Smart Engineering for a better world

Presented by Sourabh Pathak

7th semester (CSE)

Abstract-
Smart Engineering describes methods, processes, and IT tools for the interdisciplinary,
system-oriented development of innovative, intelligent and networked products,
production plants, and infrastructures. These aspects are commonly known under the term
"Industry 4.0".

How far we have come?

Modern Computers: It may sound very basic and obvious, but computers have given birth
to the modern world; thus, they must be mentioned. Without home and office computers,
the world would have been stuck in the 1940s. Today, every industry, including Banking,
Aviation, Consumer Goods, Manufacturing Units, Power Plants, etc., runs on and depends
on computers. Don’t you think the world will fall into anarchy if every computer decides to
stop working from tomorrow!

Green Energy: Now, let’s move on to something relatively recent. Green Energy is a broad
term. It is a term categorized for any energy generated from natural resources. These may
include sunlight, water, wind, etc. Green energy has no detrimental effects on the
environment, unlike fossil fuels.

Artificial Intelligence (AI): Ah! Wouldn’t it be wonderful if your daily life, including work,
remained on autopilot? Well, this dream can be fulfilled these days easily with the help of
artificial intelligence (AI). We use AI daily, from using Google Maps to find directions to Siri
on our iPhones to Alexa on Amazon Echo devices. In many workplaces, AI has also been
integrated to make people’s jobs easier and more efficient such as voice assistants in
phone calls, email, chatbots, etc.

Mobile Wallets: Mobile wallets are electronic wallets (E-wallets) used to make payments
for anything starting from regular groceries to high-tech factory equipment. Gone are the
days when you have to use paper bills or plastic cards to make payments. E-wallets are a
hassle-free method to make fast and secure payments with the press of a button.
Moreover, all banks have mobile phone apps, through which you can also make payments.
Prime examples of E-wallets and mobile banking solutions include PayPal, SBI Yono,
GPay,

Growth of Small Businesses: eCommerce is a huge deal in today’s global economy. It

has enabled countless small businesses to form and prosper in the last two decades. Small
businesses these days can easily become very successful with the help of careful online
 marketing. From local clothing brands to freelancers, all entrepreneurs take advantage of
this e-solution to move forward and develop better and more efficient businesses.

Eat Anything from Anywhere Without Leaving Your Home: Do you remember when you
wanted to eat something fancy, and you had to go out to eat at a restaurant, or you craved
some particular food from a restaurant that didn’t deliver food at your doorstep? Those
days are gone. With the advent of food delivery apps on your smartphones, you can order
any food from a restaurant in your city. Be it your favourite Biryani from a top-quality
restaurant or an obscure roadside Dhaba that makes the best Tandoori Chicken, such
apps provide food-delivery services to satisfy your cravings!

Smart Phones: The birth of smartphones brought to our palms a technological solution to

all problems (literally). With the help of smartphones, we can do everything, such as
perform phone calls, do banking transactions, watch movies, find out the news, check our
emails, pay our bills, etc. Life has become a breeze with this modern technological marvel.
Isn’t it!

Opportunities
The digitalization of business processes requires a complete digital product model
that not only maps the development process but also the entire product lifecycle
(digital master and digital twin).
Smart, connected products require interdisciplinary engineering. If it is to be
possible for different development partners to work together on the system
properties, a cross-discipline definition is needed. Model-based systems
engineering closes this gap and makes possible a complete digital representation of
a product over its entire lifecycle.
Product data today is still managed in data silos, i.e.in separate ALM,PLM and ERP
systems that are only partially integrated, if at all. What is needed is secure and
efficient access to consistent and up-to-date product data over the entire product
lifecycle.
Inexpensive, high quality additive manufacturing processes (30 printing) allow for
technical product complexity that meets the exact design requirements and is no
longer constrained by restrictive production processes .Furthermore, the use of
embedded software ,sensors and actuators makes product customization easier
while at the same time reducing the number of physical variants.
The Internet of Things (loT) and Big Data allow data from the entire product
lifecycle to be analyzed and utilized. Access to data relating to wear and tear,
operating parameters, usage statistics and to service data not only enables
predictive maintenance but also ensures fast feedback regarding customer benefits
and expectations from the after-sales phase of the development process. This
facilitates and accelerates product optimization in terms of functionality, cost and
quality.

