Janna Mae S.

Osol BSOA 2-3N FINAL ASSESSMENTS in IT ERA

MODULE 5
1. Discuss how digital technology change society in the area of:
a. Business – Digital technology has a big impact on the area of business in a way that it
promoted a lot of businesses and helps in increasing productivity by using social media platforms
for marketing and promotion. The use of websites now allowed companies to develop new and
cheaper ways of offering customers with opportunities of buying goods and services at their
convenient time and enhance the level of customer service. Additionally, enables new ways to
connect to and engage with local communities.
b. Job- Digital technology changes society in area of job because some skillsets are replaced by
a combination of technology and higher skilled labor, or even completely automated. At the same
time, digitalization yields opportunities by creating employment in new and existing industries,
with greater job-to-job mobility facilitated by online job search tools. Digital technology increased
productivity, efficiency, and cost-saving in jobs, however, it may destroy jobs at risk of automation
because some human tasks were replaced by technologies.
c. Health- Digitalization can affect people’s health status through the emergence of new physical
and mental health risks and through its impact on the health-care delivery system. Health risks
associated with the digital transformations include mental health problems associated with the
extreme use of digital technologies, especially among children and teenagers and the crowding
out of other activities such as physical exercise.
d. Lifestyle- Digital technology affects almost every aspect of our life, from online shopping,
virtual communication, better access to information and many more. It transforms our life in
countless ways, offering convenience, connectivity, and productivity while also presenting
challenges that we must navigate carefully. Aside from its positive effects, it also posed risk factors
like internet addiction, being a victim of cybercrimes, and a bad effect on our mental and physical
health.
e. Entertainment- With the advent of new technologies, the world of entertainment is constantly
evolving. Digital broadcasting has completely changed the way we experience television and
radio. Cinema can now be found at the comfort of your home through application like Netflix. We
get entertained by the content that we see in Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram. Computer
gaming has also been an important influence in the development of graphical interfaces. These
are some of the many technologies we use for entertainment that arise in the Digital Age.
f. Education- Digital technology impact the entire education society tremendously. Online
learning facilitates learning through digital mode. With the help of multimedia, it enhances
effectiveness of teaching-learning and hence proves crucial for early learners, slow learners and
differently abled learners. Modern ICT tools not only deliver the content but also replicate formal
learning experience via virtual learning. Digital technologies unlock new learning opportunities in
the classroom by giving students access to a wider range of resources, by complementing the
teacher in learning processes (computer-assisted learning) and by providing other advantages to
students, such as access to motivational and informational resources associated with access to
tertiary education programs.
2. Differentiate Technological Determinism and Social Constructivism. Elaborate and give
concrete examples.
- Technological Determinism is a theory which strongly believe that technology shapes the culture,
values, social structures of a society. The main reason why society progresses is because of the
kind technology the society has. The technology has the control over the society --- over human
actions, culture and values. Technology greatly influences human thought and action. In other
words, the society is changing because of technology. An example of Technological Determinism
is the invention of gun. Before, the weapons used were swords and archery which soldiers had
to be skilled and trained in using these weapons. But a new invention in technology changed it
all. A gun was invented which require a less effort and can be even from far distances. This
technology changed the way soldiers are trained. It also changed how soldiers fight in a war.
Social Constructivism on the other hand, believes that humans play a main role in shaping
technology rather than technology shaping society. It believes that technology does not determine
human action, but rather, human action shapes the technology. It believes that technology does
not determine human action, but rather, human action shapes the technology. Our curiosity, the
hunger to expand, and the need to do things efficiently drive us to create these technologies. An
example of social constructivism are collaborative learning activities, simulations, and researches
that creates an idea to invent or innovate something.
3. Describe the process of technological change. How technological evolution takes
place?
- The process of technological change involves several stages, beginning with the formulation of
scientific principles. This initial phase entails conducting research to understand the fundamental
laws of nature and the underlying mechanics of various phenomena. Scientists and researchers
engage in theoretical and experimental work to establish these principles, which serve as the
foundation for future technological advancements. Once these scientific principles are well-
defined, the next step is their application to solve technical problems. This phase often involves
designing prototypes, conducting experiments, and refining techniques to ensure that the
principles can be effectively utilized in practical scenarios. The final stage in the process of
technological change is the development of technical inventions to the point of commercial
exploitation. During this stage, considerations such as cost-effectiveness, usability, and market
demand are crucial. Innovators and entrepreneurs work to ensure that the new technology is not
only functional but also accessible and attractive to consumers or industries.
Technological evolution takes place as new discoveries and innovations build upon existing
knowledge. Each breakthrough provides a stepping stone for further advancements, creating a
cumulative effect. Additionally, societal needs and market demands drive the continuous
improvement and diversification of technologies. As challenges arise, new solutions are
developed, which in turn, inspire further scientific inquiry and technological development.

