the and of beat 1. The Enter key enters the note displayed on the caret. Press the Up arrow. The note on the caret moves up to middle line B. Press Enter j again. Another eighth note appears. You could continue to enter the remaining notes using the arrow keys to specify the pitch, but there is a faster way - just type the note letter. Type A, F, and then D. Finale enters the next three notes. We need to change the D to a quarter note, so well do that next. Windows users, hold down Alt, Mac users, Option, and press 5 in the number keypad. The D at the beginning of measure 8 changes to a quarter note. Notice the duration of the caret remains the same, so you can easily continue entering eighth notes. Complete entering measures 8, 9, and 10. Use the letter keys to enter the G, F, G, A, and B. Then, change the B to a quarter note by holding down Alt/Option and pressing 5. Then enter the two As. When you are done the last note of measure 10 should be selected. Now, lets explore some other Simple Entry functions - say we want to enter an eighth rest. You can also press the R key to change a selected note to a rest.
Press Tab. Finale adds an eighth rest. The Tab key adds a rest of the duration currently chosen in the Simple Palette. Press Delete. The rest disappears and the previous note is selected. Now, lets add an articulation to this note. Press the * key in the numeric keypad. A dialog box appears that notes you are now in articulation mode. Type A. An accent appears on the note. In articulation mode, the A key is assigned to the accent marking. (These keystrokes are called Metatools which youll learn more about in chapter 3). You could also click Select to choose from a list of articulations. You can add expressions the same way. Simply press the X key instead of *.
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Hold down ! (Mac: a) and type Z to undo. The articulation disappears. Now, notice the 10th measure of Simple Gifts has the same rhythm as the 11th and 12th measure. This is a good opportunity to demonstrate how copying music and repitching a melody can save time. Youll learn more about how to enter articulations, and edit them, in chapter 3.
For the following well use the Mass Edit Tool again. Youll always use the Mass Edit Tool for copying, moving, and erasing music. Click the Mass Edit Tool l. Click measure 10 of the top staff. The measure is now highlighted. Drag measure 10 to the right over measure 11, and release the mouse button. The Copy Measures dialog box appears. The program asks you how many times youd like measure 10 copied. Since measures 11 and 12 are the same rhythm, well enter 2 to duplicate measure 10 in the next two consecutive measures. Enter 2 and click the OK button. Instead of clicking OK, you could press the j key; in Finale, pressing j is the same as clicking the OK button. Click the Simple Entry Tool 4. Now that weve got the right rhythms, lets repitch measures 11 and 12 accordingly. Click the Repitch Tool in the Simple Entry Palette. The Repitch Tool allows you to quickly change pitches of existing notes. Click the first note in measure 11. The middle space B is now selected. Type the pitches (B, B, C, D, C, B) to complete measures 11 and 12. If you are using a MIDI Keyboard, note that you can also simply play the pitches. You will learn more about MIDI input soon. Windows users, hold down Ctrl, Mac users, Command, and press the down arrow. Selection moves to the bottom staff. Hold down Ctrl/Command and press the down arrow again to select the lowest note of the chord. Press the right arrow. Selection moves to the next measure in the bottom staff. Using the arrow keys, you can navigate to any note in your score.
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Click the second quarter note in measure 13. Then, press 5 in the numeric keypad, and then press the right arrow. The caret appears on the first beat of measure 14. If you have a MIDI device, such as a MIDI keyboard, you can use it to easily specify pitches in Simple Entry. (If you do not have a MIDI device, skip to the step marked [Non-MIDI users]). First, ensure your MIDI device is properly configured with your computer (See earlier chapters INSTALLATION FOR WINDOWS or INSTALLATION FOR MAC (depending on the platform you are using) for information on setting up a MIDI device). Then continue with the following steps. From the Simple Menu, ensure Use MIDI Device for Input is checked. If it is not, select it from the menu. On your MIDI device, play B4 (B above middle C). Finale adds a B to the measure and the caret advances to the right. A note played on the MIDI device is the same as pressing Enter or a note letter on your computer keyboard. Simply choose the duration on the number keypad and then play the pitch to continue entering. Press 4 in the numeric keypad and then play B and A. Then press 5, and play G twice. Then press 6 and play G once more to complete the phrase. In the future, note that you can play multiple notes simultaneously to specify a chord. Also note that Finale adds any accidentals accordingly. Feel free to use a MIDI keyboard to specify pitches in place of your computer keyboard or mouse for the remainder of this tutorial. If you just used your MIDI device to complete the phrase, skip the next step. [Non-MIDI users] Type B, 4, B, and A. Then type 5, G, G, 6, G to complete the phrase. Remember to use the numeric keypad for the duration numbers.
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Congratulations! Youve completed your first Finale melody.
1 # 2 & 4
Piano
?# 2 4
# & ?#
10
11
12
&
13
14
15
16
?#
You can use additional Simple Entry keyboard shortcuts to add ties, grace notes, articulations, and even clef, key and time signature changes. See SIMPLE ENTRY in the User Manual for detailed info. Also, while using Simple Entry, right-click (Mac c-click) a note or rest to invoke a context menu which allows you to hide the note, change it to a rest and make other changes. Or, from the Simple Menu, choose Simple Edit Commands to see a list of options. Each of these commands can also be applied with a keyboard shortcut. In addition to using the list of keyboard shortcuts under the Simple Menu, you can also refer to your Quick Reference Guide.
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As we mentioned earlier, you can adjust the behavior of Simple Entry by changing items available under the Simple Menu. such as: Check for Extra Notes, Fill with Rests and Select Notes on Entry at End of Measure, and Playback Notes on Entry. To view these settings from the Simple Menu, choose Simple Entry Options. The Simple Entry Options dialog box appears as pictured here. When Check for Extra Notes is selected (this command is selected by default), Finale will consult the time signature and not allow you to inadvertently enter extra notes in a given measure. Fill with Rests will add enough rests to fill the measure if you leave the measure and start entering notes in another measure. When Select Notes on Mouse Entry is checked, you can immediately use keyboard shortcuts to change the note you just entered after click. For more info regarding these options, see SIMPLE ENTRY OPTIONS in the User Manual.
ACCIDENTALS
Lets add some blues to our melody line to illustrate how to add accidentals. If using the mouse or the Caret, you can specify an accidental by choosing both a duration tool and an accidental tool prior to entering the note. You can also specify accidentals as you enter notes by using keystrokes to apply a sharp (+ key) or flat (- key) to the note you just entered. By selecting an accidental tool exclusively, you can click to add accidentals to any note in the score. The Sharp Tool m and the Flat Tool o add a sharp or flat to the note, if needed by the key signature. If you use the Half Step Up Tool or the Half Step Down Tool , youll raise or lower the note. If the note is already sharp, raising the note will add a double-sharp.
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Click the Mass Edit Tool. First, well clear a measure to show how to enter accidentals while entering notes. Click measure 9 in the top staff so it is highlighted, and then press $ (Mac: o). This method clears all entries in the selected region. Click the Simple Entry Tool 4. Click the Eighth Note Tool 4, or press numpad 4, and then enter a second line G at the beginning of measure 9. An eighth note appears in measure nine. Press numpad + (plus). Finale adds a sharp to the note.

Press numpad - (minus) twice. The note is now flat. Finale alters the pitch of the note chromatically with each keystroke. You can also use the Sharp m and flat o tools in the Simple Entry Palette to specify an accidental before entering a note. Click the Flat Tool o in the Simple Entry Palette. Now both the eighth note and the flat are selected in the Simple Entry Palette. Press the right arrow h key to activate the caret. Type F. Finale places an F flat on the staff. Notice an F flat is actually a whole step down from the diatonic because we are in the key of G. In this way, the Flat Tool is said to be absolute - not relative to the key signature. Double-click the eighth Note Tool 4 (or press numpad 4 twice) to deselect all other tools. Finish entering the measure by typing G, and then A. Notice Finale does not add a natural on the G. Thats because Simple Entrys accidentals are smart. In other words, they apply through the remainder of the measure. Of course, you can always add or remove accidentals manually where needed to override a smart accidental.Now, lets use the mouse to edit existing notes. Double-click on the Flat Tool o. Only the Flat Tool is selected. On the last note of measure 9 in the top staff, click on the A. An A flat appears next to the quarter note. Click on the Half Step Down Tool . Click the A again. A double-flat appears next to the A. The Half Step Up/Down Tools are relative - they increment the pitch up or down a half step with each click. When you selected the Half Step Down Tool, the Flat Tool automatically deselected. You can only have one accidental tool selected at one time. Lets try a sharp now. Click on the Sharp Tool m. Click the first note of measure 9 (G flat). A sharp appears next to the note. Also notice Finale automatically places a flat on the second G flat because it is no longer implied by the first. Because this melody probably wouldnt sound too great, well remove the sharp and the double-flat. Click on the Eraser Tool . Click the Sharp and the double-flat to remove them. These items disappear as you click.
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CHORDS
Building chords is a snap with Simple Entry. To add notes with the mouse, just select the same duration icon as the note already entered, then move the cursor above or below a note. Notice vertical lines appear above and below the note as shown to the right. This indicator tells you that a click will add a note to the chord. While entering with the Simple Entry Caret, simply press the number that corresponds to the interval above or below the selected note to add it to the chord. Lets try entering and adding chords to the left hand. Click the Mass Edit Tool. First, well clear a measure to use for this example. Click and drag over measures 7 and 8 in the bottom staff so they are highlighted, and then press $ (Mac: o). Click the Simple Entry Tool 4, and double-click the Quarter Note Tool 5. In measure 7, click on the A (top line) in the left hand. Move the cursor down a third to the F line and click. Now, click the middle line D. A chord with D, F and A are added to the measure. Press j to activate the caret. The caret appears. Type D to enter a D on beat 2. Now, you can type an interval to add additional notes in a chord. Type 4 on the number row above the QWERTY keyboard. Finale adds a note of the same duration a fourth above the D (G). Notice the G is now selected. To add another note a third above G, you would type 3. You can also add notes to a chord using note names. Hold down d and press E. Finale places an E in the chord. Note holding down d and pressing 3 would have also added the E. Finale automatically moves the D notehead, as an interval of a second, to the left of the stem. Now, the caret should appear at the beginning of measure 8 on the bottom staff. If you are using a MIDI device, play the triad D3, F3 and A3 simultaneously to enter the next chord, then play C3, F3, and A3 to finish the measure. You can play up to 12 notes at once to add a chord. While entering chords, hold down d and type an interval to add notes lower than the selected pitch.
If you are not using a MIDI device, type the following (use the number row for numbers): D, 3, 3. Then C, 4, and 3 to complete the measure.
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TUPLETS
Tuplets are any irregular grouping, including triplets, quintuplets, and so on. Well cover tuplets briefly here; see TUPLETS in Tutorial 1b for a more in depth lesson. Lets enter a triplet to the second beat of measure 7, and then learn how to change existing entries to a triplet. Click on the Eraser Tool , then click on the last two notes in measure 7 in the top staff. First, well place the caret in the staff as if we were entering this music for the first time. Hold down ! (Mac: b) and click the middle line B in measure 7. The note is selected. Press j. The Caret appears on beat 2. Type numpad 4 and then A to add the first eighth note. Press numpad 9 (or QWERTY 9) to begin a triplet. Finale adds a triplet bracket and automatically fills out the triplet with rests as shown in the image to the right. The note you just entered is the first note of the triplet. Now, you can type the letter names to fill the triplet with notes. Type F and E to complete the triplet. The cursor advances to the next measure. You can also use the mouse to change an existing note to a triplet. To click a tuplet onto the staff with your mouse, choose the rhythmic duration and the tuplet tool in the Simple Palette, and click to create the tuplet. Then, simply click the rests to fill in the tuplet. Finale will ignore attempts to create a nested tuplet with the Simple Tuplet Tool. If you want nested tuplets, ratios or other fancy tuplets, see the TUPLET TOOL in the User Manual. Now, well change the first three eighth notes in measure 2 to a triplet. Double-click the Tuplet Tool ] on the Simple Entry Palette. Only the Tuplet ] icon should be highlighted in the Simple Palette. Click the first beat on the top staff, measure 2. The existing eighth notes are now enclosed in a triplet bracket. To enter more advanced tuplets, hold down @ (Mac: b) and press numpad 9 when using the caret. Or, hold down d and click the score. The Simple Entry tuplet Definition dialog box appears where you can specify more advanced tuplets such as quintuplets, septuplets and the like. See SIMPLE ENTRY TUPLET DEFINITION DIALOG BOX in the User Manual for details.
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CHANGING THE KEY SIGNATURE, TIME SIGNATURE, AND CLEF
While entering with Simple Entry, you can use keyboard shortcuts to change the key and meter. Hold down ! (Mac: b) and click on any note in measure 1. For this example, well select a note with the mouse. In the future, you can use this method at any time while entering with the Simple Entry Caret, or whenever a note is selected in the score. The key and time signature change appears at the beginning of the measure you are editing (unless specified otherwise in the Key or Time Signature dialog box). Clef changes appear at the position of the caret, or to the left of a selected note. Hold down @ (Mac: b) and press K. A Waiting for input message appears that tells you Finale is ready to enter a key change. Click Select. The Key Signature dialog box appears. On the scroll bar to the right of the key signature display, click the up arrow twice. Well change the key signature to G major. Click OK. The key change appears at the beginning of the first measure. Youll learn more about the Key Signature dialog box in chapter 2. Now lets say we want to change the time signature. Hold down @ (Mac: b) and press T. Click Select. The Time Signature dialog box appears. Here, you can change the number of beats and beat duration using the arrows on the right. For now, leave the time signature set to common time. Youll learn more about this dialog box in chapter 2. Click OK. Now, lets say we want to change the clef. Hold down @ (Mac: b) and press C. Click Select. The Change Clef dialog box appears. Select a new clef and click OK. You return to the score. Finale creates a mid-measure clef unless the Caret is placed at the beginning of a measure or the first note of a measure is highlighted; in which case the clef change will appear at the beginning of the measure (just to the left of the barline). Youll learn more about clef changes in chapter 1c and 5. Youll learn more about key signature, time signature, and clef changes in chapter 2.
Note that when you see the Waiting for Input message, you can also use a metatool to quickly enter a key clef or time change. See METATOOLS in the Keycuts chapter of the User Manual for information on assigning metatools.
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ADDING MEASURES
Although this tutorial has the right number of measures, there will undoubtedly come a time when you need to add more. This can be done in several ways. First of all, if you are using the Simple Entry Caret, Finale will automatically add a measure when you fill the last measure of the score. Therefore, you can simply continue entering notes and Finale will create the measures for you. You can also use the Measure Tool z to add measures at any time. To do this, click the Measure Tool, and from the Measure Menu, choose Add (or, !-click (Mac: b-click) the Measure Tool). In the Add Measures dialog box that appears, type in the number of measures to be added, and click OK. To add a single measure, just double-click the Measure Tool. Note that as you add measures, the final barline will move to the last measure of the score. To delete measures, click on the Mass Edit Tool, select the measure, then press the Delete k.
CHANGING VIEWS
Before going on, you should get accustomed to moving around your score. Finale offers you the choice of three views of your music. So far, you've been working in Page View, where you see the music laid out like a page of sheet music. Finale also offers Scroll View, and Studio View where the music is displayed as a continuous horizontal band. Most of Finale's tools work equally well in any view, although you'll find that the computer redraws the screen faster in Scroll/Studio View. For now well focus on Scroll View.( Youll learn more about Studio View in chapter 6.) From the View Menu, choose Scroll View. Finale redraws the screen to show you the music laid out in a horizontal band. As you can see, the name of the piece has disappeared. Names, page numbers, and other page-oriented text are visible only in Page View. You'll also notice that the Page counter you saw in Page View has been replaced by the Measure counter, indicating the number of the leftmost measure currently visible. Click the scroll box (the small square box) in the horizontal scroll bar (and hold the mouse button down). Watch the Measure counter in the lower-left corner of the window. As you slide the scroll box left or right, this counter changes, telling you the number of the measure youll see if you let go of the mouse button. Drag the mouse all the way to the left, until the Measure counter says 1. Release the mouse button. Youre back at the beginning of the score. Note that the scroll box in the horizontal scroll bar represents your position:
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The scroll box tells you whether you are at the beginning... ...the middle... ...or the end of the score.
If you click to the right of the scroll box, Finale moves your view of the music to the right by one screenful; if you click to the left, your view shifts to the left. You can also advance one measure at a time by clicking the right and left arrows. Depending on your monitor, you might not be able to see very much of the music right now. It might help if you zoomed out by selecting a smaller view size. From the View Menu point to Scale View to and select 75%. The screen picture redraws at 75% of its original size. You havent actually reduced the printed size of the music. Youve simply changed the way its displayed on the screen. The music will still print at full size. Now you have a good overview of your piece. In certain cases youll need the music to be large enough for you to maneuver with precision. Finale lets you have your cake and eat it tooyou can actually open up a second window that displays the same document. In this second window, you can zoom in, zoom out, switch from Page View to Scroll View, and so on, without disturbing your view in the original window. Try this: From the Window Menu, choose New Window. A new window appears, also containing your Frre Jacques document. To switch between the two windows, hit Control-Tab (Win only) or select the desired window from the Window Menu. Its easy, but it would be nice to see the contents of both windows at once. From the Window Menu, choose Tile Horizontally (Mac: Tile Windows). Finale places the new window above the first one, and resizes both to fit your screen. Remember, these arent two different copies of your masterpiecetheyre two independent views of the same piece. The title bar in the upper window is highlighted, indicating that it is the active window. Using the commands in the View Menu, you can zoom in, zoom out, change from Page View to Scroll View, and so onbut all of these view changes will only
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affect the active window. You can even use the Zoom Tool b to zoom in on a particular spot. From the View Menu, choose Scale View, then choose 200%. Now you have two windows one at double size, and the other window at a reduced view. Lets say the active window contains the view you really want to work on, and youd like it to fill your screenbut you still want access to the other window. From the Window Menu, choose Cascade (Mac: Stack Windows). Finale arranges the windows so that the active window dominates the screen, but you can still see the back window around the edges; a click will bring it to the front. You can open as many windows as you want. In fact, they dont have to be windows on the same documentyou can open multiple documents, too, each in its own window and with its own independent degree of magnification.
SAVING YOUR WORK

When you opened this document, the computer transferred the song from the hard disk into its memory; at this moment, all the changes youve made to Simple Gifts exist only on the screen. If someone trips on the computers power cord at this moment, all of your work will be lost, and youll be left with the original, incomplete Tutorial 1a document. For this reason, its a good idea to save your work back onto the disk at regular intervalsperhaps every 15 minutes or so. To save your work on the disk: From the File Menu, choose Save or press !-S (Mac: a-S). Your changes have now been saved on the hard disk. (You still have a fresh, untouched copy of this document, however; its on your original Finale disc.) If youre afraid you might forget to save your work and run the risk of losing some of your changes in the event of a power or system failure, consider using Finales automatic backup feature. See the User Manual under PROGRAM OPTIONS-SAVE
WHEN YOURE READY TO CONTINUE

From the File Menu, choose Close to close the active document, and all open windows on that document. Or, choose Close All (Mac: b-Close) to close all open documents. If you havent saved your
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work, Finale lets you know, and gives you the option of saving the changes or leaving the document as it was when it was last saved. A diagram showing which keys correspond to which rhythmic values or commands appears on your Quick Reference Guide. If you want to take time out for some experimentation before proceeding to Tutorial 1b, choose Default Document from the New submenu of the File Menu. Finale will open a new Untitled document. If youre ready to move on, go right ahead to the next tutorial. If youve had enough for one lesson, choose Exit (Mac: Quit) from the File Menu.
FOR MORE INFORMATION

Some of the entries in the User Manual contain discussions of topics youve just covered. See, for example: ACCIDENTALS COPYING MUSIC PAGE VIEW SAVE (FILE MENU) SCROLL VIEW SELECTING MUSIC SIMPLE ENTRY TUPLET TOOL ZOOM TOOL TABLATURE
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Tutorial 1b: Speedy Entry

In addition to Simple Entry, Speedy Entry offers another fast and efficient method of music entry. This tool is particularly useful if you plan to use a MIDI device for input. You can enter music very quickly, with one hand on a MIDI keyboard and the other on the numeric keypad, or using the MIDI device exclusively. You can also edit existing music with equal ease. In this tutorial, youll explore the Speedy Entry Tool in depth, and youll get to know some more of Finales MIDI input and playback capabilities. We assume youve already read about basic navigation of the Finale screen in Tutorial 1a: Simple Entry. By the end of this tutorial, you should know how to get your notes on the page quickly with the Speedy Entry method.
A WORD ABOUT MIDI

MIDI (for Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is an electronic language spoken by computers and MIDI devices. Most MIDI devices are keyboards, but there are also guitar, string, wind, percussion, and even voice MIDI controllers. As mentioned earlier, the term MIDI keyboard will be used to refer to whatever MIDI device youre using. If you need help hooking up your MIDI device, look at the section called SETTING UP YOUR MIDI SYSTEM in the INSTALLATION CHAPTERS earlier in this book. If you begin this tutorial and find that your MIDI keyboard isnt operating correctly, you may want to consult the User Manual under MIDI SETUP DIALOG BOX. Remember, a MIDI keyboard isnt required for Speedy Entry.
CREATING A NEW DOCUMENT FROM A TEMPLATE

Finale comes with over 30 different kinds of templates (piano-vocal scores, choral setups, chamber orchestra scores and so on) to help you get started. Not sure how to set up your score for a shape note hymnal? Just use the template weve provided. Not sure what size to make your concert band score so all of the instruments fit vertically on a page? Use the template. Occasionally write a pop lead sheet that doesnt use classical formatting? Use the Lead Sheet template. If you find you use a particular template every single time, you may wish to make it your default file the template the Setup Wizard uses. Well start this tutorial with the Lead Sheet template and create an arrangement of the folk song Oh, Susannah. If you havent already started Finale, do so now. Close any documents that may be open or cancel out of the Wizard. From the File Menu, choose New, then select Document from Template.
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In the Templates folder, double-click on General Templates, then scroll down and select Lead Sheet. Click Open. Finale will open a new, Untitled file with one staff and thirty-one empty measures.
SPEEDY ENTRY
Click the Speedy Entry Tool a. Another menu appearsthe Speedy Menuwhose commands govern the behavior of this tool. Just to check, hold the mouse button down on the word Speedy so that the menu drops down, and make sure that theres a check mark beside Use MIDI Device for Input. If youre not using a MIDI keyboard, make sure Use MIDI Device for input is unchecked in the Speedy Menu.
If youre ever stranded without a MIDI keyboard, there are two ways in which you can enter music with the Speedy Entry Tool when the Use MIDI Keyboard for Input option is turned off. See the User Manual under SPEEDY ENTRY for details. If Auto Launch is turned on, the measure sprouts a rectangular frame. If not, click on the first measure. In the frame, youll see a thin vertical cursor at the left side of it, called the insertion bar. Theres also a short horizontal cursor called the pitch crossbar, which indicates pitch. In the upper-left corner of the frame, youll see a tiny V1, telling you that Finales ready for you to enter Voice 1. (If you needed to create multiple voices, stems up and stems down, Finale would call them Voice 1 and Voice 2. It is more likely, however, that you would use Finales four transparent layers.)
Pitch Crossbar
?
Insertion bar
Editing Frame
Use the up/down arrow keys to move the pitch crossbar, and the left/right arrow keys to move the insertion bar.
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V1
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Play middle C on your MIDI keyboard. While holding down the key, press the 5 key on your computer keyboard. If your MIDI system is hooked up correctly, a middle C quarter note appears. If your MIDI keyboard is not sending correctly to the computer, youll see a quarter rest; in which case, see SETTING UP YOUR MIDI SYSTEM in the INSTALLATION CHAPTERS earlier in this book. To remove the rest, click it and press k. To use Speedy Entry without a MIDI keyboard, use the arrow keys to place the insertion bar on the pitch, then press the duration number key.
Why did you press 5? The number keys, both on the numeric keypad and on the top row of the alphabet keyboard, have special meanings to Finale. (Be sure to press the Num Lock key if youre using the numeric keypad.) In Finale, 5 means a quarter note. Take a look at these diagrams:
Windows Speedy Entry Keypad Commands

1
j q
j q
j q
With Caps Lock: Hands-free MIDI input 4
With Ctrl: 128th note 6 7
9 Flip enharmonic
Exit/ Reenter measure
With Ctrl: DefineTuplet
With Ctrl: Begin Tuplet
With Ctrl: Flip enharmonic through measure Num Lock off ** Num Lock / Break/join beam to previous note 8 Up a step With Shift: Up a staff 4 Previous note With Shift: Previous measure 1 5 * Show/hide accidental Freeze/ unfreeze rest 9 Flip enharmonic With Ctrl: Freeze/unfreeze accidental Half step decrease With Ctrl: Continue accidental through measure
With Ctrl: Ties to previous note ` Slash Grace note flag = Tie/untie to next note BackSpace Remove note from chord Change note to rest \ Flat Beam
R Change note to rest F Add Flat With Ctrl: Flip Tie
O Hide/show note or rest
P Add or remove accidental ( )s ; Grace note
[ Previous measure
] Next measure
+ Half step increase
L Flip stem With Ctrl: Unfreeze stem .
' Voice 1/2 With Shift: Next layer
Enter Add note to chord Change rest to note
6 Next note With Shift: Next measure 3 Enter
With Ctrl-Shift: Restores tie to automatic setting
Add dot
/ Break/join beam to previous note
Shift With a number (1-8): Insert note (or rest w/MIDI) Constrain dragging Ctrl With Shift and a number (1-8): Enter rest
2 Down a step With Shift: Down a staff
With Ctrl: Flip enharmonic through measure With Ctrl: Start/End of measure
Add note to chord . Add dot Del Change rest to note
0 With Shift: Insert mode
**If you turn Num Lock on, you can use the numbers on the keypad for note durations instead.
With Shift: Remove note, rest or chord
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Macintosh Speedy Entry Keypad Commands
SPEEDY ENTRY KEYBOARD COMMANDS
Remove note from chord Change single note to rest Slash Grace note flag delete (backspace) Remove note, rest, or chord O Hide/show note or rest P Add or remove accidental ( )s ; Grace note [ Previous measure ] Next measure \ Flat beam clear With Option: Tie/ untie previous note = Tie/untie to next note / Break/join beam to previous note 9 Flip enharmonic With Option: Freeze/unfreeze accidental * Show/hide accidental
R Change note to rest
w e j q
W q j q
+ Half step increase
F Flat With Command: Flip tie direction
L Flip stem With Option: Unfreeze stem
' Voice 1/2
return Down a staff With Shift: Up a staff
With Caps Lock: hands-free MIDI input
With +/-: Continue accidental through measure With 9: Flip enharmonic through measure option
With Opt and number: Enter rest
shift Insert note (or rest w/MIDI) Constrain dragging
h j q
Half step decrease
enter
Previous note
Next note
Up a step
Add note to chord Change rest to note
With a number (1-8): Begin tuplet
Since the MIDI keyboard is providing Finale with the pitch information, all you have to do to provide the rhythmic information is press the proper number key. If youre holding down a MIDI keyboard key when you press a number key, you get a note. If no MIDI keyboard key is being held down when you press a number key, you get a rest. Hold down the D key on your MIDI keyboard and press the 5 key again; then E (and press 5); then F (and press 5). Youve just built the first four notes of a C scale. Before you could really see what youd done, however, Finale advanced the editing frame to the next measure, ready for you to play more notes. Note that entry with a MIDI device using Speedy Entry is in a way opposite from using a MIDI device with Simple Entry. In Simple Entry, the note duration is specified in the Simple Entry Palette before playing the pitches. In Speedy Entry, the pitches are held down prior to specifying the rhythmic duration. To lock Speedy Entry to a duration (like in Simple), see the User Manual under SPEEDY ENTRYTO ENTER MANY NOTES OF THE SAME VALUE. You can turn off this auto-advance feature, which advances to the next measure as soon as the first one is rhythmically full: Press the zero (0) key to exit the editing frame, or click the mouse on any blank part of the screen. The editing frame goes away.
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0 Down a step
. Exit measure and redraw Reenter measure Add dot
With Option: 128th note

From the Speedy Menu, choose Jump to Next Measure. If you click the Speedy Menu again, youll see that Jump to Next Measure no longer has a check mark in the Speedy Menu; youve just turned the auto-advance feature off. Press the zero key again. The 0 key also takes you back into the editing frame you were last in. Now that youve turned the Jump to Next Measure feature off, how will you move from measure to measure? Press the left bracket ( [ ) key on your keyboard. Finale moves you back to the first measure. The left and right bracket keys move the current editing frame one measure to the left or right, respectively. Now press the left arrow and right arrow keys on the keyboard a few times. The insertion bar moves by one note or rest each time you press the right or left arrow key. You can also move the insertion bar by clicking a note with the mouse.
EDITING WITH SPEEDY ENTRY

Position the insertion bar on the first note (middle C) and press the 4 key. In Finale, 4 means an eighth note, so your middle C quarter note has just changed duration (rhythmic value). In Finale, if you enter a rhythm incorrectly, theres no need to delete the note and reenter it; simply line up the insertion bar with the note and press the desired duration key. Whenever you change a notes duration (or enter a new note), the insertion bar moves to the right, ready for you to enter a new note or rest (or to change the rhythmic value of an existing note). Press the 4 key three more times. Youve now changed all four notes in this measure to eighth notes. Theyre automatically beamed.
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V1
Position the mouse pointer squarely on the last notes notehead. Click and drag this F to the F line an octave higher. In Speedy Entry, you can move notes to other pitches by dragging them in this way. (If your MIDI keyboard is connected properly, Finale plays the note each time it changes pitch. This feature can be disabled by deselecting Playback from the Speedy Menu.)
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Click squarely on the high Fs notehead. With the button down, drag it slightly to the right or left. The Speedy Entry Tool gives you complete controlnot only of a notes pitch, but also of its position in the measure. If you want to drag a note only horizontally (so that you cant drag it off of its pitch), or only vertically (so that you cant drag it left or right), press the d key while youre dragging.
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Move the insertion bar to the third note in the measure (the E). Remember, you move the insertion bar by pressing the arrow keys or by clicking a note. Press k. Pressing the k key removes a note, rest, or chord from the score. But what if you delete a note by accident? Any time youre working with the Speedy Entry Tool, remember that you can undo your last action by choosing Undo from the Edit Menu. From the Edit Menu, choose Undo (or press !-Z) (Mac: a-Z). The note you deleted reappears. To prepare for the next exercise, change all four notes back to quarter notes: Move the insertion bar back to the middle C, and press the 5 key four times.
WORKING WITH CHORDS

Position the insertion bar on the F, and use the up/down arrows to move the crossbar to the third-space C. Press j. There are now two notes in the chord. Using the four directional arrows, you can maneuver anywhere in a measure, and using the j key, you can add a note to an existing note or chord. (If the insertion bar is on a rest, j turns the rest into a note.)
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Try moving the crossbar up and down the notes of this chord. If you hold down the up arrow key long enough, Finale will add so many ledger lines that the measure youre working on scrolls downward (or upward, if youre pressing the down arrow key). Double-click the second-space A of the same chord. Double-clicking is another way to add a note to a chord.
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Use the up arrow key to position the crossbar squarely on the top notehead (F) of the chord. Press $(Mac: o). The $ (o) key is the opposite of j: it removes a note from a chord. (If theres only one note in the chord, this keystroke turns it into a rest.)
ACCIDENTALS
Position the crossbar on the C of this chord. Press the plus (+) key on the number keypad. The note sprouts a sharp. The plus key raises the note by a half step. Position the crossbar on the A and press the minus () key. You guessed it: the minus key lowers the note by a half step.
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# b
Move the crossbar down away from the two notes. Press the 9 key several times. If the crossbar is on a chords stem and not on a notehead, pressing the 9 key cycles a chord through various enharmonic spellings. For the moment, cycle through until the lower note is an Af. In the next step, youll hide the accidental.
Leave the crossbar on the Af and press the 9 key. The spelling of the note changes to Gs.
But what if you decide that a note has been spelled wrong enharmonically? You can always flip a note to its enharmonic equivalent by using the 9 key.
Position the crossbar on the Af. Press the asterisk (*) key. Youll usually want to use the asterisk key on the numeric keypad. If you prefer, however, you can press d-8 (the main keyboard asterisk) instead. Pressing the asterisk key hides an accidentalor, if none is there, it causes an accidental to appear. The note retains its identitythe note that now looks like an A will still play back as an Af. To restore the accidental, press the asterisk key again.
Finale can even put an accidental in parenthesessimply press the letter p key. See the User Manual under COURTESY ACCIDENTALS.
TUPLETS
You havent explored Finales tuplet (triplets, quintuplets, and so on) features in Speedy Entry yet. Scroll to measure 2which is emptyand try the Tuplet Tool.
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Click the Speedy Entry Tool a, and click measure 2. While playing any MIDI keyboard key, press the 5 key four times. Youve just entered four quarter notes on the same pitch. If Finale doesnt automatically advance the editing frame to the next measure, press the right bracket key ( ] ). Press !-3 (Mac: b-3). You do this before entering a triplet; Finale puts a tiny 3 in the upper right of the editing frame, letting you know its expecting the next three notes to constitute a triplet. While playing any MIDI keyboard key, press the 6 key three times. As soon as the third note appears, Finale centers the 3 over the triplet. Youve just created a half-note triplet. Press the 0 (zero) key to exit the editing frame. In measure 2, you have four quarter notes; in measure 3, you have a half note triplet. You can modify each with the Tuplet Tool. Click the Tuplet Tool ] in the Main Tool Palette. Click the first quarter note in measure 2. The Tuplet Definition dialog box appears.
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At the top of the screen there are various options for defining the temporal (time) definition of the triplet. Using these drop-down lists and text boxes, youll answer the question, How many of what value are to be played in the time of how many of what value? Look at the two text boxes at the top of the Tuplet Definition dialog box. As you see, Finale has guessed that you want to fit three quarter notes in the time of twoprecisely the definition of a quarter-note triplet. In the Display section, there are drop-down lists where you can specify how the triplet should look in the score. Should it have a slur or a bracket? Should it be expressed as a ratio? For now, the default settings are fine. Click OK. Youve just turned ordinary quarter notes into a triplet by clicking the first of them with the Tuplet Tool. (You can edit the tuplet to look any way youd like.) Notice the six handles that appear. These handles control the various elements of the bracket:
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Drag this handle to independently move the bracket from the number. Drag this handle to change the angle of the bracket.
3
Drag this handle up or Drag this handle to move the down to change the length number relative to the of the hook. Drag this handle to move the entire bracket and num-
You can modify the triplet you made in Measure 3, too. Click the first note of the triplet in measure 3. The tuplet handles appear. Drag the handles until the triplet appears the way you want it to. You can create tuplets within tuplets, too. It doesnt matter whether you begin by creating the inner or outer tuplet. If you find yourself defining the same kind of tuplet over and over again in a piece, define it as a Tuplet Tool Metatool. Heres an example: Click the main handle of the triplet in measure 3 and press k. This is how you turn tuplet-defined notes back into normal notes. Now lets define a Tuplet Metatool. You can create thirty-six predefined tuplets, complete with brackets and temporal information. Start by programming a basic, straight-bracket half note triplet. While pressing d, press the 1 key (on the keys above the letters, not the numeric keypad). The Tuplet Definition dialog box appears. First you need to describe the temporal value of the triplet you want this Metatool to produce. Type 3 in the first text box. Tab to the second text box and type 2. Choose Half (s) from both duration drop-down lists. Click OK. Youve just specified that this Metatool will create a tuplet that fits three half notes in the time of two. While pressing the 1 key, click the first note in measure 3. Finale pops the fully formed tuplet bracket into the score. Now you can move quickly through a score, inserting tuplet definitions on any notes that need them without having to enter a dialog box, confident that theyll look right on the first try.
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Finally, if youre creating a piece with many tuplets, youll want to predefine their visual definition. With this shortcut, youll never have to define visual appearance again when you create a new tuplet, whether with HyperScribe or the Speedy Entry Tool; you can specify a default tuplet appearance before you ever enter the tuplets themselves. Note that the following shortcut is not the same as creating a Metatool, which turns normal notes into tuplets after theyve been entered into the score. By using the following technique, you can specify what the tuplets will look like when they first appear. !-click (Mac: double-click) the Tuplet Tool ]. Document Options-Tuplets appears. It is similar to the Tuplet Definition dialog box. If you prefer a slur to a bracket or a ratio to a number, choose different options from the drop-down lists. Click OK. Thats all there is to it. From now on, any new tuplet you create will pop into the score with your predefined settings. Try it! (Remember: to enter a triplet with the Speedy Entry Tool, press !-3 (Mac: b-3) just before you enter the notes themselves.)
Changes to the Document Options-Tuplets only affect future tuplets, not existing tuplets, in that document.
INSERTING NOTES OR RESTS

