DET3TA, DET3TC, DET3TD and DET4TD - EN

DET Series
EARTH GROUND ELECTRODE TESTERS

User Guide
Contents
Symbols used on the instrument are: 2
INTRODUCTION 3
G SAFETY WARNINGS 4
G LIVE EARTH SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 4
G BATTERY INSTALLATION 5
G BATTERY CHARGING (DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 ONLY) 5
GENERAL DESCRIPTION 6
PREPARATIONS FOR USE 8
GENERAL OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 9
INSTRUMENT ILLUSTRATIONS 11
BATTERY 18
Battery replacement 20
FUSE 21
DESCRIPTION OF TESTS 22
PREVENTIVE INSTRUMENT MAINTENANCE 41
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION DET3Tx & DET4Tx 42
REPAIR AND WARRANTY 45
Symbols used on the instrument are:

G Caution: refer to accompanying notes
t Equipment protected throughout by Double Insulation
c Equipment complies with current EU directives
Equipment complies with current UK legislation
Equipment complies with “C tick” requirements
Do not dispose of in normal waste stream
CAT IV 100 V Over voltage category IV is for equipment installed at or near the origin of the electrical
supply to a building.
100 V refer to the rms phase-to-earth voltage that this instrument can withstand to
the overvoltage category IV rating
Note: The safety warnings provided in this document are indicative of safe practice and shall not be considered
exhaustive. Additionally, they are not intended to replace local safety procedures where the instrument is being
used.
Note: This user guide uses the terms ‘earth’ and ‘ground’ interchangeably.
2 DET Series www.megger.com
Introduction
Thank you for purchasing the Megger Earth Ground Tester.
For your own safety and to get the maximum benefit from your instrument, please ensure that you read and understand the
following safety warnings and instructions before attempting to use the instruments.
This user manual describes the operation and functions of the DET series of Earth Ground Testers:
■ DET3TA
■ DET3TC
■ DET3TD
■ DET4TD2
■ DET4TR2
■ DET4TC2
■ DET4TCR2
■ MCC CLAMP
■ MVC CLAMP
■ CALIBRATION ADAPTOR
■ TWO-CLAMP CALIBRATION ADAPTOR
These instruments are designed and manufactured by:
Megger Limited
Archcliffe Road
Dover
Kent
CT17 9EN
England
Megger Limited reserves the right to change the specification of these instruments at any time without prior notice.

G SAFETY WARNINGS
■ Safety Warnings and Precautions must be read and understood before the instrument is used. They must be
observed during use.
■ The CAT IV 100 V rating is dependant on the use of a leadset of at least this rating, for example the optional two
wire leadset part number 1001-858.
■ Do not leave the instrument connected to the system under test when not in use.
■ Do not touch circuit connections and exposed metalwork of an installation or equipment under test.
■ Do not touch the earth stakes, test leads and their terminations (including connections to the earthing system under
test) if an installation earth fault can arise unless adequate precautions are taken.
■ Do not touch the earth stakes, test leads and their terminations (including connections to the earthing system under
test) while the instrument is switched on.
■ Do not operate the instrument or connect it to any external system if it shows any visible signs of damage or if it has
been stored for prolonged periods in unfavourable conditions.
■ Do not operate the instrument or connect it to any external system if the battery compartment or casing is open or
any parts of the case (including keypad, selector switch, display window, etc.) are missing.
■ Special precautions are necessary when operating in situations where “live” earths may be encountered: isolation
switches and fuses (not supplied with this instrument) must be used.
■ Special precautions are necessary when working near high tension systems (MV and HV): rubber gloves and shoes
(not supplied with this instrument) should be worn.
■ Special precautions are necessary when working in wet conditions or in agricultural areas: observe the local safety
standards and take all necessary special precautions applicable to the particular location and do not touch the test
leads with bare hands.
■ Always disconnect the instrument from the earthing system under test while batteries are being changed or the fuse
replaced.
■ Always replace batteries and fuses with parts of the correct type and rating.
■ Do not replace the rechargeable cells in the DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 with non-rechargeable “dry” cells.
■ Do not use any other charging equipment other than that supplied by Megger for use with the DET4TR2 and
DET4TCR2.
■ Do not operate the charging equipment supplied with the DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 in damp or wet environments or
outside.
CAT IV - Measurement category IV: Equipment connected between the origin of the low-voltage mains supply and the
distribution panel.
CAT III - Measurement category III: Equipment connected between the distribution panel and the electrical outlets.
CAT II - Measurement category II: Equipment connected between the electrical outlets and the user’s equipment.
NOTE: THE INSTRUMENT MUST ONLY BE USED BY SUITABLY TRAINED AND COMPETENT PERSONS!
Users of this equipment and/or their employers are reminded that National Health and Safety Legislation requires them
to carry out valid risk assessments of all electrical work so as to identify potential sources of electrical danger and risk of
electrical injury such as inadvertent short circuits. Where the assessments show that the risk is significant then the use of
fused test leads may be appropriate.