MODULE 6
1. Enumerate 5 IoT devices and discuss what smart abilities do they have.
a. Smartwatch- Devices like the Apple Watch and Fitbit have revolutionized personal health
monitoring and connectivity. These smart watches can track a variety of health metrics such as
heart rate, sleep patterns, physical activity, and even detect irregularities like atrial fibrillation.
They also offer features like GPS navigation, mobile payments, and notifications for calls, texts,
and emails, all accessible from the wrist. Integration with other health and fitness apps further
enhances their functionality, providing users with a comprehensive tool for managing their health
and staying connected on the go.
b. Smart Security Cameras: Devices such as the Ring Doorbell Camera provide real-time video
surveillance and alerts. These cameras have motion detection capabilities, sending notifications
to the user's smartphone when movement is detected. They also feature two-way audio, allowing
homeowners to communicate with visitors remotely. Integration with smart home systems and
voice assistants enhances security management, enabling voice commands and automated
routines.
c. Smart TV- Smart TVs, such as those from Samsung and LG, offer a seamless integration of
internet connectivity with traditional television. These devices provide access to streaming
services like Netflix, Hulu, and YouTube, as well as social media platforms and web browsing.
They can be controlled via voice commands, remote controls, or smartphone apps, and often
integrate with other smart home devices. Smart TVs also support features like screen mirroring,
which allows users to display content from their smartphones or tablets directly onto the TV
screen, enhancing the viewing experience.
d. Smart Refrigerators- These refrigerators feature touchscreens that can display calendars,
stream music, and provide recipes. They are equipped with internal cameras that allow users to
view the contents of their fridge remotely, helping them keep track of inventory and reduce food
waste. Some smart refrigerators can also suggest recipes based on available ingredients, create
shopping lists, and even place online grocery orders.
e. Smart lights- These lights can be programmed to turn on or off at specific times, mimic natural
daylight patterns, or change color based on specific triggers like music beats or movie scenes.
They also integrate with home automation systems, enabling users to create customized lighting
scenes for different moods and activities.
2. Differentiate virtual reality technology and augmented technology from one another.
- Virtual reality (VR), the use of computer modeling and simulation that enables a person to
interact with an artificial three-dimensional (3-D) visual or other sensory environment. VR
applications immerse the user in a computer-generated environment that simulates reality using
interactive devices, which send and receive information and are worn as goggles, headsets,
gloves, or body suits. Augmented reality, on the other hand, is a more versatile and practical
version of virtual reality, as it does not fully immerse individuals in an experience. Augmented
reality features interactive scenarios that enhance the real world with images and sounds that
create an altered experience. Phones and tablets are the way augmented reality gets into most
people's lives. One of the most popular ways AR has infiltrated everyday life is through mobile
games.
3. What are the positive and negative implications of these emerging trends to our culture
and society?
- The emergence of IoT devices brings both benefits and challenges to society. Positively, they
enhance convenience, energy efficiency, and connectivity, improving health monitoring and
expanding access to information and entertainment. However, concerns over privacy, security
vulnerabilities, and digital inequalities arise. The rapid adoption of IoT may also impact social
interactions, potentially diminishing interpersonal skills and cultural diversity. Addressing these
challenges requires ethical considerations, strong cybersecurity measures, and inclusive policies
to ensure equitable access and protection for all individuals and communities.