Click the Speedy Entry Tool a. Click on the first measure and position the insertion bar on the two-note chord. Remove it by pressing k. Move the insertion bar back to the middle C note again. While holding down d, press the 6 key located above the main keyboard, not on the number keypad. When you press d, you tell Finale you want to insert a note or rest just before the insertion bar. You pressed the 6 key to add a half rest6 is the keyboard equivalent of the half note value. (If you had held down a key on your MIDI keyboard while you pressed d-6, you would have inserted a note instead of a rest.) Again, to insert a note or rest, you must use the number keys located above the main keyboard, not on the numeric keypad.
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To insert rests in Speedy Entry without a MIDI keyboard, hold down d + c + the number key while in Insert mode. (Mac: b + d + the number key.)
If youre inserting a lot of notes, you can switch to the Insert mode. From the Speedy Menu, choose Insert Notes or Rests. When youre done, select Insert Notes or Rests again to deselect it.
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Your example should now look like this: The problem is that there are five beats in the measure the half rest and three quarter notes (even though you might not see the third note). With Finales rhythmicwatchdog feature (Jump to Next Measure) turned off, Finale wont notify you until you exit the editing frame.
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Press the zero key to exit the editing frame. Finale displays a dialog box that tells you that there are too many beats in the measure.
Youre offered four methods of solving the problem. You could leave the extra beats in the measure (by selecting the top option). You could tell Finale to eliminate any extra beats by removing them from the end of the measure (by clicking the second radio button). You could tell Finale to insert any extra notes that it removes from the end of this measure into the beginning of the following measure (by clicking the third radio button). Finally, you could tell Finale to rebar the music by redistributing notes throughout the staff until no measure contains more beats than are allowed by the time signature (see the User Manual under REBARRING MUSIC). Click Delete the extra notes, and then click OK. Finale eliminates the extra beatthe last E quarter noteand you exit the editing frame. In the next section, youll create a lead sheet that begins with a pickup. To complete the first measures transformation into the pickup measure, the only task remaining is to create a dotted rhythm.
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Press the zero key. You reenter the measure. Position the insertion bar on the C and press the period (.) key. Finale adds a dot to the note. If you were to continue typing periods, you could add several dots to a note or rest. Press the right arrow key, and then press the 4 key. Youve turned the last quarter note into an eighth note; the pickup measure is complete.
ENTERING MUSIC: SPEEDY ENTRY

Youve now learned the basics of using the Speedy Entry Tool with the MIDI keyboard. Youve learned how to enter notes rapidly, change their values, change their pitches, add rests, insert notes, add dots, and move around the score using the right and left bracket keys. The measure youve been working on now contains the pickup notes for Oh, Susannah. Using your knowledge of the Speedy Entry Tool, enter the next twelve measures as shown. For the moment, however, dont enter any music past measure 13. Remember the Speedy Entry keyboard commands youve learned:
Key . (period) 4 5 6 ] (right bracket) [ (left bracket) k Effect Add a dot Eighth note Quarter note Half note Go to next measure Go to previous measure Remove a note, rest, or chord
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&c . j . j j . j
&
8
&
13
& .
When you reach measure 14, you may realize that the last four bars of Oh, Susannah are exactly the same as measures 6 through 9. To save time, you can use the Mass Edit Tools copying function to complete the melody. In the first tutorial, you copied a measure of Frre Jacques by dragging one measure so that its image was superimposed on another. In some cases, however, you wont be able to drag measures to copy them, because the dragging technique only works when you can see both source and target measures on the screen at the same time. Now youll use two Finale shortcuts that can be used to copy any amount of music from one place to another, even when the source and the target are hundreds of measures apart.
SELECTING SEVERAL MEASURES BY SHIFT-CLICKING

It turns out that theres a common technique for selecting large amounts of materialin word processors, spreadsheets, and even music programs. Its called d-clicking. You can use this technique to select the four measures you want to copy. It works like this:
Click here . . . Scroll to the endpoint . . . and Shift-click here.
Everything between is selected.
Click the Mass Edit Tool l then click measure 6. While pressing d, click measure 9. Measures 6 through 9 are now selected.
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As a matter of fact, theres yet another way to select a range of measures thats especially handy for selecting large regions, because you dont have to scroll to the endpoint to dclick. Its the Select Region command in the Edit Menu. Youll read more about it in a moment.
COPYING MUSIC TO OFF-SCREEN TARGETS

Now you have to copy this music to the end of the piece. Heres another keyboard shortcut. This one, used for copying music from one place to another in Finale, works like this:
Select the source measures... Scroll... ...and Ctrl-Shift (Mac: Option-Shift) click the first of the target measures.
This music...
...gets copied here.
Youve already selected the source measures, so proceed as follows: While pressing !, click measure 14 (Mac: b, click measure 14). Thats a very useful trick to remember: !-clicking (b-clicking) the target measure is the same as dragging the image of the source measures onto the target measures. A dialog box appears, asking how many times you want the material copied. Once (the default) is enough. Click OK (or press j). Thats all there is to it! Youve entered all the music for your first lead sheet.
To copy specific items, select the measures with the Mass Edit Tool, then !
DELETING MEASURES
d click (Mac: b - d click) on the target measure to display the Items to Copy dialog box where you can choose specific items to copy.
This version of Oh, Susannah is seventeen measures long. However, you will remember that Finale provided you with thirty-one empty measures when you began this tutorial. Therefore, you now need to delete measures 18 through 31, using the Measure Tool and the Select Region command mentioned a moment ago. Click the Measure Tool z. Now adjust your view so that measure 18 is visible. Click measure 18. From the Edit Menu, choose Select Region. The Select Region dialog box appears. You can now specify any region in the score that you want to selecteven if none of it is visible on the screen at the moment. (The Beat drop-down lists even let you specify parts
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of a measure you want to include in the selection, but can only be used when Partial Measure Selection is selected in the Edit Menu.) Because you've already selected the first measure of the region you want to delete, Finale has filled in the From Measure: text box and adjusted the Staff drop-down lists correctly for you. In fact, the only number you have to change is the Through Measure: text boxthe last measure of your selected region. Tab to the Through Measure: text box. Type 31. (If you added more measures while experimenting with the Measure Tool, enter the last measure.) Click OK. Finale automatically highlights the measures you specified, even though you might not be able to see the end of the highlighted region. From the Measure Menu, select Delete. Finale computes for a moment as it deletes the extraneous measures. No doubt you created the lead sheet melody with grace and aplomb. Nonetheless, there may be times when you need to erase some of your music. Heres the quick way to do it. To return to the first measure of the piece, you could use the scroll bars. Instead, try this command: From the View Menu, choose Home Position. This command returns you to the top of the page.
ERASING MUSIC
Click the Mass Edit Tool l. Select the first two measures of the song. You can use any of the selection methods youve tried so far: clicking one measure and then d-clicking the second, or drag-enclosing both at once. Press $ (Mac: o). The measures are now empty. For the purposes of this tutorial, however, you really didnt want to erase the first two measures of the song. Fortunately, you can always recover from any Mass Edit Tool action like this one, as follows: From the Edit Menu, choose Undo. Finale restores the music.
MORE ON SPEEDY ENTRY

Combining the speed of Speedy Entry with the convenience of Mass Edit copying, as youve just done, is a quick, accurate method of entering musicespecially with practice.
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Eventually youll discover even more shortcuts: for example, to enter several repeated notes, just hold the MIDI keyboard key down continuously while you repeatedly press the rhythmicvalue keys (you dont have to restrike the MIDI keyboard key each time). As mentioned earlier, you can do the opposite, too. You can tell Finale that all the notes youre about to play are sixteenth notes, and then simply play them, as slowly as you wish, on your MIDI instrument; Finale will enter them into the score. You can press Caps Lock to activate this feature. For instructions, see the User Manual under SPEEDY ENTRYTO ENTER MANY NOTES OF THE SAME VALUE. Music only gets entered when you press a rhythmic-value key, so feel free to play your MIDI keyboard as much as you like, without fear that youll inadvertently throw notes onto the screen. Chords are a breeze, too: just hold down MIDI keyboard keys for the notes in the chord before you press the rhythmic-value key. You can drag any note of a chord up or down to change its pitch, just as you did with a single note earlier in the tutorial. If you double-click and, on the second click, hold the button down, you can drag an entire chord up and down the staff (instead of dragging one note at a time). And dont forget that you can also drag any note or chord horizontally. If you want to drag a note only vertically or only horizontally, press d while you dragyour cursor will be constrained to perfectly vertical or horizontal movements. Take another look at the Speedy Entry Keyboard Commands diagrams that appear earlier in this tutorial, and youll learn about some other features of Speedy Entry. For example, if you position the insertion bar on the second of two notes that are beamed together, pressing the slash key (/) will break the beam; pressing it again will rejoin the beam. Theres also a key that turns any note into a grace note (and back again)the semicolon (;). Pressing the t key (letter t) ties a note to the next note. !-equal (Mac: b-equal) ties a note to the previous note. You can tie all notes of a chord at once by positioning the crossbar on the chord stem, and not on any notehead. And, if youre working on a score with several staves, pressing d-down arrow (Mac: i) moves the editing frame down to the next lower staff; pressing d-up arrow (Mac: d-i) moves it back up. Finally, if you ever want to hide an entry (a note or rest), just position the insertion bar on it and press the letter h key; the entry appears lightly in the score (if Show Hidden Notes and Rests is checked under the View Menu), and will not print. Also, when you begin working with Finales four transparent staff layers (called Layer 1 through 4), you can flip through the layers by pressing d - (apostrophe) (Mac: d-down arrow or d-up arrow). Within each layer, you can have two independently-stemmed voices (called Voice 1 and Voice 2). The apostrophe () key switches between one voice and the other.
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Theres no need to learn all of these key commands now. But it might be useful for you to keep the Speedy Entry Keyboard Commands diagram handy. If you ever add too many augmentation dots, press the appropriate number key to return the note to the original duration.
PLAYBACK
Youre about to discover that your folk song masterpiece, Oh, Susannah, not only looks goodit sounds good, too. It doesnt matter which tool is currently selected. From the Window Menu, choose Playback Controls (if theyre not already on the screen). The Playback Controls appear. On Windows, the Playback Controls are docked at the top of the screen.
On the Macintosh, the Playback Controls are a floating palette, shown below:
Click the Play button 1. If your MIDI system is hooked up properly, youll hear Finale play the song. To stop playback, click either Pause 0 or Stop 8. If you dont hear anything, consult SETTING UP YOUR MIDI SYSTEM in the INSTALLATION CHAPTERS earlier in this manual. On Mac, hide the Playback Controls by clicking on the Window Menu, then select Playback Controls so that the check mark disappears. This step is not required on Windows.
If you wish to use the internal speaker on a Macintosh, select the MIDI Menu, then Internal Speaker Playback.
As youre about to find out, you dont have to use the Playback Controls to play back your score:
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Windows Users: While pressing the Space bar, click any measure. Mac users: hold down Shift, press the Space bar and click any measure. Once again, Finale plays back your score, this time beginning with the measure you clicked. Click anywhere on the screen to pause. Of course, this is only the tip of the playback iceberg. Try this funbut usefulfeature: Mac users: when the Playback Controls are visible, simply pressing the spacebar will start playback.
While pressing ! (Mac: b) and the Space bar, drag the cursor back and forth across the notes in the score. This scrubbing playback feature lets you spot-check any part of the scorea useful feature when, for example, youre entering lyrics and want to confirm your place in the music. You can play any Finale document using either this Space bar-click method or the Playback Controls. More playback features will be discussed in chapter 6: PLAYBACK.
SETTING THE INITIAL TEMPO

Finale offers a number of ways to set the tempo for a piece. For example, in Tutorial 6 youll learn how to make tempo markings such as Allegro, Presto, and ritard actually control the playback tempo. For now, though, well set the tempo the quick way. Once again, from the Window Menu, choose Playback Controls. The Playback Controls reappear. On the Macintosh, click the expander triangle on the left side of the playback controls. The dialog box expands to reveal more options. Double-click the Tempo text box, and type 200. You can also click the small up and down arrow buttons to increase or decrease the number in the Tempo text box. If you want the tempo to be measured in half notes per minuteor any other rhythmic unitchoose the value you want from the Tempo drop-down list. Click the Play button. Finale plays your song back at a more sprightly tempo. When youre through listening, click on the File Menu and choose Save. Its always a good idea to save your work at the end of a session. If you wish, open the file Tutorial 1b and compare your results to our version.

If youve had enough for one session, choose Exit (Mac: Quit) from the File Menu. If you want to continue to the next tutorial, close the file, saving changes if you wish.
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The next tutorial will introduce you to the HyperScribe method of entry where Finale will notate as you play in real time.

Some of the entries in the User Manual contain discussions of topics youve just covered. See, for example: ACCIDENTALS CHORDS COPYING MUSIC COURTESY ACCIDENTALS DOTTED NOTES ERASING MEASURES PLAYBACK SPEEDY ENTRY
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Tutorial 1c: HyperScribe - Notate As You Play

So far, youve explored ways of entering music into Finale note-by-note. Simple Entry is useful for working without a MIDI keyboard, and Speedy Entry makes good use of the MIDI keyboard with the computer keyboard for extra speed. One of Finales most useful features, however, is its ability to record and transcribe a live performance in real time. To do this youll be using the HyperScribe Tool, which notates your performance almost as fast as you can play it. By the end of this tutorial, you should be able to get notes on the page by playing on your MIDI keyboard, a method Finale calls HyperScribe. If you dont have a MIDI keyboard or microphone, skip ahead to Tutorial 2.
INTRODUCTION TO HYPERSCRIBE
Each time you play a note on your MIDI keyboard, the computer receives certain information via the MIDI cable: which key you struck, how hard you hit it, and how long you held it down. But to convert your performance to standard notation, the computer needs to know how each notes duration relates to the beat and the measure. In the past, music programs solved the where-does-the-note-fall-relative-to-the-beat question by producing a metronome click while you play. In other words, the computer itself provided a point of reference, forcing you to align your playing with the computers beat. Finale offers this option, but also introduces a novel concept: let the musician provide the click. The computer gets what it needs to transcribe the musica reference point for each beatand the musician gets what he or she wantsthe freedom to speed up or slow down while playing. Whats more, Finale lets you decide what youre tapping to provide this tempo reference; if youre playing a single-line melody, you might tap along on a very high or low key on your MIDI keyboard. For two-handed performances, youll probably choose to tap your foot on a pedal. But any MIDI controller, from breath controller to modulation wheel, can provide the tap. HyperScribe, as this recording mode is called, can be extremely accurate. First, however, Finale needs you to answer some questions concerning what youre about to play: Whats the rhythmic value of your tap? Quarter notes? Eighth notes? Will there be inner voices or triplets? In this tutorial well explore how these settings affect your transcription. HyperScribe, by the way, isnt just for keyboard virtuosos. No matter how slowly you go, HyperScribe is still an excellent means of entering musicsingle-line or simple music in particularinto a score. Even non-keyboardists often come to prefer HyperScribe for quick, accurate note entry. With the MicNotator feature, you can even play your favorite instrument, like clarinet or saxophone, to enter notes. See MICNOTATOR in the User Manual for more details.
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In the following sections, youll give HyperScribe a try. For a more complete discussion of various settings and how you might use them, see the User Manual under HYPERSCRIBE TOOL or the QUANTIZATION GUIDE in the Appendix.
CREATING A NEW DEFAULT DOCUMENT

There are hundreds of variables in published music notation: thickness of the staff lines, size of the notes, distance between accidentals in a key signature, and so on. Finale will let you change settings for almost every variable you can think of. However, you probably wont want to set up your favorite design rules each time you create a new piece. Teaching Finale precisely how you like your music to look could take you half an hour every time you launched the program. The good news is that Finale lets you determine all these variables once, after which it remembers your preferences for all future pieces. In the Finale 2005 folder theres a document called Maestro Font Default. This is nothing more than a blank Finale document thats been customized with a dummy name, page numbers at the bottom of the page, specific music spacing rules, and so on. As long as you keep this document in the same folder as the Finale program itself, those parameters will always be preset when you start Finale or create a new document. Of course, you can and should create your own default document, using your own favorite setup; the one weve provided is meant to serve as an example. When youre finished with these tutorials, simply create a new document (or modify the one weve provided), and make sure youve named it Maestro Font Default (on Windows, choose .FTM for the file type). See FINALE SCORE TEMPLATES in the Appendix of the User Manual for more information. From the File Menu, choose New, then Default Document. Finale presents an untitled document. Remember that its format is determined by the Maestro Font Default document in the Finale/Component Files folder. From the View Menu, choose Scale View, then select 75%. Now we need to make sure the settings are correct for our experiment.
CLICK AND COUNTOFF

From the MIDI Menu, choose Click and Countoff. The Click and Countoff dialog box appears, which allows you to control a variety of settings related to Finales click and countoff features. For example, you could instruct Finale to provide a metronome click during playback of your score; or you could instruct Finale to wait for or provide a 2-measure countoff before recording, so that you have a chance to settle into your tempo. The default settings should be correct, but well double-check.
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From the Countoff popup Menu, select While Recording. In the Measures text box, type the number of countoff measures you want to hear before recording begins. The default setting is 2. From the Click popup Menu, select While Recording. Click OK. You have just instructed Finale that a 2-measure countoff is to be used before recording, and that a click is to be used during recording. Now, well instruct Finale that it will be providing the tempo information, not you.
TRANSCRIBING A SCALE (WITH A CLICK)

Click the HyperScribe Tool g. A new menu appears on the menu bar called HyperScribe, where youll make your transcription settings. If you wish to use the internal speaker on a Macintosh, select the MIDI Menu, then Internal Speaker Playback.
From the HyperScribe Menu, choose Beat Source, then Playback and/or Click. In the Playback and/or Click dialog box, you specify a start signal, set a tempo for recording, and tell Finale whether or not you want to hear the other existing staves in your piece played back while you record. Your default settings should be Beat equals a quarter and Tempo is 96. Click the drop-down (Macintosh: popup) menu to the right of Start Signal for Recording and choose Any MIDI Data. This setting tells Finale to use any MIDI signal as a cue to start the countoff for a HyperScribe session. Note that you can access the Click and Countoff dialog box from here. For more details, see the User Manual under CLICK AND COUNTOFF DIALOG BOX.
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Click OK. Thats it! Finale is now ready to provide you with a metronome click. From the HyperScribe Menu, choose Record Mode. Make sure Record into One Staff is selected. Click the first measure. A dotted frame surrounds the measure you clicked, indicating that Finale is ready for you to begin. It doesnt matter whether you play staccato or legato (short or connected notes); HyperScribe expands any note you play to the beginning of the next note (or beat), so that you wont find scattered sixteenth rests cluttering your music when youre finished. Finale is waiting for you to send a signal that youre ready. Because we set the Start Signal to Any MIDI data, it doesnt matter which key or pedal you hit. Play a note on the keyboard. Finale begins to click, giving you two measures countoff to get a feel for the tempo. If you dont get a click, you may wish to review the section called SETTING UP YOUR MIDI SYSTEM in the INSTALLATION CHAPTERS earlier in this book. You may also wish to consult the User Manual under MIDI SETUP DIALOG BOX. When the two countoff measures are up, play a two-octave C scale, in quarter notes, starting on middle C, as shown below.
&c
As you play each measure, it fills up with notehead-like dots; only when youve completely filled a measure (and moved on to the next) does the full-fledged notation appear. When youre finished, click your mouse anywhere on the screen. The editing frame goes away. Take a look at what Finale did: did you get your C scale? If you didnt, try entering a slower tempo in the Playback and/or Click dialog box. Now lets try a real melody instead of a scale. Only this time, well provide the Tap or tempo instead of Finale.
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TRANSCRIBING A MELODY (WITH A TAP)
Before we start recording our melody, we need to change a few settings, such as the countoff measures. Click the HyperScribe Tool g. From HyperScribe Menu, choose Beat Source, then Tap (even if its already checked). You have to tell Finale which key or pedal (or other MIDI controller) youll be tapping to provide the tempo reference. The Tap Source dialog box offers several choices: the standard sustain pedal, a nonstandard sustain pedal (whose on/off polarity is reversed, as with some Yamaha pedals), a key on your instrument, or another MIDI controller. For this test, youll use a key. If you know the MIDI key number of the note you want to tap, you can enter it into the MIDI Note text box (middle C = 60). Otherwise, you can enter the note information just by playing it: Click Listen, then play C below middle C. (You can, of course, use any key on your MIDI keyboard.) If your MIDI equipment is set up properly, the Finale is listening dialog box disappears, and Finale types the number of the key you played into the text box. In the Beat section of the dialog box, make sure the quarter note icon is selected. In other words, one tap equals one quarter note.
Click OK. You return to the score. Click the first measure. You dont need to erase your C scale; a new HyperScribe pass overwrites whatever was there before.
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Play Ode to Joy as shown here. Remember to tap steady quarter notes with your left hand on C below middle C.
& c . & .
j j
When youre finished, click the mouse. Scroll back to the first measure. Look over your piece and see how you did. Feel free to try it again; anything new you record will simply overwrite whatever music is there now.
When you feel confident with playing a single-line melody, you might like to try the next experiment: playing with two hands while tapping with your foot.
When using HyperScribe with a Tap, make sure you play the first note at the same time or after the first tap.
Open the file called Tutorial 1c. This is a grand staff like one you can create with the Setup Wizard.
SETTING THE TIME SIGNATURE AND BEAMING PATTERNS

In the previous experiments, you used Finales default setting of quarter-note key taps. In the next experiment youll be trying a piece in time, which will require you to change some of HyperScribes settings.
Click the Time Signature Tool d. Double-click the first measure. The Time Signature dialog box appears. Using the upper scroll bar, click the left scroll bar arrow twice. This might surprise you. Were changing the meter to so you might expect the top number to be 6. Why are we subtracting beats (so that it is now 2)? Read on.
N,
Using the lower scroll bar, click the right scroll bar arrow once. When you increase the beat duration (lower number) to a dotted quarter-note value, the new meter suddenly makes sense: two dotted quarter notes do, in fact, make a meter.
The Time Signature setting does more than set the meter; it also determines the beaming patterns for the music youre about to
Note that with the Time Signature Tool selected, you can also right (Mac: c)click a measure to choose a new time signature.
50

input. You could have increased the top number to 6, and decreased the bottom number to eighth notes, like this:
&6 j j j j j j 8
But then youd wind up with no eighth notes automatically beamed together. By specifying a meter formed by two dotted quarter notes (instead of six eighth notes), youve instructed Finale to beam the eighth notes together in dotted-quarter note groupsthat is, in groups of three.
Select Measure 1 through End of Piece (if its not already selected). Click OK.
TWO-HANDED HYPERSCRIBING
Click the HyperScribe Tool g. The HyperScribe Menu appears. From the HyperScribe Menu, choose Beat Source, then Tap (even though it may already have a check mark next to it). Since youre playing a piece, you have to tell Finale that youll be tapping every dotted quarter note.
Click the dotted quarter note icon. Youd click the same button for a piece in 3/8, 9/8, or 12/8 meter. Click Standard Sustain Pedal, then click OK. Youre telling Finale that youll be tapping on the pedal rather than on a MIDI keyboard key. From the MIDI Menu, select Quantization Settings. The Quantization Settings dialog box appears. Under Smallest Note Value, click the eighth note. Finales sense of rhythm is much finer than ours; in fact, it perceives subdivisions of rhythm down to 1024ths of a quarter note. (These very small rhythmic increments are called ENIGMA Durational Units, or EDUs.) Because Finales perception of time is so precise, the program must round off, or quantize, each note in your performance to the nearest eighth note (or whatever rhythmic value you specify), in order to produce readable notation. Since the smallest rhythmic value in a meter is often an eighth note, that is the value you selected.
Click OK. Youve told Finale that youll be tapping the sustain pedal, that each tap is to represent a dotted quarter note, and youve specified a quantization value. One other parameter has changed since your first HyperScribe efforts: Youre using two staves now. HyperScribe can split your performance onto two staves (to be played by right and left hands), but it needs you to specify a split pointa key on the MIDI keyboard, below which all notes will
51

be transcribed onto the lower staff; the note you play and all higher notes will be placed on the upper staff. From the HyperScribe Menu, choose Record Mode, then Split into Two Staves. Now, choose the point between the two staves you want notes to split between the left and right hand staves. If youre familiar with MIDI key numbers (middle C = 60), you can type a key number into the text box in the Fixed Split Point dialog box that appears. Its easier, however, to define a split point simply by playing the key. Click Listen. Finale asks you to play the key you want to use as a split point. Play the B just below middle C. Finale enters the key number into the text box. Now, notes played on or above the B below middle C will be placed into the top staff. Click OK. At this point, youre ready to go. But you should be aware that Finale has several more sophisticated options available, which you might make use of as you become more familiar with the program. From the MIDI Menu, choose Quantization Settings; click More Settings. The More Quantization dialog box appears, listing a few additional options. Note that Retain Key Velocities and Retain Note Durations are both selected. If you have a velocity-sensitive MIDI keyboardif it plays back louder the harder you strike a keythen Finale will be able to play back your HyperScribed piece with every nuance of your dynamics intact. Also, with Retain Note Durations selected, Finale will remember and play back any rolled chords, swing, rushing or dragging you created when you first played your piece. For more information on this dialog box, look up the MORE QUANTIZATION DIALOG BOX in the User Manual. Click Cancel twice. Youve now told Finale all it needs to know about the upcoming performance. Youve told it that youll be tapping on the pedal, that your taps represent dottedquarter notes, that it should quantize your playing to the nearest eighth note, that it should split your music into right- and left-hand parts at middle B, and that you want it to record your dynamics and rhythmic feel. If you take this much care to set up HyperScribe every time you play, you should get excellent results. Click the first measure of the upper staff. Play this excerpt from one of Mozarts horn concertos. Play as slowly as you like, but be sure youre giving the sustain pedal a little tap every beat (that is, every quarter note), as indicated by the arrows below.
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j b & b b 6 j n j # j j j . 8
When youre finished, click the mouse. Scroll back to the first measure. If all went well, you should have a fairly clean, correctly beamed transcription. If the dotted-line rectangle never budged from the first measure, there may be something wrong with your MIDI setup. Its possible that your pedal isnt sending a signal; check your connections and try again. Or try a non-standard pedal for the Tap. If you got something, but it doesnt look accurate, check the settings you made in the HyperScribe Menu. Also, be sure your foot taps were synchronized with your hands. Play back your performance (click Play 1 on the Playback Controls). Finale plays back your transcription complete with your dynamics and rhythmic feel. In this file, weve turned off scrolling playback, so Finale simply plays the music it encounters in your score, but the screen display doesnt change. If you want, you can tell Finale to scroll the music as it plays, so you can follow the score as youre listening to the playback. NOTE: To play a scorea large score in particularis already a demanding task for a computer; to continuously redraw the screen at the same time requires massive amounts of computational power. Therefore, when using scrolling playback, the Playback Controls help the computer cheat a bit by taking a moment to prepare the audio portion in advance. Then, when you play back, only the visual portions are computed. On Windows, click the Settings button. On Macintosh, click the expand arrow button to reveal more options. Here, you may want to specify a Human Playback style. Finales Human Playback feature processes your score and generates a performance based on the expressions, articulations, and other markings youve placed in the score. You can choose from a variety of styles including Classical, Baroque, and Jazz. From the Play Mode drop-down list, select Scrolling. On Windows, click OK to close the Settings box. On Macintosh, move the Playback Controls down and to the right (so you can see the music). Click Play 1. The Status or Message Bar keeps you apprised of Finales progress in pre-computing the music. When its finished, you will hear your recording again, and you should see the sheet music transcription of it scrolling by.
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WHEN YOU'RE READY TO CONTINUE
Feel free to experiment with HyperScribe. For further information on quantization, consult the User Manual under QUANTIZATION GUIDE in the Appendix. Close your file, saving it if you want. In the next tutorial, well add more details to our score with key and time signatures, lyrics, repeats and guitar chords.

Some of the entries in the User Manual contain discussions of topics youve just covered. See, for example: BEAMING TIME SIGNATURES CLEFS EDUS GROUPS MICNOTATOR PLAYBACK QUANTIZATION HYPERSCRIBE TOOL STAFF ATTRIBUTES STAVES
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Tutorial 2: Adding Details

Theres a lot more to music than just notes. In this tutorial, well cover how to add detailskey and time signatures, lyrics, repeats, chords and more. Open the Document called Tutorial 2 in the Tutorials folder: well use this version of Oh, Susannah to explore Finales prowess in creating a lead sheet. By the end of this tutorial, you should be able to create a simple lead sheet.
CHANGING THE KEY

If you use the Setup Wizard, you should start off with the correct key signature for your piece every time. But lets say you change your mind after entering in the music. Well change the key for our folk song Oh Susannah. Click the Key Signature Tool h. Double-click the first measure (within the staff lines to the right of the time signature). The measure highlights and a dialog box appears. Finale displays a dialog box when its requesting some information from you. In this particular dialog box, you use the scroll bar to select a new key. Click the up arrow to add sharps to the key signature or subtract flats. Click the down arrow to add flats or subtract sharps.
Click the up arrow on the scroll bar twice, so that no sharps or flats appears. Now look at the bottom of the dialog box; Finale lets you specify whether or not you want to transpose the
55

notes when you change the key signature. Leave the settings as they are; youre transposing the song up a whole step, to C. Now specify what region of measures you want to be affected by the new key. Click the radio button for Measure 1 Through End of Piece. Click OK (or press j). The dialog box goes away, and your piece is instantly transposed to the key of C.
CHANGING THE TIME SIGNATURE

If you use the Setup Wizard, you should start off with the correct time signature, too. But lets say you decide your folk song would work better in cut time. Click the Time Signature Tool d, and double-click the first measure. Make sure you click the middle of the measure (within the staff lines). There are two scroll bars in the Time Signature dialog box: the upper bar controls the top number of the time signature, and the bottom bar controls the bottom number. On the upper scroll bar, click the left scroll bar arrow twice, to change the upper number from 4 to 2. You want the meter to be two half notes per measureso you decrease the upper number, which governs beats per measure.
Now click the right scroll bar arrow twice on the lower scroll bar. The lower scroll bar sets the rhythmic pulsethe lower number in the time signature. You increase the value from a quarter note to a half note (by changing the lower number from 4 to 2). Click the radio button for Measure 1 Through End of Piece. The Time Signature dialog box looks like this:
Uncheck Rebar Music.
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Click OK (or press j). Thats it. Youve now put Oh, Susannah into cut time. (Finale C defaults to displaying the cut time symbol for . If youd prefer , see the User Manual under CUT TIME.
ENTERING LYRICS: TYPE INTO SCORE

One of Finales greatest powers is its ability to handle lyrics intelligently. If you provide the lyrics, complete with hyphens between syllables, Finale can automatically distribute them to the melody line, neatly avoiding tied-over notes and rests, and centering every syllable under its note. Each syllable is attached to its note; if the note moves horizontally, the syllable moves with it. Finale also adds word extension underlines for melismatic passages automatically. There are two ways to create lyrics within Finale. You can type the lyrics directly into the score, so that you know at all times where you are in the musica feature called Type Into Score. Or you may prefer the faster Click Assignment methodwhere you type the lyrics in Finales text processor, and then paste them into the score all at once. The Click Assignment method also offers you the option of pasting your lyrics in from another program, such as a word processor. In this tutorial, youll try both techniques. Click the Lyrics Tool k. A new menu, called Lyrics, appears and a row of four positioning triangles appears to the left of the staff. From the Lyrics Menu, choose Type Into Score, if its not already selected. Click on the staff above the first melody note. You dont have to click the notehead. Instead, click anywhere within the staff lines above it. A small blinking cursorthe insertion point appears beneath the first note. Type: Oh, I come from Al-a-ba-ma, with a ban-jo on my knee. Each time you type a space or a hyphen, Finale automatically moves the insertion point to the next note in preparation for entering the next syllable. Finale automatically scrolls the music as you enter the lyrics, so you always know where you are. As you type, there are a few things you should know. If you make a mistake, just backspace over it by pressing the $ key (Mac: k). (If you backspace to the previous syllable, Finale highlights the whole syllable for you, so that you can replace it all at once with anything you type.) If you want to change a word youve already typed, click in the staff above the syllable in question so that its highlighted; then type in your correction. As you type the rest of these lyrics, youll encounter some syllables that are supposed to be held through two melody notes:
57
In such cases, just skip past the sustained note by pressing the space bar. Finale will create word extensions for you when appropriate. Use the space bar to skip past rests. Finish typing the first verse: Im [space] goin to Lou-si-a-na, my [space] true love for to see. [space] Oh, Su-san-nah, now dont you cry for me, Oh, I come from Al-a-ba-ma with a ban-jo on my knee. The four small triangles at the left edge of the screen control the baseline of the lyrics (the imaginary line upon which the bottom edges of the words sit). If you drag the leftmost triangle, youll find that you can move the baseline (and all the attached lyrics) up and down. As you typed, Finale stored each syllable in a built-in text processor, the Edit Lyrics window. Lets take a look. From the Lyrics Menu, choose Edit Lyrics. Sure enough, there are your lyrics in their raw text form. Its important to understand that the Edit Lyrics window and the lyrics in the score are dynamically linked. If you change a syllable in the Edit Lyrics window, that syllable automatically changes in the scoreand vice versa. The four triangles (from left to right) move the baseline horizontally for: 1.the entire piece 2.this staff 3. this staff, this system only 4. next syllable entered
.
Oh,
j
I come
from
.
Al -
j
a ba
While the Type Into Score process is handy, its not the fastest possible method for entering lyrics. When youre working with very large scores, or when you want to import lyrics from another program (such as a word processor), you might want to use the Click Assignment method, whereby you enter the lyrics directly into the Edit Lyrics window. No matter which
58

method you prefer, Type Into Score is always handy for making quick changes to lyrics already in the score. In the next section, youll learn about the Click Assignment method. To restore your melody to its wordless form, youll use Finales Clear Items command, which you can use to selectively remove lyrics (or other items) from the score without touching the notes. Click OK. The Edit Lyrics dialog box closes. Click the Mass Edit Tool l. The Mass Edit Menu appears. From the Edit Menu, choose Select All. Finale highlights all of your music. We want to remove all of the lyrics we assigned through Type into Score. Lyrics in Finale are made up of two parts: the word or syllable itself and its footprint or assignment to a particular note. When you Type into Score, youre entering the word into the Edit Lyrics box and assigning it to a particular note at the same time. When we use the Mass Edit Tool to clear the lyrics, were only clearing the assignments. The words remain in the Edit Lyrics box, available for the next time we want to assign them to notes with Click Assignment. You can even assign the same word to multiple notes. A handy feature when you dont want to type Alleluia twenty different times! From the Mass Edit Menu, choose Clear Items. The Items to Clear dialog box appears. Click Uncheck All. All check boxes disappear. Click the Lyrics checkbox and click OK. You return to your score, where your lyrics have disappeared, but your notes remain.
ENTERING LYRICS: CLICK ASSIGNMENT

With this method, youll enter the complete set of lyrics beforehand in Finales text processor. Because the computer doesnt have to redraw the music to keep up with you (as it did with the Type Into Score method), youll find that you can type much faster in this mode. Click the Lyrics Tool k. The Lyrics menu appears. From the Lyrics Menu, choose Edit Lyrics. The Edit Lyrics window appears with your complete set of lyrics. You can edit your lyrics in the Edit Lyrics window just as you would text in any word processor. For example, you can correct mistakes by backspacing over them with the $ (Mac: k) key. You can copy and paste text as youve just done, using !-C (Mac: a-C) to copy selected text and !-V (Mac: a-V) to paste it. You can also cut selected text, so that its removed from the Edit Lyrics window but placed on the Clipboard ready for pasting in another place; the Cut command is !-X (Mac: a-X).
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Click OK. You return to the score.
ASSIGNING LYRICS
From the Lyrics Menu, choose Click Assignment. A small window appears, containing the lyrics you just typed. If the window obscures your view of the music, you can drag it by its title bar to move it to a new location.
Use the title bar to move the window out of the way of the music, if necessary. Click the close box when you're done click-assigning. Use the side scroll bar to switch from one Verse to another.
Select Auto Update if you're click-assigning one syllable at a time and want Finale to widen the measure accordingly after each click. Drag the scroll box to move quickly to another spot in the lyrics. Click in the grey area to scroll the lyrics by one window-full.
Click the right or left arrows to scroll the lyrics one syllable in either direction.
The four triangles are again at the left edge of the screen. Remember that these control the baseline of the lyrics. Drag the leftmost triangle up or down to move the lyric line closer to or farther from the staff. Position the cursor on the staff at the location of the first melody note. Click in the staff once. The first syllable, Oh, jumps out of the Click Assignment window and attaches itself to the first note.
&C
.
Oh,
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Move the cursor to the second note, and click in the staff. The next syllable is now attached to its note. This click-by-click assignment of lyrics to notes is all very well and good, but it takes time when you have lots of lyrics to assign. If you use the ! (Mac: b) key, you can distribute all the lyrics with a single click. While pressing the ! (Mac: b) key, click the third note. Finale now rips through your entire set of lyrics and distributes them to the notes of the song automatically. Click the close button in the upper-right (Mac: upper-left) corner of the Click Assignment window. Take a moment to scroll through the lead sheet and check Finales work. Youll probably notice a problem right away: Starting at measure 5the lyric Im goin to Lou-si-anathe lyrics havent been assigned to the proper melody notes. Theyre off by a syllable.
4
&
ban -
jo
on
my
knee.