G LIVE EARTH SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
A ‘Live’ earth is one that carries current from the mains supply, or could do so under fault conditions. The following
warnings apply in addition to those listed previously:
■ All persons involved must be trained and competent in isolation and safety procedures for the system to be worked
on. They must be clearly instructed not to touch the earth electrode, test stakes, test leads, or their terminations if
any ‘Live’ earths may be encountered. It is recommended that they wear appropriate rubber gloves, rubber soled
shoes, and stand on a rubber mat.
■ The earth electrode under test should be isolated from the circuit it is protecting before testing commences. If this is
not possible, ART may be used to measure electrode resistance.
■ The instrument terminals should be connected to the system under test through isolation switches that are rated to
handle the likely maximum fault voltages and currents that could be encountered at the installation. The isolation
switch must be open whilst any personal contact is made with the remote test stakes, or the connecting leads, e.g.
when changing their position.
■ The instrument terminals should be connected to the system under test through fuses that are rated to handle the
likely maximum fault voltages and currents that could be encountered at the installation.
G BATTERY INSTALLATION
WARNING : Whenever battery cells are being fitted or replaced, there should be no connections to the
instrument terminals and the instrument should be switched off.
WARNING : To avoid damage by leaking electrolyte or deep discharge, do not leave cells fitted in an instrument
which will remain unused for extended periods of time.
WARNING : Incorrect battery cell polarity can cause electrolyte leakage, resulting in damage to the instrument.
If the battery condition indicator does not show a full charge when battery cells are new, a cell may be
reversed.
WARNING : DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 ONLY Warning: Only use the cells recommended by Megger, part number
1000-530.
G BATTERY CHARGING (DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 ONLY)

WARNING : Whenever battery cells are being recharged, there should be no connections to the instrument
terminals and the instrument should be switched off.
WARNING : Do not attempt to recharge non-rechargeable (dry) cells in the DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2. Doing so
will result in instrument damage and may cause personal injury.
WARNING : Only use the charging equipment provided by Megger for use with this instrument.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The Megger DET family of test instruments offers a unique solution to the measurement of earth or ground electrode (rod)
resistance and soil resistivity. The family has seven variants supporting 2, 3 and 4-wire measurements.
■ The DET3TA provides 2 and 3-wire measurements and offers an analogue display.
■ The DET3TC and DET3TD provide 2 and 3-wire measurements and offer a digital display.
■ The DET4TD2, DET4TR2, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 provide 2, 3 and 4-wire measurement and offer a digital display.
■ The DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 provide a rechargeable battery power source.
■ The DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 offer variable frequency testing (94 Hz, 105 Hz, 111 Hz and 128 Hz) and
measurement to 200 kΩ for 2P and 3P measurements.
The DET3TC, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 can use an optional current clamp (MCC CLAMP) to measure conductor current and
electrode (rod) resistance without disconnection, leaving the installation earthing system intact (Attached Rod Technique,
ART).
Additionally, the DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 can drive an optional voltage-inducing clamp (MVC CLAMP) which, in
conjunction with the MCC CLAMP, can be used to make stakeless measurements of the earthing system.

The DET family have the following features:
DET4TCR2
DET4TD2
DET4TR2
DET4TC2
DET3TD
DET3TA
DET3TC
Feature
Automatic C stake check n n n n n n
Automatic P stake check n n n n n n
Manual P stake check n
Automatic noise check n n n n n n
Manual noise check n
Noise rejection (40 V pk-pk) n n n n n n n
Variable frequency test n n
2-wire test n n n n n n n
3-wire test n n n n n n n
4-wire test n n n n
2 kΩ range n n n n n n n
20 kΩ range n n n n
200 kΩ range n n
No disconnect testing (ART) n n n
Stakeless measurement n n
Voltmeter (ground noise voltage
n n n n n n n
measurement)
Current meter n n n
LCD display n n n n n n
Backlit display n n
Moving coil meter n
IP54 rated n n n n n n n
EN61010-1 100 V CAT IV n n n n n n n
Built-in battery charger n n
Each instrument kit comprises the following:
■ DET instrument
■ Test leads (for 3-wire instruments, lead lengths are: 3 m, 10 m and 15 m; for 4-wire instruments:
3 m, 10 m, 10 m and 15 m)
■ Test stakes (for 3-wire instruments: 2 stakes are supplied; for 4-wire instruments, 4 stakes are supplied)
■ Batteries – 8x AA (LR6) alkaline (except DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2)
■ Batteries – 8x AA (LR6) 2000 mA hr NiMH (DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 only)
■ Warranty card
■ Calibration certificate (not DET3TA)
■ Tough polypropylene carrying-case
■ External AC/DC adaptor (DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 only)