Trending Technologies
Artificial Intelligence Applications

AI is widely used in the field of healthcare. Companies are attempting to develop

technologies that will allow for rapid diagnosis. Artificial Intelligence would be able to operate
on patients without the need for human oversight. Surgical procedures based on technology
are already being performed.

Artificial Intelligence would save a lot of our time. The use of robots would decrease human
labour. For example, in industries robots are used which have saved a lot of human effort
and time. 

Artificial intelligence is the future of innovative technology as we can use it in many fields.
For example, it can be used in the Military sector, Industrial sector, Automobiles, etc. In the
coming years, we will be able to see more applications of AI as this technology is evolving
day by day. 

Marketing: Artificial Intelligence provides a deep knowledge of consumers and potential

clients to the marketers by enabling them to deliver information at the right time. Through AI
solutions, the marketers can refine their campaigns and strategies.

Agriculture: AI technology can be used to detect diseases in plants, pests, and poor plant
nutrition. With the help of AI, farmers can analyse the weather conditions, temperature,
water usage, and condition of the soil.

Internet of Things (IoT)

Over the past few years, IoT has become one of the most important technologies of the 21st
century. Now that we can connect everyday objects—kitchen appliances, cars, thermostats,
baby monitors—to the internet via embedded devices, seamless communication is possible
between people, processes, and things.

By means of low-cost computing, the cloud, big data, analytics, and mobile technologies,
physical things can share and collect data with minimal human intervention. In this hyper
connected world , digital systems can record, monitor, and adjust each interaction between
connected things. The physical world meets the digital world—and they cooperate.

Access to low-cost, low-power sensor technology. Affordable and reliable sensors

are making IoT technology possible for more manufacturers.
Connectivity. A host of network protocols for the internet has made it easy to connect
sensors to the cloud and to other “things” for efficient data transfer.
Cloud computing platforms. The increase in the availability of cloud platforms enables
both businesses and consumers to access the infrastructure they need to scale up
without actually having to manage it all.

Social Impact
Following are some social issues that we face while using the internet:
 Identity Theft: To use the identity of some other person by getting his financial/
personal information in a fraud manner in order to commit a crime.
 Gaming Addiction: An individual’s capacity to perform in multiple life domains is
severely affected as a result of the excessive use of internet games over a long period
of time.
 Health and Fitness: Using a lot of the internet lay an impact on health and fitness, it
may impact your eyesight, backbone, etc.
 Cyberbullying: The use of technology to bully, abuse, criticize, or target another
person is known as cyberbullying.
 Terrorism and Crime: Theft of our cyber-infrastructure, as well as digital information
such as software, hardware, data, or information, is considered cyberterrorism.
 Communication Breakdown: A communication breakdown occurs when information
is not exchanged, resulting in a loss of interaction.
 Defamation of Character: The act of transmitting a piece of false information in order
to do serious harm to another person’s goodwill is known as defamation of character.

Positive Impacts of technology on society:

Technology has a more positive impact on humans or society as compared to negative. It

makes our life easier and reward us by providing resources or tool that make our life much
easier. Following are some positive changes that technology brings to our life:
 Improved Communication: Communication is the most important part of society, we
build or transfer our thoughts with each other with the help of communication. Earlier
people used pigeons or birds to transfer their messages to their loved ones. After that
technology slowly grows and the medium of transferring information is changed to
mobile phones, email, etc. Nowadays, we send messages to loved ones or known
people via email, social media platforms, etc. It is the fastest, efficient, and effective
medium. People can talk or share information with their loved ones easily even if they
are very far away from them.
 Improved Education and learning process: Technology enhances the education and
learning process. Nowadays, people can easily enhance their knowledge using the
internet. Most of the data is present on the internet is free of cost, and you can access
this data anytime and anywhere.

Conclusion:
It is clear from the above explanation that Smart engineering is capable of bringing about
vast changes in society. But this should not be considered a ‘determining’ factor of social life.
Man is a master as well as a servant of the machine. He has the ability to alter the circum-
stances which have been the creation of his own technology. He is indeed, a creature as
well as a critic of the circumstances.