I'm goin' to
Lou' -
.
si -
Thats because you werent able to skip the extra melody notes by pressing the Space bar, as you did when you used Type Into Score, so Finale didnt know when to skip over a note. You can correct this problem in a flash. At each spot where a syllable is held through more than one note, you need to tell Finale to push all the syllables to the right by one note. From the Lyrics Menu, choose Shift Lyrics. The Shift Lyrics dialog box appears, letting you specify the direction you want the syllables to be shifted. The default, to the right, is what you want. Click OK (or press j). Youre going to click within the staff lines above the first syllable you want shifted. Click in the staff above the syllable goin. Finale shifts the goin syllable, and all subsequent syllables, to the right. Now scroll until you can see the word true, where the lyrics are again misaligned. Click the note above the word true. Youve successfully aligned the lyrics to the notes.
knee,
I'm
j .
goin' to Lou' - si
ADDING A SECOND VERSE

As it happens, Oh, Susannah has two verses. If you dont work with lyrics much, feel free to skip this section. If you plan to be working with vocal music, though, this section will show you how to add multiple verses.
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From the Lyrics Menu, choose Edit Lyrics. Your lyrics appear in the text window. Note that at the bottom of the dialog box you see a drop-down list (currently set to Verse) and a text box (currently set to 1), indicating that you are viewing the lyrics for verse 1. Click the up arrow next to the text box. The text box now says 2, indicating that Finales ready for you to type verse 2. This time, as an experiment, youll anticipate the passages where one syllable is sustained through more than one note, so that you wont have to use the Shift Lyrics command after placing the lyrics. To do this, youll create an invisible syllable within the lyrics. This syllable is simply a blank character, sometimes called a hard space. By pressing and holding down the @ key, typing 0160 on the numeric keypad, and then releasing the @ key (Mac: b + spacebar), you produce an invisible character that Finale thinks of as a syllable, even though its invisible on the screen. Remember that Finale looks for a space or a hyphen to indicate the end of a syllable whether invisible or not. To convince Finale that this character is a syllable, you need to follow each invisible syllable with a space. Click in the text box, and type the second verse exactly as you see it here. Create an invisible syllable (@ 0160 or b + spacebar) where indicated below. Dont forget to type a regular space before and after each one. It [invisible syllable] rained all night the day I left, the wea-ther it was dry, The [invisible syllable] sun so hot I froze to death, Su-san-nah, dont you cry. Oh, Su-san-nah, now dont you cry for me, I [invisible syllable] come from Al-a-ba-ma with a ban-jo on my [invisible syllable] [invisible syllable] [invisible syllable] knee. Click OK. Scroll to the beginning of the music. Choose Click Assignment from the Lyrics Menu. !-click (b-click) in the staff above the first note. If youve typed the lyrics correctly, Finale should enter the entire second verse without a hitch. Now, if you need to adjust the positioning of the second lyric line, drag the leftmost of the four positioning handles up or down. The invisible syllables you added should make all syllables align with their notes. Finale also adds word extensions for you automatically. We added three invisible characters before the last syllable to skip measure 17, which well be skipping over the second time through (well
62

talk about creating the repeat markings in the next section). Lets delete this extra word extension. From the Lyrics Menu, choose Edit Word Extensions. The word extension handles appear. You can use these handles to manually adjust the length of each word extension.
16
&
ban ban -
jo jo
on on
my my
knee.
.
It
knee.
Click handle on the right edge of the word extension in the second verse and press Delete k. The word extension disappears.
To tell Finale to always break a Smart Word Extension at a particular barline, choose the Measure Tool, double-click the measure to the left of the barline, check Break Smart Word Extensions and click OK.
THE REPEAT TOOL

To be truly complete, your lead sheet needs a first and second ending, requiring the use of the Repeat Tool. In Finale, a repeat barline is simply a signpost that directs the flow of music playback back to another measure. A repeat barline doesnt necessarily direct music backward; it could make the music jump to a later measure, as it does if youre using a coda sign. You can build nested repeats, multiple endingseven purely graphic repeat barlines that have no playback functions at all. In your Oh, Susannah lead sheet, youll actually need several repeat barlinesone at the beginning of the score, plus a first and second ending. To make these endings work properly, you need to amend the beginnings and endings of the music itself, adjusting the lyrics and inserting the first ending measure, so that the lead sheet looks like this:
Beginning...
&C
.
Oh,
j
I come rained
from all
.
Al night -
j
a the
16
...End
&
ban ban -
jo jo
on on
my my
knee.
.
It
knee.
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Youre welcome to perform these modifications yourself, if you want; youll have to delete the first syllable in the second verse, type it at the end of the first verse (in the Edit Lyrics window), and then click it into the end of the score with the Click Assignment option (Lyrics Menu). Youll also need the Speedy Entry Tool a to change the music in the first and second endings, and the Measure Tool z to create the extra measure. If youd rather not bother, open the document Tutorial 2a, in which these changes have already been made. In either case, scroll back to the beginning of the piece; now youre ready to proceed. The repeat tool is designed to allow you to add standard repeat barlines and endings easily using context menus. By context-clicking (Windows users right-click, Macintosh b-click) measures and selected regions, you can easily and edit repeats without taking focus off the score. Now, lets add a repeat with a first and second ending. Click the Repeat Tool x. Measure 1 is a pickup measure, so you want the first repeat barline to appear at the beginning of measure 2. Windows users Right-click (Macintosh users Control-click) measure 2. A context menu appears which offers several repeat options. Choose Create Forward Repeat Bar. A forward repeat bar appears at the beginning of measure 2. Note that you could also click measure 2 and from the Repeat Menu choose Create Forward Repeat Bar to perform the same task. Now, lets create the first and second ending. You want the first ending to appear at measure 17. Scroll down so measure 17 is visible. Windows users Right-click (Macintosh users Control-click) measure 17. For a first ending longer than one measure, you would select the measure region and then context-click. Choose Create First and Second Ending. Finale places a first ending over the highlighted measure and also places a second ending over the following measure. Thats it! This repeat is already defined to play as shown, upon reaching the backward repeat bar, playback will jump back to measure 2, and then, the second time through, skip over measure 17 to the second ending. To remove a repeat barline or bracket, click the Repeat Tool, then click the measure. Click the square handle at the bottom of the barline and press k. Dont be concerned if your lead sheet ends with a single measure stretched over an entire staff system. Such layout issues will be discussed in Tutorial 4.
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Finally, please note that Finale also offers a number of text repeats, such as D.S. al Coda. These text repeats are purely graphic, so they do not affect the playback of your score.While the context menu items are great for creating basic repeat barlines and endings, you might want a more in-depth discussion of the Repeat Tool and its various capabilities including multiple ending passes, defining three or more endings, or adding a Coda, D.S. al Coda, D.C. al Coda and more. Consult the User Manual under REPEAT TOOL.
CHORD SYMBOLS (OPTIONAL SECTION)

No true lead sheet would be complete without chord symbols. With a little help from your MIDI keyboard, the process of adding chords can be extremely quick. You can also apply similar techniques with the Type into Score feature, which doesnt require a keyboard. (If most of your work wont require chord symbols, you can skip this section.) This section assumes that youve completed the Oh, Susannah lead sheet up through the last section. If not, choose Open from the File Menu; open the document called Tutorial 2b, which is complete to this point. Scroll to the first measure of the piece, if necessary. Click the Chord Tool X. The Chord Menu appears. The top five commands in the menu are chord input options: Manual Input (you type letters and numbers into a dialog box to create a chord symbol); Type Into Score (functions in the same way as the corresponding Lyric option); MIDI Input (which has you play the chord on the MIDI keyboard); One-Staff Analysis (in which Finale examines the notes of each chord you click in the staff); and Two-Staff Analysis (in which Finale examines a complete chord, even if it spans two staves, as with a piano voicing). You can also choose Edit Learned Chords, in which you can teach Finale to recognize unusual or especially complex chords. From the Chord Menu, choose MIDI Input. If you dont have a MIDI keyboard, dont despair; its almost as easy to put chord symbols into your score without MIDI. See the User Manual under CHORD SYMBOLS for instructions. Click the first note of the second measure. A little ear appears above the staff. It indicates that Finale is ready for you to play the chord. Play a C triad, root position, on the MIDI keyboard. It doesnt matter how the chord is voiced or what octave its in; just make sure that the bottom note is a C. To enter chord symbols without a MIDI keyboard, click on the Chord Tool, then choose Type into Score from the Chord Menu.
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C
1
&C
.
Oh,
j ..
I come rained
from all
.
Al night -
j
a - ba the day -
ma I
Finale puts the chord symbol, C, above the staff. (If the chord symbols appear too low or too high in your score, remember that, just like lyrics, you can drag the leftmost positioning triangle up or down to move the baseline of the chords.) So far, so goodnow you need to advance the cursor to the right, in preparation to enter the next chord symbol. To signal Finale that you want to move on to the next chord, you play any MIDI keyboard key above middle C. Play a single noteany noteabove middle C. If you want to move backward, play a single note below middle C. Play three more single notes above middle C. Youve just moved the ear cursor to the next downbeat, where theres another chord.
C
1
The four triangles (from left to right) move the baseline horizontally for: 1. the entire piece 2. this staff 3. this staff, this system only 4. next chord
&C
.
Oh,
j . .
I come rained
from all
.
Al night -
j
a - ba the day -
ma I
.
with left,
Play another C chord, this time in first inversion (E on the bottom). This time, Finale writes C/Ea C triad with an E in the bass.
&
Continue adding the chords this way: advance to the next spot by playing a single key above middle C, and then play the chord. If you dont play the chord in root position, Finale notates the chord symbol as a triad over a bass note, separated by a slash. You can add any chord symbols you want; one example is shown here:
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C
1
&C
C/G
4
.
Oh,
j . .
I G7
C/E
.
with left,
j
a the
come from Al rained all night
a - ba - ma the day I C
&
on it
my was
knee, dry, C/G
G7

Im The
goin sun C
to so
.
Lou hot C7 -
j
si I
ban - jo wea - ther

7
&
a froze F
10
na, to
.
my death,
for dont
to you C
see. cry.
true love Su - san - nah,
&
Oh, Oh, G7
13
Su Su -
now now
dont dont C/E
you you
cry cry
for for
san - nah, san - nah,
& .
me, me, C/G
16

Oh, I I G7
come come C
1.
from from
.
A A -
ma ma
.
with with
j
a a
la - ba la - ba -
&
ban ban -
jo jo
on on
my my
knee.
.
It
..
2.
knee.
Youll find that Finale has no problem transcribing the G7 in measure 5. You can play seventh chords, ninths, augmented, diminished, and even more complex chords, and Finale will have no problem understanding you. As a matter of fact, you can even teach Finale to understand new chords. See the User Manual under EDIT LEARNED CHORDS. If you make a mistake, choose Undo from the Edit Menu, click the note, and play the chord again. Heres how you tell Finale that youre finished entering chords: Click any blank part of the screen. Go aheadplay it back! (Click Play 1 on the Playback Controls.) Youll discover that Finale plays the chord symbols wherever they occur. (You can
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also disable the playback function of chords, if you like; see the User Manual under CHORD SYMBOLS.) To move a chord symbol, be sure the Chord Tool is selected. Choose Manual Input from the Chord Menu. Youll see square handles appear, which you can then drag to move chord symbols. If you click a handle and press k, youll delete the chord; if you double-click a handle, youll enter the Chord Definition dialog box (see the User Manual under CHORD DEFINITION DIALOG BOX for more complete information). Now suppose youre just about ready to print, when you find out that this Oh, Susannah is going to be a piece of popular sheet music, with guitar fretboard diagrams above the staff. No problem: From the Chord Menu, choose Show Fretboards. Finale instantly places full-blown fretboard diagrams underneath the regular chord symbols. Theyll even transpose if you change the key! To adjust the distance between the fretboard diagrams and the staff, choose Position Fretboards from the Chord Menu, and drag the leftmost triangle up or down. See the User Manual under FRETBOARD DIAGRAMS for full instructions.
WORKING WITH INNER VOICES: LAYERS

In this example, lets suppose that youve decided to add a few harmony notes. Finale lets you have up to eight voicesindependent lines of music, each with its own stem per staff. (Within each of the eight voices, a chord can have up to twelve notesa total of 96 notes per staff on any given beat.) Most of the time, youll probably need only two voices, stems up and stems down. Youll find such music especially easy to notate in Finale, because every staff can have four completely independent layers of music. You can think of them as clear plastic overlays, because each layer is utterly independenteach can even have its own MIDI channel for playback. You can flip easily from one layer to the other, and even hide the ones youre not working on. If you do need more voices, youll discover that each layer can have two voices of its own, Voice 1 and Voice 2, giving you a total of eight to work with. The Voice 1/Voice 2 mechanism is more complex, however; save it for the times when you need more than four voices per staff. From the Document Menu, choose Document Options, then select Layers. You will see the Layer Options on the right side of the Document Options dialog box. Here is where you control the behavior of each voice.
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For Layer 1, Freeze Stems and Ties should be checked, and Up should be selected from the drop-down list by default. Also, Freeze Ties in the Same Direction as Stems and Apply Adjustment Only if Notes are in Other Layers are checked. Choose Layer 2 from the Settings for drop-down list. For Layer 2, select Freeze Stems and Ties, and then choose Down from the drop-down list. Next, select Freeze Ties in the Same Direction as Stems and Apply Adjustments Only if Notes are in Other Layers. Also click Adjust Floating Rests by, and type 6 into the text box. Dont panic! Youve simply told Finale that whenever there are two independent voices, Layer 1s stems should automatically flip up, and Layer 2s stems should flip down. In such cases, ties should flip the wrong way to avoid collisions with the other voice. Youve also said that when Layer 2 has a rest, it should appear four lines or spaces lower (6) than its usual position (the middle B line). Youll see the effects of your settings soon. Click OK. Now lets put in the harmony notes. You want to enter them in Layer 2. To enter notes in Speedy Entry without a MIDI instrument, use the arrow keys to place the crossbar on the correct pitch, then press a duration number. Make sure Use MIDI keyboard is unchecked in the Speedy Menu.
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For Windows, click the Layer 2 push button in the lower left corner of the screen. For Macintosh, choose Layer 2 from the popup menu in the lower left corner of the screen. Youve just made Layer 2 the active layer of every staff. Click the Simple Entry Tool 4. Click the half note icon 6 in the Simple Entry palette (or press 6 on the number keypad) to select a half note duration. Position your cursor on the A below middle C on the first beat of measure 10 and click. Do the same for the second half note in measure 10. You can see that the stems are properly flipped. (Note you could also enter these notes with the Simple Entry Caret with the same results). Press @-d-1 (Mac: a-b-1) to return to Layer 1. The editing frame now displays Layer 1, and Layer 2 is dimmed. @d-# (1-4) (Mac: a-b-# (1-4)) is a keyboard shortcut used to change the active layer while entering. While using the Simple Entry Caret, when you switch layers, Finale creates placeholder rests for you automatically, so you can continue entering in a new layer at any point in the measure.
There are two special cases you should be aware of when working with layers. First, there are times, often found in keyboard music, when the second voice doesnt begin until the middle of a measure (below right). The solution is to fill up the beginning part of the measure with rests (below left):
&c
&
To create the appearance of a Layer 2 voice that begins in mid-measure (right), first create placeholder rests (left). Use the letter h key to hide the rests.
In Simple Entry, Ctrl/Option-click each rest and press the letter h key. The rest dims to indicate it is hidden (and will not print); now its merely a placeholder to align the notes of the second voice. (Press the h key again to make the entry reappear.) The second problem you may encounter is when the notes in each layer are an interval of a second apart, like this:
&c
You need to offset one of them to avoid the collision. One solution is simply to drag either note to one side when youre editing with the Speedy Entry Tool a. (You can drag notes both vertically and horizontally when youre editing. If you want to make sure you dont
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inadvertently move the note sideways when you want to drag it up or downor vice versa press the d key as you drag. Finale will constrain the cursor to perfectly horizontal or vertical movements.) Another solution is to let Finale's Automatic Music Spacing feature work for you. From the Document Menu, choose Document Options, then select Music Spacing Options; make sure that Seconds and Unisons are selected in the Avoid Collision of section of the dialog box. See MUSIC SPACING in the User Manual for more information.

This tutorial has covered a lot of ground; if youve made it to the end, congratulations. Finale offers a lot of power, and you can harness it! Choose Save from the File Menu, if you havent already done so. If you think youve done enough for one session, choose Exit (Mac: Quit) from the File Menu, and youll return to the desktop. If you want to go on, close this document and turn to the next tutorial.

Some of the entries in the User Manual contain discussions of topics youve just covered. See, for example: CHORD SYMBOLS FIRST ENDINGS FONTS MULTIPLE VOICES LEAD SHEETS LYRICS MELISMA PLUG-INS REPEATS WORD EXTENSIONS
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Tutorial 3: Articulations and Expressions

Now that you know the basics of entering music quickly and editing it efficiently, its time to learn how to add the markings that make music such a rich languagearticulations, dynamics, slurs and more. Open the Document called Tutorial 3 in the Tutorials folder: well use this arrangement of Oh, Susannah to explore Finales fluency in the language of music. By the end of this tutorial, you should be able to create a score with all the necessary markings.
BASIC ARTICULATIONS AND EXPRESSIONS

Well start with an introduction to articulations (staccatos, accents, fermatas) and expressions (Moderato, , solo). Click the Articulation Tool t. Using this tool, you can click on, above, or below a noteit doesnt matter. Finales articulations are smart; they jump into place, centered on the notehead, automatically. Click the dotted quarter note in the Trombone 2 staff in measure 3. The Articulation Selection dialog box appears. You must be in the same layer as your notes to attach anything to them, such as lyrics, articulations, expressions, or chord symbols.
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Incidentally, some symbols, such as , have been defined to flip upside-down automatically when a notes stem direction changes (as a result of a transposition, for example). Articulations with an associated upside-down symbol appear side-by-side in their selection square. Double-click the accent mark (top row, third from left). Double-clicking an Articulation in this dialog box is the same as clicking once then clicking Select. When you return to the score, you can see that Finale not only centered the accent on the notehead, but it also knew which side of the note (top or bottom) to use. You can override Finales placement decision, of courseto move the mark, drag its handle. (You can also delete a mark by clicking its handle and pressing k.) So that you understand whats happening behind the scenes, try this experiment: Click the Simple Entry Tool 5. Windows users Ctrl-click, Mac users Option-click squarely on the notehead of the dotted quarter note; press the down arrow three times until the stem direction changes. Finale doesnt simply flip the stemit also relocates the accent mark to the other side of the note. Press the up arrow three times to move it back into place. Now lets add a couple dynamic markings. Click the Expression Tool y. Expressions are attached either to the measure you double-click or to a specific note in that measure. For marking. the moment, lets put in a To add an expression while entering with the caret in Simple Entry, press the X key.
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Position the cursor below the first note of the top staff, just to the left of the note. Double-click where you want the marking to appear. The Expression Selection dialog box appears. (If youre ever trying to put in an Expression and this window comes up empty, its because no libraries were loaded into the document. Well cover libraries in more detail later in this tutorial.)
Note, incidentally, the buttons on the lower right side of this window: Text and Shape. These buttons access two different libraries; the one youre currently viewing, Text, contains only words. Even the dynamic markings (such as or ) are simply characters in the Maestro music font. If you click the Shape button, however, youll see a new set of symbols containing only shapesslurs, crescendos and the like. Well discuss the Shape expressions later in Tutorial 8.
p F
Note also the buttons at the bottom of the window: Measure Expression and Note Expression. A Measure Expression can appear in one staff or in several staves, and can also appear in an empty measure; a Note Expression appears only in the staff in which it was created, and is, as the title implies, attached to a specific note (or rest).
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You will undoubtedly encounter many instances where it makes no real difference which type of expression you choose. Here are a few good rules of thumb: Use Measure Expressions for such items as rehearsal letters, tempo indications, dynamics that apply to an entire section or to all instruments, and so forth. Reserve Note Expressions for dynamics that are specific to one instrument, player instructions that are specific to one instrument, character names, etc. (The radio button for Note Expression is currently grayed out. In the future, double-click directly on a note to make this option available. Since you double-clicked below the measure, Measure Expression is the only available option.) Double-click on . The Measure Expression Assignment dialog box immediately appears; youll explore its options later.Click OK.The marking is now in all staves.. If you want to adjust its position, drag its handle; it moves in all staves at once. (To delete any expression, click its handle and press k.)
ADDING A SLUR
As a quick exercise, lets add some slurs to the score.
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Click the Smart Shape Tool W. The Smart Shape Palette appears as a toolbar on the top of the screen (or as a palette on the Macintosh), containing icons for slurs, crescendos, 8va markings, lines, and several kinds of brackets and lines. This palette is just like the others youve encountered; you can hide it or move it around.
The curves and lines this palette offers are called Smart Shapes, because they behave intelligently; if the measure widens, so does the Smart Shape attached to it. If a Smart Shape begins at the end of one line of music and continues onto the next, it automatically breaks in two. The Slur Tool W should already be selected; if not, select it now. Place your cursor on the first note in measure five (top staff). Double-click the mouse, hold the button down after the second click, and drag the mouse to the right, until the third note in the measure is highlighted. As long as you hold the button down, you can move the endpoint of the slur. Release the mouse button. Youve just created a noteattached slur. Take a look. Is the slur exactly where you wanted it? Does it arc too high or too low?
Shortcuts for the Smart Shape Tool: Hold down S for a slur, < for a crescendo or > for a decrescendo.
A Smart Shape is easy to edit. When a Smart Shape has multiple handles, its currently selected. Each slur will have six handles. Here is a description of how to use these handles to edit the slur:
Drag this handle to move the arc asymmetrically. Drag this handle to change the arc. Drag this handle to move the arc asymmetrically.
Drag this handle to move the left endpoint.
Drag this handle to move the entire shape.
Drag this handle to move the right endpoint.
Hold down the d key while editing the slur to constrain your cursor to perfect horizontal or vertical movements. Position the cursor at the top of the arc. Click and drag downward to decrease the arc of the slur. Now create another slur. Scroll to the beginning of measure 3. Position the cursor on the first note in measure 3 (top staff). Double-click and drag to the last note in the measure. Release the mouse button. The new phrase marking displays its reshaping handles, letting you know that its selected. The first one you drew, meanwhile, is no
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longer selected. Instead, it displays a single handle. To select a Smart Shape that doesnt display its reshaping handles, click its handle. Feel free to experiment with these Smart Shapes. Click and drag each reshaping handle to see what it does. Try adding a crescendo or decrescendo. When the Smart Shape Tool is selected, every Smart Shape in the score displays a small square handle on the screen (unless its already been selected, in which case it has reshaping handles). To delete a Smart Shape, click the handle to select the shapeand press the k key. For more information, see the User Manual under SMART SHAPE TOOL. Before moving on, you can choose to hide the Smart Shape Palette by deselecting it in the Window Menu. Otherwise, feel free to leave it on the screen.
SELECTION TOOL
If youre flying along in the editing process and dont want to bother switching tools, the Selection Tool can help speed you along. Click on the Selection Tool and click on any marking. Now you can move it, delete it or right-click (Mac: c-click) on it for a list of other editing commands. If you decide you need to do advanced editing, double-click on the marking to switch to the appropriate editing tool. You can return to the Selection Tool at any time by clicking cd-A (Mac: a-d-A). The Selection Tool works on Measures (Measure Tool), Notes (Simple Entry), Smart Shapes, Expressions, Articulations, Repeats, Lyrics, Chords, Text Blocks, Tuplets, Time Signatures, Key Signatures, Clefs, Ossias, Graphics, Staff and Group Names. For more details, see the User Manual under SELECTION TOOL.
METATOOLS: PUTTING IN MANY ARTICULATIONS

Lets learn some more about articulations. The system you learned earlier for putting in articulations is fine for the occasional accent or staccato marking. But what if you have a series of accented eighth notes? Do you have to go through the Articulation Selection dialog box for every single note? Fortunately, no. You can select a region of notes and tell Finale to apply the same symbol to every one. Or you can assign any articulation to a single key on your keyboard and bypass the dialog boxes altogether. These keyboard assignments are called Metatools. You can assign a metatool to each of the alphabet keys (a-z) as well as the number keys (0-9); the Articulation Tool has one set of thirty-six, and the Expression Tool has another set of thirty-six.
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The basic formula for working with Metatools is always the same: Press d-number or letter key to program the keystroke; use the number or letter key alone to enter the marking into the score. Some Metatools have already been programmed for you; lets take a closer look. Click the Articulation Tool t. While pressing d, press the S key. The Articulation Selection dialog box appears. Every articulation in this dialog box has a number or letter assigned to it (thin number appears in the upper-left corner of each slot). Some also have a second number; this number or letter appears in parentheses and indicates the Metatool currently assigned to that articulation. Metatool S is assigned to the staccato mark, Metatool A is assigned to the accent mark, and so on. Remember, you pressed d-S to access this dialog box, telling Finale you wanted to program Metatool S. For now, lets assume you are satisfied with using Metatool S for the staccato mark. Click Cancel. Position the cursor on the first note in measure 2 (top staff). While pressing the S key, click. Finale pops a staccato mark into the score. The square handle is larger than the dot itself, so all you see is a handle. To see the dot, select a different tool. Then reselect the Articulation Tool. While pressing the S key, click the second note. As you can see, using a Metatool saves you the trouble of selecting this mark from a dialog box each time you want it. Just click a note while pressing the appropriate number or letter key, and your marking appears. Whats more, you can reprogram the other keys with symbols other than the ones currently defined. While pressing d, press the A key. As you can see, Metatool A is currently assigned to the accent mark. Lets say you use this particular articulation fairly infrequently, and you would rather assign Metatool A to another articulation. Double-click the breath mark (slot 36). When you return to the score, it may seem that nothing has happened; no new mark appears in the score. But something has indeed happenedyouve successfully programmed a Metatool. (Remember, thats why you pressed d-A, which is Finales signal that youre teaching it a Metatool.) Position the cursor on the third note of measure 5 in the top staff. While pressing the A key, click. Finale pops a breath mark into the score. Furthermore, Expressions can have their own set of thirty-six Metatools. 1 through 4 might be dynamics you use often; 5 and 6 might be cresc. and dim., and so on. You create the Metatools the same way: Select the tool, press d and the number or letter; the Expression Selection dialog box appears. Double-click the desired expression. (Both text
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phrases and shapes may be programmed to Metatools.) When youre ready to put the marking into the score, press and hold the number or letter key alone and single-click where you want the marking to appear; it pops into place. Note that with Expression Metatools, you need to predetermine whether they will be note expressions or measure expressions. This is done in the Expression Menu; simply choose one of the three items in the lower half of the menu. (Context Sensitive means that if you click a note, the expression will be a note expression; if you click a measure, it will be a measure expression.) When you save your document, all your Metatool assignments are saved too, so that you can continue placing expressions using Metatools the next time you open the document. You can redefine your Metatools at any time, however, as you just learned above. Programmed Metatools are specific to the document that you are currently working on; therefore, you can have different sets of Metatools for different pieces. If you find that you use the same Metatools over and over again, you can change the Maestro Font Default document to include your own Metatool assignments. That way, they are available for you every time you start a new piece. (See the User Manual under METATOOLS for details.) Of course, you can continue this way, clicking staccato marks into the tutorial score thats now on the screen. But dont botherif you want to apply a marking to a whole group of notes, theres an even faster way. With the Articulation Tool selected, drag across the remaining note stems of measure 2. A bold black box will show you which notes youve drag-selected. When you release the mouse button, the Apply Articulation dialog box appears.
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Click Select, and double-click the staccato mark. You return to the Apply Articulation dialog box. Take a glance at the other options; for example, Finale can place this marking only on quarter notes and eighth notes, if you so specify. For now, however, leave All Notes selected. Click OK. You return to the score; the remaining notes now have staccato marks. Finale offers yet another method for entering several articulations at once, and this one is the fastest of them all. It combines the power of Metatools with Finales ability to select a region of notes. From the Edit Menu, choose Undo. The staccato marks you just added are removed. While pressing the A key, drag through the four notes of measure 2. When you release the mouse button, a breath mark is added to each note you selected, since thats the symbol currently assigned to Metatool A. Use c-Z (Mac: a-Z) as a shortcut for Undo.
But lets suppose you really intended to put staccato marks on those notes, and held down the wrong Metatool key by mistake. No problem! While pressing the k key, drag through the notes in measure 2. The breath marks disappear. Now use this technique to enter staccato marks for the entire measure in one quick, easy step: While pressing the S key, drag through all four notes of measure 2. The staccatos are now entered for every note in the measure. You can also edit any number of articulations in the score at once. Drag a box over the first two articulation handles. You can now drag or nudge both of these articulations simultaneously.
Hold down the Shift d key and click or drag over additional articulations. This way, you can pick and choose the articulations you want to position or edit.
EXPRESSIONS: CREATING YOUR OWN EXPRESSIONS

Lets suppose that the Trombone 1 is sometimes playing with a mute (con sordino) and other times without a mute (senza sordino). You wont find these terms in the standard Finale expressions libraries, so youll need to create them yourself. Furthermore, each of these markings should appear only in one part, so youll be creating note expressions. Click the Expression Tool y and double-click on the dotted quarter note in measure 1 (of the Trombone 2 staff). Since you want to create a note expression, you must be sure to double-click on (or below or above) a note or rest. If you don't double-click a specific note, the
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Note option will be grayed out, as in the previous example. The Expression Selection dialog box appears. Youll find that the Text Expressions youre seeking, Con Sordino and Senza Sordino, dont appear in this list. Heres how to create them. Click Create. The Text Expression Designer dialog box appears. Attach markings to the closest note in the score. If you later respace the music, the marking will retain its position relative to the note.
Windows Users, from the Text Menu, choose Font and, then click OK. Macintosh users, from the Text Menu, choose Style, and then Italic. Type the words Con Sordino.
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Click OK, click Note Expression, click Select, click OK. As you proceed through the dialog boxes (by clicking either OK or Select), you may notice that Con Sordino has been added to the list of expressions. You wont have to create it again the next time you need it in this score. You can apply multiple fonts in expressions to create more advanced text, such as tempo markings. Simply click the Text Menu and choose font to specify the new font, size or style for highlighted text, or the next character(s) entered.
When you return to the score, youll see that the Con Sordino markings position was determined by your original click. Feel free to adjust its positioning by dragging its handle. Note expressions are positioned relative to their assigned note (as specified in the Note Positioning tab of the Text Expression Designer dialog box). Scroll to measure 10 and double-click above the first note of the Trombone 2 part. Create the Senza Sordino expression the same way you created the Con Sordino marking and drag the marking into place. Lets suppose you want the musicians to play faster at the chorus or Vivace. You wont find this term in the standard Finale expression sets, so youll need to create it yourself. Click the Expression Tool y and double-click below measure 10. The Expression Selection dialog box appears. Youll find that the Expression youre seeking doesnt appear in this list. Click Create. The Text Expression Designer dialog box appears. Type the word Vivace. Next well add a Tempo playback effect to the marking. Click Playback tab. The Playback options appear. From the Type Menu, choose Tempo. The duration menu appears to the right. Its already set to a quarter note, so well leave it alone. Click in the Set to Value box and type 200. Click OK; click Select. As you proceed through the dialog boxes (by clicking either OK or Select), you may notice that Vivace has been added to the list of expressions. You wont have to create it again the next time you need it. When you return to the score, youll see that the markings position was determined by your original click. Feel free to adjust its positioning by dragging its small square handle. Measure expressions are positioned relative to the alignment point specified in the Measure Positioning tab of the Text Expression Designer dialog box.
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While dragging markings is good for general repositioning, you may sometimes need to make finer position adjustmentswith the nudge keys.
THE NUDGE KEYS (ARROW KEYS)