PREPARATIONS FOR USE
Batteries
The Megger DET series instruments are supplied with batteries fitted. When batteries become exhausted, refer to the
section on battery replacement or recharging.
Warning: Do not switch the instrument on with the battery cover removed.
Inspection
Before each use of the instrument, visually inspect the instrument case, test leads, stakes and connectors to confirm that
their condition is good, with no damaged or broken insulation.

GENERAL OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
Instrument output voltage selection

The maximum output voltage of the instrument is 50 V. It is possible to reduce this to 25 V for operation in situations which
require it. The most appropriate output voltage should be selected by the operator based on local safety procedures.
The procedure for changing the output voltage is as follows:
DET3TA:
1. Press and hold the TEST button and switch instrument ON to the V setting using the selector switch.
2. The needle will sweep across the scaleplate and return to the rest position. [On older DET3TC and DET3TD
instruments, the firmware version will be displayed followed by ‘tst’].
3. Release TEST button. The maximum output test voltage will be displayed, either ‘50 V’ or ‘25 V’.
4. To toggle between the maximum output test voltages, press the TEST button.
5. Switch off instrument when the desired maximum test voltage is displayed
DET3TC, DET3TD, DET4TD2, DET4TR2, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2:

1. Press the 25V/50V button after selecting the measurement mode; the display will indicate the selected output
voltage.
NOTE : For ART mode, the output voltage is automatically set to 25 V and cannot be changed. Some older
versions of the DET3TC and DET3TD do not have the the 25 V/50 V button. The procedure for changing the
output voltage is as per the DET3TA.
Auto power down

To extend battery life, the instrument will automatically switch off six minutes after the last operation.
The instrument can be switched back on by turning the selector switch to the OFF position and then selecting the desired
mode of operation.
Display symbols (DET3TC, DET3TD, DET4TD2, DET4TR2, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2)
Symbol Meaning
Warning triangle. (Refer to user guide)
G
Fuse blown.
f
Battery indicator.
ARTP Situation is suitable for making ART measurements [DET3TC, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 only].
ARTO Situation is not suitable for making ART measurements [DET3TC, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 only].
>100V Indicates that the ground noise voltage exceeds the instrument measurement capability (test is inhibited).
RpP Potential stake (P stake) is within range for accurate measurement.
RpO Potential stake (P stake) resistance exceeds range for accurate measurement.
RcP Current stake (C stake) is within range for accurate Measurement.
RcO Current stake (C Stake) resistance exceeds range for accurate measurement.
Ground noise voltage is within range for accurate measurement of resistance.
V P
Ground noise voltage exceeds range for accurate measurement of resistance.
V O
MCC CLAMP is connected; MVC CLAMP is connected [DET3TC, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 only].
P
MCC CLAMP is not connected; MVC CLAMP is not connected [DET3TC, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 only].
O
Sufficient MCC CLAMP current [DET3TC, DET4TC and DET4TCR only].
I P
Insufficient MCC CLAMP current [DET3TC, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 only].
I O

Display symbols (DET3TA)
Symbol Meaning
Current stake (C Stake) resistance exceeds range for accurate measurement. OR Fuse blown.
Rc
Current stake (C stake) is within range for accurate measurement.
Rc
Instrument is performing pre-measurement checks.
Rc

INSTRUMENT ILLUSTRATIONS
DET3TA
Multi-function analogue display Test lead
connections (at
rear
Rc OK
Resistance measurement
settings (2P and 3P)
Selector switch
Spike Test Battery check setting
button button voltage setting
Resistance scale
Voltage scale
Potential test spike

resistance indicator
Battery charge indicator
Test lead connections (at rear of instrument)

