Mil - Lesson10

Lesson 10:
Current and Future Trends of

Media and Information
Every time we browse the internet for leisure, we would most likely look into one
common item: trend. For sure, getting updated is the first thing we will care to do as
global citizens of the world wide web, because in this age where information can be
accessed in just a tap of a finger, we will never want to be left behind.
What is trending right now as I write these words may not be the trend anymore
tomorrow. And so, more than just settling on what is “in” today, we always try to look
beyond and imagine what the future will hold. We better get back to learning; the
future may be just a click away.
The 10 New Paradigms of Communication in the Digital Age

We began our discussion of MIL with a look into the models of communication. I
hope you can still recall the concepts they represented. However, these are traditional
models that were conceptualized in the 20th century. Now that we are in the Digital
Age (which some experts consider as the Connected Age as you will learn later), our
outlook on communication changes too. Orihuela (2017) proposes 10 new paradigms
or concepts that characterize communication now:
PARADIGM 1: FROM AUDIENCE TO USER
The communication process in the actual scenario is user centered: users have the
control to choose, to decide, to search, to define and configure, to subscribe or
unsubscribe, to comment and, most important: to write, talk and film.
PARADIGM 2. FROM MEDIA TO CONTENT
The media convergence has reset media identity. Media brand image becomes one of
the most valuable activities of media companies: a source of credibility and prestige
for digital content.
PARADIGM 3. FROM MONOMEDIA TO MULTIMEDIA
The multimedia identity of the actual environment allows all media industries to
converge online and traditional media (press, broadcast, movies). Online media are
multimedia, and multimedia is a new language.
PARADIGM 4. FROM PERIODICITY TO REAL-TIME
Sharing news and opinions with the ability to interact in real-time are the seed of
cyber communities. However, opportunities for reflection diminishes when
information comes and goes as quick as time, but today’s fast-paced information
promotes dynamism and new conversational styles.
PARADIGM 5. FROM SCARCITY TO ABUNDANCE
Space for the print media and time for broadcast media ceased to be the limit to
content and now the time of the user is the new scarce resource. The overflow of
information calls for new skills and tools to manage data, news, and opinions.
PARADIGM 6. FROM EDITOR-MEDIATED TO NON-MEDIATED
Worldwide publishing without editors, but with a close peer review daily process and
in most cases open to comments from readers is the nature of social web publishing.
Hence, the agenda of relevant current affairs goes beyond the established media land
and now is share with a wide variety of new sources, most of them not media.
PARADIGM 7. FROM DISTRIBUTION TO ACCESS
The access paradigm is complementary with the user center paradigm and both
explain the strong interactive nature of the new environment. Access means to seek,
search, navigate, surf, decide, an active attitude, a will to connect and communicate,
the contrary of the passive reception of media content.
PARADIGM 8. FROM ONE WAY TO INTERACTIVITY
This has three levels:
First level: the possibility for the user to choose the format of information display
(browser and navigation interface configuration).
Second level: the possibility for the user to produce input for a system. This
contribution could be co-authoring, writing comments, answering pools and tests,
posting news, and so on.
Third level: the possibility for the user to communicate with other users of the system
in real or delay time.
PARADIGM 9. FROM LINEAR TO HYPERTEXT
Hypertext becomes the grammar of the digital world. The pathways of the info spaces
are built on links. Creating and activating links online could be the new name of
alphabetization. Reading and writing by linking, this is, exploring and creating
hypertextual environments daily is the most strategic skill digital natives are
achieving.
PARADIGM 10. FROM DATA TO KNOWLEDGE
The extraordinary amount of data these days bring back the role of media as social
managers of knowledge. Today, the strategic mission of media is the information
about the information: information intelligence, interpretation, filtering and
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searching combined with the challenge of new interactive multimedia narratives and
delivered by a wide range of channels.
Keep in mind these ten paradigms as we go over this lesson as well as the succeeding
ones.
Trends in Digital Technology

Many of the technological advances we are seeing today will shape our daily lives in
the future – the way we relax, interact, communicate and conduct business. From
virtual worlds, avatar emotions, artificial intelligence, computer generated
storytelling and narrative, interactive 360 holographic images, mixed reality, stress
disorder virtual therapies and so much more. ICT will continue to advance, empower
and transform every aspect of our life. Here are some of these emerging technologies
and trends.
Haptics technology
Is a feedback technology (using

computer applications) that takes
advantage of the user’s sense of
touch by applying force, vibrations
and/or motions to the User. Simple
haptics is used in game controllers,
joysticks and steering wheels and is
becoming more common in
Smartphones. Haptics is gaining
widespread acceptance as a key
part of virtual reality systems (i.e.
computer simulated environments)
- adding the sense of touch to
previously visual only solutions. It is also used in virtual arts, such as sound
synthesis, graphic design and animation. There are many possibilities for Haptics to
be applied to gaming, movies, manufacturing, medical, and other industries. Imagine
your doctor operating on your local hospital from his computer in Australia.
Contextual awareness
By combining ‘hard sensor’ information such as where you are and the conditions
around you, combined with ‘soft sensors’ such as your calendar, your social network
and past preferences - future devices will constantly learn about who you are and
how you live, work and play. As your devices learn about your life, they can begin to
anticipate your needs. Imagine your PC advising you to leave home 15 minutes early
or take a different route to avoid a traffic jam on your way to work. Consider a
“context aware” remote control that instantly determines who is holding it and
automatically selects the Smart TV preferences for that person.
Voice and tone recognition
Not only can voice and tone recognition be used to confirm a person’s identity but
tone recognition can be used to detect a person’s health or emotional state. This
technology will open new opportunities in security and healthcare – with mobile
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applications.
Intelligent routing to devices