Click the Vivace marks handle and press the left arrow key. The Vivace marking moves just a pixel (screen dot) to the left. You may have to look very closely to see it move at all. You can continue to reposition any marking whose handle is selected by pressing the up, down, left, and right arrows. These four arrow keysthe directional arrowswill cause tiny positioning changes on almost any Finale object whose handle is selected, including staves, chord symbols, lyrics, parts of triplet brackets, Expressions, and Articulations.
MARKINGS THAT PLAY BACK

Now that youve put a few staccatos and dynamics in your score, try this: While pressing the Space bar, click the first measure (the shortcut for a quick playback). Youll notice that your staccatos and breathmarks actually affect the articulation of the notes in playback! Youll soon discover that all of the dynamic markings (in the Expression Tool) and some of the Articulations have been defined for playback; as soon as you place them into your score, they affect the playback in a musical way. Mac users: when the Playback Controls are visible, simply pressing the Space bar will start playback.
Furthermore, you can create your own expressions and markings, and define them for playback, too. Any word or shape can affect any MIDI variable when you play your scorekey velocity (volume), tempo, transposition, patch, MIDI channel, pitch bend, pedal, and so on. In Tutorial 6, youll learn how to program your own intelligent score markings.
STAFF LISTS: SPECIFYING TARGET STAVES

In the previous sections, you learned how to create a measure expression that appears in every staff, as well as a note expression that appears in only one staff. Sometimes, however, you might need something in betweena marking that is to appear, for example, in every staff of the woodwind section only. Youre in luck. Finales Expression Tool has a built-in feature called Staff Lists, which lets you establish predefined groups of staves in which a given marking is to appear. These staves
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neednt be adjacentfor example, you might use a Staff List to place a rehearsal letter over the first staff in every orchestral section. Click the Expression Tool y. Go to measure 10, and double-click just above the left barline. The standard palette of expressions appears. Make sure that Measure Expression is selected. In this example, youll add a rehearsal letter. Click Create. Type a capital A, and then, in the Enclosure section, click the drop-down menu and choose Rectangle. From this drop-down, you can choose from a number of enclosure shapes. Click Edit. When you click Edit, the Enclosure Designer dialog box appears. Here, you can customize the shape and other attributes for the enclosure.
If you wanted to, you could change the size, positioning, and line thickness of this enclosure. (These variables may need adjustment, since a PostScript printout of enclosures wont always match their appearance on the screen. For more information, see REHEARSAL LETTERS in the User Manual.) Leave it alone for now. Click OK. You return to the Text Expression Designer. Since we dont want our Rehearsal Letters to get hidden in a block rest when we create parts, check the Break Multimeasure Rest box. Click OK. Click on Measure Expression, then click Select. The Measure Expression Assignment dialog box appears.
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There are several items of interest in this dialog box. One of them, Allow individual edits per staff, allows you to put this expression into several staves at onceand yet reposition each one independently. If you dont click this checkbox, the positioning of this marking will change uniformly in all staves at once when you move any one of them. At the moment, though, were interested in the middle section of this dialog box. Click the radio button for Staff List; select New Staff List from the drop-down list. The Staff List dialog box appears. You see a list of the staves in your score. Note the two columns to the right of the staff names, labeled Score and Parts. When you click in the Score column across from a staff name, an X appears. Youve just told Finale to put the expression into this staff. If you click again, the X is replaced by an F. This indicates that Finale will force the expression to appear in this staff, even if youve elected to hide Expressions for this staff in the Staff Attributes dialog box. (See STAFF ATTRIBUTES in the User Manual for further information.) You may check as many or as few staves as you like. In fact, you can put a mark in all staves (or remove marks from all staves) by clicking the Set Score button (or Clear Score button). Take special note, however, of the column called Parts. If you click here, the expression in question will appear in this staffs part. You can put marks independently in the Score and Part columns to create, say, a tempo marking that appears only once (at the top of the page)
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in the full score, and yet appears in every part. For more information, see LINKED PARTS in Tutorial 5. Just for practice, put the rehearsal letter on the Trombone 1 and 4 parts. Click the words Trombone 1 and Trombone 4. Each click puts an X in both the score and the parts for these instruments. If this were a real project, youd also put check marks in the Parts column for the remaining instrumentsbecause youd want these rehearsal letters to appear in every instruments part without cluttering up the conductors score. Click in the text box next to List Name; type Rehearsal Letters and then click Add. Youve just named this staff list.
Click OK. The words Rehearsal Letters now appear in the drop-down list beside Staff List. Finale will remember this configuration in case you want to use it again (which, in the case of rehearsal letters, you probably will). When it comes time to put rehearsal letter B into the score, you wont need to enter the Staff List dialog box at alljust select Rehearsal Letters from the drop-down list and click OK. Click OK to return to the score. The rehearsal letter A appears only in the staves you specified.
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You might ask, If I put a dynamic into the score, but use a Staff List so that it only appears at the top of the conductors score, will it affect the playback of all the other staves? Actually, thats up to you. If you want an Expression to affect playback of staves in which it doesnt appear, put an X across from those staves in the Parts column of the Staff List dialog box.
COPYING AND PASTING EXPRESSIONS

If youve painstakingly put staccato, accent, and tenuto marks into your Trombone 1 part, you certainly dont want to have to reenter them into the other parts. Fortunately, Finale allows you to copy them onto any other music in the score, even if the notes are different. Click the Mass Edit Tool l. Scroll to measure 2, so that its the first measure on the screen. Make sure that Copy and Replace is selected in the Mass Edit Menu. From the Mass Edit Menu, choose Items to Copy. An entry item is a note, a rest, or anything attached to oneas opposed to measure items like key signatures, Smart Shapes, or barlines. The Entry Items dialog box appears, displaying which elements of the music you can copy. You can choose any combination of these elements. Click Uncheck All. Select Articulations. Click OK. Now that youve specified beforehand which items you want copied, all that remains is for you to specify where you want them copied from and to. Click measure 2 in the top staff. That is, highlight the music whose articulations you want to copy. Drag the highlighted measure so that its superimposed on measure 3 (of the same staff). Release the mouse button. The Copy Measures dialog box appears. Click OK. You only want to copy the articulations once. Finale copies the articulations from measure 2 onto the notes of measure 3. If the rhythmic values of the notes in the source and target measures arent identical, Finale does its best to place your articulations on any notes that do occur on the same beats. The technique you just used to copy the articulations from one place to another is an important one, and you can use it any time you need to copy one element of the music to another spot. A common example is chord symbols: In a verse-chorus-verse song, you need only enter the chord symbols for the first verse. Then, with the Items to Copy method you just used, you can copy just the chord symbols from the first verse to the last verseeven if the melody is different each time. Also, if the last verse is in a different key, Finale intelligently and automatically transposes the copied chord symbols to the new key.
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USING LIBRARIES
Suppose youre finished with your brass quartet. Along the way youve created a number of textual expressionsCon Sordino, Senza Sordino, and rehearsal letters, among others. It might save you time later if you put them into a document of their own, ready to use in any other piece that might require them. As mentioned earlier in this tutorial, these sets of symbols are stored in separate files called libraries. From the File Menu, choose Save Library. The Save Library dialog box appears, asking which element of this Finale file you want to store separately. Click Text Expressions, then click OK. Youve told Finale that you want to save the new text expressions, as opposed to, for instance, new chord symbol suffixes, which would be stored in a separate library. As you become more familiar with Finale, you may find yourself wanting to save these other types of libraries; the basic procedure is the same. Youre now asked to name this library. Type Brass Expressions and click Save. The next time you need these markings, open the document in which you want to use them. From the File Menu, choose Open Library, and double-click Brass Expressions in the list box that appears. Thereafter, when you use the Expression Tool, youll see the imported markings in the palette, ready to use. After you quit Finale, you may want to move the Brass Expressions library into the Libraries folder so you can find it easily the next time you want it. It is entirely likely that you will continue to create new text expressions almost every time you use Finale, at least for the first few sessions on your own. If you were to create a new library each time you created a new expression, you could find yourself having to open several library files every time you began a new piece. Fortunately, this problem can easily be avoided by overwriting your existing library file, rather than creating a new library file each time. With the Save Library command, Finale will save every text expression in the piece regardless of whether it was imported from an existing library file or just created during this session. Therefore, if youve already loaded the existing library file, and you also have new text expressions that you want to add to the library, simply follow the steps outlined above, but instead of typing a new file name, type the name of the existing library file. Finale will ask you to confirm that you want to replace the existing file. Click Replace. Note that if you havent already loaded the expressions from the existing library file and you choose to overwrite it, you will lose those expressions. It follows, then, that if there are expressions that you no longer use, you can delete them from the list in the Expression Selection dialog box and then overwrite the existing library file. For further information, consult the User Manual under LIBRARIES. Also, see PROGRAM OPTIONS-FOLDERS in the User Manual for instructions on how to tell Finale where to look for your music and library files.
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Choose Save from the File Menu if you havent already done so. If you think youve done enough for one session, choose Exit (Mac: Quit) from the File Menu, and youll return to the desktop. If you want to go on, close this document and turn to the next tutorial.

Some of the entries in the User Manual contain discussions of topics youve just covered. See, for example: EXPRESSIONS ARTICULATION
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Tutorial 4: Layout and Printing

Although Finale automatically updates the score layout as you enter music, any measure, staff, system, or page can be resized, dragged or nudged as you see fit. Once you learn a few basic Mass Edit and Page Layout procedures, youll see how easy it is to ensure a beautiful and precise layout for any score. To prepare for this lesson, open the document called Tutorial 4, which consists of a barbershop arrangement of Auld Lang Syne.
MEASURE LAYOUT
There are several ways to dictate the arrangement of measures within systems (for example, when youre rearranging measures to avoid awkward page turns). The first method, which employs the Mass Edit Tool, is to specify the number of measures per line. Try this using the Tutorial 4 document youve just opened. Make sure youre in Page View so you can see the effects youre creating. If you have a small monitor, you may want to scale your view. To do so, go to the View Menu, select Scale View to and choose Fit in Window. Click the Mass Edit Tool l. Our music currently looks a bit cramped with 6 measures per line. For this example, well distribute measures to 4 per line. From the Mass Edit Menu, choose Fit Music. The Fit Music dialog box appears.
Make sure Lock Layout with _ Measure(s) per System is selected as well as whole document. 4 should be selected already. If not, enter 4 after Lock Layout with....
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Click OK. Finale re-assigns your music so 4 measures appear on each system. A fourth system is added at the bottom of the page to accommodate this arrangement. You can also select a region of measures and group them in a system using the Lock Selected Measures Into One System command in the Fit Music dialog box. When we set four measures per system, Finale added an additional system on the next page to accommodate the final measure. Next, lets move this orphan measure back to the first page. Click the next page arrow at the bottom of the screen to advance to page 2. Notice the single-measure system at the top of the page. Click anywhere in the system to select the measure. The system is highlighted. Press the up arrow. Finale moves this measure to the previous system on the first page. Similarly, you can click the last measure of a system and press the down arrow to move it to the next system. Try it now. Press Esc to remove selection and then click measure 7. Press the down arrow to move it to the next system and then press the up arrow to move it back. With any of the Fit Music commands, the layout depends on your good judgment. Remember, Finale automatically lays out your music with as many measures as it can fit on a line; youre free to override its placement decisions, but the result may be measures that are too wide or too crowded. By locking a specific number of measures on a system youve created measure groups, Finales system of locking measures within a system (hence the non-printing lock icon ). Be aware that once a measure has been manipulated in this way, the measures are locked into this arrangement, and they wont be affected by future measure-rearranging commands like Update Layout or Begin a New Staff System. You can remove locked measure groups from the piece by choosing Update Layout from the Edit Menu while pressing d, or by selecting the grouped measures with the Mass Edit Tool and choosing Unlock Systems from the Mass Edit Menu.
PICKUP MEASURES
Lets turn the first measure of Auld Lang Syne into a proper pickup measure. There are several ways to do this, but well show you the easiest. This method changes the first measure in the document into a pickup measure. From the Document Menu, choose Pickup Measure. The Pickup Measure dialog box opens, where you can tell Finale how long your pickup lasts. Click the note that corresponds to the sum of the pickup notes. In our example, we have a quarter note.
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Click the quarter note then click OK. Finale hides the half note rest and the quarter note rest and only displays our pickup notes. Finale even fixes the measures numbers to automatically skip the pickup measure. You may have noticed that the notes are still spaced as though the half note rest were still there. Never fear, well fix the spacing in the next section.
SPACING THE MUSIC

As noted earlier in Tutorial 1, Finale is automatically applying proPressing 4 when fessional publisher-standard note spacing to your music as you go measure are highlighted along. (This feature can be turned off by deselecting Automatic with the Mass Edit Tool Music Spacing from the Edit Menu.) Automatic Music Spacing not is a shortcut to Apply only spaces the notes, it is designed to avoid the collision of chords, Note Spacing. lyrics, and other score elements. In most cases, you will never need to worry about this feature. However, you may encounter instances when the music does not appear to be spaced correctly; usually, the automatic spacing hasnt been triggered yet. Here, then, are the steps to follow to perform music spacing (it has not yet been performed in this score so you can see the effects): Click the Mass Edit Tool l. Click just to the left of the top staff, in any staff system. This is a quick way to select an entire staff with one click. Youll notice that the whole line is highlighted. Because we dont want to overlook the bass staff while making spacing decisions, well need to select the bass staff, too. Hold down the d key and click just to the left of the bass staff, in any staff system. Now both staves should be highlighted through the entire piece. From the Mass Edit Menu, choose Music Spacing, then Apply Use Time Signature Note Spacing. When Finales finished, you might notice that the Spacing in the Mass spacing of music and barlines is much more professional looking. Edit Menu, Music Every measure is exactly as wide as it needs to be, and every note Spacing submenu to is allotted exactly the right amount of horizontal space. Music restore default spacing. spaced in this way is said to have nonlinear spacing, as in published music: a whole note doesnt get as much horizontal space as four quarter notesit actually gets much less. For more information about Finales three music spacing types, see the User Manual under MUSIC SPACING. There is one more critical behind-the-scenes function in action here: Update Layout. Again, Finale is configured to perform this function automatically (it can be disabled by deselecting Automatic Update Layout from the Edit menu).
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When you use the Music Spacing command, you correct the spacing of the notes, lyrics, and accidentals of your piece; Finale still must calculate the effects of your respacing on the layout of the measures. If you ever notice that measures seem too wide or too narrow, select Update Layout from the Edit Menu, or press !-U (Mac: a-backslash).
BEAT CHARTS
You just learned how to use the Music Spacing command to neatly space music, lyrics, and accidentals. Youll recall that the procedure was to select the region whose spacing you want to fix, then choose Music Spacing from the Mass Edit Menu. (Remember that Finale is configured to do this automatically.) In using the Music Spacing command, you unlocked a special feature of every measure affected by it: you gave each measure a beat chart. A beat chart is a set of handles that lets you reposition any beat (and the notes that fall on it) in every staff at once. Click the Measure Tool z. Each barline in the piece sprouts two stacked handles. You can drag the top one right or left to widen or compress the measure. When you click the bottom handle, however, its beat chart springs into view. Click the bottom handle of measure 5s ending barline. A beat charttwo rows of square handlesappears above the music. The top row of handles, evenly spaced, show you where the beats would fall if the music were spaced linearly. The bottom row of handles is yours to play with.
When you click the bottom handle of a barline...
4 &4
4 &4
...a beat chart appears. The top row of handles indicates the positions of the beats as theyd fall with linear spacing and the bottom row of handles allows you to move beat positions by dragging
Drag the third lower handle half an inch to the right. When youre finished, youll see that youve actually moved the third beat to the right, in every staff. Lets say you had a many-note glissando for the lead on beat two, you can make room using this technique. While pressing d, drag the second beats bottom handle to the left. When you press d while dragging a handle, you also affect all handles to its right.
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Position the cursor between the first two top handles. Double-click. A new handle appears. When you double-click between two upper handles, you create a handle that controls the halfway point between those two handles. In this case, youve just created a handle that would control the second 16th note if a 16th note pair were entered on the and of 2. Keep the power of these beat charts in mind. In general, let the Music Spacing command handle your spacing for you. But when you need to force some extra room into a measureto make room for a caesura (railroad track) marking, for example, or to create a measure of recitative, beat charts will do the trick. Youll usually want to adjust the music on the score so that the systems are evenly spaced on the page from top to bottom, instead of being tightly spaced in the middle of the page. Also, you may decide to indent the first system. You can make these formatting changes using the Page Layout Tool.
THE PAGE LAYOUT TOOL

The units of measurement Finale normally uses are inches. You can work in whatever units you feel most comfortable with. From the Edit Menu, choose Measurement Units; from the submenu, choose Inches (if its not already selected). You are familiar with inches and centimeters; points, spaces and picas are typographical units (72 points = 1 inch, 12 spaces = 1 inch, and 12 points = 1 pica). An EVPU is an ENIGMA Virtual Page Unit, a very small measurement thats evenly divisible by inches, points, spaces and picasthere are 288 EVPUs per inch. (Remember during the following example that you can choose a different view percentage from the Scale View to submenu of the View Menu in order to see more of the music on the page.) Click the Page Layout Tool f. Your page of sheet music is instantly covered with a series of horizontal and vertical lines with handles attached. Although this may appear confusing at first, the function of the handles will become clear as we examine the page in depth.
To view your entire page, click on the View Menu, select Scale View to, then Fit in Window.
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Page margins
Top and left system margins System Lock icons
Bottom and right system margins System Numbers
The handles (and their associated lines) control two distinct sets of margins: Page margins, which allow you to determine how much of the page (from side to side and from top to bottom) you will use for the music; and staff system margins, which allow you to indent staff systems, increase the space allotted to systems, and so on. A staff system, or system for short, is one line of music, no matter how many instruments (staves) are in it. As you've no doubt already guessed, the lines that run to the edges of the page are the currently defined page margins. The rectangles that enclose the three systems of music are the staff system margins. Each system has two handles, one at the upper left corner and one at the lower right corner. To manipulate any margin, simply drag its handle. You can even dragenclose margin handles or select all margin handles with c-A (Mac: a-A). To move the
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entire system, creating more space between systems for a choreographers note or a title, simply click on the system and drag it into place. The page currently appears based on Finales default layout settings. You might decide there is some extra space above the top system, well move the music higher on the page. Click the top left system margin of the first system and drag down. the middle of the first system (on the staff lines) and drag it down about an inch, as shown: Notice you can also drag this handle left or right to adjust the horizontal position of the left system margin. Once youve selected the handle you can also use the down arrow to nudge the system margin with more precision. For precise positioning, from the Page Layout Menu, choose Systems and then Edit Margins. Here, you can specify spacing numerically. You will notice the values here change as you drag system margin handles.
The spacing on the page remains the same, but now there is room to move the system up (before colliding with the top page margin). When you do, subsequent systems will reposition uniformly. Click anywhere in the top system and drag up and to the right. Keep dragging as far up and to the right as possible. You are only able to move the system until it lies against the right and top page margins. Notice all the systems on the page moved up accordingly. c-click (Mac: a-click) and drag to move systems independently.
Finale can also automatically space the systems evenly down the page with the Space Systems Evenly command. To space the systems, Finale adjusts the Distance Between Systems, without changing the system margins. Because we want to make sure our title doesnt get covered up when we space the systems later, well make the top system margin bigger to include the title. From the Page Layout Menu, choose Space Systems Evenly. In the Space Systems Evenly dialog box, you can tell Finale which pages to space and when to skip pages (such as pages only two systems full). The default settings are fine, so just click OK. Voila! All of your systems are spaced evenly between the top and bottom margins of the page.
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PAGE BREAKS
What if we were creating a medley of barbershop arrangements? You could create each song as a separate file, or just insert a page break to start the next song at the top of a new page. First, well need to add some measures to the end of the piece. Click on the Measure Tool z. From the Measure Menu, choose Add. Type 25 into the dialog box. Click OK. Scroll to page 2. Now we have some extra systems for experimenting. Click the Page Layout Tool f. Handles appear on the page and system margins. Click on system 5. The handle should appear filled in. Youve just selected the system. From the Page Layout Menu, choose Insert Page Break. Finale places the system at the top of a new page. Youll also see a Page Break icon by the system.
Page Break icon
INSERTING OR DELETING SYSTEMS

Lets say we just discovered the arranger inserted an introduction to our song, after all of our careful layout. No problem! Scroll back to page 1. Click system 1 to select it. From the Page Layout Menu, choose Insert Staff Systems. Finale opens the Insert Staff Systems dialog box. Here you can specify how many systems to insert, how many measures, where to insert the system and whether to recalculate the even spacing of the systems. Click in the Insert Systems text box and enter 2. Uncheck Space Systems Evenly then click OK. Finale adds an 8 measure introduction of two systems to the piece. Finale makes it just as easy to remove systems, such as a deleted scene in a musical. Click on the system handle for the first system, then shift-click on the system handle for the second system. Both systems are now selected and should have a filled square. From the Page Layout Menu, choose Delete Staff Systems.
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THE RESIZE TOOL
Youve already experimented with the Scale View To command in the View Menu. This commandand the options on its submenuallow you to zoom in to and zoom out from your document, magnifying or reducing your view of it. During the entire process, however, the actual size of the musicthe printed imageremains precisely the same. The Resize Tool, however, can resize the music itself. For this example, use the document called Tutorial 4 that youve been working on to this point and scroll to page 1. Click the Resize Tool w. The amount of music to be resized depends on where you click on the screen. Click a notehead. The Resize Notehead dialog box appears. The limits of the Resize Tool are 10% to 999%.
Type 200 and click OK. Youve just doubled the size of the notehead (or made it 200% of its original size). To restore it, you must click precisely at the spot where the normal size notehead was. The Resize Notehead dialog box reappears; type 100 and click OK. (Or, select Undo from the Edit Menu.) The reduction and enlargement effects of this tool are not cumulative. If you make a note half its size (50%) and then decide to reduce it again by half, you would type 25% in the Resize Notehead dialog box the second time, not 50%. Scroll to measure 5. Click the stem of the top eighth note in the top staff. The Resize Note dialog box appears, but this time youre resizing the entire note groupin other words, a chord or a series of beamed notes. When you enlarge or reduce an entry group, any lyric or dynamic attached to it also grows or shrinks. Type 50 and click OK. Youve just created cue notes. These are the only two powers of the Resize Tool in Scroll View. From the View Menu, choose Home Position. Click to the left of the top staff. The Resize Staff dialog box appears, this time asking how much to resize the staff.
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Type 80 and click OK. Youve just created a cue (or rehearsal) staff at 80% of the normal staff size. Click between the two staves to the left of a system. When the Resize Staff System dialog box appears this time, there are two additional optionsHold Margins and Resize Vertical Space. Finale is asking whether or not it should maintain the system margins as it resizes the music. If you dont select Hold Margins as you reduce the music, for example, the system will shrink in both dimensions, thus reducing its width. If you do select Hold Margins, Finale will hold the system at its current margin-to-margin width but reduce the music in it so that more measures fit on the line.
To resize a system using Resize Staff System, you must have more than one staff; otherwise, use Resize Staff.
Select Hold Margins if you want the systems on the page to maintain their margin-to-margin width (above, left). Otherwise, Finale reduces the music proportionally in both dimensions (right).
Finale also wants to know whether it should maintain the amount of blank space between this system and the next one, or whether youre reducing that distance as well. Select Resize Vertical Space if you want to tighten up the space between this system and the next. For Resize System,Type 75. Select Hold Margins and Resize Vertical Space (if theyre not already selected). Click on System 1 through 1. Click OK. Now, for practice, try removing an enlargement or reduction. Click between two staves to the left of the first system. For Resize System, enter 100%, and click OK. The system is back to its original size.
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So far youve seen Finale resize a single note, a note group, a single staff, and an entire system. Often, however, youll want to reduce all the music at once, so that you can fit the music on fewer pages. If you cant see the upper-left corner of the page, choose Home Position from the View Menu. Click the upper-left corner of the page. The Resize Page dialog box appears. Type 75. Click OK. NOTE: If you use the Resize Tool on a system or a page, as youve just done, you change the measure widths. Whenever you perform any operation in Finale that changes the measure widths, you must tell Finale to compensate by rearranging the layout of measures. As noted previously, Finale performs an Automatic Update Layout for you; if you have decided to turn this feature off, you'll need to do it manually now. From the Edit Menu, choose Update Layout. Only now does Finale redistribute the measures. If your purpose in reducing the size of the music was to fit more music on fewer pages, you wont see the results until you choose Update Layout.
THE TEXT TOOL

The Text Tool is used to enter text onto a single page or multiple pages. Titles, subtitles, composer credits, page numbers, copyright notices, and dates are good examples. For best results, dont use the Text Tool for musical text like Adagio and rehearsal letters. Use the Expression Tool for these purposes (see Tutorial 3). If you create a document using the Document Setup Wizard, you will be prompted for a title. For this tutorial document, we have provided you with a dummy title, Title. The word Title has brackets around it, to tell you its special, a text insert. Well talk more about text inserts later in this tutorial. Now, youll add a subtitle to Auld Lang Syne. From the View Menu, choose Home Position. In Page View, Home Position shifts the view to the upper-left corner of the page youre working on. (In Scroll View, it returns you to measure 1.) Click the Text Tool [. The Text Menu appears, and the title, Auld Lang Syne, sprouts a small square handle. Double-click the titles handle. An editing frame appears around the text, and a blinking cursor appears within the frame. Auld Lang Syne is enclosed in a gray box which indicates this is a Text Insert. In other words, this text is defined elsewhere so it can be replicated easily. This would be the case if this score were created with the Setup Wizard.
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From the File Menu, choose File Info. If you wanted to change the Title Text (or the Composer or Copyright), you would do it here. For now, well leave this text alone. Click OK. The File Info dialog box disappears and the blinking cursor is still to the left of our title. Press the right arrow key h. The cursor moves to the right of the title text insert. Press Return. The cursor moves to the next line. Now set the font size. From the Text Menu, choose Size, and then choose the desired font size. For a subtitle, a 10or 12-point size should work well. You can also set the typeface by selecting the text and choosing a typeface from the Font dialog box or submenu of the Text Menu. Type Times Gone By. If you want to change the typeface, highlight the new text and choose a new typeface from the Font submenu of the Text Menu. (The title is in Arial 18-point bold). If you want to change the size or style (e.g., bold) of the text, you can make your selection from the appropriate submenu of the Text Menu. Now, change the justification so the subtitle is centered beneath the title. From the Text Menu, choose Justification and then Center. The commands in this submenu allow you to specify how you want your text aligned in the text box. Select Center Horizontally. Finale has centered your subtitle on the page. You can also manually adjust the position of any text block by dragging its handle.
(If the text block shows an editing frame, click anywhere on the page to see its handle.) You might want to adjust the vertical position of your subtitle. To delete a text block, click its handle and press k. In addition to entering titles and special instructions to Note that page numbers are players, the Text Tool can also be used to place page already assigned (starting on page numbers into your score, as well as the document name, 2) when you start a new score using current date, and current time (important features if you the Setup Wizard or a template. plan to update and reprint your score at some future time). Finale provides several useful keyboard shortcuts for many of these features; lets explore some of them here. Double-click in the bottom right corner of the page. An editing frame appears.
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Type Page, type a space, then press !(Mac: a)-d-P. This keyboard shortcut instructs Finale to place a Page number insert at the current cursor position. (You could also select Page Number from the Inserts submenu of the Text Menu.) The number 1 appears, surrounded by a box. The box indicates that this number is not ordinary text, but a dynamic insert, meaning that if you created this insert on the second page of your score, it would display the number 2 instead of the number 1. See TEXT TOOL in the User Manual for a further discussion of inserts. Press !(Mac: a)-d-] (right bracket). This keyboard shortcut instructs Finale to align the text block with the right margin of the page. (You could also select Right from the Placement submenu of the Text Menu.) You have now successfully entered a page number for your score. We can quickly instruct Finale to display your page number on every subsequent page, without having to manually enter a different page number every time. From the Text Menu, choose Frame Attributes. In the Frame Attributes box, you can determine many aspects of how to display your text block. You could display the page number on the outer corner of left and right pages. Well leave the position where it is, but attach the page number to every page in the score. In the Attach to area, click on the word Single Page to drop down a list of choices. Select All Pages, then click OK. Scroll through the pages to see that the correct page number appears on each page. For a further discussion of keyboard shortcuts and the Text Tool in general, see the User Manual topics relating to the TEXT TOOL. If youre satisfied with your work, save it by choosing Save from the File Menu. From the File Menu, choose Print, and click OK in the dialog box that appears. In a moment, your printer should begin to print your score. Read the last section of this tutorial for some hints on printing.
THE GRAPHICS TOOL

In addition to adding text to your document, you may also wish to include a graphic element (a company logo for example) which has been created in a graphics program. Or, in a totally different vein, you may wish to export a Finale-generated musical example into a word processing application. Both the importing and exporting of graphics is performed with the Graphics Tool. Lets start by exporting an example of our piece. From the View Menu, choose Home Position. From the View Menu, choose Scale View and specify 100%.
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For Windows, click on the Window Menu and choose Advanced Tools Palette. Another palette appears docked to the top of the window. Select the Graphics tool e. Double-click and drag-enclose the pickup measure of Auld Lang Syne: Place the mouse pointer up and to the left of the first measure. Double-click the mouse, keeping the button pressed down after the second click, then drag the mouse down and to the right until a diagonal rectangle has enclosed the pickup measure on the screen: now release the mouse button (the dotted outline should remain on the screen). When you selected the Graphics Tool, a Graphics Menu appeared towards the right side of the menu bar at the top of your screen. From the Graphics Menu, select Export Selection. (Note: if Export Selection is grayed out, you haven't successfully drag-enclosed) The Export Selection dialog box allows you to determine what graphics file format you wish to export. The decision of which format you choose will be based on what kind of printer you have (an EPS file will work properly ONLY with PostScript printers) as well as what file formats are accepted by the word processing or desktop publishing application you wish to bring the Finale example into.
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Next to Type, choose TIFF from the drop-down list. (This file type will work with any printer and is generally cross-platform.) The next item in the dialog box refers to which pages you wish to export. Since we chose Export Selection from the Graphics Menu, and not Export pages, this is not applicable to our example, but keep in mind that you could export entire pages without needing to dragenclose the page. Under File Names, select Prompt for each name (if its not already selected). This instructs Finale to ask us what well want to name our file. Youd choose Generate Names if you wanted Finale to generate a file name automatically. Postscript Options are only applicable to EPS files, so these items are grayed out because we chose TIFF as our file type. Next to Resolution choose 300 from the drop-down list. You typically would want to choose a resolution which matches the resolution of your printer: for example, if you have a 600 dpi printer, youd want to choose 600. If you're not sure of your printer's resolution, 300 is a good guess. If you choose a resolution higher than your printers capabilities, the resulting file will be larger than necessary, and this could cause complications when printing. A resolution less than that of your printers capabilities will simply result in a more jagged print out. Note that this option is not available if you chose EPS as your file type. Click OK. The Save TIFF dialog box will appear, allowing you to name your file and determine where it will be located. Youll want to remember where youve saved this file for future reference. Make sure your Finale 2007 folder is specified. For the purpose of this tutorial, we will use the default Finale directory; if you have changed this folder name (or are using a different version of Finale) please replace references to Finale 2007 throughout this tutorial with the name of your Finale folder. Enter tut4picture in the File Name field, and click Save. This file can now be imported into any desktop publishing or word processing application. You will want to look in your specific desktop publishing or word processing manual for the exact steps for importing a graphic: typically this is referred to by the terms Place or Insert. Now that youve created a TIFF file, well import the same file back into Finale. While importing Finale examples into Finale is not necessarily something youd commonly do (although you might to create an incipit measure), the procedure would be the same if you were importing any other type of graphic like a company logo or letterhead. Click anywhere on the screen to remove your previous selection.
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From the Graphics Menu, choose Place Graphic. (you could also double-click on the document windowin Page Viewwhere you'd like the graphic to appear). The Place Graphic dialog box is where you specify the graphic item you wish to import: in this tutorial we'll use the file you saved moments ago. If your Finale 2007 folder is not already chosen, select it now. Click on tut4picture once to select it, then click the Open button. Since you chose Place Graphic rather than double-clicking where you wanted the graphic to appear, Finale is awaiting instruction for placement of the graphic. Place the cursor where you want the upper left-hand corner of the graphic to appear and click the mouse. Your graphic will appear. You can click on the graphic to drag it elsewhere or drag one of the handles to scale it horizontally or vertically. For more information, see the GRAPHICS TOOL in the User Manual.
PRINTING BASICS
There are essentially two kinds of printers that work with Finale: PostScript-equipped printers, suitable for professional publishing; and non-PostScript printers, including inkjet and bubblejet printers. Finales output truly shines when you print on a PostScript printer. PostScript is a page-description language spoken by computers and printers, just as MIDI is a language spoken by computers and MIDI keyboards. (If you want truly typeset-quality printing, you can take your Finale files on a disk to an output shopsomething like a copy shopand have it printed on a Linotronic imagesetter, a very expensive PostScript machine that creates published-quality printouts.) Just as A, B, and C are characters in a standard text font, notes and musical symbols are characters in Finales music font, called Maestro. Maestro, and the other fonts that come with Finale, is provided as a Postscript and TrueType font. All text and musical symbols should look outstanding at any size. However, when you print at reduced sizes, a non-PostScript printer produces unevenly spaced staff lines, slightly stairstepped eighth-note beams, or somewhat jagged slurs (because these lines and shapes are actually graphics and not font items). From the File Menu, choose Print and click OK in the dialog box that appears. In a moment, your printer should begin to print your score.
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Youve learned some very important concepts in this tutorial. In fact, these techniques and principles constitute much of the editing work youll need to do in Finale. Heres a quick review of what youve covered, in order: 1. Use the Measure Tool and Mass Edit to arrange measures. 2. Use the Music Spacing command to space and align notes, avoid collisions of lyrics and accidentals, and set ideal measure widths. 3. Especially after using the Music Spacing command, its important to choose Update Layout from the Edit Menu, so you can see what the final layout will be. You should get in the habit of updating the layout just before printingso that you never get unexpected results when you print. 4. Use the Page Layout Tool to adjust the spacing of all systems on the page. 5. Use the Text Tool to add titles, composer credits, copyright notices, and so on. 6. Use the Graphics Tool to Import/Export Graphics. If youve had enough for this session, choose Exit (Mac: Quit) from the File Menu. If you want to go on, close the document you have open.