DET3TC
Test lead connections

LCD display (at rear) Resistance
measurement
settings (2P and 3P
and clamp)
Selector switch
Voltage
and current
Test button 25 V/50 V output measurement
voltage select button settings
Output Warning –
voltage Ruptured fuse refer to user Battery charge
indicator indicator manual indicator
ART measurement indicator

(Possible/Not possible)
Measuring range
Clamp current/ presence

indicator (OK/ Not OK)
Over/under Potential probe Current probe Ground noise voltage

range indicator resistance resistance indicator (OK/Not OK)
indicator (OK/Not OK)
(OK/Not OK)

DET3TD
LCD display Test lead connections Resistance

(at rear) measurement
settings (2P and 3P)
Selector switch
Voltage
measurement
Test button 25 V/50 V output output
voltage select button settings
Output Warning –
voltage Ruptured fuse refer to user Battery charge
indicator indicator manual indicator
Measuring range

range indicator resistance resistance indicator (OK or high)
indicator (OK or high)
(OK or high)

DET4TD2

LCD display (at rear) Resistance
measurement settings
(2P, 3P and 4P)
Selector switch
Test button 25 V/50 V output Voltage measurement output settings

voltage select button
Output Warning –
voltage Ruptured fuse refer to user Battery charge indicator
indicator indicator manual
Measuring range
Over/under Potential probe Current probe Ground noise voltage indicator

range indicator resistance resistance (OK (OK or high)
indicator or high)
(OK or high)

DET4TR2

LCD display (at rear) Resistance measurement
settings (2P, 3P and 4P)
Selector switch
Voltage measurement
output settings
Test button 25 V/50 V output
voltage select button
Output Warning –
Ruptured fuse refer to user Battery charge
voltage
indicator manual indicator
indicator
Measuring range
Over/under Potential probe Current probe Ground noise voltage indicator

range indicator resistance resistance (OK (OK or high)
indicator or high)
(OK or high)

DET4TC2

LCD display (at rear) Resistance measurement
settings
Selector switch
Voltage measurement
settings
Frequency Backlight
Test button 25 V/50 V
select button control button
output voltage
select button
Output Warning –
voltage Ruptured fuse refer to user
indicator indicator manual Battery charge indicator
IART measurement
indicator
Measuring range
Clamp current/ presence indicator (OK/ Not OK)

range indicator resistance resistance (OK/ indicator (OK/Not OK)
indicator Not OK)
(OK/Not OK)

DET4TCR2

LCD display (at rear)
Resistance measurement settings
Selector switch
Voltage measurement settings
Frequency Backlight
Test button 25 V/50 V select button control button
output voltage
select button
Output Warning –
voltage Ruptured fuse refer to user
indicator indicator manual Battery charge indicator
ART measurement
indicator
Measuring range
Clamp current/ presence

indicator (OK/ Not OK)

range indicator resistance resistance (OK/ indicator (OK/Not OK)
indicator Not OK)
(OK/Not OK)
Test lead connections (at rear of instrument

BATTERY
Battery status indication (DET3TC, DET3TD, DET4TD2 and DET4TC2)

The battery condition indicator is displayed whilst the instrument is switched on as shown:
100% battery charge remaining.
Some charge remaining, but instrument may auto power down at any time.
0% battery charge remaining – instrument will auto power down.
Battery status indication (DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2)

The battery condition indicator is displayed whilst the instrument is switched on as shown:
Full battery charge – shown immediately after charging.
Nearly fully battery charge.
Some change remaining, but instrument may auto power down at any time.
0% battery charge remaining – instrument will auto power down.
Note: If the DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2’s rechargeable batteries are replaced with alkaline batteries the instrument
may automatically disable its charging circuit to prevent inadvertent charging of non-rechargeable cells. Follow
the instructions ‘Re- enabling the DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 charger circuit’ to switch the charger back on when
the NiMH cells are re-inserted.
Battery status indication (DET3TA)
1. Set the rotary selector switch to the position.
2. Press and hold the TEST button.