MODULE 7
Using the fundamentals of graphics design, enumerate and explain the elements on this
image that need to improve and be able to create your version of this design.
- First, the typography requires attention; the current fonts lack distinctiveness and fail to establish
a strong visual hierarchy. Choosing modern, readable fonts and creating clear differentiation
between headlines, subheadings, and body text will enhance readability and impact. The layout
is cluttered and unbalanced, with the image and text competing for attention. Simplifying the
design by incorporating white space and aligning elements more strategically can create a
cleaner, more organized appearance. The color scheme is monotonous and fails to draw attention
to key information. Introducing a more vibrant color palette that contrasts the background with the
text will help emphasize important details. Additionally, the overall alignment and spacing are
inconsistent, which detracts from the flyer’s professionalism. Ensuring consistent margins,
padding, and alignment of elements will contribute to a more polished and visually appealing
design.

MODULE 8
1. Define photography in your own words.
- Photography is a form of art that captures different perspective of a photographer’s eye. It
captures emotions, record stories, and remember events.

2. What are the three basic types of Photography?

- The three basic types of photography are landscape, portrait, and documentary.

3. Explain the photographic triangle.

- The photographic triangle refers to the three fundamental elements of exposure in photography:
aperture, shutter speed, and ISO (or film speed). These elements work together to control the
amount of light that reaches the camera sensor or film, thus affecting the brightness, clarity, and
overall quality of the photograph.

4. Explain the difference between Underexposure and Overexposure.

- Underexposure occurs when a photograph is too dark because not enough light reaches the
camera sensor or film. This results in loss of detail in shadows and darker areas. Overexposure,
on the other hand, happens when a photograph is too bright because too much light reaches the
sensor or film, causing highlights to lose detail and appear washed out.

5. Take a picture of any style of photography you want and explain the meaning of that
picture.

The picture shows a sunset with buildings in the foreground.

The sky is filled with warm colors like orange and gold, making
it look peaceful and beautiful. The buildings are dark against
the bright sky, creating a nice contrast. It feels calm and quiet,
even though it's in the middle of a busy city. The photo captures
a moment when the sun is setting, making everything look
glowing and magical.

6. Define and explain Aperture.

- Aperture refers to the opening in the lens through which light passes into the camera. It is
measured in f-stops, with lower f-numbers indicating larger openings and higher f-numbers
indicating smaller openings. Aperture controls the amount of light entering the camera and also
affects depth of field—the range of sharpness in a photograph from foreground to background

7. Define and explain Shutter Speed.

- Shutter speed refers to the amount of time the camera's shutter remains open to expose the
camera sensor or film to light. It is measured in fractions of a second, such as 1/1000s or 1/30s.
Faster shutter speeds freeze motion, while slower speeds create motion blur. Shutter speed also
plays a crucial role in controlling exposure alongside aperture and ISO.

8. Define and explain ISO/Film Speed.

- ISO, or film speed in traditional film photography, measures the sensitivity of the camera sensor
or film to light. A lower ISO number (e.g., ISO 100) indicates lower sensitivity and finer grain,
suitable for bright conditions. A higher ISO number (e.g., ISO 1600) increases sensitivity, allowing
for shooting in low light but resulting in more noticeable grain or digital noise in the photograph.
Adjusting ISO helps photographers achieve proper exposure in various lighting conditions.
9. Take a portrait photo of yourself and perform simple post processing using that picture.
(Note: Take a screenshot on the step by step process of your post processing)