Some of the entries in the User Manual contain discussions of topics youve just covered. See, for example: AUTOMATIC UPDATE LAYOUT FONTS MASS EDIT TOOL MEASURE LAYOUT TITLES SPACE SYSTEMS EVENLY GRAPHICS TOOL BARLINES PAGE LAYOUT PRINTING SYSTEMS TEXT INSERTS RESIZE MEASURE NUMBERS WORD EXTENSIONS
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Tutorial 5: Working with Scores and Parts

Its time to learn about Finales more powerful score-oriented features. If you plan to work mainly on lead sheets, you may just want to skim this section. But if you intend to create multistaff scoresparticularly orchestral scoresyou will want to go through this whole tutorial. By the end of this tutorial, you should be able to create from scratch a conductors score and parts. If you have a document currently open, close it. Open the document called Tutorial 5. This document currently consists of a single staff, filled with music. From the View Menu, select Scroll View. You may find that it is easier to do all of your editing work in Scroll View (where the music is laid out in a continuous horizontal band), especially when working with scores that contain several staves. Click the Staff Tool s. From the Staff Menu, choose New Staves. The New Staves dialog box appears, asking how many staves youd like to add, and how much distance you want between them. The negative number in this box is the distance from the top of one staff to the top of the next. Here, a positive number measures upward; a negative number measures downward. Type 3 and click OK. Finale has added three evenly spaced staves, giving you a total of four; lets imagine that youre going to create a string quartet. You can reposition a staff by grabbing its handle and dragging it up or down. To remove a staff, click it and then press k. To see more staves, select a smaller view percentage from the View Menu, Scale View submenu.
SETTING CLEFS AND STAFF NAMES

If you use the Setup Wizard, youll have all of the clefs and staff names setup for you. If you decide you dont like what the Wizard chose, you can always edit them using the techniques below. Well edit the new staves to match the appropriate clefs and names for a string quartet. Click the top staff. When you click anywhere on the staff to the right of the time signature, you select the staff. You can also use the Staff Tool to select measures, such as for applying a Staff Style. Well cover Staff Styles later in this tutorial. From the Staff Menu, select Edit Staff Attributes. The Staff Attributes dialog box appears. (You can also double-click the staff.) The full name of the instrument will appear next to the staff in the first system (line) of the piece. The abbreviated name will appear next to subsequent systems. Click the Edit button across from Full Name. The Edit Text window appears.
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Type Violin I; click OK. Click the Edit button across from Abbr. Name. Type Vln. I; click OK. Incidentally, you establish the global position of staff names using Dont use j to the commands in the Set Default Name Positions submenu of the exit the Edit Text Staff Menu, and you establish the default font for staff names using dialog box. Finale the Fonts section of the Document Options dialog box (under the will think you want Document Menu). This will affect all staff names which have not yet to add a new line. been created; it will not change existing staff names. Once youve created a staff name, you can edit its font by using the Font command in the Text Menu, which appears in the Edit Text window. The global positioning setting can be overridden by clicking the Position buttons in the Staff Attributes dialog box. For example, by clicking the Position checkbox and button right now, you can nudge the abbreviated name, Vln. I, closer to the staff. The clef for the first violin is the treble clef; since thats the default, you dont have to change it.
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You could click OK at this point; youd return to the score, where the first staffs name would now appear. However, as long as youre at it, you may as well set up the other staves: From the staff drop-down list at the top of the Staff Attributes dialog box, choose [Staff 2]. The contents of the dialog box change to reflect the staff attributes of the second staff in the score. Name this staff Violin II, and enter Vln. II as its abbreviated name. Once again, you can move directly to the attributes box for the next staff without having to go back to the score: From the staff drop-down list, choose [Staff 3]. Youre now looking at the attributes for the third, or viola, staff. Type Viola as the full staff name, and Vla. as the abbreviation. Near the clef display, click Select. The Clef Selection dialog box appears. Finale allows you to use up to sixteen different clefs in a particular document. You can even design your own clefs in the Clef Designer. For now, we want the alto clef. Double-click the alto clef (the second clef in the top row).
From the staff drop-down list, choose [Staff 4]. Enter the full name, Cello, and the abbreviation, Vc. Click OK. To the left of the clef display, click Select and double-click on the bass clef (the fourth clef in the top row). Click OK. If you want to adjust the overall positioning of the new instrument names, choose Full Staff Names or Abbreviated Staff Names from the Set Default Name Positions submenu of the Staff Menu. Youll see a dialog box that lets you drag the staff name wherever you want relative to the staff itself.
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SELECTING PARTIAL MEASURES; TRANSPOSING A REGION
Up to this point, youve done all your manipulation of music in one-measure increments. Using the Mass Edit Tool, youve clicked a measure to select it, drag-enclosed several whole measures, clicked the first measure and d-clicked the last measure, or clicked in the left margin to select an entire staff. But selecting a measure at a time is like selecting a word at a time in a word processorits a nice shortcut, but sometimes you need to select in smaller units. What if you want to select half a measureor only one note? Click the Mass Edit Tool l. From the Edit Menu, choose Select Partial Measures. When Select Partial Measures is on, you can select any slice of a measurefrom a single note to a motif that crosses several barlines. In the musical example you have on the screen, for example, suppose you decide that a certain passage in the Violin I part would sound better if it were up a third. Scroll to measure 6. Click and hold in measure 6, just above and before the third beat. Drag down and to the right, until youve selected the first two eighth notes in measure 7. When you release the mouse button, the region is highlighted.
3 3 b b # n & # n #
6
From the Mass Edit Menu, choose Transpose. The Transposition dialog box appears.
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Choose the radio buttons for Up and Diatonically. From the Interval drop-down list, choose Third. Click OK. You return to the score, and the selected region is now up a third. When you use Partial Measure Selection, clicking a measure doesnt select the whole measureit only marks the beginning of a region that youre about to drag across. Therefore, if you do want to select a whole measure when Partial Measure Selection is on, double-click the measure. (If you double-click a second time, and your score has more than one staff, you extend the selection vertically, to include that single measure in every staff.) Use the following key commands to quickly transpose a selected region: 6 = Up M2 7 = Down M2 8 = Up octave 9 = Down Octave
The technique you just learnedselecting a region, then applying a command from the Mass Edit Menuis extremely powerful. Select some music, and then take a glance at the commands in this Menu. In addition to Transpose, they include Rebar (useful when youve written out a piece in K and you suddenly realize it works better in M); Rebeam (which affects how notes are beamed together after youve already entered the music); Fit Music (which, in Page View, forces a group of selected measures into one system); and many other convenient features. With a combination of Partial Measure Selection and the Mass Edit Menu, you should be able to transform any music in your score in any way you can imagine. For a blow-by-blow description of the other Mass Edit commands, see MASS EDIT TOOL in the User Manual.
HIDING STAVES (STAFF SETS)

If you plan to work on larger orchestral scores, you may become impatient with the time it takes the computer to redraw the screen after each change you make. Fortunately, Finale can greatly speed your work up by hiding the staves in Scroll View that youre not currently editing. If you want to permanently hide staves, see OPTIMIZING SYSTEMS later in this tutorial. Lets say, for example, that you want to work just on the Violin I and Viola lines; you want to hide the blank staves so Finale wont waste time redrawing them. From the View Menu, choose Scroll View. Click the Staff Tool s. First youll use the Staff Tool to tell Finale which staves you want to see. Click the handle of the Violin I staff. Then, while pressing d, click the handle of the Viola staff. d-clicking allows you to select several staves one at a time, even if theyre not adjacent in the score. Now that youve specified the staves, its time to program one of the Staff Sets.
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While pressing and holding ! (Mac: b), select the View Menu, then choose Program Staff Set; choose Staff Set 1 from the submenu that pops out. (Dont release !/b until you choose the Staff Set). Youve just programmed Staff Set 1 to display only the first and third staves. (In Finale, pressing ! (Mac: b) often means Im programming something. In the View Menu, Finale actually displays different commands depending on whether or not you were holding down the !/b key when you opened the menu.) As soon as you program Staff Set 1, the two blank staves vanish. Theyre still part of the piece; theyre just hidden for the moment. Furthermore, you can rearrange staves in each Staff Setdragging them up or down as much as you wantwithout disturbing the staff order in the full-score view.
INSERTING STAVES
Lets say we add a flute to our string quartet. We could use the same technique for adding staves as before, but this time well save some work and let the Wizard create them. From the View Menu, choose Select Staff Set, then All Staves. If at any time you wish to return to the full-score view of your piece, select All Staves. Click the Staff Tool s. The Staff Menu appears. We want to insert our flute staff above the Violin I staff. Click on the handle of the Violin I staff. The staff handle is a small box on the top staff line near the clef. From the Staff Menu, choose New Staves (with Setup Wizard). The Parts page of the Setup Wizard appears. From the Instrument drop-down list, choose SmartMusic SoftSynth. Then choose Woodwinds. Double-click on the Flute in the middle column. The Flute instrument appears in the selection window. Click on the Finish button. The Wizard adds a Flute staff above our selected staff, in this case the Violin I staff.
TRANSPOSING INSTRUMENTS
But what if we made a mistake? What if we really wanted to add a clarinet? You could delete the flute staff and add a clarinet from the Wizard, but lets say youve already added music and you dont want to lose it. Weve already seen how to change the staff name earlier in this Tutorial, so well just cover how to change the staff from a C instrument to a transposing instrument.
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Click the Staff Tool s. Double-click on the Flute staff to the right of the clef and signatures. The Staff Attributes dialog box for the Flute staff appears. Using the techniques you learned earlier, change the Staff Names to Clarinet and Cl., but dont exit the Staff Attributes dialog box. Click the Transposition box and click Select. The Staff Transpositions dialog box appears. You could design your own transposition, but you dont need to for common instruments, such as a clarinet, french horn or saxophone.
Next to Key Signature, click on None to open a menu of choices. Select (Bf) Up M2, Add 2 sharps. Click OK twice. Your staff should now look like a clarinet staff, complete with transposition. All of the other non-transposing staves have two flats in the key signature, while the top staff has no flats in a Bf transposition.
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STAFF STYLES
Lets say you wanted your woodwind player to switch between flute and clarinet in the middle of the piece - not uncommon for a jazz band piece. The Staff Attributes sets the default transposition for the staff through the entire piece, but Staff Styles add the ability to shape your staff on a measure by measure basis. Staff Styles can do a lot more than just transpositions; for more information, see STAFF STYLES in the User Manual. For this experiment, well switch to flute for measure 5 through 8. Click the Staff Tool s. From the Edit Menu, choose Select Partial measures to turn it off. From the View Menu, choose Page View. Scroll to the second page by clicking on the right arrow next to Page at the bottom of the window. Transposition Staff Styles must be applied to a full measure.
Click on the first measure of the top system - Clarinet staff, then d-click on the last measure of the Clarinet staff on the top system. Make sure you dont click to the left of the staff or you may accidentally select every measure in the staff. The Staff Style well apply will affect only the measures weve selected without changing the clarinet transposition for the rest of the piece. From the Staff Menu, choose Apply Staff Style. The Apply Staff Style dialog box appears with a selection of pre-defined Staff Styles. Keep in mind you can create your own Staff Styles to suit your own needs. You can even create a library of Staff Styles you can load into any document. Double-click on Flute Transposition. (You may need to scroll down). Your clarinet staff now has a flute staff name and a C instrument transposition. Note that Finale adds a blue bar above the measures. These non-printing bars show you where Staff Styles have been applied and can be turned off in the Staff Menu (uncheck Show Staff Styles.) If you scroll back to page 1, youll see that your earlier measures are still in a clarinet transposition and dont have marker bars.
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OPTIMIZING SYSTEMS
This section is critical for people who plan to work with orchestral scores. When a publisher assembles an orchestral score, its customary to remove any staff, within a given system, that consists entirely of rests. If, for example, you have a score for a 24-piece orchestra that begins with a 16-measure flute solo, you probably dont want that flute solo to consume four full score pageswith 23 blank instrumental staves on each page. Instead, youd want the flute line to appear by itself for the first few lines of music.
Finale can perform this suppression of blank staves for you, either one staff system at a time or for the whole piece at once, in a process called optimizing systems. Its very important that you understand how this process works. When you optimize the first system of music, Finale memorizes the status of all staves in the score; it stores the fact that only the flute part has notes in it and that all the others are empty. Finale will steadfastly hold onto its conception of the staff arrangement, however, even if you later add music to currently blank staves. For example, if you decide that the clarinet should double the flute soloand you write the music into its partFinale will still print only the flute part, because thats the only staff that had music at the time you optimized systems. In this instance, you would have to unoptimize and then reoptimize all those staff systems. Therefore, its best to optimize systems only after your music is exactly as you want it. This example assumes youre in Page View, with the Tutorial 5 document open. Click the Page Layout Tool f. The Page Layout Menu appears.
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From the Page Layout Menu, choose Optimize Staff Systems. The Staff System Optimization dialog box appears. You have two primary options. You can either optimize the specified systems or unoptimize them. If you optimize, you have a few choices on how Finale handles the optimization. Youll want to Remove Empty Staves and Keep At Least One Staff, but turn off Ask Before Removing Staves. This option allows you more fine-tuned control over optimizing, but Finale works faster without it. If you unoptimize, youll restore the suppressed staves to the printed image. If you leave the All systems of current part or score radio button selected in the Change area, the command affects the entire piece. In a full orchestra score, youd want to optimize system 2 through the end. The first system will display the full forces of the piece, but suppress empty staves through the rest of the score.
Click OK, and move back to page one. Take a look at the scoreinstead of five staves, only one is visible. Because the other four were blank, they were removed from the display. Finale lets you know the systems have been optimized by displaying a non-printing optimization icon (shown in the next image). If you wanted to restore the staves, youd repeat this example; but in the Staff System Optimization dialog box, youd select Remove Staff System Optimization.
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Optimization icons
If theres a certain staffeven an empty onethat you want to retain even though the display of the other blank staves is suppressed (for instance, the empty left hand of a piano part), theres a quick way to ensure that it doesnt get hidden. Finale decides whether or not a staff is empty by looking for entriesnotes or rests; in other words, if it finds nothing in a given system but the default whole rests, the staff gets hidden. All you need to do, therefore, to force the display of a staff is to enter a real whole rest in any one of the measures. (Click a measure with the Speedy Entry Tool and press the 7 key.) Finale considers this real whole rest an entry, because you put it thereas opposed to the default whole rests Finale puts in every empty measureso that it wont suppress the staff when optimizing. You could also double-click the staff with the Staff Tool and deselect Allow Optimization. For more details, see the User Manual under the STAFF ATTRIBUTES DIALOG BOX. There may even be times when youll want to optimize your staves, even if all the staves are full of music since optimized staves can be moved independently within systems with the Staff Tool (see STAFF HANDLES in the User Manual). When you do this, staves in other systems are not effected. Furthermore, with optimization on, you can create new staff groups and rebracket them accordingly (see BRACKETS: STAVES in the User Manual). Keep this fact in mind when you have a piece in which the distance between staves (or the bracketing configuration) must vary from system to system.
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LINKED PARTS
After you have optimized, the score should be all but complete. Its now Optimization can be time to deal with the parts. In the Finale of old, when the score was finished and you were ready to generate parts, you needed to extract them added or removed at into autonomous documents, which themselves needed to be cleaned up any time - before or after parts have been and individually prepared for printing. Any change to the score generated. required an edit to all respective parts. Today, parts are integrated within the score and the content is intelligently linked. Edit to music in the score also apply to the part. Changes to notation in either score or part applies to the other respectively, but many elements in parts, such as expressions and text, can be edited independantly. In this section, you will learn how to create, manage, edit, and print parts using Linked Parts technology. Whenever you begin a document with the Setup Wizard (or add a staff with the New Staves (with Setup Wizard) command), you have the option to Generate Linked Parts. When you check this box, upon completing the wizard, Finale generates the parts based on the instruments you chose. To view parts, from the Document Menu, choose Edit Parts, and then select the part - the part name is always originally the same as the staff/group name from the score.
Theres no hurry to create linked parts however, they can be added at any time. You might even wait until the score is complete before generating them (if, for example, you are working with a scores created in a version prior to Finale 2007.) Our Tutorial 5 document does not yet contain parts, so lets generate them now (to start from this point, open Tutorial 5a): The Page Layout Tool f should still be selected (if it isnt, choose it now). From the Page Layout Menu, choose Optimize Staff Systems. Check Remove staff system optimization, and click OK. Now all staves in the score are visible. (For our purposes, this will make it easier to distinguish between the score and parts). From the Document Menu, choose Manage Parts. The Manage Parts dialog box appears. Click Generate Parts. Finale populates the list with one part for each instrument. Finale names the part based on the instrument name. If a grand staff were in the score, Finale would have added a single part and used the group name for the part.
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Click Edit Part Definition to change the part name, add or remove staves, and make other advanced edits to your parts.
Click OK. Finale generates the parts. You can choose a part under the Edit Menu. Or, easily navigate between them by holding down (Windows users) ! and @, (Mac users) b and a, and pressing . (period) or , (comma) . Or, choose a part from the View Menu. As mentioned earlier, notation changes (such as changing pitches and rhythms) made to either the part or the score apply to the other respectively. Change the pitch of a note in the part and check the score to see for yourself. Since other markings, such as expressions, often need to be positioned differently in the parts than in the score, the positioning link between an expression in a part and its parent can be broken. Click the Expression Tool y. In the score, double-click beneath the top staff, measure 1.
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Double-click the
measure expression appears beneath the first measure of each staff. You can now OK. A reposition this expression - as you do, you are setting the position for both score and parts. Next, well specify the positioning for this expression in a part, but not the score. From the Document Menu, choose Edit Part, then Violin 1. You are now viewing the Violin I part. Click and drag the marking to the right. By repositioning the expression in the part, you are breaking this expressions positioning link. The expression changes color, to orange, indicating the link has been broken. When you reposition an expression in a part, your change only applies only to that part, and future positioning changes to that expression in the score do not apply to that part. From the Document menu, choose Edit Score. The position of the expression in the score remains unchanged. If you view the other parts you will notice they havent changed either. Click and drag the the score. You can view the score and a part (or several parts) simultaneously. From the Window Menu, choose New Window. Then Tile Horizontally or Vertically (Win)/Tile Windows (Mac). These are independent views of the same document.
F marking, then ensure the All Staves radio button is selected and click
F expression to the right in
From the Document Menu, choose Edit Part, then Violin 1. Notice the expression remains where you positioned it previously. Now, lets say you decide this expression should be linked to the one in the score as it was originally. Windows users right click, Mac users, !click and choose Relink To Score. The expression returns to the position specified in the score. Positioning changes to this expression in the score also apply to this expression as they did originally. Note you can relink an expression in all parts by selecting Relink In All Parts from the Expression context menu in the score. Expressions are only one of many types of elements that can be edited this way. Text, repeat markings, articulations, chords, and other markings behave similarly. See LINKED PARTS in the User Manual for details.
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When the score and parts are nearing completion, its time to transform consecutive empty measures into multimeasure rests. Choose the Measure Tool z. From the Measure Menu, choose Multimeasure rests, and then Create for Parts/Score. The Select Parts/Score dialog box appears.
Check each part you want to change. Generally, score files do not contain multimeasure rests, so for now, well choose every part except the score. Click OK. Finale applies multimeasure rests to consecutive empty measures based on your settings in Document Options-Multimeasure Rests (under the Document Menu). After creating multimeasure rests, you may want to visit each part to ensure the measure and system layout meets your approval. For example, if a measure occupies a whole system at the end of the part, you can use the Mass Edit Tool to fix it (select the measure and press the up arrow key on your keyboard). When parts are complete, print them directly from the project file. Simply choose Print from the File Menu and check the parts you want to print. See PRINTING LINKED PARTS in the User Manual for details.
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Close your string quartet document, saving it if you want. In the next tutorial, well cover some techniques to make your score sound as good as it looks. If you wont be playing back your scores, feel free to skip ahead to Tutorial 7.

Some of the entries in the User Manual contain discussions of topics youve just covered. See, for example: CLEFS PRINTING STAFF NAMES STAFF STYLES OPTIMIZING SYSTEMS TRANSPOSING INSTRUMENTS TRANSPOSING (BY INTERVAL) STAVES HIDING STAVES LINKED PARTS
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Tutorial 6: Playback
It may be that youre more interested in using Finale as a notation-based pseudo-sequencer than as a notation program. If so, this tutorial will introduce you to some of Finales special playback and MIDI capabilities. If you dont plan to playback with Finale, skip ahead to Tutorial 7. One of Finales strengths is its versatile playback and MIDI editing capabilities. You have extensive of control over broad-scale playback effects, and of course, the most minute details. For example, you can choose to playback using professional GPO instrument sounds, indicate your piece is to be performed in a Reggae style with Human Playback, and then adjust the volume and panning in real time with Finales mixer controls. Then, if a section doesnt sound exactly as you like, use the MIDI Tool to rework the most subtle detail. This chapter will first guide you through the easy ways to get your music sounding great, and then delve into some advanced MIDI editing topics for the perfectionists.
ASSIGNING MIDI CHANNELS AND INSTRUMENTS

Usually, the first step to preparing a score for playback is assigning instruments to staves. If you began your score (or added staves) with the Setup Wizard, instruments have been assigned for you automatically. Even so, you may need to edit the channel, patch, or bank depending on your MIDI output device. For example, setting each staff to its own channel allows you to make changes to each staff individually in real-time using the Mixer or Staff Controls. You can modify the instrument sound, volume, panning, and channel for every staff individually. Furthermore, you can adjust all of these settings for separate layers (voices) within a single staff. In this section, youll learn how to manipulate the channel and instrument for staves using the Instrument List. Close any documents you have open, and open the document called Tutorial 6. This document is a short arrangement for piano, bass, strings, and harp. (If you are having difficulty seeing all of the staves on your monitor, select a different view percentage from the Scale View to submenu of the View Menu.) From the Window Menu, choose Instrument List. The Instrument List appearsa staff-by-staff listing of your score. Each staff name has several columns. Make sure that the Send Patches Before Play check box, found in the lower-left corner of the Instrument List window, is checked.
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Click to silence a staff. Click to Solo a staff (silences all other staves). Click again to un-mute the staff. Click again to resume normal playback. Click to set this staff as the recording staff. Click the arrow to expand the staff listing, so that you can view the individual layer assignments. Click here to enter a specific volume. Click here to enter a specific pan value. With Send Patches Before Play on, Finale will use this program number (or patch) when you play back using General MIDI. Click and type to change the MIDI channel for the instrument Use this column to enter a bank.
Click the arrow to choose an instrument for the staff from a list.
Click the arrow to choose a General MIDI patch.
An Instrument contains the information needed to access a specific MIDI sound. This includes a name for identification of the Instrument, a channel number to send the information on, and Patch information, consisting of Program change and optional bank change data. An Instrument can be assigned to several stavesif you write a piano part, for example, youll certainly want both staves to play over the same MIDI channel and the same piano sound, so youd designate the two staves using the same Instrument. An Instrument can also be used for just one layer of a staff. If you wrote a flute and a clarinet part both on a single staff, but in different layers, each one could have its own Instrument, and thus have its own MIDI channel and patch assignment. As you can see from the previous diagram, the Instrument List gives you a convenient way to control which staves play back. Click in the Mute column (M) to mute a staffor click in the Solo column (S) to isolate a staff (and silence the others). From the Instrument drop-down list across from the [Staff 3] staff, choose New Instrument. Youll need to scroll up to see New Instrument. The Instrument Definition dialog box appears. Name this Instrument Harp. Then, type 2 in the Channel text box. Youll need to set each instrument to a unique channel, so we can send MIDI data to each instrument independently.
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Next to General MIDI, youll see 1: Acoustic Grand Piano. Click on the down arrow and choose 47: Orchestral Harp. GPO users, note the General MIDI sound selected does not apply to GPO for playback in any way. If you intend to use GPO for playback only (or any non-General MIDI device), this step is not necessary. For further discussion of the Bank Select, Program Change, and General MIDI options, consult the User Manual under INSTRUMENT DEFINITION DIALOG BOX. Click OK. The Instrument List shows the new Instrument name for the first staff. From the Instrument drop-down list across from the [Staff 4] staff, choose Harp. The same instrument defined for the previous staff also applies to this one. From the Instrument drop-down list across from the Strings staff, choose New Instrument. Name the Instrument Strings, and assign it to Channel 3. From the General MIDI Menu, choose 49: String Ensemble 1. Click OK.
Notice that the Piano and Piano (LH) staves are already assigned to an instrument called Grand Piano on channel 1. You can leave these two staves alone. You don't have to create new Instrument names. If you find it easier, you can just edit one of the existing names provided by Finale. From the Instrument drop-down list across from the Bass staff, choose Acoustic Bass. Your final setup should look like this:
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If necessary, drag the Instrument List box so that you can see the first measure. Windows users, while pressing the Space bar, click the first measure. Macintosh users, just press the Spacebar. If Finales SmartMusic SoundFont is selected under the MIDI Menu, or your MIDI device is correctly configured, youll hear the arrangement performed. Click the score to stop playback (Macintosh: Press the Spacebar again). Now suppose you decide to play the piano part on a different channelchannel 11, for example. Edit the Chan. column for one Piano staff. Since both Piano staves are assigned to the Piano Instrument, Finale changes the channel assignment of both staves to channel 11 automatically. When you do this, the general MIDI instrument will also change for both staves (since there is another instrument definition using channel 11, in this case, Bassoon). Click the drop-down (Macintosh: popup) menu under the GM column and choose the Piano sound for one of the piano staves. They will both change to the piano sound. Before moving on, change the Piano staves back to channel 1. Close the Instrument List window by clicking its close button. Choose Save from the File Menu so that this piece will be ready to play the next time you open it.
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USING KONTAKT FOR FINALE WITH GARRITAN PERSONAL ORCHESTRA (GPO)
Up to this point youve probably been listening to Finales performances using the standard General MIDI sounds. Although the SmartMusic SoftSynth is a first-rate GM SoundFont, Finale also offers professionally sampled sounds from Garritan Personal Orchestras renowned collection of world-class instrument libraries. These are real instrument recordings that have been professionally mastered, offering the most realistic sounding playback imaginable. An assortment of GPO instruments is included with your Finale package, and can be selected while starting a new score with the Setup Wizard, or assigned to existing instrument staves. You can use a MIDI hardware device, the SmartMusic SoftSynth, or a Native Instruments player (such as the Kontakt player) for playback, but only one of these methods for any given document.
Note the recommended system requirements for GPO are higher than Finales recommended system requirements. In order to make the most of GPO, you should have at least 1 GB of RAM and a processor speed of 1.8 GHz on Win and a G4 of 733 MHz on Mac. This steps in this section require at least 512 MB of RAM. Close all applications other than Finale. To specify you want to use GPO instruments while beginning a new score, do the following. (Do not close Tutorial 6, well continue where we left off soon). Launch the Setup Wizard. Either click Setup Wizard in the Launch Window, or, from the File Menu, choose New > Document with Setup Wizard. Enter a Title, Composer, and Copyright and click Next to move to page 2. In the upper left corner, after Instrument Set, click the drop-down menu and choose Garritan Personal Orchestra Finale Edition. A new set of instruments appear in the lists below. Add these instruments and complete the wizard as you would normally. When the score appears, all staves are setup to use GPO instruments automatically. Enter some notes and click the Play button in the Playback Controls to audition these instrument sounds. Of course, you can also assign GPO instruments to existing staves. When doing so, you also need to assign the staves corresponding channel in the Kontakt Player. Heres how: From the Window Menu, choose the Tutorial 6 file we were working with earlier. It will be at the bottom of the Window Menu and titled Tutorial 6.mus. From the MIDI Menu, Windows users choose Native Instruments VST Setup. Mac users choose Native Instruments AU Setup. The Native Instruments VST/AU Setup dialog box appears. Windows users press CtrlTab, and Mac users, Command- to switch between active documents.
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Check Play Finale File Through Native Instruments VST/Audio Units. For our purposes, consider Audio Units the Mac equivalent of VST in Finale. From the drop-down menu to the right of 1-16, choose Finale GPO. Note that in the future you can choose Finale GPO for all of these slots. Each incarnation of the player can house 8 different instruments, so you can use up to 64 total in a document simultaneously. Click the Edit button to the right. The Kontakt Player for Finale with Garritan Personal Orchestra appears. The Kontakt Player can be used to make adjustments to tuning, key velocity and other instrument attributes. However, by far the most common usage of this player for Finales purpose will be assigning GPO instruments to channels equivalent to those specified for that instruments staff in the Instrument List.
Click the Load button and select Keyboards > Steinway Piano. Notice this choice now occupies the first slot at the top of the player interface. Notice the Channel region is set to channel 1. Remember the Piano staff is already set to channel 1 in the Instrument List. You might want to open the Instrument List and move it to the top of the screen as a reference while assigning channels with the Kontakt Player. Click and drag the Mod wheel (lower left) up almost to the top. You will need to click the Mod wheel every time you add a sound. This is GPOs volume/expression control, and clicking it sets the sound to an audible volume. Click the second slot at the top, then click Load > Harp > 1KS Combo. Slot 2 is automatically set to channel 2. Click the Mod wheel. Harp 1 KS Combo appear in the second slot.
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Next, add Section Strings > Full Strings > Full Strings Arco, and set it to channel 3, then a Dbl Bass Plr1 and set it to channel 4. Be sure to click the Mod wheel after you add each one. Now that all instruments have been set, close out of the Kontakt Player. If the Playback Controls are not visible, from the Window Menu, choose Playback Controls. Click the Play button to review playback. Finale plays your score using the GPO instruments you selected. Remember that each incarnation of the Finale GPO Kontakt Player only accommodates 8 instruments. Therefore, if you are using kontakt for Finale with GPO and would like to use separate GPO instruments for 9 or more staves, you will need to add another device in the Native Instruments VST/AU Setup dialog box. Finales included Kontakt 2 player offers more advanced options. Refer to KONTAKT PLAYER 2 in the User Manual for details. If you plan to use GPO regularly, set staves to consecutive ascending channels in the Instrument List as we did in this tutorial. (Set the top staff to channel 1, second staff to channel 2, etc.) When you do so, you will never need to edit the channel each time you change GPO sounds in the Kontakt Player. Also note the Document Setup Wizard automatically assigns channels to staves this way.
THE MIXER
As you listen to your document, you may discover a need to adjust Volume, panning, and the balance of individual staves. For example, you may want to instrument controls in the increase the volume of the flute section, or move the trumpet secMixer and Studio View tion to the right side of the stage using panning controls. You can Staff Controls are linked. use Finales Mixer controls to make these adjustments. The Mixer A change to a setting in allows you to make real-time playback adjustments to the full one of these two places score, or each staff individually. The mixer settings you apply are applies to both. post-processed on top of existing playback data, so all existing MIDI data, including HP, is left as-is (as if you were sending the music from your computer through a conventional mixer). Mixer settings appear in the Mixer window and Staff Controls. There is even a view, Studio View, designed specifically for auditioning your score. To view these controls, do the following. From the View Menu, choose Studio View. Your music is stretched across the page as if you were in Scroll View. The Staff Controls appear to the left of your staves. The Staff Controls are permanently affixed to the left of your staves in Studio View (and only available in Studio View).
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From the Window Menu, choose Mixer. The Mixer window appears. All the staff controls appear at first. In the following example the Mixer is minimized. Mac users, click and drag the lower right-hand corner to adjust the size of the mixer. Windows users, move your cursor over the edge until you see a double-sided arrow, then click and drag to resize the mixer.
Macintosh Windows
The Master controls apply to the full score and include a volume slider, reverb dial and room size dial. Staff Controls include a volume slider, pan dial, and instrument selector, as well as Solo, Mute, and Record buttons. All Staff Control settings are redundant to the staff controls in the Mixer. All Mixer/Staff Control settings are saved with the document, so your music will sound the same the next time you open it. Now, lets take a quick tour of the Mixer controls and explore some real-time playback effects: Click the Play button in the Playback Controls. The following steps should be performed during playback. It is a short piece, so if you reach the end, just click the play button again and continue where you left off. Click the Master Volume Slider in the Mixer and drag to adjust the volume. Then, to make fine adjustments, use the up and down arrows to move the slider incrementally. You can also view these changes, or enter them manually, in the Instrument list. Click the INST LIST button at the bottom of the Master control pane. The Instrument List appears. Click the Title Bar at the top and position it so it is not obstructing the Mixer or Staff Controls. In the Staff Controls on the left side of the screen. Click and drag a Pan dial counterclockwise as far as possible for one of the Piano staves. When you release the mouse button, a small box displays the current value. Notice the piano shifts to the left speaker or headphone. Also notice the sympathetic Remember, changes to Mixer settings and Staff Controls apply to all other staves set to the same channel.
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response in the Pan text boxes of the Instrument List. You can also type a MIDI value (1-127) in any of these text boxes to specify a precise value. To the left of the String staff, Click the S button in the Staff Controls. You are now listening to a string solo. Click S again to hear all the staves. The M performs the opposite function of muting a staff. You can mute or solo as many staves as you want. Finally, click the Reverb dial and drag clockwise. The Reverb and Room Size effects apply only to the overall output.
HUMAN PLAYBACK
Finale includes a powerful capability to interpret articulations, expressions, hairpins, and other markings, and generate playback that simulates a live human performance. This feature, called Human Playback, can be set to emulate a specific musical style, such as classical, baroque, or jazz, and can even recognize and interpret expression text that appears in the score, such as rit. or cresc., and adjust the tempo or dynamic level accordingly. Human Playback will even include Smart Shapes in its interpretation including crescendos/diminuendos (hairpins), glissandos, and trills. If your goal is to create a MIDI performance that sounds closer to a human performance, try these options first. Caution: If you are using the Human Playback feature, MIDI data assigned to the document manually with the MIDI Tool or Expression Tool will not apply to the MIDI performance. To turn off Human Playback, in the Playback Settings, under Human Playback Style, choose None. (You can still apply Human Playback to regions of your score with the Apply Human Playback plug-in). When you start a new Finale document, Human Playback is on by default and set to the Standard playback style. Simply add some of the markings just mentioned and playback the score to hear Human Playback at work. To customize Human Playbacks interpretation, do the following: Windows users, click the Playback Settings icon users, click the expand arrow on the playback controls. Macintosh
on the Playback Controls. The Playback Settings appear.
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For Human Playback Style, select the style of the piece you are notating. For example, the Jazz style adds a swing feel to the piece. The Baroque style performs articulations according to standard baroque performance standards.
Windows users, click OK to apply these settings. Macintosh users can minimize the Playback Controls if desired. Click the play button to review Human Playbacks interpretation. Windows users note that the Spacebar-click method does not process measures for Human Playback. Click HP Preferences to customize Human Playbacks interpretation.
You can also apply Human Playback to a region of your score using the Apply Human Playback plug-in. To do this, first, set human Playback to None in the Playback Settings (Mac: Playback Controls), then highlight a region of your score with the Mass Edit Tool and from the Plug-ins Menu, choose Playback > Apply Human Playback. See PLAYBACK in the User Manual for more details. If you want more control over every detail of Finales MIDI performance, you can use the MIDI Tool. If you use the MIDI Tool, set Human Playback to None in the Playback Settings dialog box (Mac: Playback Controls). Note that if you use the MIDI Tool to customize MIDI data for parts of your score, you can still apply Human Playback to other regions of your score using the Apply Human Playback plug-in.
TAPPING A TEMPO
Recording a tempo with Finale using a MIDI device or even your computer keyboard is as easy as waving a baton. You can record, or conduct, a tempo as you listen to the score to define precise tempo adjustments using TempoTap. Lets use the Tutorial 6 file to demonstrate TempoTap.
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From the View Menu, choose Studio View. Notice the extra staff at the top. This is the TempoTap staff. It is only (and always) visible in Studio View. This staff shows you the beats youll be tapping. Click the HyperScribe Tool g. Click the first measure of the TempoTap staff. You are now ready to begin tapping the tempo. Unlike HyperScribe, Finale always begins recording your tempo on the first signal. (In the future, note that you can begin recording a tempo at any measure). Tap the tempo on your computer keyboards Spacebar, increasing or decreasing the tempo as desired. The scroll bar advances with the music. If you reach a point in the score you wish the tempo to remain To prepare for recording a tempo, consider counting off a measure or two, stopping short of pressing the spacebar, before recording the first beat,
Stop tapping when you are finished recording the desired measures, then click the score. When a message appears, click OK. Finale assigns the most recent recorded tempo to all measures following the region up to the next tempo change. Click the play button in the Playback Controls to review playback. You can record with additional precision by editing the note durations in the TempoTap staff. By default, the staff is filled with notes equalling the value of the main beat. If you want to specify a rallentando passage, for example, which slows drastically in a short amount of time, you may want to tap eighth notes instead of quarter notes to indicate the gradual change in tempo for the duration of the passage. To do so, use the Simple or Speedy Entry Tool to enter eighth notes for that region in TempoTap staff.
THE MIDI TOOL