3. The battery charge level will be indicated on the scaleplate as shown in Figure 1
Fig 1: battery charge level indicator
4. Release the TEST button.
Battery charging (DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2)

When the battery status indicator shows a nearly empty or exhausted battery, the instrument may be recharged using the
following procedure:
WARNING : Do not attempt to operate the instrument whilst the external AC/DC adaptor is connected.
WARNING : Do not attempt to recharge non-rechargeable (dry) cells in the DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2. Doing so
will result in instrument damage and may cause personal injury. Only use the cells recommended by Megger.
WARNING : Only use the external charging equipment provided by Megger.
1. To avoid the possibility of electric shock, switch instrument OFF and disconnect the instrument from any electrical
circuits.
2. Move the slide on the terminal panel until the external AC/DC adaptor socket is exposed.
3. Remove the bung from the AC/DC adaptor socket.
4. Connect the AC/DC adaptor and switch on.
5. The charging cycle will commence and last approximately 17 hours. Follow the progress using the charge status LED
as shown in Figure 2..
NOTE: The instrument ambient temperature should be between +10 ºC (50 ºF) and +40 ºC (105 ºF) during the
charging cycle.
Fig 2: charge status LED progression
Battery charging complete.
Battery charging in progress.
Defective/non-rechargeable cells detected or no batteries present.
Defective/non-rechargeable cells detected or no batteries present. Charging terminated.
Battery type
DET3TA, DET3TC, DET3TD, DET4TD2, DET4TC2:
8 x AA (LR6) 1.5 V Alkaline.
Megger part number: 25511-841.
DET4TR2, DET4TCR2:
8 x AA (LR6) 1.2 V NiMH 2000 mAhr.

Battery replacement
Battery replacement
WARNING : Do not operate instrument with the battery cover removed.
WARNING : Incorrect battery cell polarity can cause electrolyte leakage, resulting in damage to the instrument.
If the battery condition indicator does not show a full charge when battery cells are new, a cell may be
reversed.
WARNING : To avoid damage by leaking electrolyte or deep discharge, do not leave cells fitted in an
instrument, which will remain unused for extended periods of time.
circuits.
2. The rear cover must not be opened if the test leads are connected.
3. To avoid the possibility of electric shock, do not press the TEST button or touch the fuse when changing batteries.
4. To remove the rear cover, release the screw at the bottom of the cover and lift the cover upwards.
5. Remove the exhausted cells and dispose of in an appropriate manner.
6. Refit new batteries of the correct type observing the correct polarity as marked on the battery compartment.
7. Replace the instrument back cover and secure by tightening the retaining screw.
Re-enabling the battery charging circuit on the DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2

If the DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2’s rechargeable batteries are replaced with alkaline batteries the instrument may automatically
disable its charging circuit to prevent inadvertent charging of non-rechargeable cells. Follow the instructions below to switch
the charger back on when the NiMH cells are re-inserted:
1. Switch the instrument on in to the 4P position while holding down the TEST button.
The display will carry out a self test then briefly display the software version number.
2. The screen will show the letters ‘tst’ – release the TEST button.
The Charger Enable Screen will be shown (see below).
3. The state of the charger circuit is shown by either a cross or a tick being shown below the letters ‘CHg’. A cross
indicates that the charger circuit is disabled.
4. If the cross is shown, re-enable the charger by pressing the TEST button once (the cross should change to a tick).
5. Switch the instrument OFF to save the new setting

FUSE
Fuse status indication (DET3TC, DET3TD, DET4TD2, DET4TR2, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2)
The fuse blown status indicator is displayed whilst the instrument is switched on and performing a test as shown:
f Fuse blown
Fuse status indication (DET3TA)

The fuse blown indication is given by the Rc LED when performing a test as shown:
Rc Fuse blown.
Fuse type
All instruments: 500 mA (F), HBC (50 kA, 600 V), 32mm x 6mm.
Fuse replacement
WARNING : Do not operate instrument with the battery cover removed.
WARNING : Fitting an incorrect fuse type will reduce operator safety.
circuits.
2. The rear cover must not be opened if the test leads are connected.
3. To remove the rear cover, release the screw at the bottom of the cover and lift the cover upwards.
4. To avoid the possibility of electric shock, do not press the TEST button when changing the fuse.
5. Remove the ruptured fuse.
6. Refit new fuse of the correct type.
7. Replace the instrument back cover and secure by tightening the retaining screw

DESCRIPTION OF TESTS
The description of tests contained within this user guide are instructions for the use of the DET family of instruments by
competent persons.
Suitable applications
Where there is doubt about a particular application, reference should be made to the advice and guidance contained in the
publication, “Getting Down to Earth” which is available from Megger, part number 21500-072.
The DET range of instruments can be used in agricultural locations (as per IEC 61557-5). In these circumstances, the output
voltage should be switched to 25 V in order to comply with the standard.
The DET range of instruments makes resistance measurements using a switched DC signal at a frequency of 128 Hz. The
DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 provide the user with the option to select 94 Hz,
105 Hz, 111 Hz or 128 Hz as the test frequency.
Note about measurements: when connecting the instrument to electrodes, ensure that any leads and cables are fully
unwound and laid out without loops.
Principle of operation (two-terminal resistance measurement)

