Grade 10

Set(2) Grade - 10
Section(A)
1.TRUE/FALSE 2.Blanks 3.Choose
(a)FALSE (a) thermal/photovoltaic (a) C
(b) TRUE (b) oxy-fuel gas flame (b) C
(c) TRUE (c) pH meter (c) B
(d) FALSE (d) fertilisers (d) A
(e) FALSE (e) filtration (e) B
(f) TRUE (f) golbal warning (f) B
(g)FALSE (g) green house (g) C
(h)TRUE (h) sandstone (h) B
(i)FALSE (i) methane (i) B
(j)FALSE (j) poly butenes (j) A
Section – B
4. Answer ALL question.
(a) The mountaineers need to carry oxygen cylinders as at high altitudes, the air is thin. Also diver need to carry
oxygen cylinder,there is less oxygen dissolved in water.
(b) Physical properties of acids
(i) Acids are hazardous, irritant and corrosive.
(ii) Acids have a sour taste.
(iii) Acids dissolve in water to form solutions which conduct electricity.
(iv) Acids solutions have pH values less than 7.
(v) Acids have the ability to changee the colour of indicators and turn blue litmus paper ( an indicator ) red.
(c) Global warming is the unusually rapid increase in Earth's average surface temperature over the past century
primarily due to the greenhouse gases released by people burning fossil fuels.
(d)(i) Biogas a renewable fuel that's produced when organic matter is broken down by microorganisms in the
absence of oxygen.
(ii) Diesel fuel is thicker in density, it evaporates more slowly. It has a higher energy density, which means that
20% more energy is produced from Diesel than the same amount of gasoline.
(e) Diamond is hard because the carbon atoms in diamond are bonded in a stronger tetrahedron pattern but graphite is
soft and slippery because the carbon atoms in graphite are bonded in layers with only weak vanderwall force holding
the layers together.
(a) Chlorine is a greenish yellow gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. It is two and a half times
heavier than air.
Fluorine is a pale yellow, diatomic, highly corrosive, flammable gas, with a pungent odor. It is the lightest halogen.
(b) Lemon juice has acid in it that removes the dirty color or oxidation and makes the penny nice and shiny again.
(c) Acid rain results when sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) are emitted into the atmosphere and
transported by wind and air currents. The SO2 and NOX react with water, oxygen and other chemicals to form
sulphuric and nitric acids.
6. Answer ALL questions.
(a) Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, while graphite is composed of multiple
layers of graphene.
(b) Indicators are substances that change colour when they are added to acidic or alkaline solutions.
(i)pH6 = base
(ii)pH3 = acid
(iii)pH7 = base
(iv)pH8 = base
(c)solution
(i) % of carbon = 82.8%
% of hydrogen = 100 – 82.8% = 17.2%
C H
% by mass 82.8 17.2
82.8 17.2
Divided by relative atomic mass
12 1
6.9 17.2
6.9 17.2
6.9 6.9
1 2.42
2 5
The empirical formula of Q =C2H5
(ii) ( C2H2)n = (C4H5)2= (C2H5)2
∴n=2
∴ The empirical formula of Q = C4H10 ‘Q’ can be found in petroleum gases because the petroleum gas contains
approximately of 1 4 carbon atoms per molecules.
(a) Human activities that generate domestic sewage and toxic waste cause water pollution by contaminating water
with disease-causing microorganisms and poisonous substances.
(b) (i) Sulphuric acid, H2SO4
(ii) MgO(s) + H2SO4(aq) MgSO4(aq) + H20(l)
Magnesium + sulphuric Magnesium + water
Oxide acid sulphate
(iii) H2SO4(aq) 2H+(aq) + SO42-
H+ ions causes the solution acidic.
(C) (i) Most hydrogen is manufactured on a large scale in industery from petrol and natural gas. For example, a
mixture of methane ( from natural gas ) and steam is passed over a nickel catalyst.
Methane + steam Ni carbon dioxide + hydrogen
CH4(g) + H20(g) Ni CO(g) + 3H2(g)
The carbon monoxide gas Is then reacted with more steam.
Carbon monoxide + steam carbon dioxide + hydrogen
CO(g) + H2O(g) CO2(g) + H2(g)
The hydrogen is separated from the carbondioxide by passing the gases through an alkali to absorb the acidic carbon
dioxide.
(ii) Smaller quantities of hydrogen are produced by the electrolysis of water containing sulphuric acid, though it is
more expansive.
water hydrogen + oxygen
2H20(g) H2(g)+ O2(g)
Hydrogen burns cleanly in air. The product is steam, which is a non-pollutant.
Hydrogen + oxygen steam
2H2(g) + O2(g) 2H2O(g)

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Set(2) Grade - 10

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