If you want precise control over every aspect of the MIDI data, you can use the MIDI Tool instead of applying Human Playback. The MIDI Tool lets you edit the raw MIDI data of your score, from a single note to an entire staff. You can visually edit pitch bends, velocity, patch changes, and other parameters. If Human Playback provides all the control you desire over your performance, you can skip the rest of this chapter. Captured MIDI information isnt really part of the notation itself. Instead, it consists of variables that a musician creates in a performance of the musicspecifically, when recording with HyperScribe. Stress and accents, rushing the beatall of these human elements constitute captured MIDI data. When you use Human Playback, this data is added for you temporarily every
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time you playback the score. The MIDI Tool allows you to adjust this data for your score manually. In Tutorial 1c you experimented with the bouncing ball playback option; at the end of the tutorial, you listened to the original performance of a piece while looking at the notated version. Finale always lets you choose which way youd like to hear your music: as strict, perfectly even sheet music, or as the original, unquantized MIDI performance, with a human feel and all captured MIDI data intact. As an experiment, try listening to the same piece twiceonce with, and once without the captured MIDI data. Close the open document, if you want. Open the document called Tutorial 6a. The documenta passage from Ellmenreichs Spinning Songappears. For the remainder of this chapter, you will be applying MIDI data manually. Since Human Playback is set (by default) to override all MIDI Tool data, so before continuing, well need to turn off Human Playback: Windows users, click the Playback Settings icon users, click the expand arrow on the playback controls. Macintosh
on the Playback Controls. The Playback Settings appear.
For Human Playback Style, choose None. (Windows users) Click OK. Now, Finale will not process the entire score for Human Playback each time you playback your score. (You can still use the Apply Human Playback plugin to activate Human Playback for regions of your score). While pressing the Space bar, click the first measure. The piece plays backtechnically perfect, but without any expression. For comparison, listen to it now as it was originally performed. To tell Finale to use the captured MIDI data, you have to change some settings in the Playback Options dialog box. To prepare for the MIDI Tool lesson, do the following: From the Document Menu, choose Playback Options. The Playback Options dialog box appears.
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Select all four Play checkboxes in the upper-left corner of the dialog box. Now listen to the difference when Finale uses the captured performance data. Click OK; then spacebar-click the first measure. Finale plays back the score as it was recorded in HyperScribe. For example, you should hear a natural crescendo in the first two measures (that is, if your keyboard is touch-sensitive). Finale is using the performance data captured from an actual performance. Click the mouse if you want to interrupt the playback.
CREATING A DECRESCENDO
Now that you have some understanding of captured MIDI data, lets try manipulating this data. On Windows, click on the Window Menu and choose Advanced Tools Palette. Click the MIDI Tool p. A new menu appears, called MIDI Tool. Drag-enclose the first two measures (in both staves) to highlight them. (Remember that drag-enclosing entails clicking and dragging from a point above and to the left of the first
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measure to a point below the second measure, so that both are partially enclosed by the dotted-line rectangle, and releasing the mouse button.)
j j & b 2 b 4 . .
cresc.
j # j . . . . . .
. > . . .
?b 2 4
Selecting music with the MIDI Tool is exactly like selecting music with the Mass Edit Tool (with Partial Measure Selection off). Select a single measure by clicking it once; several onscreen measures by drag-enclosing any part of them; a long region by clicking the first measure, scrolling to the last measure, and d-clicking the last measure; and an entire staff by clicking to the left of the staff. You can also select the entire piece by choosing Select All from the Edit Menu. If you take a look at the commands in the MIDI Tool Menu, youll notice that there appear to be three different elements you can edit: Key Velocities (how hard the keys were struck, which usually determines their volume); Note Durations (how long they were held down); and Continuous Data (pedaling, pitch bend, patch changes, and the like). Be sure that Edit Key Velocities is selected. To show you the power of the MIDI Tool, youll create a decrescendo over the first two measures, even though theres now a crescendo when they play back. From the MIDI Tool Menu, choose Scale. The Scale dialog box appears. The Scale command lets you program a gradual change from one dynamic level (or duration or MIDI controller setting) to another. For this reason, its ideal for creating a smooth crescendo or decrescendo. MIDI key velocity is measured on a scale from 0 to 127; 127 is the hardest (loudest) attack. Type 120 in the first box. Press Tab, and type 30 in the second box. Click OK. Youve just told Finale to decrease its volume over the course of the two selected measures. Try it: While pressing the Space bar, click measure 1 to play back the music. You should hear a steady decrescendo that lasts for the first two measures. If not, be sure youve made the changes to the Playback Options described in the introduction to this section. NOTE: Some MIDI keyboards dont respond to key velocity information at all. If the volume or timbre of the notes on your keyboard doesnt vary with the force you use to strike them, the
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keyboard is not touch-sensitive. Unless you want to take this opportunity to connect a velocitysensitive MIDI keyboard, skip ahead to EDITING NOTE DURATIONS (START AND STOP TIMES). Being able to scale performance data in this way may be useful, but its not very interactiveyou can only tell what changes youve made by listening to the music. Fortunately, you can also see the changes youve made. Click anywhere on the screen to halt the playback. Drag-enclose the first two measures in the top staff only. Double-click the first highlighted measure. The MIDI Tool split-window opens. In this window, you can only edit the captured MIDI information for one staff at a time. If you want to edit data on several staves simultaneously, therefore, dont open the MIDI Tool split-windowjust use the menu commands after selecting the desired staves. Because the MIDI Tool split-window differs significantly between Macintosh and Windows, weve pictured each below.
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Windows
Drag through the graph area to select a region of music to edit.
Drag the dividing line to increase or decrease the view of the music.
Use the vertical scroll bar to view and edit different staves in the score.
Click, Shift-Click, or drag enclose handles to select individual notes.
Use the horizontal scroll bar to view and edit different measures in the score.
Macintosh
Drag through this graph area to select a region of music to edit. Click these icons as a shortcut for choosing menu commands.
Click these buttons to view other measures and staves in the score.
Click, Shift-click, or drag-enclose handles to select individual notes.
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At the bottom of the window, youll see the notes in the measures you double-clicked. Above them is a graph. Each bar of the graph corresponds to the key velocity (volume) of the note directly below it. Along the left side of the window you can see a legend of velocity values, scaled from 0 to 127. You can immediately see the effects of your Scale commandthe bars representing the key velocities grow steadily shorter over the first two measures. As an experiment, lets now make the second half of the phrase crescendo. You may need to move the display so that you can see measures 3 and 4; if so, click the arrow buttons (on Windows, use the scroll bar at the bottom of your screen). If you cannot see measures 3 and 4, click the right horizontal scroll bar arrow until measure 3 is at the left side of the window. A measure number appears in the middle of each measure, between the notation display and the graph area. Click in the graph area at the beginning of measure 3, and drag to the end of measure 4, like this:
&b . > . . .
n . >
. >
Any region you select in the graph area automatically selects the handles of the corresponding notes below it. From the MIDI Tool Menu, choose Scale. Type 30, press Tab, and then type 120. Youve just programmed a crescendo for the second half of the phrase.
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Click OK. Whenever youre working in the MIDI Tool split-window, you can always get a quick playback of the displayed music: From the MIDI Tool Menu, choose Play.
EDITING KEY VELOCITIES

The remaining experiments in this tutorial delve deeply into some of Finales powerful MIDI capabilities. If you dont thrive on technical discussions, feel free to skip ahead to EXPRESSIONS: DEFINING PLAYBACK later in this chapter.
The MIDI Tool Menu Play command does not support Internal Speaker Playback on the Mac. Use the Playback Controls.
Heres a quick rundown of the remaining MIDI Tool Menu commands. These descriptions assume youve first selected the music to be edited. Remember that when youre not in the MIDI Tool split-window, you select measures exactly as you would with the Mass Edit Toolby clicking a single measure, drag-enclosing several, and so on. Within the MIDI Tool split-window, you can edit a single staff, and you select notes either by dragging through the graph region or by selecting individual note handles in one of the ways shown here:
&b . > . . .
3 3
To select individual notes in the MIDI Tool split-window, you can drag-enclose them or Shift-click individual handles, or Shiftdrag-enclose additional groups of notes.
&b . > . . .
&b . > . . .
3
Once youve selected the music, you can choose any of the MIDI Tool Menus transformation commands from below the line. Set To gives every note in the selected region exactly the same velocity (volume). You type a number between 0 and 127. Scale produces a smooth, gradual change from one velocity value to another across the selected region. If you select Absolute, you can enter values in the text boxes between 0 and 127. If you select Percent of Original, Finale scales the selected notes velocities proportional to their current values, thus preserving some of the original variations from note to note; in this case, you can enter virtually any positive numbers in the text boxes. For example, if you entered 100 and 200 in the boxes, respectively, the first notes would play back with their original velocities, and the last notes would play back with twice their original velocities.
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Add simply gives the selected notes greater velocity than they already have. If you enter a negative number, you subtract velocity. Type a number between 127 and 127, keeping in mind that the sum of this number and a notes current velocity has to be between 0 and 127. Percent Alter increases or decreases the selected musics velocity by a percentage of its current value. To make a passage twice as loud as it is now, choose Percent Alter and type 200 (percent). Limit lets you set maximum and minimum key velocity levels for the selected music. You type in numbers between 0 and 127. If you enter a maximum velocity of 90, for example, any existing velocity values between 91 and 127 will be clipped down to 90. Alter Feel lets you accent specific beats in the measure, by either a specified amount (Absolute) or by a percentage of their current velocities (Percent of Original). If you enter negative numbers (when Absolute is selected), youll be giving the specified music less velocity, and hence less emphasis. In the Alter Feel dialog box that appears, youll see that you can provide either an absolute or a percentage change independently for notes that fall on Downbeats, Other Beats, or Backbeats. (For definitions, see BACKBEATS in the User Manual.) As an example, suppose you have a rockabilly tune and you want to boost the backbeats to give your playback more drive. In this case, youd select the entire score (with the MIDI Tool), choose Key Velocities and Alter Feel from the MIDI Tool Menu, select Percent of Original, and type 150 into the Backbeats text box. The result would be 50% more volume on the backbeats. Randomize alters the selected musics velocity by a random amount. This can be a useful option if you want to give your playback a more imperfect, human feeling. Type a fairly small number into the text boxbetween 10 and 20, for example (unless you really want some unpredictable, madcap accents). NOTE: Finale stores the velocity value for each note as the difference in velocity from the default velocity value (the Base Key Velocity). You set the Base Key Velocity in the Playback Controls. Suppose, for example, that this value is 60. If a note displayed in the MIDI Tool window has a velocity of 90, Finale simply remembers that its velocity is 30 more than the Base Key Velocity value. Why does Finale store velocity values this way? Because with this system, you can quickly and easily adjust the overall velocity (volume) level of your piece by changing the Base Key Velocity value. The dynamic nuances of your piece will be preservedbut the overall volume level will increase or decrease accordingly.
EDITING NOTE DURATIONS (START AND STOP TIMES)

For the next experiment, restore all the velocity information to a uniform level. If the graph area above measures 3 and 4 isnt already highlighted, drag through it now.
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Press the $ (Mac: o) key. The $ (o) key removes all MIDI data alterations in the selected regioneven if youre not in the MIDI Tool split-window. It doesnt erase all MIDI data, howeveronly the kind thats currently selected in the MIDI Tool Menu (Key Velocities, Note Durations, and so on). If necessary, use the left horizontal scroll bar arrow to move back so that you can see measures 1 and 2. Restore these notes velocities to 64 as well. Now youll try using the MIDI Tool to edit the playback durations of the notes in your score. From the MIDI Tool Menu, choose Edit Note Durations. Youll notice that the graph in the MIDI Tool split-window has changed. Now youre seeing each note represented by a thin horizontal line; the longer the line, the longer the notes duration. Youll also see several thin gray vertical gridlines; these gridlines represent the strict quantized locations of the notated notes:
The piano keyboard helps you identify the pitches of the notes in the graph. You can drag this keyboard up or down.
The menu commands you explored while editing Key Velocities also work on Note Durations. In some of the dialog boxes for these commands, however, youll encounter the words Start Time and Stop Time. These terms seem clear enough; Start Time refers to the attack of a note, and Stop Time refers to the release. What makes their usage trickier is that they dont refer to the notated durations of the notes. Instead, they relate those notated values to the captured MIDI information generated by your original performance, before your performance was quantized and transcribed into notation.
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In fact, Start Time measures the difference between the notated (quantized) values starting point and the moment you actually struck the note in your performance. In the figure on the right, the Start Time is a positive number for the first note (because it was played slightly after the beat), and the Stop Time is a negative number (because the note was released slightly before the next beat). The Start Time is the difference between the actual (performed) attack point and the notated (quantized) attack point. The Stop Time is the difference between the performed and quantized release points. These differences can be either positive or negative; Stop Time (a), above, is a negative number, but Stop Time (b) is positive. Start and Stop Times
Start Time Stop Time
1 2 3
q
(a)
(b)
In fact, had you played precisely on the beat, with 1. These bars represent the durations of the notes you played. accuracy to 1024ths of a quarter note, the Start and 2. Finale quantizes or rounds the duraStop Times would both be zero. There would be no tions to the nearest beat. difference between the quantized and the actual attack 3. Finale produces notation. point of the note. The Start and Stop Times are measured in Finales own very small durational units, called EDUs (ENIGMA Durational Units)1024ths of a quarter note. The following table has some common EDU equivalents (a full table appears under EQUIVALENTS in the Appendix of the User Manual.
Value
Whole Half Dotted Quarter Quarter Dotted Eighth Eighth Sixteenth
EDU Equivalent
4096 2048 1536 1024 768 512 256
Keeping this chart handy, take a look at some of the MIDI Tools Note Duration menu commands:
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Set to gives every note in the selected region exactly the same Start and Stop Times, measured in EDUs. If, for example, you want every note in a certain region to sound a fraction of a beat early, you might set the Start Times of the notes in the region to 300. Set the Start and Stop Times to zero if you want to quantize every note squarely to its strict notated duration. Scale produces a gradual change from one Start or Stop Time value to another across the selected region. You can enter EDU values in the text boxes, thus specifying that the attacks or releases of the notes move steadily closer to (or further from) the beats. Add increases or decreases the Start or Stop Time of every note in the selected region by an equivalent amount. Note that this command preserves the relative existing differences in Start and Stop Times. Enter a positive EDU value to increase the Start Time (a later attack) or Stop Time (a later release) of all selected notes, and a negative number to decrease these times. Percent Alter is a unique command in Note Durations mode, because its the only command that directly affects the total durations of the selected notes, instead of their Start and Stop Times. This command lets you increase or decrease the selected notes playback durations by a percentage of their current values. This command doesnt, of course, affect the notated values of the notesit just affects the way they play back. To create a staccato passage in which every note plays back with only half its notated value, you could choose Percent Alter and type 50 (percent). Limit lets you set a minimum and maximum Start and Stop Time value for the selected notes; in other words, it can serve to pull the attack and release of each note closer to its notated value. You can think of Limit as a pseudo-quantizer, because it decreases the difference between the notated durations and your humanly imperfect performance. Alter Feel changes the Start and Stop Times of Downbeats, Other Beats, and Backbeats as defined in the section EDITING KEY VELOCITIES. A positive Start Time value pushes the playback attack of a note later, relative to its notated value. Randomize alters the selected notes Start and Stop Times by a random amount, giving the music a less quantized, more human feeling. You might type an EDU value of A (or less) of the predominant rhythmic values in the music; for example, to subtly soften the rhythmic precision of a passage of eighth notes (512 EDUs each), you might type 32 into the Start and Stop Times boxes.
MORE USES FOR KEY VELOCITY AND NOTE DURATION COMMANDS

You might also find the MIDI Tool useful for correcting characteristics in some of your MIDI keyboards sounds. For example, suppose you have a string patch with a very slow attack; upon playback, it sounds as though each note is entering late. You could solve the problem with the
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MIDI Tool: Select the entire staff. Then, making sure that Note Durations is selected in the MIDI Tool Menu, choose Add To. In this instance, youd add a negative number to both Start and Stop Times, thus forcing the strings to enter (and release) slightly early on playback. If youve entered an appropriate EDU value (which you can calculate for yourself, remembering that 512 would be a full eighth note early), the strings will seem to play right in time with the other instruments. You can use the same technique to shift all notes slightly later in playback time. If you alter one of two duplicate staves this way, you can create some interesting echo effectsa note on the unaffected staff sounds first, followed a fraction of a second later by the same note on the shifted staff. You might also consider using the MIDI Tool to accent the melody in a series of chordsto bring out an inner voice. Once youve selected the region to be affected, double-click the highlighted area to enter the MIDI Tool split-window. By clicking and d-clicking (or by dragenclosing and d-drag-enclosing), you can highlight only the handles of the individual notes you want to change, even if theyre buried in chords. In the Silent Night example below, only the handles of the melodythe middle voicewere highlighted.
Once the correct notes are selected, choose Percent Alter from the MIDI Tool Menu. Set all Key Velocity values to 150% (for example) of their current values; instantly youve brought out the melody from the close voicings. (In the example above, you can see the effect on the velocity graphs for the selected melody notes; they are indeed 50% greater than the harmony notes.)
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EDITING MIDI CONTINUOUS DATA
Continuous data is displayed in a slightly different format when you look at it in the MIDI Tool split-window. Instead of thin vertical or horizontal lines, you see a graph of solid black. In this example, you can experiment with adding pedaling to a passage. Well assume that youre viewing the first two measures of the Tutorial 6a document in the MIDI Tool split-window. From the MIDI Tool Menu, choose Edit Continuous Data. The View Continuous Data dialog box appears, in which you can select the controller whose data you want to edit. The sustain pedal, controller 64, is selected by default. (You could select any other controller from the drop-down list.) Click OK. You return to the MIDI Tool split-window, where the display has changed. On the left side is a scale of controller valuesin this case, sustain pedal valuesfrom 0 (pedal up) to 127 (pedal down). The sustain pedals value cant change smoothly over time (like pitch wheel data can). Youve either pressed the pedal (value 127) or released it (value 0). At the moment, the window is empty, because the pedal has not yet been used; its value throughout the piece is zero. Pedaling will appear in this window in bar graph form. In the example at right, the pedal was depressed just after the second beat, and released after the fourth beat. Note, too, that the notes in the display no longer have handles. Thats because controller information is independent of the actual notes being playedyou can press the pedal even during a measure of rests, if you want. Therefore, you specify where you want to insert a pedal down message (or another on/off controller, or a patch change) by dragging through a sliver of the graph area. Drag through a small horizontal slice at the beginning of the graph area, as shown below. Keep in mind that the actual pedal usage will occur at the beginning of the region you select, as indicated by the arrow in the figure below. It really doesnt matter, therefore, how much of the window you highlight; the pedaling message will be inserted at the far left edge of your highlighted region.
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From the MIDI Tool Menu, choose Set To. The Set To dialog box appears. Remember that to create the pedal down message, you need to set the pedals value to 127. Type 127. Click OK. Suddenly the entire graph area is gray. Thats because youve just inserted a pedal down message without any corresponding pedal up message. Therefore, your MIDI keyboard will believe that the pedal was pressed during the entire piece. (Theres a small gap in the gray area at each barline. This doesnt mean that the pedal is released at that point, it is just to help you identify the juncture of consecutive measures.) Now insert a pedal up message. Drag through a small region in the middle of measure 2, as shown below. Remember that the pedal up message will fall at the beginning of your selected region.
From the MIDI Tool Menu, choose Set To. Click OK. You didnt have to enter a number because the default value was already zero. When you return to the window, click anywhere in the MIDI Tool window except the graph area to remove the selection highlighting. Youll see that the bar representing the pedal is now quite short:
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From the MIDI Tool Menu, choose Play. You hear Finale applying the pedal to the region you specified. Select the MIDI Tool p from the Main Tool Palette. (Mac: click the Close button.) Clicking on the MIDI Tool (or any other tool in the Main Tool Palette) closes the MIDI Tool splitwindow. (Mac: you must click on the Close button to close the MIDI window.) Once youve created one complete usage of the pedal, as youve just done, you dont have to create it again in other measures that should contain a similar pedaling pattern. You can simply copy the pedaling from measure 1 into other measures. Youll find out about copying MIDI Tool data in the next section.
REMOVING AND COPYING MIDI TOOL DATA

To delete any modifications youve made with the MIDI Tool, select the desired measures in the score, and then press $(Mac: k) This procedure deletes only the currently selected data type. In other words, if youve changed both Key Velocities and Note Durations, you can delete only one at a timedepending on which one is currently selected (with a check mark) in the MIDI Tool Menu. Similarly, if youve edited several different controllers, pressing the $ (k) key removes only the data of the currently selected controller type. You can also copy MIDI Tool changes to other staves or parts of the score, much as you would copy music with the Mass Edit Tool. Select the source measures with the MIDI Tool, and drag the first selected measures image so that its superimposed on the first of the target measures. The changes youve made to the captured MIDI information are copied to the target music. Once again, however, this procedure copies only the currently selected data type. A final note about MIDI Tool changes: They can greatly increase the size, in kilobytes, of your document. Because Finale is recording velocity, duration, and other data about every single note
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in the area youve changed, its possible to double the size of your document if you make MIDI Tool modifications over large areas.
EXPRESSIONS: DEFINING PLAYBACK

One of the most remarkable aspects of Finale is its ability to respond to musical markings in the score during playback. When Finale sees , the music gets loud. When it sees a staccato mark, it plays the note shorter. Whats more, you can create any symbol or textual phrasewhether or not its a standard musical markingand define the effects it will have on Finales playback. As a first experiment, youll now perform some further transformations to the document youve been working on. If you dont already have the document Tutorial 6a on the screen, open it now. Click the Expression Tool y. Scroll to measure 5, if needed. Double-click below the first left-hand note in measure 5. The Expression Selection dialog box appears, filled with Text Expressions. mark. In Click Note Expression. Double-click the the Note Expression Assignment dialog box, click mark in your score. To OK. Youve placed the adjust its position, drag its handle.
j j & b b . . ?b . . . .
Double-click below the first note, bottom staff, of measure 7. Once more the Expression Selection dialog box appears.
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Make sure Note Expression is selected. Double-click the mark. When the Note Expression Assignment dialog box appears, click OK. Adjust the position of the new expression. Now listen to the new dynamics. If the Playback Controls arent on the screen, choose Playback Controls from the Window Menu. Click Play 1. Sure enough, when Finale reaches measure 5, it obeys your dynamics. Now lets see why. (Click Stop 8 to interrupt playback.) Double-click the
Click the Playback tab. Options under the playback tab show the MIDI playback choices for this marking.
marks handle. The Text Expression Designer dialog box appears.
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Look at the playback definition of the marking. Key Velocity is selected in the Type dropdown list, and the number 36 appears in the Set to Value text box. In other words, the cremarking should give the notes it affects a Key ator of this marking decided that the Velocity of 36. (The scale of MIDI velocity goes from 0 [silence] to 127 [very loud].) When Finale reaches the marking, it will play all notes (assigned to that instruments MIDI channel) at velocity (volume) 36at least until it encounters a new dynamic marking.
Some of the other MIDI variables you can attach to a score marking are also extremely useful. For example, by selecting Patch from the Type drop-down list, you could make the phrase To Clarinet switch the playback of its staff to a clarinet sound from an existing sax sound; just type the number of your MIDI keyboards clarinet patch into the Program Change text box when you create the expression.
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# 3 & # 4 #
To Clarinet
By selecting Patch and entering a patch number (in the Program Change text box), you can create a playback definition for the Text Expression To Clarinet.
Similarly, if youre creating an marking, you could define it to transpose the affected music up an octave. In this dialog box, youd choose Transposition from the Type dropdown list and type 12 in the Set to Value text box (up 12 half steps). Notice that the written notes dont get transposedonly their playback. Note, too, that Finale will continue to play the music up an octave until it encounters another expression, such as loco, that youve defined to return the playback to its normal register (by choosing Transposition and entering zero in the Set to Value text box). Click Cancel to return to the score. To make sure you understand the concept, lets create a new expressiona Presto tempo indication.
CREATING AN INTELLIGENT TEMPO MARKING

Click the Expression Tool y, and double-click just above the beginning of measure 4. The Expression Selection dialog box appears. If you scroll through the list youll see that Presto, the expression you want to create, doesnt appear in the list. Click Create. The Text Expression Designer dialog box appears, waiting for you to type in the text for your new marking. Note, however, that you dont have to have any text at all
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its perfectly legal to attach a playback definition to an invisible marking. (Youll see its handle in the score.) Type Presto. Now, lets add a metronome marking. From the Text Menu, choose Font. The Font dialog box appears. Under Font, choose Maestro, and set the size to 24, then click OK. Type q to add a quarter note. From the Text Menu, choose Font, and set the Font to Times New Roman (or Mac: Times), and the size to 14. Then click OK. Your marking now appears in the entry window. You can mix several fonts, sizes and styles in a single expression.
Click the playback tab and choose Tempo. In the Set To Value text box, type 180. The number you type here indicates quarter notes per minute. If you wanted to, you could change this base rhythmic unit using the drop-down list that appears beside the word Tempo. Click OK or Select in each dialog box until you return to the score. To move the Presto marking, drag its handle anywhere you want. (You can delete any marking by clicking its handle and pressing k.) Now the fun part: listen to your sudden tempo change. From the Window Menu, choose Playback Controls, if theyre not already showing.
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To specify placement for an expression, use the Note and Measure positioning tabs. For example, to align the expression with the opening time signature, click the measure positioning tab.
Click Play to hear the score playback as you defined it.
CREATING SWING PLAYBACK

Making your score play back with eighth notes in swing style is quick work with the Playback Controls, but what if you want more control over when and how to swing? In a pure triplet swing feel, the second eighth note of every pair (the backbeat) is played as though its the last note of a triplet, as shown here.
In other words, its delayed (and the first eighth note is held longer). Delaying or rushing the playback of notes with respect to their written rhythms is precisely the function of the Swing command in the Expression Tool. You can use the Swing command to delay the attack of every eighth note backbeat. All you need to do is decide how much to delay them.
If Jazz or Blues Human Playback is applied, swing settings are set automatically. Swing settings are grayed out if the Human Playback style does not incorporate swing, as is the case with the Classical or Romantic styles.
j =
3
If you type 100 into the Set to Swing text box, you will hear true triplet swing in your playback. Needless to say, you can change this number, depending on the amount of swing you want; at a fast tempo, youd probably want to decrease this number (so the notes sound more like even eighths). At a slow tempo, you might want to increase the number for an even more pronounced swing effect. Click the Expression Tool y, and double-click just above the beginning of measure 4. The Expression Selection dialog box appears. The Swing indication of two eighth notes equals a triplet quarter and eighth is a shape expression. Click Shape. Finale displays any shapes that are loaded into the document; your default file comes with a selection of pre-made shapes. To select from the text expressions again, just click the Text radio button. Click on the swing shape - two eighth notes equals a triplet quarter and eighth. It should be the last shape in the selection box. Click Edit. The Shape Expression Designer dialog box appears, waiting for you to make changes for your marking. Note, however, that you dont have to have any text or shape at allits perfectly legal to attach a playback definition to an invisible marking. (Youll see its handle in the score.) Click the Playback tab. Finale displays the Playback Options. From the Type list in the Playback Options group box, choose Swing. In the Set To Value text box, type 100 or select Standard from the menu. This number indicates a percent of
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swing. If you wanted to, you could choose a heavier swing by increasing the number or a lighter swing by decreasing the number. Click OK or Select in each dialog box until you return to the score. To move the Swing marking, drag its handle anywhere you want. (You can delete any marking by clicking its handle and pressing k.) Click Play 1 on the Playback Controls. You should hear genuine swing. Finale plays the second of every eighth note pair slightly later, just as a jazz player might.
SYNCING FINALE TO VIDEO

Finale allows you to write to picture using either the integrated Movie Window, or a SMPTEcompatible movie player or editor. If you would like to sync Finale to another software product, it must be capable of receiving MIDI Time Code, which is the SMPTE medium that can be sent from Finale for synchronization. If you decide to use Finales integrated Movie Window, videos need to be in QuickTime (Mac & Windows) or Windows Media format (Windows). To play QuickTime movies in Finale for Windows, QuickTime (a free download at www.apple.com) must be installed. (The accompanying file Tutorial 6b.mov is in QuickTime format.) Finale offers performance tools designed specifically for writing to video. For example, the tempo of your Finale score, or portions of your score, can be modified to fit within a specific duration, so the music flows with the movie perfectly. Also, to help guide you, measure number time indicators can be used to show the elapsed time at any measure. In this section, you will learn how to synchronize Finale with video and use the tools necessary to successfully compose an accompanying sound track. To prepare for this tutorial, do the following: Open Tutorial 6b.mus and then, from the Window Menu, choose Movie Window. In the Movie Window, click Select, and then open the file Tutorial 6b.mov. Click the Speaker icon in the Movie Window (left of the Play button) and drag the volume all the way down. Now the movies sound will not interfere with our Finale arrangement. Make sure Sync is checked. Notice the Time is displayed on the Movie Window and Finales Playback Controls. As long as the Sync box is checked, both the movie and music start, stop, rewind, and fast forward together. Lets try it now. Click the Play button in Finales Playback Controls. The movie and music begin. Continue watching the video until the carnival rides appear. Notice the entrance of the waltz-style piano motif begins a couple seconds after the appearance of the carnival rides.
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Lets say we want to edit the music so that the piano and the carnival enter simultaneously a common type of edit when writing along side video. To do this, we will adjust the tempo slightly from the beginning of the score until measure 14. Windows users, from the Window Menu, choose Advanced Tools Palette. Choose the MIDI Tool. Click measure 13 in the top staff to select it. Then, hold down the Shift key and press the down arrow. Continue holding down Shift and press the left arrow. All measures from 1-13 are now selected. From the MIDI Tool Menu, choose Tempo. Then, from the MIDI Tool Menu, choose Fit to Time. The Fit to Time dialog box appears. Here, we can specify a duration for the selected region of music and Finale will adjust the tempo accordingly.
For New Elapsed Time (or New End Time), replace 41.736 with 37.5. New End Time refers to the point in time at the end of the selected region. New Elapsed Time refers to the duration of the selected region. Since all measures are selected from the beginning of the piece, both will have the same result. Click OK. Now, if you playback the score, the piano enters at the same time as the carnival 37.5 seconds from the beginning.