This technique is used to measure the resistance between two earth points, e.g. between an earth electrode of unknown
resistance and a known “good” ground connection such as metallic underground pipework or building steelwork.
The DET injects an a.c. current of known magnitude into the system under test and measures the voltage developed across
it as shown in Figure 3. The system resistance is a simple ratio as per Ohm’s Law, i.e. R=V/I.
Fig 3: schematic for two-terminal resistance measurement
The DET instruments automatically link the C1-P1 and C2-P2 terminals when a two-terminal test is selected
Principle of operation (three-terminal resistance measurement)

The classic “fall of potential” test is used to accurately measure the resistance of an earth electrode using auxiliary stakes
driven into the soil, which form a circuit for the test current injection and voltage measurement as used for the two-terminal
method.
The DET injects an a.c. current of known magnitude into the system under test and measures the voltage developed across
it as shown in Figure 4. The system resistance is a simple ratio as per Ohm’s Law. In this case, the potential stake is moved by
fixed increments in a straight line between the electrode under test and the current stake. At each location, the resistance is
calculated as R=V/I. A graph of resistance versus potential stake position is plotted and the resistance of the electrode under
test is taken to be the point at which the curve is flattest.
Empirical testing has shown that with suitably positioned stakes, this method can be shortened by placing the potential
stake at a distance of approximately 62% between the electrode under test and the current stake, i.e. at A = 0.62 x B.

Fig 4: schematic for three-terminal resistance measurement with lead null
In this diagram, the C1 and P1 terminals are connected together at the electrode under test. This is the “three-terminal with
lead null” configuration which is only applicable in four-terminal testers. This configuration allows the resistance of the P1
lead to the electrode under test to be “nulled” out. For three-terminal testers or when lead null is not required, only the P1
terminal (or X terminal on a three-terminal instrument) connects to the electrode under test. This is shown in Figure 5.
Fig 5: schematic for three-terminal resistance measurement without lead null
Principle of operation (three-terminal resistance measurement using ART)

The classic three-terminal test method has a disadvantage, namely that the electrode under test must be disconnected from
the system it is supposed to protect in the event of a power system fault. The reason for this is that the injected test current
will take all possible routes to ground and not all of it will necessarily flow through the electrode under test. In this case, the
instrument will make a reading of the entire earthing network, not just the individual electrode.
By using a current transducer (the Megger MCC CLAMP) to measure the current flowing through the electrode under test
as a fraction of the total test current injected, the instrument can determine the individual resistance. This arrangement is
shown in Figure 6.
Fig 6: schematic for three-terminal resistance measurement using ART without lead null
In this configuration, the injected test current I splits along two paths into I1 (flowing into the connected earthing system)
and I2 (flowing into the electrode under test, i.e. I=I1+I2. The resistance of the electrode under test is calculated as R=V/I2
or R=V/ (I-I1). The current transducer (MCC CLAMP) measures I2 and feeds this value back to the instrument.

Principle of operation (two-clamp stakeless resistance measurement)
In this example, the electrode under test is connected to a network of other electrodes. It is either impractical or unsafe to
disconnect an individual electrode for testing. Also, there might be insufficient space to perform a classic three-terminal
resistance measurement. The stakeless test method using both MVC CLAMP and MCC CLAMP can be used to obtain a
measurement for the electrode under test.
A defined test voltage is injected into the system using the MVC CLAMP, inducing a current, I, to flow and be measured
by the MCC CLAMP. The model shown in Figure 7 can be simplified to the resistance of the electrode under test, Rx and
the resistance of the other electrodes in parallel, i.e. R1 || R2 || … || Rn. Therefore, the current induced by the test voltage
is I=V/[Rx+(R1 || R2 || … || Rn)]. It follows that as the resistance of the other electrodes in parallel approaches zero, then the
resistance measured, approaches the value of the electrode under test.
Fig 7: schematic for two-clamp stakeless resistance measurement
Principle of operation (four-terminal resistivity measurement)

The soil resistivity measurement works on a similar principle to the other measurements which use stakes: a current is
injected around an outer loop and a voltage measured, shown in Figure 8. In this case, however, the measurement made by
the instrument requires further conversion using a formula to derive the volumetric soil resistivity from the resistance value
display.
Fig 8: schematic for 4-terminal resistivity measurement
For this test, the relative spacing and depth of the stakes is important. When configured as shown in Figure 8, the soil
resistivity can be calculated from the resistance value, R, displayed on the instrument as p = 2 x π x A x R.