This future technology will be useful to, for example, local councils. While on the
move, staff will be able to provide the precise description and location of a streetbased
issue using Smartphones and mobile devices that can take photos and have GPS
(global positioning system) support. Intelligent routing will then alert the responsible
team to action.
Eye tracking technology
Eye tracking technology measures eye positions and movements which are analyzed
through computer applications. Future laptops, smartphones and tablets could
contain thousands of tiny imaging sensors built into the display screen. Eye tracking
technology could have many possible applications, including:
• Law enforcement – lie detection

• Airport security – identifying
suspicious behavior, e.g. to catch
terrorists before they strike
• Retail – recording, monitoring and
analyzing consumer behavior to
‘tailor’ marketing to individuals
• Safety - alerting and awakening a drowsy or distracted driver would save many
lives
• Health care – assisting people with disabilities or paralysis to communicate
(laptop) and improve mobility (electric wheelchair)
• Human-computer interaction – using screen icons and a blink here or a gaze
there. Say goodbye to the mouse and keyboard.
Internet glasses
Technology that can display images directly

onto our retinas while not blocking our
sight is being developed. This technology can
be used in eyeglasses and have uses ranging
from e-Gaming to military defense. In the
next 10-20 years experts predict
that Internet glasses will replace
Smartphones. Imagine these viewing
experiences:
Seeing building schematics and locations of others (especially useful for

security or fire fighters)
•
Giving a speech while information is streamed to your eyeglasses in real
time
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• Receiving turn by turn directions as you walk toward your destination
Viewing virtual recipes while cooking without losing your rhythm
•
Walking down the street, seeing one of your friends show up "on screen" 2
•
blocks and 1 cafe away
Wearable Technology
Wearable technologies today are smart watches. These watches are worn as a typical
wristwatch but do more than just tell time. Modern smart watches perform the same
functions as smartphones.
Smart watches as a wearable are

developed for convenience, but its
inability to function as an
independent gadget puts it at a
distinct disadvantage. Another
example is a Fitness tracker. It is
derived from smart watches in form
and physical design but serves
health applications. Fitness
trackers aim to promote health and
wellness among its enthusiasts,
unfortunately, issues in their
accuracy have been raised in
several reviews. Virtual Reality (VR)
wearable technology is gradually
growing in popularity among
enthusiasts. Wearable technology takes users to computer generated worlds and let
them experience it as if they were actually there. However, concerns were raised
about VR technology’s potential to cause a total disconnection from the physical
world.
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The Massive Open Online Course and its implications
The media and information are in a constant change, and its development is a
continuous process. This development is highly dependent on how connected entities
are. In fact, while some books would refer to this age as the Age of Information, others
would fittingly call this time as the “Connected Age.” Oblinger (2013) provides
explanation to the current ways of the world:
The change started with the network. Moving digital information instantly from one
place to another has reshaped delivery systems, business models, and economics
With that said the next matter to be considered is on how we as citizens of this age
keep ourselves connected to the worldwide network. It cannot be argued that getting
updated as often as possible is the key to our connectedness. Hence, the educating
aspect of the connected age becomes a prime concern, and with this, MOOC comes
in the frontline.
The Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) is defined as a model for delivering learning
content online to any person who wants to take a course, with no limit on attendance.
It can be characterized by the following:
1. A revolutionary approach to education that moves away from the physical to the
virtual
2. A kind of learning that happens online, breaking the norm of traditional schools
or universities for higher education.
3. Utilizes information technologies like analytics to help instructors gauge their
student’s learning.
4. Emphasis on connectedness.
The Implications
1. By taking learning into virtual space, attendance is no longer a determining factor

in one’s education. This makes MOOC learning a popular alternative for those whose
life situations make them unable to attend regular schools
2. Managing MOOC is relatively cheaper than running educational institutions. By
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taking out the experiences of Universities – which are passed down to students in
exorbitant fees- MOOC addresses the high cost of education.
3. Analytic provides information about the learning process of students. Through the
use of data collected through analytics, MOOC provides a means to improve learning.
4. Since it focuses on connectedness as part of the learning process, MOOC allows
education to take place on a global scale, connecting learners and instructors all over
the world to one another to maximize education.

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Lesson 10:

Current and Future Trends of

The 10 New Paradigms of Communication in the Digital Age

PARADIGM 1: FROM AUDIENCE TO USER

PARADIGM 2. FROM MEDIA TO CONTENT

PARADIGM 3. FROM MONOMEDIA TO MULTIMEDIA

PARADIGM 5. FROM SCARCITY TO ABUNDANCE

PARADIGM 6. FROM EDITOR-MEDIATED TO NON-MEDIATED

PARADIGM 7. FROM DISTRIBUTION TO ACCESS

PARADIGM 8. FROM ONE WAY TO INTERACTIVITY

This has three levels:

PARADIGM 9. FROM LINEAR TO HYPERTEXT

PARADIGM 10. FROM DATA TO KNOWLEDGE

Trends in Digital Technology

Is a feedback technology (using

Voice and tone recognition

Intelligent routing to devices

Eye tracking technology

• Law enforcement – lie detection

Technology that can display images directly

Seeing building schematics and locations of others (especially useful for

Smart watches as a wearable are

1. By taking learning into virtual space, attendance is no longer a determining factor

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