You can save expressions in a library of its own, if you want; click on the File Menu, choose Save Library. Click Text Expressions, click OK, give the library a name, and click Save. If you want to add this expression to the library you already created, follow the procedures outlined at the end of Tutorial 3. Close your document, saving it if you want.
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Some of the entries in the User Manual contain discussions of topics youve just covered. See, for example: CRESCENDO/DECRESCENDO DYNAMICS EXPRESSIONS KEY VELOCITY MIDI CHANNELS PLAYBACK START AND STOP TIMES SWING
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Tutorial 7: Guitar Tab and Fretted Instruments

Finale offers a variety of features for notation of guitar and other fretted instruments. In this chapter you will learn how to create a score with tablature, edit tab staves, enter bends, slides, hammer-ons, pull-offs, and even enter music into your score using a MIDI guitar. If you do not plan on notating for guitar (or another fretted instrument), feel free to skip ahead to the next chapter.
CREATING GUITAR TABLATURE

Lets start by creating a new document containing both standard and tablature notation. Well use the Document Setup Wizard to do this. Click the File Menu, choose New, then select Document with Setup Wizard. You will now see page one of the Setup Wizard. Type Guitar with Tab. Click in the Composer box and type your name. Click Next. Page two of the setup Wizard appears. In the left column, click the Fretted Instruments category. A list of stringed instruments appears in the second column. In the second column, click Guitar and then click the Add button. Guitar appears in the third column. In the second column, click Guitar [Tab] and then click the Add button. Now, both Guitar and Guitar [Tab] appear in the third column. Click Next. The Wizard asks for the time signature and the key signature. Well leave these settings alone for now. Click Next. The Wizard asks you to specify a tempo, pickup measure and default music font. Again, we can leave these settings alone. Click Finish. The document opens with a standard notation staff above a tablature staff. You are now ready to begin entering your music. The document you just created is already set up to take into account the standard guitar transposition which sounds an octave lower than written. Now, lets learn the best way to enter music into a guitar score.
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COPYING MUSIC TO AND FROM A TAB STAFF
There are a few ways to enter into a tab staff. Well start with the most basic, copying music directly from a standard staff into tablature. To demonstrate this well start with a document that already contains music in standard notation. Open the tutorial document called Tutorial 7. A score titled Spanish Dance No. 2 appears. The first eight measures contain standard notation, but no tab. Heres how to create tab from existing music in standard notation. Click the Mass Edit Tool l. Click the Mass Edit Menu and check Copy and Replace. This is usually selected by default. Click the first measure so it is highlighted. Hold down the Shift d key and click measure 4. Now measures one through four should be highlighted. Drag the highlighted region down to the tab staff, and release the mouse button. You should now see the Lowest Fret dialog box. Well talk more about this dialog box soon. Click OK. The first four measures of music will now translate into tablature notation. You should now have tab of the melody line like the example below.
b 3 &b 4 J
T A B
3 2 3 1 3 2 3 0
2 2
2 1
In this case, the fret numbers represent the pitch as played on the lowest possible fret in standard guitar tuning. Now, lets say you want the tab positioned farther up the neck. Heres how to specify the lowest fret for any music copied from a regular notation staff into a tab staff. The Mass Edit Tool should still be selected. Click measure 5 so it is highlighted. Hold down the Shift d key and click measure 8. Now measures five through eight should be highlighted.
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Drag the highlighted region down to the tab staff. You should now see the Lowest Fret dialog box. For Specify Lowest Fret, enter 5. Well say you want to place all the numbers on the 5th fret or above. Click OK. The tab staff will now have all notes fingered no lower than the 5th fret. This ability to copy music from standard notation into tab, and specify a lowest fret, can be applied to smaller areas of the score by selecting part of the measure. To do this, click the Edit Menu and enable Select Partial Measures. In addition to translating standard notation directly to tablature, you can also copy tablature directly into a standard notation staff. We will use the second half of Spanish Dance No. 2 to demonstrate this. For this example the tablature is entered for you already. To set the lowest fret for an entire tab staff, click the Staff Tool, double click the tab staff, then click the Select button at the bottom. Enter a value for Default Lowest Fret, then click OK back to your score.
With the Mass Edit Tool selected, click measure 9 of the tab staff. Hold down the Shift d key and click measure 16 of the tab staff. Now measures nine through sixteen of the tab staff should be highlighted. Drag the highlighted region up to the standard staff. Measures nine through sixteen translate directly into standard notation. You should now have notation of the melody line like the following example (starting with measure 9).
In addition to changing the lowest fret while copying, you can also change the lowest fret for any region of tablature with the Mass Edit Tool. To do this, click the Mass Edit Tool and highlight a region of the tablature staff. Then, from the Mass Edit Menu, choose Utilities >> Change Lowest Fret. Enter the new Lowest Fret and click OK to apply your changes and return to the score.
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CHANGING THE STRING AND FRET NUMBER
You can edit tab numbers and move them between strings manually with the Simple Entry Tool. This method gives more control over the movement of single and non-contiguous fingerings. If you look at measure five in the tablature staff youll see that the fourth note is played at the fifth fret of the fourth string. It might be easier to finger this passage if that note was fingered at the tenth fret of the fifth string. Simple Entry makes this task easy. Click the Simple Entry Tool 4. While pressing the ! (Mac: b) key, on the fifth measure, click the 5 on the fourth string and drag it down to the fifth string. You will see that this fingering has moved to the new string and fret, and the number has changed accordingly. You can also use the up arrow e and down arrow f to move selected tab numbers between strings, or the left arrow g and right arrow h to move selection between fret numbers horizontally. You can also easily change the fret number. The Simple Entry Tool should still be selected. To enter tablature for lute or another instrument with alternate tuning, either use the Setup Wizard, or apply a Staff Style. You will find information on entering a Staff Style in chapter 5 of this tutorial manual.
While pressing the ! (Mac: b) key click any fret number in the tab staff. The tab number changes color to indicate it is selected. In the Numeric Keypad (or while holding down !-d, or on Mac, b-d), type a new number. You can now use the numeric keypad (numpad) to enter any one or two digit number. Hit the + or - key to raise or lower the fret number by one. Remember that when you change the fret number, you are effectively changing its pitch. To ensure the standard notation accurately represents the tablature, drag the tablature up to the standard notation staff with Mass Edit Tool.
ENTRY DIRECTLY INTO A TAB STAFF

In addition to copying from a standard notation staff, you can also enter tab directly into a tab staff. This comes in handy if you are working with a tab staff only or already know the tablature and not the standard notation. Again, well continue to use the same file weve been working on to describe how to do this, first by entering tablature with your mouse, and then with your computer keyboard.
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Click the Mass Edit Tool l and highlight the first two measures of the tab staff. Measures 1 and 2 of the tab staff should be highlighted. Press the Backspace $ (Mac: o) key to remove the existing tab notation from these first measures. You should now see standard notation above an empty tab staff for the first two measures. Click the Simple Entry Tool 4. We are now ready to begin entering into the tab staff manually. For now, well enter tab for the existing notes in the standard notation staff. In the future, you could use this procedure to enter into a score containing a tab staff only. Click the Eighth Note Tool 4 in the Simple Entry Palette. You will need to choose the rhythmic value of the entry first so Finale knows its duration, and how to properly space each fret number. Click the tab staff on the third (G) string directly below the first note in the piece. A 0 appears. When you click directly into a tab staff, you will always see a 0 first.
Use the up and down arrows to move a selected fret number up or down a string. The number will adjust to reflect the same pitch on the new string.
Press numpad 2 (or while holding down !-d, or on Mac, b-d, press 2). The 0 changes to 2. Click the tab staff on the third string directly below the second note in the piece. A 0 appears on the G string. Press numpad 3. The second fret number changes to 3. You can use this method, first clicking the rhythmic duration, clicking the string and then typing the fret number to create all of your tab notation, but you can also quickly enter tablature without the use of the mouse with the Simple Entry Caret. If you do not have a numeric keypad, you can press j to add a 0 on the caret pitch, then hold down !-d (Mac bd) and type the number.
Press the right arrow h key. The caret is now active on the second beat of the first measure. On your QWERTY keyboard, type 2. Notice the Caret moves to the second (B) string. Use numbers 1 through 6 on your QWERTY keyboard to specify the string for the fret number you are about to enter. 1 is the top string, 6 is the bottom. Press numpad 3. Finale places a 3 on the B string and the caret moves to the right. (Notebook users, see the tip at right.) Press numpad 1. Finale places a 1 on the same string. Now, lets say we want to add another note below the 1 on the second beat.
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Hold down @ (Mac: b) and type 4 on the QWERTY keyboard. Finale adds a 0 on the fourth sting below the fret number you just entered. Hold down @ (Mac: b) and type numpad 3 (or, !-d (Mac: b-d) 3). The 0 changes to a 3. You can use the last two steps at any time, first entering the string and then the fret number to create chords. You can also use the up and down arrows to specify the string for an additional fret number and then hold down ! (Mac: a) and press j) to add a note on the same string displayed on the caret. Then hold down @ (Mac: b) and type the desired number on the numeric keypad. Press k to remove the extra fret number. Now, lets finish the measure. To see a list of Simple Entry keyboard shortcuts from the Simple Menu, choose TAB Specific Commands.
On the QWERTY keyboard, type 3 to specify the G string, then, on the numeric keypad, type 3 and then 2. You have completed tab for the first measure. The Caret should appear at the beginning of measure 2. Note that you can always press the left arrow g key to select the fret number you just entered, type a new number on the number keypad to replace the old, and then press the right arrow h key to continue entering. Type numpad 3 to enter the first fret number in measure 2. Now, well enter a rest. Press l. Finale adds a rest on the and of beat 1. Since rests are generally not displayed on tab staves, the rest is hidden. It will display as a shaded rest in the score, and will not appear in the printout. Now, lets enter the half note on the second beat. Refer back to Tutorial 1a for information on entering standard notation with the Simple Entry Caret.
Hold down !, @ and d (Mac: c, a and d) and then, on the QWERTY keyboard, type 6. Notice the note on the Caret changes to a half note. The next fret number is on the same string, so we can just type in the fret number. Press Enter. Finale places a 0 on the string. You could have instead hit the 0 key on the numeric keypad. Measures 1 and 2 are now complete. Instead of typing the string and fret number, you can also use a MIDI device to enter tablature with the Simple Entry Caret. First, from the Simple
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Menu, ensure Use MIDI Device for Input is checked. Then, with the Caret active, choose the rhythmic duration (!, @ and d (Mac: c, b and d) and the number on the QWERTY keyboard) and then play the note. Finale will place the fret number on the appropriate string. There are many additional keystrokes you can use while entering tablature using the Simple Entry Caret. For a complete list, from the Simple Menu, choose TAB Specific Commands.
ENTERING SLIDES, BENDS AND TREMOLOS

You can enter these common elements of tab notation into your score using the Smart Shape Tool. Since these items often appear in both the standard and tab staff, well start by entering them into the standard staff and then copy them down to the tab staff. To prepare for this section open Tutorial 7a Blues Scale. Click the Smart Shape Tool W. Click the Tab Slide Tool in the Smart Shape palette. Double click the first note of the scale. A line extends automatically from the A to the C. Click the handles to manually edit the end points of the line if necessary.
Click the Bend Hat Tool in the Smart Shape palette. Now well enter a bend and release from third beat of the second measure to the first beat in the third measure. Double click the A on the third beat of the second measure. You should now see a bend hat extending from the A to the B flat. Double click the B flat on the last beat of the second measure. You should now see a bend hat extending from the B flat back to the A in the third measure. Click the Trill Extension Tool . Well use this tool to add a tremolo on the last note. Above the last note, double-click and drag to create a tremolo marking. Your standard notation staff should now look like this. Use pre-set metatools to quickly enter Smart Shapes into a tab staff. For example, hold down the B key and double-click a fret number to enter a bend curve, N for a bend hat or hold down E, double-click and drag for a tremolo.
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&c # b b ~~~~~~~
Click the Mass Edit Tool l.
Click to the left of the standard notation staff to highlight the entire staff. Drag the highlighted area down into the tab staff. In the Lowest Fret dialog box type 0. Click OK. The notes will convert to tab numbers and the markings will translate properly for tab notation. The bend hats have converted to bend and release curves.
You will notice the last note is translated to the open A string. Now, lets move this down to the E string for the tremolo. Click the Simple Entry Tool 4. While pressing the ! (Mac: b) key, click the last note so it is selected. Press the down arrow f key to move it to the sixth string. Now the tremolo is possible without a whammy bar. Now, lets say we want to add a 1/4 bend on the second to last note. Click the Smart Shape Tool W. Click the Guitar Bend Tool . On the second to last fret number (3), hold down the ! (Mac: b) key and doubleclick. You should now see a curved line with an arrow pointing up and a 1/4 figure indicating a bend of a quarter step. Note that you can also enter guitar bends in a tab staff by simply double-clicking the first of two fret numbers. Finale will even attach the appropriate text based on the pitch difference of the fret numbers. Now, you may want to add a bend indication in the standard staff on the second to last note.
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Click the Slur Tool W in the Smart Shape palette. Double click the second to last note (C) in the standard notation staff. Click and drag the handles to edit the slur. You can use the slur handles to create a small curve to the right of the note. For compete information on entering all Smart Shapes, see the User Manual under the SMART SHAPE TOOL.
HAMMER-ONS, PULL-OFFS AND OTHER MARKINGS

Well continue to use the Blues Scale document to demonstrate how to enter hammer-ons and pull-offs. This method can be used to enter a variety of other markings as well. The Smart Shape Tool should still be selected. Click the Slur Tool W in the Smart Shape Palette. In the tab staff, double click the 1 on the last beat of the first measure. You should see a slur from the last beat of the first measure to the first beat of the second measure. While pressing the ! (Mac: b) key, click the Custom Line Tool . Scroll down until you find the H custom shape and click it so it is highlighted. There are several sets of these (H, P, B, and R) markings of different styles and fonts. For more details, choose one and click Edit. Then click OK to return to the Smart Line Selection dialog box. Click Select. Double click the 1 on the last beat of the first measure and drag across the barline to the first beat of the next measure. Remember, the direction of the slur and font of the H depends on the option chosen in the Smart Line Selection dialog box, and may not match the image below.
Now, you can use the arrow keys to make fine adjustments. To enter a pull-off, follow the same steps, only choose the P custom shape in the Custom Shape dialog box. Use the above method to enter a variety of performance indications used regularly for fretted instruments. In the Smart Line Selection window you will find figures for bends (B), releases (R), palm mutes (P.M.), harmonics (A.H. and P.H.), picking and others.
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ENTRY USING A MIDI GUITAR (OPTIONAL SECTION)
You can use a MIDI guitar to enter music into your score much like you can with a MIDI keyboard using the HyperScribe Tool. Finale can even record the string you use for each pitch while entering directly into a tab staff. Heres how to use a MIDI guitar for entry. First, setup a guitar-to-MIDI interface with your computer. In order to communicate pitches from your guitar to Finale, you will need an interface between the guitar and computer. This interface is used to convert the pitches you play into MIDI information. It connects to your computer like a MIDI keyboard. A Roland GR-33 was referenced in the preparation of this tutorial, though any interface in this genre should work. Refer to the interfaces instruction manual for specific setup instructions. Coordinate MIDI channels for your guitar strings. From the MIDI menu, choose Tablature MIDI Channels. The Tablature MIDI Channels dialog box appears as seen here. The MIDI data for each string on a MIDI guitar reaches Finale on its own MIDI channel. In order to properly organize this information, you need to tell Finale the MIDI channel assigned to each string. In this dialog box, enter the channel for each string as defined on your guitar-to-MIDI interface and click OK. Consult your interfaces instruction manual for information on assigning strings to MIDI channels, or viewing the currently selected MIDI channel for each string. Click the MIDI menu and choose MIDI Setup (then, if you are using Windows, click the Advanced button to extend the lower portion). In the bottom left of the dialog box, you will see a MIDI-In Latency setting. There tends to be a small, but consistent delay between the time a guitar string is plucked and when the MIDI information reaches Finale. Finale can compensate for this delay by anticipating the beat during a HyperScribe session. After MIDI In Latency, enter 25. This is just a good first guess. You will probably need to make further adjustments depending on the guitar-to-MIDI interface you are using and your own performance habits. Try anywhere from 25 to 150ms or so. Click OK.
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Create a new document containing a standard and tab staff with the Setup wizard. Follow the instructions at the beginning of this chapter to do this. Well use this document to demonstrate entry with a MIDI guitar. From the MIDI Menu, choose Click and Countoff. The Click and Countoff dialog box appears. For Countoff and Click, choose While Recording. For Source, choose MIDI Note. For Measures, choose 2. Click OK. You have just instructed Finale that a 2-measure countoff is to be used before recording, and that a click is to be used during recording. Now, well instruct Finale that it will be providing the tempo information. Click the HyperScribe Tool g. A new menu appears on the menu bar called EasyScribe. From the HyperScribe Menu, choose Beat Source, then Playback and/or Click. Your default settings should be Beat equals a quarter, Tempo is 96. For Start Signal for Recording, click the drop-down (Mac: popup) menu and choose Any MIDI Data. This setting tells Finale to use any type of MIDI data as a cue to start the countoff. Note also that you can access the Click and Countoff dialog box from here. For more details, see the User Manual under CLICK AND COUNTOFF DIALOG BOX. Click OK. Finale is now ready to provide you with a metronome click. From the HyperScribe Menu, choose Record Mode. Make sure Record into One Staff is selected. For this example, we will record into the tab staff only. Click the first measure of the tab staff. A frame surrounds the measure you clicked, indicating that Finale is ready for you to begin. Finale is waiting for you to send a signal that youre ready because we set the Start Signal to Any MIDI data. It doesnt matter which note or you play. Play a note on your MIDI guitar. Finale begins to click, and will give you two full measures to get a feel for the tempo before it begins recording. If you dont get a click, you may wish to review the section called SETTING UP YOUR MIDI SYSTEM in the INSTALLATION CHAPTERS earlier in this book. You may also wish to consult the User Manual under MIDI SETUP DIALOG BOX. At the conclusion of the second countoff measure, play a two-octave C scale, in quarter notes, starting on middle C, as shown below.
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As you play each measure, the numbers appear compressed together; only when youve completely filled a measure (and moved on to the next) does the full-fledged notation appear. When youre finished, click the mouse button anywhere on the screen. The editing frame goes away. Take a look at what Finale did: there should be a C scale in the tab staff with the fret numbers the same as the ones you played. If not, try entering a slower tempo in the Playback and/or Click dialog box, or change the MIDI In Latency value in the MIDI Setup dialog box. Now well copy the tab you just entered into the standard notation staff. Click the Mass Edit Tool l. Highlight the measures containing fret numbers, and then drag the region into the notation staff. Your document should now look like the figure above.
HINTS AND TIPS FOR TABLATURE

For complete information, see TABLATURE in the User Manual. 1. Up and down pick markings can be entered with the Articulation Tool. 2. You can add stems and beaming to tablature by configuring the Staff Attributes of your tab staff. Click the Staff Tool, double click the tab staff and click the Stem Settings button in the Staff attributes dialog box. To customize the smallest note value for a HyperScribe session, first configure your Quantization Settings. From the MIDI menu choose Quantization Settings. For more information, see QUANTIZATION in the User Manual. 3. If you are using a non-standard tuning, or other fretted instrument (lute, banjo etc.) you can manually customize your string tuning in the Staff Attributes. Click the Staff Tool, double click the tab staff, click the Select button at the bottom, then click the Edit Instruments button. 4. To use fret letters instead of numbers, click the Staff Tool, double click the tab staff, click the Select button at the bottom, and check Use Letters.
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Some of the entries in the User Manual contain discussions of topics youve just covered. See, for example: COPYING MUSIC HYPERSCRIBE SMART SHAPE TOOL TABLATURE SIMPLE ENTRY STAFF STYLES
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Tutorial 8: Other Notation Topics

In this section youll learn to use some of Finales most powerful scoring and notation tools.
THE SPECIAL TOOLS TOOL: FANCY BEAMING AND STEMMING

The Special Tools Tool provides you with fine-tuning control over spacing, beaming, ties, dots, and stems. Open the tutorial document called Tutorial 8. A piece for flute and piano appears on the screen. Since youll be jumping around quite a bit in this tutorial, you may prefer to work in Scroll View. From the View Menu, select Scroll View. Scroll to measure 1. On Windows, click on the Window Menu and choose Advanced Tools Palette. Click the Special Tools Tool {. The Special Tools palette appears as a toolbar on the right side of the screen, containing 18 tool icons, each of which controls some aspect of the music. (This palette is just like the others youve encountered: You can hide it or turn it into a floating palette.)
moves a note horizontally changes a notehead shape lengthens or shortens a stem
Note Position Tool Note Shape Tool
moves a notehead horizontally moves an accidental
Notehead Position Tool Accidental Tool Broken Beam Tool
Stem Length Tool
flips a beam "stub" to other side of stem adds a second stem; "splits" a chord's stem lets you create a stem of any shape breaks 16th-note (and other) beams
Stem Direction Tool
freezes a stem up or down
Double/Split Stem Tool Custom Stem Tool
moves a stem to "wrong" side of note
Reverse Stem Tool Beam Angle Tool
changes the beam height and angle extends a beam (even across barlines) changes a tie length and arc
Secondary Beam Break Tool Secondary Beam Angle Tool Dot Tool
Beam Extension Tool Tie Tool
changes the angle of secondary beams moves a dot up, down, left, or right
Beam Width Tool

changes the width of a beam
Beam Stem Adjust Tool

changes the length of a beamed stem
Using the Special Tools tool, you can edit one measure of music at a time. To edit any of the above-listed musical elements, click the appropriate tool on the palette, then click the measure you want to edit. Finale will normally display a small square handle on each note, stem, accidental, beam, tie or dot (depending on which tool youre usingto hide these handles,
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deselect Show Handles in the Special Tools Menu). Select the handle or handles of the elements you want to manipulate, and perform the desired action. (You select multiple handles by drag-enclosing or d-clicking.) For a complete discussion of all Special Tools functions, consult the User Manual under SPECIAL TOOLS. For now, lets try some experiments. Click the Note Position Tool B, if its not already selected. Click the first measure of the middle staff. Drag any notes handle left or right. You can move any note, chord, or rest horizontally with this tool, without affecting its playback. Of course, its easier to simply drag notes left or right using the Speedy Entry Tool. Click the Notehead Position Tool C. Every notehead in the measure sprouts a handle. (Once you have selected a measure with a Special Tool, Finale assumes you are continuing to work on that measure until you tell it differently. You could click another measure to select it.) Drag any handle left or right. Because the Notehead Position Tool lets you move individual noteheads, you could, for example, use it to rearrange the notehead configuration of a cluster chord. You can also change a noteheads appearance: Click the Note Shape Tool Q, and double-click a notes handle. The Symbol Selection dialog box appears, containing every possible symbol in the Maestro font. You can double-click any shape in this palette, and it will replace the normal oval notehead of the note you clicked. Using this technique, you can create X noteheads, diamond noteheads, triangle noteheads, or any other special notehead. Double-click the X symbol (slot 192). The notehead has been replaced by the X, although its obscured by its handle. From the Special Tools Menu, choose Show Handles to uncheck it. By turning off Show Handles, you make the handles invisible. Now you can see the new notehead. (When Show Handles isnt selected, you can still use the Special Tools; just click where a handle would be if it were visible.) If you want to change noteheads for all notes in a region of your score, choose the Mass Edit Tool, select the region, and from the Mass Edit Menu, choose Change, Noteheads. Note, by the way, that this technique is best for occasional notehead shape changes. If you plan to create a rhythm part in which most of the noteheads are Xs or slashes, use the Staff Styles feature (see STAFF STYLES in the User Manual). You can also tell Finale where you want the stem to attach to one of these nonstandard noteheads. See STEM CONNECTIONS DIALOG BOX in the User Manual.
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Lets try some other experiments. Choose Show Handles in the Special Tools Menu again. The handles reappear. Click the Accidental Mover Tool E. Every accidental in the measure now has a handle. Experiment with dragging these handlesyou can slide any accidental horizontally. This would be useful if you wanted to rearrange the accidentals on a cluster chord, for example. To drag the accidental vertically, double-click on the handle. In the Accidental Settings dialog box, check Allow Vertical Positioning. You might use this feature for creating musica ficta, where the accidental appears above the note. Click Cancel to return to the score. Click the Stem Length Tool M. Any note with an unbeamed stem sprouts two handles which you can drag up or down to change the stems length. (In this example, the handles below the notes control the stem for the note if it were to be flipped in the opposite direction.) Try lengthening the stem of the second quarter note in the measure. Remember that in order to constrain the cursor to perfectly vertical (or horizontal) movement, press d while dragging. The next tool, the Broken Beam Tool R, is what you use to change the direction of a sixteenth-note (or smaller) beam stub, as shown here:
Before After
Click the Stem Direction Tool A. A handle appears above and below every note in the measure. A click on any handle flips the stem in its directionand freezes the stem that way (hence the snowflake icon), even if the piece gets transposed. Click the handle again to restore the note to floating status. (Of course, its easier to flip stems with the Simple or Speedy Entry Tool. Position the insertion bar on a note and press the L key to freeze its stem in the opposite direction, or !-L (Mac: b-L) to restore the stem to its floating status. Note that the keystroke may different if you have edited the Simple Entry keyboard shortcuts.) Click the Double/Split Stem Tool N. When you click this tool, a handle appears on every notehead in the measure; another appears above the staff, and another below. Click the lower handle of a note or chord to create double stemming:
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Try it now: Click the lower handle of each of the sixteenth notes in the piano part. The new, second stem always points in the opposite direction from the original stem, no matter which handle (top or bottom) you clicked. The note handles provide an additional feature. They can produce split stemming within a chord, giving the effect of a separate inner voice, like this:
There are two steps to creating this effect: First, click the bottom stem to let Finale know you want to create split stemming. Then click the handle of each note you want to be a part of the upper stem only. Click the upper notehead handle of each sixteenth-note chord. Deselect Show Handles (in the Special Tools Menu) to hide the handles for a moment. You can see that youve made the sixteenth notes appear to be stemmed separately. Select Show Handles again to restore the handles. You may not use the next two tools as frequently, but its a good idea to keep their functions in mind; feel free to experiment as you read. The Reverse Stem Tool F simply flips the stem from one side of its notehead to the other, a function that may be useful in conjunction with cross-staff notes (see THE NOTE MOVER TOOL: CROSS-STAFF NOTES later in this tutorial):
&c ?c
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The Custom Stem Tool L provides great flexibility in special For a single stemless beaming casesfor example, splayed beaming, where three mininote, change the stem to stems connect a Cf, Cn, Cs chord cluster. Thats only one function of the Custom Stem Tool. If you double-click a notes handle, youll a blank shape with the Custom Stem Tool. enter the Shape Selection dialog box, from which you can select a different shape (or create a new shape with the Shape Designer, covered later in this tutorial) to use as a stem. See STEMS in the User Manual for full instructions in the use of these tools. Click the first measure of the top staff, then click the Beam Angle Tool G. Any notes that are beamed together sprout two handles, one at each end of the beam. The right handle changes the beam angle; as you move it up and down, the left handle remains stationary. The left handle changes the beam height; as you move it up or down, the right handle moves in tandem, and the beam angle doesnt change. Try it now: drag the right and left handles of the beam on the pair of eighth notes at the end of the measure. Five tools provide additional control over beaming. For example, the Secondary Beam Break Tool K lets you specify places where youd like secondary beams (sixteenths, 32nds, and so on) to break. The Beam Extension Tool H simply extends any beam past its last note. And theres also a Secondary Beam Angle Tool J that lets you give sixteenth-note (and lower) beams different slants. This tool is useful for creating the modern feathered beaming notation of accelerandi and ritards, where several secondary beams converge. The Beam Width Tool O lets you change the thickness of beams themselves; and the Beam Stem Adjust Tool P allows you to adjust the length of stems within beamed notes. For a more complete discussion of these tools, see SPECIAL TOOLS in the User Manual. Click the second measure of the middle staff. Click the Tie Tool I. Four Handles appear on the tie. You can click and drag these handles to adjust the tie shape manually. Double-click the ties left handle. The Tie Alterations dialog box appears. This dialog box allows you to change the appearance and placement of individual ties in the score. The Tie Placement Controls allow you to affect the vertical and To flip a tie with the Tie horizontal points at which the tie starts and ends. The Tie ConTool, select the ties handle trol Points offer you control over the shape of the tie. Note that and hit c-F (Mac: aunder Tie Direction, Automatic is the default setting. This F) means that Finale decides which direction the tie should appear based on your settings in the Tie Options dialog box. For more details, see TIE ALTERATIONS DIALOG BOX in the User Manual.
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Click Cancel. Click the Dot Tool D. Double-click the first dotted notes handle. The Dot Offsets dialog box appears, where you can specify the precise positioning of this dot. (This tool is best for making changes to specific dotted notes. You can set the horizontal dot positioning globally, too; see DOTTED NOTES in the User Manual.) The H offset is the horizontal distance between the dot and its default placement (a higher value means farther to the right); the V offset sets the vertical location of the dot relative to its default placement (a higher value means upward); the Inter-Dot Spacing sets the distance between the dots of a note with several dots. For example, if you decide that a dot should be moved down to the next space on the staff, add .083 (inches) to the V offset. (You can determine which measurement units are used in most Finale text boxes. From the Edit Menu, choose Measurement Units.) Click Cancel. As you have just seen, the two previous tools have dialog boxes associated with them, in which you can control the positioning of the specified elements very precisely. However, you can also simply drag any handle that appears, as you would with all of the other Special Tools. If you dont like what youve done, click the handle of the affected element (to select it), and press k or $. You can also erase Special Tools modifications on a global basis: Select the desired region with the Mass Edit Tool. From the Mass Edit Menu, choose Clear Items. Click Only Selected Items, then Entries. Now specify the Special Tools alterations you want erased, according to the following table.
To erase changes made with this tool Notehead Position Tool Note Shape Tool Accidental Tool Broken Beam Tool Stem Length Tool Custom Stem Tool Beam Angle Tool Secondary Beam Break Tool Beam Extension Tool 180 Select this item in Items to Erase: Notehead, Accidental and Tablature String Alterations Notehead, Accidental and Tablature String Alterations Notehead, Accidental and Tablature String Alterations Stem and Beam Alterations Stem and Beam Alterations Stem and Beam Alterations Stem and Beam Alterations Secondary Beam Breaks Beam Extensions

To erase changes made with this tool Secondary Beam Angle Tool Beam Width Tool Beam Stem Adjust Tool Tie Tool Dot Tool Select this item in Items to Erase: Stem and Beam Alterations Stem and Beam Alterations Stem and Beam Alterations Dot and Tie Alterations Dot and Tie Alterations
You can remove changes youve made with the Stem Direction, Double/Split Stem, and Reverse Stem tools using a slightly different method. Select the desired region with the Mass Edit Tool. From the Mass Edit Menu, choose Utilities, then Remove Stem Changes.
MEASURE NUMBERS
In the real world, measures are sometimes numbered A, B, C and D. Sometimes people cut sections out of music, resulting in a measure numbering sequence like 52, 53, 70. Other times music is inserted, and the bars are called 33a, 33b, 33c. For these situations, Finale can create several different numbering systems, one for each region of a piece. In this example, however, youll simply number every measure sequentially. Youll be using the Measure Tool. Click the Measure Tool z. From the Measure Menu, choose Measure Numbers, then select Edit Regions. The Measure Number dialog box appears.
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The text box at the top of this dialog box is currently empty, indicating that no measure number regions have been defined for this document. (The Tutorial 8.MUS file, that is. New default documents have a single measure number region by default starting with the first measure.) Click Add. Finale creates a measure number region, Region 1, encompassing measures 1 through 999. (There aren't anywhere near 999 measures in this document, but weve entered a very high number to make sure that all the measures you do have are included in this region.)
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Click Set Font and choose Arial 9 point. Click OK to exit the Font dialog box. You can set the font and size independently for each region. Click Position. The Position Measure Number dialog box appears, letting you set the position of the number relative to the beginning of the measure.
Drag the number into place just below and to the right of the barline. You dont have to drag the 0 itself. You can drag anywhere within the display. Click OK. All that remains is to tell Finale how often you want the numbers to appear. If you select Show Measure Numbers at Start of Staff System (the default), numbers will only appear on measures that begin new systems. To make our changes easier to see, though, well number every measure. Click the radio button for Show Every __ Measures Beginning with Measure __. Make sure 1 is entered into both text boxes. Click OK. Youve now numbered all the measures, but they appear over every staff. In a piano-and-solo score like the one in this tutorial, the score might look best if they only appeared once below the solo staff. Click the Staff Tool s; double-click any measure in the middle staff. The Staff Attributes dialog box for this staff appears. In the Items to Display section, uncheck Measure Numbers. From the Staff drop-down list at the top of the Staff Attributes dialog box, choose [Staff 3] (to advance to the bottom staff) and click Measure Numbers again. Click OK. Youve just told Finale not to draw the measure numbers under the piano staves. They now appear only under the top staff.
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If you want to add another region, or if you want to change some aspects of the numbering for this one, return to the Measure Number dialog box. For more details, see MEASURE NUMBERS in the User Manual.
THE SHAPE DESIGNER

Every now and then, youll run across a musical situation for which theres no standard notation. Maybe youll want to insert a diagram into your score, for harp pedaling, or musical-theatre staging, or an unusual instrument posture. For those situations, as well as for modern, alternative-notation scores, Finale has a built-in drawing program called the Shape Designer. You visited the Shape Designer in the previous tutorial, but this time youll really find out what it can do. If youve ever worked with a graphics program, youll feel right at home in the Shape Designer. To acquaint you with its features, in this exercise youll create a special diagram as part of a note to your flutist. Scroll to measure 20. Click the Expression Tool y and double-click above measure 20. The Expression Selection dialog box appears. Proceeding through the dialog boxes, click as follows: Shape (radio button); Create; Select; Create. You arrive in the Shape Designer.
Use this popup menu to zoom in or zoom out. These H (horizontal) and V (vertical) measurements specify the distance of a point (or your cursor) from the origin.
This small circle is the origin. It doesn't print out; it just anchors your shape.
At the top of the window are twelve drawing tools.