Measurement of ground noise voltage (DET3TC, DET3TD, DET4TD2, DET4TR2, DET4TC2 and
DET4TCR2)
1. Ensure the rotary selector switch is in the OFF position.
2. Connect the instrument as shown in Figure 9.

Fig 9: instrument connection for measuring ground noise voltage
3. Set the rotary selector switch to the V position.
4. The ground noise voltage reading will be displayed as shown in Figure 10.
Fig 10: example ground noise voltage reading (DET4 display shown)
Note:
■ The instrument will display the warning triangle and an excessive noise voltage indicator above
40 V pk-pk (14 Vrms).
■ The instrument will display the warning triangle and an over-range condition above 100 V.

Measurement of ground noise voltage (DET3TA)

Fig 11: instrument connection for measuring ground noise voltage
3. Set the rotary selector switch to the V position.
4. The ground noise voltage reading will be indicated on the scaleplate as shown in Figure 12.
Fig 12: example ground noise voltage reading

Two-terminal resistance measurement (DET3TC, DET3TD, DET4TD2, DET4TR2, DET4TC2 and
DET4TCR2)

Fig 13: instrument connection for measuring two-terminal resistance
3. Set the rotary selector switch to the 2P position.
4. Select the desired test voltage using the 25 V/50 V button.
5. DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 only: Select the desired test frequency using the Hz button.
6. Press and release the TEST button (by holding the TEST button, the resistance measurement will be continually
updated).
7. The instrument will perform pre-measurement check, the status of which will be indicated on the display.
8. The two-terminal resistance reading will be displayed as shown in Figure 14.

Fig 14: example two-terminal resistance reading (DET4 display shown)
Note:
■ The test voltage used to make the two-terminal resistance reading is a.c. and may not be suitable for continuity
testing according to some local regulations.
■ The instrument will display the warning triangle and an excessive noise voltage indicator if the ground noise voltage
is above 40 V pk-pk (14 Vrms).
■ The instrument will display the warning triangle and a voltage over-range condition if the ground noise voltage is
above 100 V – no resistance reading is possible under these conditions.

Two-terminal resistance measurement (DET3TA)
2. Select the desired test voltage using the procedure in the section on General Operating Instructions.
Fig 15: instrument connection for measuring two-terminal resistance

5. The ground noise voltage will be indicated on the scale plate as shown in Figure 16.
Fig 16: Figure 16: ground noise voltage indication
6. If the ground noise voltage is less than 40 V pk-pk (14 V rms), press and hold the TEST button. [Testing will be
inhibited if the ground noise voltage exceeds 40 V pk-pk.]
7. The Rc LED will flash to indicate that the instrument is carrying out pre-measurement checks.
8. If the Rc LED does not illuminate following the pre-measurement checks, this indicates that the instrument fuse has
ruptured.
9. If the Rc LED illuminates solidly following the pre-measurement checks, this indicates that a two-terminal
measurement can be made.
10. The two-terminal resistance reading will be indicated on the scaleplate as shown in Figure 17.
Fig 17: example two-terminal resistance reading
Note:
■ The test voltage used to make the two-terminal resistance reading is a.c. and may not be suitable for continuity
testing according to some local regulations.
■ No resistance reading is possible if the ground noise voltage exceeds 100 V.

Three-terminal resistance measurement (DET3TC, DET3TD, DET4TD2, DET4TR2, DET4TC2 and
DET4TCR2)

Fig 18: instrument connection for measuring three-terminal resistance
6. Press and release the TEST button [by holding the TEST button, the resistance measurement will be continually
updated].
8. The three-terminal resistance reading will be displayed as shown in Figure 19.

Fig 19: example three-terminal resistance reading (DET4 display shown)
Note:
above 100 V – no resistance reading is possible under this condition.