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The Text Tool creates text objects. The Selection Tool selects, stretches, and moves objects.
The Multiline Tool creates multiple-segment lines. The Bracket Tool creates a bracket or brace. The Graphics Tool allows you to import graphics. The Polygon Tool creates enclosed straight-sided shapes.
The Curve Tool makes smooth arcs with no taper.
Using the Rectangle The Hand Grabber or Ellipse tools, drag moves the entire diagonally to create a drawing within the rectangle or ellipse. window. The Slur Tool draws curves Using the Line Tool, drag with tapered ends. to create a straight line.
Lets say that you want a special effectyou want the flute rotated 90 degrees and played vertically. In the steps below, the units shown in the H: (horizontal coordinate) and V: (vertical coordinate) text boxes are measured in points (72 per inch). From the Shape Designer Menu, choose Rulers and Grid. The Rulers and Grid dialog box appears. Click Points, then click OK. Youve just set the measurement units to Points. If no grid points appear in the drawing area, from the Shape Designer Menu, choose Show, and then Grid. Grid points now appear in the Shape Designer drawing area. From the View drop-down list, choose 200%. Everything on the screen now appears twice the size it will be in the score. Click the Rectangle Tool S. Youre about to draw a tall thin rectangle that will represent the flute itself. Starting on the origin, click and drag straight up and to the right until H: is about 4 and V: is about 36. Release the mouse button. The origin is the small white circle at the center of the screen. You drew a rectangle, all right, but its too thick to look like a flute. Thats easily remedied:
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Click the Selection Tool c, and then click the flute rectangle. Black handles appear. From the Shape Designer Menu, choose Line Thickness then choose Hairline. Hairline thickness is .25 points. In the next step, youll create a curved arrow to indicate that you want a rotation. Click the Curve Tool V. Starting to the right of the rectangle, click and drag down and to the right to create a curve. A shallow, downward-arcing curve appears. (If you had dragged to the left, you would have created an upward arc.) Click the Selection Tool c. Click on the curve that was just created. Three handles appear that govern the positions of the curves endpoints and the arc of the curve itself. Drag these handles until the curve looks like this: To change its line thickness, click the line once and then, from the Shape Designer Menu, choose Line Thickness and then select a different thickness. Next, youll add an arrowhead to the curve. With the curve still selected, click on the Shape Designer menu and choose Arrowheads. The Arrowheads dialog box appears. We want to add an arrow to the start of our curve. Click on the drop-down menu next to Start and select Preset Arrowhead. In the Preset Arrowhead Selection dialog box, click on Select to choose the first arrowhead. Click OK. If you want to preserve the spatial relationship between the curve and the rectangle, you can group them into a single unit. With the Selection Tool, click one object, then d-click the other. From the Shape Designer Menu, choose Group. From now on, these two objects will be locked together as though theyre a single object until you choose Ungroup from the Shape Designer Menu, of course. As a final step, make a textual notation to the hapless flutist: Click the Text Tool [. Click to the left of the flute, and type Tilt flute straight up. If you want the text to wrap onto two lines, as shown above, press j after the first two words. To change the type style, select the entire text block using the Selection Tool, and choose Select Font from the Shape Designer Menu.
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Tilt flute straight up

While pressing ! (Mac: a), click OK. Then click OK and Select. In the Measure Expression Assignment dialog box, choose Show on This Staff Only, and click OK. You return to the score, where your special diagram appears near the measure you clicked. Drag its handle to adjust its position. You may not have much everyday need for the vertical-flute shape you just drew. But the Shape Designer will come in handy for creating doits, harp diagrams, enclosures, logos, and other special notational cases. For more information on using the Shape Designer, see SHAPE DESIGNER in the User Manual.
SCANNING MUSIC
Finale offers a variety of ways for you to scan sheet music and bring the results into Finale. You can bring your scanned files into Musiteks MIDISCAN or SmartScore software, then import the resulting files into Finale. Or, you could directly acquire sheet music from you scanner, and translate it to a Finale file using built-in SmartScore technology. The SmartScore Lite feature in Finale, like many music scanning products, doesnt recognize articulation marks, hairpins, double or repeat barlines, or text. It will recognize 3 accidental types, 3 clefs, 16 staves per page, smallest note value is a 32nd note, and a maximum of 1 augmentation dot. Because scanning is not a perfect science, you will need to clean up any file after conversion. Depending on the music, some users will find it easier to simply re-enter the music via one of Finale's traditional note entry methods: Simple Entry, Speedy Entry, or HyperScribe. Remember that to take advantage of any of Finale's scanning capabilities, you will need to have a properly installed scanner (contact the manufacturer of your scanner if you have questions). Because scanners and scanning software varies widely, we cannot provide instructions on how to prepare a file for every scanner. For some hints on how to prepare a scanned file from some popular scanners, see SCANNING in the User Manual. The scanned sheet music image should be saved as a black and white (or line art) graphic in TIFF format at a resolution of 300dpi. Place a sheet of music on your scanner. Ensure it is placed squarely on the scanners bed, and the staff lines are not slanted on the page. Do not use hand-written or photocopied scores. If you have already scanned and saved TIFF files (or want to use our demonstration TIFF file), from the File Menu, choose SmartScore Scanning Lite, and then TIFF Import (and skip the next three steps). From the File Menu, choose SmartScore Scanning Lite, and then Acquire is not an Acquire. Finale opens your scanning software. In most cases, all the set- option on Mac. Open tings you need to properly scan the file for Finale import are configured. scanned TIFFs from Scan the first page of your score. After the scan, click Yes to scan addi- the SmartScore Lite dialog box. tional pages. Click No once all your pages have been scanned.
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Click OK. The SmartScore Lite dialog box appears. Click Add Files to List. The Open dialog box appears. If you just scanned, you files appear in this list. Click the first file in this list and then hold down Shift and click the last file to selet all of them. Then click Open (and skip the next step). If you want to import the demonstration TIFF file we have provided, continue with the next step. Navigate to the file called: Tutorial 6a.TIFF and double-click on it. The file appears in the file list window. Click the filename to highlight it. A preview of the file appears in the left window. Click Begin Recognition. Finale will translate the image into a Finale document. The time it takes to complete recognition will depend on the complexity of the file as well as the number of files chosen. In the future, you can translate several files at once by selecting multiple files in the Open dialog box, and then highlighting the ones you want to convert from the file list before pressing Begin Recognition. You can also import a .FIN file you have saved in SmartScore. Heres how: From the File Menu, choose Import, and then SmartScore. Double-click on the Tutorial 6a.FIN file. Finale transcribes the SmartScore file and opens the new file. Note that the SmartScore engine also recognized the articulations, such as staccatos and accents. Creating FIN files for import into Finale will require the full version of SmartScore which is created by Musitek. For more information, visit www.musitek.com. For both the converted TIFF and SmartScore file, you may wish to copy and paste the music into a new Wizard-created document for a fast improvement in layout. For more information, see SCANNING in the User Manual.
PERCUSSION MAPS
One of the more powerful aspects of Finale is Percussion Mapping. In General MIDI, each percussion sound is assigned to a MIDI pitch (i.e. MIDI Note 36 is a bass drum sound). Percussion Mapping allows you to map any MIDI note to any staff position. Suppose you wish to create a score for your drum set player and you are interested in both how the score looks and plays back. Click on File and choose New, then Document With Setup Wizard. Enter a title or composer, if desired, then click Next. The second page of the Setup Wizard appears, where you can select your percussion instruments. Click Drums in the first column. Double-click Drum Set in the second column. Click Next twice then Finish to select the default settings and create a blank drum score.
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Click the Simple Entry tool 4. Click the Quarter Note Tool 5 on the Simple Entry Palette. Click in the first space of the staff. Note that you hear a bass drum sound as you click. If you dont, from the Simple Menu, choose Simple Entry Options, check Playback on Mouse Entry and click OK. Because different drum instruments will often appear on the same staff but with different rhythms, youll need to use layers for each instrument appearing at the same time. For example, youd normally notate the bass drum rhythms on the same staff as the snare drum. Next click in the space above the staff. Not only do you hear the closed high-hat sound, the notehead appears as an X as well. Sometimes, two different sounds appear on the same line or space in the staff. For example, click in the third space of the staff, to enter a snare drum hit. Instead of the snare, you probably heard a side stick sound instead of a snare drum. Simple solution: press numpad (minus). Click on the note in question. You should now hear a snare drum sound. As an exercise, lets enter the following passage:
yyyy yyy y yyyyyyy yyyyyy y yyyyyyy yy yy y y y y y y y y y y yy yy y c

First, use the Eraser Tool to erase our earlier experiment. Enter the Hi-Hat and Crash notes above the staff. Enter the snare drum notes in the 3rd space of the staff. Remember to get a snare drum sound, youll need a sharped note. Try using the Sharp Tool m in conjunction with the sixteenth note. If you need a refresher on how to enter notes with Simple Entry, see Tutorial 1a: SIMPLE ENTRY. From the View Menu, choose Select Layers, Layer 2. Enter the notes for the bass drum on the first space. You could also choose Layer 2 from the layer selection in the lower left corner of the screen, or hold down @ and d (Mac: a and b) and press 2. Play it back by hitting Play 1 on the Playback Controls. You should hear a simple drum pattern with the appropriate percussion sounds. For more information, see the User Manual under PERCUSSION.

If you worked through all of the Finale tutorials, congratulations! Youve seen all of Finales major features at work. Now begin a project of your own. Read the last chapter of this book for some tips, and remember that the User Manual and QuickStart Video Tips are available under the Help Menu.
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Some of the entries in the User Manual contain discussions of topics youve just covered. See: PERCUSSION QUANTIZATION SCANNING SELECTING MUSIC SPLIT POINTS TABLATURE
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Making the Most of Finale

If youve followed the step-by-step procedures to this point, youve seen most of Finales tools at work. Youre not expected to remember all this material, of course; you can always re-read the in-depth discussions presented in this volume and consult the User Manual and QuickStart Video Tips at any time (under the Help Menu). But knowing which tools are at your disposal is only half the learning process. Now you need to learn how to maximize the programs speed and power to produce the most music, with the fewest false steps, and in the shortest time.
WORKING FROM TEMPLATES

Its a good idea never to build any score configuration more than oncesave any such template, with no music in it, so that you can open it the next time you need a similar system setup. When you open a template document, Finale reads the template and brings an untitled copy to the screen (so you dont accidentally change the original). For starters, you can look at the ready-made staff configurations in the Finale/Templates folder on your hard disk. Youll find more than 30 different kinds of blank scores (piano-vocal scores, choral setups, chamber orchestra scores, and so on.) There are several ways to preserve a blank original template while still having a duplicate to work on: From the File Menu, choose New, then Document from Template. The Open dialog box appears, allowing you to choose a template folder, then document. Double-click the template you want to open. When the document comes to the screen, its called Untitled. This technique achieves the same result as the Save As technique: it preserves the original template for future use, and brings an untitled copy to the screen.
Actually, youve been using a template since you began learning Finale: the Maestro Font Default document. This special document duplicates itself every time you start Finale (or choose the New Default Document option from the New submenu of the File Menu), bringing an untitled copy to the screen.
EDITING THE MAESTRO FONT DEFAULT

If there are items that you want to appear on every new document, such as a copyright at the bottom of the page, you can edit the Maestro Font Default file and save it. Then, each time you start a new default document, or begin a new document from the Setup Wizard, this item will appear in the score. As mentioned earlier, you can also edit any document option and apply it to the Maestro Font Default. Heres how:
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From the File Menu, choose Open. Navigate to the Finale/Component files folder. On Windows, from the Files of Type drop down list, choose *.FTM. Double-click the file Maestro Font Default. A new default file opens. Make any desired changes. For example, from the Document Menu, choose Document Options. Any settings you change here, such as the font size for any item, music spacing settings or any of the other options will apply each time you open a new document. From the File Menu, choose Save. On Windows, from the Files of Type drop-down list, choose Fianle Template File. Mac users skip to the next step. Name the file Maestro Font Default and click save. You replace the old Maestro Font Default with your new one. Now, the settings you made apply for new documents. Note that you will only be able to use this feature if the Maestro Font Default file is located in the Finale/Component Files folder. If this file is removed from the Component Files folder, Finale will open a completely blank unformulated, one measure score when you choose File > New > New Default Document or begin a new score with the Setup Wizard.
SAVING NEW TEMPLATES

In addition to saving a new Maestro Font Default, you can also save other templates that can be used for starting new documents over and over again. On Windows, open any document and make the desired settings. For example, if you plan to compose a multi movement flute piece, you might add some flute staves and create a flute quintet template. When youve setup your score, from the File Menu, choose Save. Then, from the Files of Type drop-down list, choose Finale Template File *.FTM. Name the file whatever you wish and save it to a memorable location, such as the Finale/Templates folder (which opens automatically when you choose File > New > Document From Template). Note that you can save the .FTM file anywhere, and anytime you open it, Finale will create a duplicate copy and leave the original template alone. On Macintosh, open any document and make the desired settings. For example, if you plan to compose a multi movement horn piece, you might add some horn staves and create a horn quintet template. When youve setup your score, from the File Menu, choose Save. Name the file and save it to the Finale/Templates folder. Then, when you want to use the file, from the File Menu, choose New > Document from Template, and double-click to open the file. To open a file as a template, you must choose New > Document From Template from the File Menu. In fact, on Macintosh, you can open any file as a template as long as you first choose Document From Tem192

plate. Using File > Open, will not create a duplicate file, and will save over the original file when you choose Save from the File Menu.
ORDER OF ENTRY
In general, you can make the most of your time by creating your documents in the following order. Save your work frequently. The list below is just one possibility; you may find a different order suits your style better. 1. Use the Setup Wizard or a template to define the instruments and basic layout of your piece. If needed, add, delete or edit staves with the Staff Tool. 2. Enter the music using the Simple Entry Tool, Speedy Entry Tool, or HyperScribe. 3. Edit the music with the Simple Entry Tool. Get familiar with the numeric keypad commands, including duration shortcuts and keystrokes for selecting other tools. Remember, you can right-click (Mac c-click) any entry to edit it with a context menu, or !-click (Mac b-Click) to select any note and use a modifier keystroke to edit the note. To see a list of keystrokes, from the Simple Menu, choose Simple Edit Commands. 4. Using the Playback Controls, listen to your piece to check for mistakes. 5. Put in the lyrics using either Type into Score or Click Assignment. 6. Use the Repeat Tool or one of the Repeat Plug-ins to place any repeats. 7. Add chord symbols and fretboards. 8. Put in all the expression markings: articulations, dynamics, slurs and so on. Assign your most frequently used markings to Metatools. 9. Verify that the music is spaced correctly; if necessary, use the Music Spacing commands in the Mass Edit Menu. 10. Use the Resize Tool to specify the overall size of the music (by clicking the upper-left corner of the page). 11. Look the piece over in Page View. Fix bad page turns or system breaks, using the Mass Edit Tool's Fit Music command. Use the Mass Edit Tool to move measures up or down systems as neccessary using the up and down arrows. 12. Optimize systems, if necessary, by choosing Optimize Staff Systems from the Page Layout Menu. 13. Add rehearsal notes, subtitles and page numbers with the Text Tool. 14. Use the Page Layout Tool to make final adjustments to your score and parts.
SPEED TIP: MINIMIZING SCREEN REDRAWS

Finale is a vast, graphics-intensive program; like any such program, it pushes the computer to its processing limits.
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Completing your scores in the order described in the ORDER OF ENTRY section will help speed Finale along. So will using Staff Sets whenever possible, to hide the staves youre not working on. There are several built-in features that speed Finale along, too, by minimizing the amount of screen-painting (image processing) the program has to do. Sliding the music diagonallyYou may notice that Finale redraws the screen every time you move around the score using the scroll bars. But what about moving diagonally within your score? Instead of using the horizontal scroll bar, then the vertical scroll bar, you can use the Hand Grabber Tool } (on the Main Tool Bar) to move diagonally within your score in a single movement. Even betterinstead of changing tools just to adjust your view of the music, press the right mouse button (Mac: a-b), and drag the music. Release the button, and resume working with whatever tool was selected. Eliminating background redrawsYou can further speed up your work by selecting Redraw Only the Active Window. This option is in the View Menu, under Redraw Options. The Redraw Only the Active Window option affects situations where you have several windows open displaying the same document (or multiple documents); Redraw Only the Active Window prevents Finale from taking the time to update other views when you make a change in the frontmost one. Hide whatever you canAnother way to cut down on the amount of image-processing Finale must do is to hide the elements of the music youre not working on. These options, too, are in the View Menus Redraw Options dialog box. Deselect any items (Music, Lyrics, Chord Symbols, etc.) you can do without for the time being. If youre editing notes, for example, it may be OK for Finale to hide the lyrics. The less Finale has to draw, the faster you can work.
USING KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS

Many of the most commonly-used Finale commands and functions have keyboard shortcuts. You may have noticed that pressing !-A (Mac: a-A) is the same as choosing Select All from the Edit Menu, !-D (Mac: a-D) is the same as choosing Redraw Screen, and pressing !-U (Mac: a-backslash) is the same as choosing Update Layout. You may find it especially useful to select Finale tools without having to use the mouse. In Windows, you can assign any Finale tool to one of the function keys F2 - F12 (F1 and F10 are reserved by Windows). To assign a tool to a function key, select the tool to be assigned, then press d and type a function key. To switch tools, type the tools function key. In Macintosh, you can assign a Finale tool to one of eight keys (F, G, H, J, K, L, semicolon [;] and apostrophe
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[]). To assign a tool to a key, press b-c and type the key to which the tool is to be assigned. In the Master Tool Palette, select the tool, then click OK. To switch tools, press c and type the tools key. To assign a keystroke to any menu item, use the TGTools Menu Shortcuts plug-in. And while it doesnt actually qualify as a keyboard shortcut, Finales power-OK and powerCancel techniques can save you a lot of time. Any time youve crossed through several dialog boxes to make a certain setting (to create something in the Shape Designer, for example), you dont have to retrace your steps back through those dialog boxes. Instead, click OK or Cancel while pressing the ! (Mac: a) key. Youll return directly to the score.
MACROS
The built-in keyboard shortcuts described above and Metatools are all well and good, but what about commands that you use often but which have no keyboard equivalents? Furthermore, what about multistep procedures (switch into Page View, Scale View to 75%, click Page Layout Tool, indent first system, click OK) that you perform often? If youre even a moderate efficiency demon, you should try the FinaleScript plug-in. This plug-in was designed to provide an easy way to automatize repetitive tasks, so a series of commands can be run once for any number of documents, instead of over and over again manually. For example, instead of opening, changing the spacing, transposition and layout of many documents manually, this plug-in allows you to run the same set of commands to all of these documents at once. A series of commands can also be applied to a single document. To access the FinaleScript plugin, from the Plug-ins Menu, choose Miscelaneous, and select FinaleScript Palette. Also, see FINALESCRIPT PLUG-IN in the User Manual. In Addition to the FinaleScript plug-in, you might also consider linking Finale up with a thirdparty macro program. A macro is a series of stepsdragging, choosing menu commands, typing, and so onthats been automated and programmed to execute itself when you press a certain keystroke. Macro programs let you perform any such sequence with a single keystroke. QuicKeys (CE Software: 1-800-5CE-SOFT), or Tempo Shortcutter (Affinity Microsystems: 1-800-367-6771), for example, can make your life with Finale easier. If youre unfamiliar with a macro program, youll have to sit down with its manual and learn how it works. But its a worthwhile investment of time, and will pay for itself many times overevery time you work with Finale, in fact, and get to watch the macro program perform a routine multistep task for you. Furthermore, you can use a macro program to map tool keyboard equivalents (since Finale provides only ten). For example, you may decide to use !-T to switch to the Text Tool. For
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Windows users, check out the Menu Shortcuts Plug-in for another built-in Finale macro program.
LINKS TO THE REST OF THE WORLD

Finale is the most well-connected program you can imagine. It can share its images with graphics programs, its lyrics and text blocks with word processing programs, and its music with sequencers, or other notation programs. With the Finale Showcase, you can even post your files on the Finalemusic Website and share with friends across the globe. One of the most useful examples of Finales cooperation with other software is its ability to handle standard MIDI sequencer files. These special files contain MIDI playback data. Most sequencer programs (Digital Performer, Sonar, Cubase, and so on) can generate and read them, and so can Finale. That means that you can create your music in your favorite sequencer; when its polished and ready to be notated, save it on your disk as a MIDI file and open it with Finale; it will turn into standard notation. When you attempt this process, youll discover that Finale offers literally dozens of options for separating and recombining the music on the various tracks of the sequencer file. If you want, Finale will even retain the velocity, rhythmic feel, and controller information from the original sequence. See MIDI FILES in the User Manual for more details. Note, too, that Finale 2007 can read files created in other music notation programs from MakeMusic, including SongWriter, Finale, Allegro, Finale Guitar, NotePad and MusicProse. Files created in earlier versions of Finale, as well as any of MakeMusics notation programs, can be opened in Finale directly in the opposite platform. For example, files created in PrintMusic! 2004 for Windows can be opened in Finale 2007 for Macintosh. You can also read older crossplatform files, including those from Allegro, Finale Guitar, PrintMusic, NotePad and MusicProse. IMPORTANT: None of MakeMusic's older products can read Finale 2007 files directly, including those saved as ENIGMA Transportable Files (ETFs). To share your files with others who do not own the most recent version of Finale, have them download Finale NotePad 2007 which is available for free at www.finalemusic.com and will open any file saved from Finale 2007. Also, you can use the Music XML plug-in to save files in XML format which can be opened by older Finaleversions (back to Finale2000) using a special third-party Dolet Music XML plug-in (developed by Recordare) installed to the plug-ins folder. See the User Manual under MUSIC XML EXPORT PLUG-IN. See also IMPORTING in the User Manual for more details. In addition to the plug-ins available with Finale 2007, there are also a number of additional plug-ins available created by third-party developers that can improve efficiency and automate tasks. For example the TGTools and Patterson Plug-ins Lite options under Finales Plug-ins menu are samples of the full TGTools collection available at www.tgtools.de and the Patterson
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Plug-in collection available at www.robertgpatterson.com. There are also a number of other plug-in available. See www.finaletips.nu for a list of several. In addition to third party plug-ins, you can also use music fonts created by third party vendors. A wide variety of music fonts are now commercially available and can be used with Finale. See FONTS in the User Manual.
THE NEXT FINALE

Your response to Finale is extremely important to us; the version of Finale youre now using reflects the comments and suggestions of thousands of users. Please send us your ideas and wish lists as you get to know the program. Well read and consider everything we receive; Finale will continue to become better, faster, and easier to use. In the meantime, you have at your disposal a musical tool of tremendous power and flexibility. Youve seen some of what Finale can do, and youll discover other useful features as you become acquainted with it. With this volume and the User Manual as your guides, you should now be ready to work on a project of your own. A fascinating experience awaits you. Heres hoping that Finale enhances your musical productivity and creativity in ways youve never imagined possible.
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Index
Numerics
6/8 meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 8va markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Bend Hat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 Brackets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
C
Check for Extra Notes . . . . . . . . . . 16 Chord Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Edit Learned Chords . . . . . . . Manual Input . . . . . . . . . . . . MIDI Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . One-Staff Analysis . . . . . . . . . Position Fretboards . . . . . . . . Show Fretboards . . . . . . . . . . Two-Staff Analysis . . . . . . . . . Type Into Score . . . . . . . . . . .
A
Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Accidental Mover Tool . . . . . . . . 177 Accidentals
Simple Entry Speedy Entry
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Advanced Tools . . . . . 104, 137, 175 Anacrusis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Apply Note Spacing . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Apply Staff Style . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Arrow Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Articulation Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Articulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Adding a single articulation . . . . . 74 Adding in Simple Entry . . . . . . . . 12 Adding multiple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Deleting a single articulation . . . . . 74 Deleting multiple . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Automatic Music Spacing . . . . . . . 93
B
Backups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Beam Angle Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 Beam Extension Tool . . . . . . . . . 179 Beam Stem Adjust Tool . . . . . . . . 179 Beam Width Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 Beaming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50, 175
50 41 Beat Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Beat Source . . . . . . . . 47, 49, 51, 171
6/8 meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joining or breaking beams . . . . . . .
. . . 65 65, 68 . . . 65 . . . 65 . . . 68 . . . 68 . . . 65 . . . 65 Chord Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Chord Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Chords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18, 30 Clear Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59, 180 Clefs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Changing the Clef in Simple Entry . 20 Click and Countoff . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Click Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Coda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Composer credits . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Compound meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Continuous Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 Copy and Replace . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Copying Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Copying music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 101 Create new Measures . . . . . . . . . . 16 Crescendos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Cue notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Cue staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Custom Stem Tool . . . . . . . . . . . 179
203
Index
D
Dates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Default Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Delete Staff Systems . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Deleting Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Document Menu
Document Settings Layer Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Music Spacing Options . . . . . . . . 71 Playback Options . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Adding in Simple Entry . . . . . . . . 12 Copying and Pasting . . . . . . . . . . 87 Creating Expressions . . . . . . . . . . 80 Defining Playback . . . . . . . . . . . 151 Multimeasure Rests . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Tempo Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
F
Fermatas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 File Menu
Close . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Close All . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 New Default Document . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Document from Template . . 25, 191 Document with Setup Wizard . . . . 1 Open . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii, 4, 65 Open Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Quit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Save . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23, 43 Save Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Document Setup Wizard . . . . . . . . . 1 Dot Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 Double/Split Stem Tool . . . . . . . . 177
E
Edit Learned Chords . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Edit Lyrics . . . . . . . . . . . . 58, 59, 62 Edit Menu
Automatic Music Spacing . . . . . . . 93 Measurement Units . . . . . . . 95, 180 Partial Measure Selection . . . . . . . 40 Select All . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Select Partial Measure . . . . . . . . 112 Select Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Undo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Update Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . 92, 94
Edit Staff Attributes . . . . . . . . . . 109 Editing the Maestro Font Default file
Templates Editing the Maestro Font Default
Fill with Rests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 First Ending Repeats . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Fit Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Frame Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Fret Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
.. 191 EDUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51, 145 EPS file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Eraser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Erasing Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Erasing music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Expression Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . 88
G
Garritan Personal Orchestra (GPO) .
129
Grace notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Graphics Menu
. . . . . . . . . . . . 104 . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Graphics Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Export Selection Place Graphic . .
204
Index
Guitar Bends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 Guitar Tablature . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Internal Speaker Playback . . . . . . . 42
H
Hammer-ons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 Hand Grabber Tool . . . . . . . . . . . 194 Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi Hiding
Notes or Rests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Staves (permanently) . . . . . . . . . Staves (temporarily) . . . . . . . . . .
J
Jump to Next Measure . . . . . . . . . 29
K
Key
. 41 117 113 Home Position . . . . . . . . 40, 99, 101 Horizontal scroll bar . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Human Playback . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 HyperScribe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Record Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Transcribing a Melody . . . . . . . . . 49 Transcribing a Scale . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Two-handed HyperScribing . . . . . . 51
HyperScribe Menu
Beat Source . . . . . . . 47, 49, 51, 171 Playback and Click . . . . . . 47, 171 Tap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49, 51 Record Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . 48, 171 Split into Two Staves . . . . . . . . . 52
. 20 . 55 ..3 Key Signature Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Key Velocities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Keyboard Shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . 194 Kontakt Player . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Changing the Key in Simple Entry Changing the Key Signature . . . . Setting the Key Signature . . . . . .
L
Layer Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Expressions Staff Styles
I
Inner Voices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Insert mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Insert Page Break . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Insert Staff Systems . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Inserting Notes or Rests . . . . . . . . 35 Installing Finale
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Linked Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 Creating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 Manage Parts dialog box . . . . . . . 121 Multimeasure rests . . . . . . . . . . 123 Select Parts/Score dialog box . . . . 123
Lyrics
Click Assignment Type into Score .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Lyrics Menu
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Instrument Definition dialog box 126 Instrument List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Macintosh Windows
Lyrics Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Click Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Edit Lyrics . . . . . . . . . . . 58, 59, 62 Shift Lyrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Type into Score . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
205
Index
M
Macros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 Maestro Font Default . . . . . . 46, 191 Main Tool Palette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Mass Edit Menu
Clear Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59, 180 Copy and Replace . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Fit Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Music Spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Apply Note Spacing . . . . . . . . . . 93 Transpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 Unlock Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 Remove Stem Changes . . . . . . . 181
MIDI System basics

Macintosh Windows
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
MIDI Time Code MIDI Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

see Syncing Finale to Video
150 150 MIDI Tool Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 MIDISCAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 Mixer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Movie Window
Copying MIDI Tool data . . . . . . . Removing MIDI Tool data . . . . . .
Mass Edit Tool 13, 59, 87, 91, 93, 112 Measure Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Measure Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 Measure Tool . . . . . . 21, 39, 94, 181 Measurement Units . . . . . . . . 95, 180 Measures
Adding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deleting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selecting Several Measures . . . . . .
Moving music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 MTC

Multimeasure Rests
Expressions
21 39 38 Menu bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Message Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Metatools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Articulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Tuplets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Metronome Click . . . . . . . . . 48, 171 MicNotator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 MIDI Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
MIDI Menu
Click and Countoff . . . . . . . . 46, 171 Quantization Settings . . . . . . . . . . 51 More Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Macintosh Windows
Multimeasure rests . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Multiple Voices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Music Spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Music Spacing Options . . . . . . . . . 71 Music XML Musica ficta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
see Dolet Music XML plug-in
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
N
New Staves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 New Staves (with Wizard) . . . . . 114 Note Durations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Note Position Tool . . . . . . . . . . . 176 Note Shape Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 Notehead Position Tool . . . . . . . 176 Notes, Hiding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Nudge Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
MIDI Setup Dialog Box
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
206
Index
O
Open Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Optimizing Systems . . . . . . . . . . 117 Order of Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Simplified
QuickStart Video Tips . . . . . . . . xxi
R
Read Me file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi Record Mode . . . . . . . . . . 48, 52, 171 Redraw Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 Rehearsal letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Remove Stem Changes . . . . . . . . 181 Repeat Barlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Repeat Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Resize
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxii
OS X
Configuring MIDI with OS X 10.2.x
xv
P
Page Breaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Page counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Page Layout Menu
. . . . . . . . . 98 . . . . . . . . . 98 . . . . . . . . . 98 . . . . . . . . 118 . . . . . . . . . 97 Page Layout Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Page Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . 101, 103 Page View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21, 116 Partial Measures . . . . . . . . . . 40, 112
Parts
see Linked Parts
Delete Staff Systems . . Insert Page Break . . . . Insert Staff Systems . . Optimize Staff Systems Space Systems Evenly .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Resize Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Note . . . . . . Notehead . . Page . . . . . . Staff . . . . . . Staff System
S
Save Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Saving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Scale View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22, 46 Scanning Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 Scroll View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21, 109 Scrubbing Playback . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Second Ending Repeats . . . . . . . . . 63 Second Verse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Secondary Beam Angle Tool . . . . 179 Secondary Beam Break Tool . . . . 179 Select All . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Select Notes on Entry . . . . . . . . . . 16 Select Staff Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Selecting music
Pickup Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Playback . . . . . . . . . . 42, 53, 67, 125 Playback and Click . . . . . . . . 47, 171 Playback Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Playback During Drag . . . . . . . . . . 29 Playback Options . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Program Staff Set . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Pull-offs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Scrubbing
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Q
Quantization Settings . . . . . . . . . . 51
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Selection Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Serial Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi

Select Region Shift-click . . 207
Index
Set Default Name Positions . . . . . 110 Setup Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 161 Shape Designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 Shift Lyrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 Show Staff Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Simple Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Accidentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Changing the Key Signatures, Time Signature, and Clef . . . . . . . . . 20 Chords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Eraser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Secondary Beam Break Tool . . . . Stem Direction Tool . . . . . . . . . . Stem Length Tool . . . . . . . . . . . Tie Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
179 177 177 179
Special Tools Menu

Show Handles
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 Speed Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Speedy Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Accidentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Chords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Editing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Tuplets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Speedy Entry Keypad Commands
Macintosh Windows
Simple Entry Palette . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Simple Entry Rests Palette . . . . . . . 7 Simple Menu

Check for Extra Notes . . . . . . . . . Create New Measures . . . . . . . . . . Fill with Rests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Playback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Select Notes on Entry . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
16 16 16 16 16 Slides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 Slurs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Smart Shape Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 SmartScore Lite . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

SMPTE Space Systems Evenly . . . . . . . . . . 97 Special Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Accidental Mover . . . . . . . . . . . . Beam Angle Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . Beam Extension Tool . . . . . . . . . Beam Stem Adjust Tool . . . . . . . Beam Width Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . Custom Stem Tool . . . . . . . . . . . Dot Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Double/Split Stem Tool . . . . . . . Note Position Tool . . . . . . . . . . . Note Shape Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . Notehead Position Tool . . . . . . . Secondary Beam Angle Tool . . . . see Syncing Finale to Video
Speedy Menu
35 29 29 26 Split into Two Staves . . . . . . . . . . 52 Staccatos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Staff Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Staff Menu
Insert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jump to Next Measure . . . . . . . . . Playback During Drag . . . . . . . . . . Use MIDI Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . .
177 179 179 179 179 179 180 177 176 176 176 179
116 109 109 114 110 111 111 116 Staff Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Staff Sets
Apply Staff Style . . . . . . . . . . . . Edit Staff Attributes . . . . . . . . . . New Staves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New Staves (with Wizard) . . . . . Set Default Name Positions . . . . . Abbreviated Staff Names . . . . . Full Staff Names . . . . . . . . . . . Show Staff Styles . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Staff Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Staff Tool . . . . . . 109, 113, 115, 116 Start and Stop Times . . . . . . . . . 143
Programming Selecting . . .
Starting and Authorizing Finale
208
Index
Windows Macintosh Hiding . Inserting
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Starting Finale Staves
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii Status Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113, 117 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Stem Direction Tool . . . . . . . . . . 177 Stem Length Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 Stems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69, 175 Changing Length . . . . . . . . 177, 179 Custom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 Flipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Subtitles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Swing Playback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 Syncing Finale to Video . . . . . . . 157
Systems
Inserting or Deleting
Tempo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43, 154 Tempo Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 Text Menu

Font . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frame Attributes . . . . . . . . . Inserts Page Number . . . . . . . . . . Justification . . . . . . . . . . . . . Placement Center Horizontally . . . . . . Right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 102 . . . 103
. . . 103 . . . 102
. . . 102 . . . 103 . . . 102 Text Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Ties
.................9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 TIFFs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105, 188

Simple Entry Special Tools Speedy Entry
. . . . . . . . . . 98
Time
Changing the Meter in Simple Entry
T
Tablature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161, 172
Changing the String and Fret Number
164
Copying Music To and From a Tab Staff
170 164 169 169 167 Tap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49, 51 Tapping a Tempo . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 Technical support . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Saving new . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 On Macintosh . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 On Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 Working from . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Entering with a MIDI Guitar . . . . Entry directly into a tab staff . . . . Hammer-ons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pull-offs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
162
. . . . 56 . . 3, 50 Time Signature Tool . . . . . . . . 50, 56 Time Signatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Titles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Transcribing a Melody . . . . . . . . . 49 Transcribing a Scale . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Transposing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 Transposing Instruments . . . . . . 114 Tuplet Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19, 32 Tuplets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Speedy Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Two-handed HyperScribing . . . . . 51 Type Into Score . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Changing the Time Signature Setting the Time Signature . .
20
U
Undo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Unlock Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
209
Index
Upbeat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Update Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . 92, 94 Use MIDI Keyboard for Input . . . . 26 User Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
V
Verses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58, 61 Vertical scroll bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Video View Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Home Position . . . . . . . . 40, 99, 101 Page View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Program Staff Set . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Redraw Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 Scale View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22, 46 Scroll View . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21, 109 see Syncing Finale to Video
Voices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
W
Window Menu
Advanced Tools . . . . . 104, 137, 175 Cascade/Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Instrument List . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 New Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Tile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Word Extensions . . . . . . . . . . 58, 63
Z
Zoom Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
210

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INSTALLATION AND TUTORIALS

for Windows and Macintosh

Finale 2007 for Windows and Macintosh

Installation for Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vii

Installation for Macintosh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii

How to Learn Finale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi Tutorial 1a: Simple Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

Tutorial 1b: Speedy Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Tutorial 2: Adding Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55

Tutorial 3: Articulations and Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73

Tutorial 4: Layout and Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91

Tutorial 5: Working with Scores and Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . .109

Tutorial 6: Playback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125

Tutorial 7: Guitar Tab and Fretted Instruments . . . . . . . . .161

Before You Begin

ABOUT THIS BOOK

Before You Begin

Installation for Windows

Installation for Windows

PREPARING FOR PRINTING

SETTING UP YOUR MIDI SYSTEM

Installation for Windows

AMPLIFIER & SPEAKER

To Game/Joystick port on Soundcard

MIDI Out MIDI In KEYBOARD

STARTING AND AUTHORIZING FINALE

Installation for Windows

Installation for Windows

Installation for Windows

Installation for Macintosh

PREPARING FOR PRINTING

Installation for Macintosh

TO SETUP YOUR PRINTER:

SETTING UP YOUR MIDI SYSTEM

Installation for Macintosh

AMPLIFIER & SPEAKER

From serial or USB port

MIDI In MIDI Out INTERFACE

MIDI Out MIDI In KEYBOARD

Installation for Macintosh

Installation for Macintosh

Installation for Macintosh

THE MIDI SETUP DIALOG BOX

SETTING UP MIDI WITH OS X

Installation for Macintosh

Click OK. Youre all set to explore Finale on your own.

Installation for Macintosh

How to Learn Finale

How to Learn Finale

SIMPLIFIED ORDER OF ENTRY

Tutorial 1a: Simple Entry

CREATING A NEW DOCUMENT WITH THE DOCUMENT SETUP WIZARD

Tutorial 1a: Simple Entry

Tutorial 1a: Simple Entry

Tutorial 1a: Simple Entry

Tutorial 1a: Simple Entry

Vertical Window Scroll