Three-terminal resistance measurement (DET3TA)

Fig 20: instrument connection for measuring three-terminal resistance
5. The ground noise voltage will be indicated on the scaleplate as shown in Figure 21.
Fig 21: ground noise voltage indication
6. If the ground noise voltage is less than 40 Vpk-pk (14 Vrms), press and hold the Rp button. [Testing will be inhibited
if the ground noise voltage exceeds 40 Vpk-pk.]
7. The P stake resistance will be indicated on the scaleplate: the needle will move into the green region (Figure 22) if
the P stake resistance is within limits for an accurate measurement and into the red region (Figure 23) if the P stake
resistance exceeds the limits for an accurate measurement.
Fig 22: P stake resistance OK (green region)

Fig 23: P stake resistance not OK (red region)
8. If the P stake resistance is acceptable (needle in the green region of the scaleplate), release the Rp button.
9. Press and hold the TEST button.
10. The Rc LED will flash to indicate that the instrument is carrying out pre-measurement checks.
11. If the Rc LED does not illuminate following the pre-measurement checks, this indicates that the C stake resistance
exceeds the limits for an accurate measurement or that the instrument fuse has ruptured.
12. If the Rc LED illuminates solidly following the pre-measurement checks, this indicates that a three-terminal
measurement can be made.
13. The three-terminal resistance reading will be indicated on the scaleplate as shown in Figure 24.
Fig 24: example three-terminal resistance reading
Note:
■ No resistance reading is possible if the ground noise voltage exceeds 100 V.

DET3/4 Measurement Sequence
Figure 20: instrument connection for measuring three-terminal resistance
The pictures above show the DET3TD connected in the usual slope measurement, and the equivalent circuit. Re is the
resistance of the Earth electrode under test, and Rp and Rc are the Potential and Current spike resistances.
The instrument measures Re by passing a current between the X and C terminals via Rc (the current spike resistance) and
measures the voltage between the X and P terminals. As this is high impedance, there is no (or negligible) volt drop across
Rp and therefore this is the volt drop across Re. Knowing the current and voltage the resistance can be calculated.
Significant leakage or noise currents can be passing through Re so a 128Hz square wave current is used, and the phase
sensitive detector is used to measure the voltage giving excellent 50 and 60Hz ground noise voltage rejection.
When the potential or current spike resistances is greater than the value in the table below the reading will be shown with
0.1 Ω, 1 Ω or 0.1 k Ω resolution depending on the test selected.
Greatest Reading Resolution

0.01 Ω 0.1 Ω 1Ω 0.1 kΩ No Reading
3P 0 kΩ - 5 kΩ 5 kΩ - 50 kΩ 50 kΩ - 250 kΩ > 250 kΩ
25 V
4P 0 kΩ - 5 kΩ 5 kΩ - 50 kΩ > 50 kΩ
100 kΩ - 250
3P 0 kΩ - 5 kΩ 5 kΩ - 100 kΩ > 250 kΩ
50 V kΩ
4P 0 kΩ - 5 kΩ 5 kΩ - 100 kΩ > 100 kΩ
A more precise result can be obtained when this happens by reducing the spike resistance.

Three-terminal resistance measurement with lead null (DET4TD2, DET4TR2, DET4TC2 and
DET4TCR2)
In certain circumstances, the resistance of the test lead connecting to the electrode under test may itself form a significant
part of the measurement electrode resistance. This effect can be eliminated using the lead-null technique described in this
section.

Fig 25: instrument connection for measuring three-terminal resistance with lead-null
updated].
8. The three-terminal resistance with lead-null reading will be displayed as shown in Figure 26.
Fig 26: example three-terminal resistance with lead-null reading (DET4 display shown)
Note:

Four-terminal resistivity measurement (DET4TD, DET4TR2, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2)
The DET4TD2, DET4TR2, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 can be used to make soil resistivity measurements. The resistivity value
can be derived from the four-terminal resistance reading made by the instrument and the particular separation and depth of
the stakes.

Fig 27: instrument connection for measuring four-terminal resistance
updated].
8. The four-terminal resistance reading will be displayed as shown in Figure 28.

Fig 28: example four-terminal resistance reading (DET4 display shown)
9. A soil resistivity value can be derived from the resistance reading and the stake geometry.
Note:

Measurement of ground current (DET3TC, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2)
Before measuring ground current, please follow the procedure contained in the section on MCC CLAMP calibration.

Fig 29: instrument connection for measuring ground current
3. Close the MCC CLAMP around the conductor under test.
4. Set the rotary selector switch to the A position.
5. The ground current flowing in the conductor will be displayed as shown in Figure 30.
Fig 30: example ground current reading (DET4 display shown)
Note:
■ The instrument will display the warning triangle above 2 A – no ART testing is possible under this condition.
■ The instrument will display the warning triangle and an over-range condition above 20 A – no ART testing is
possible under this condition.

Three-terminal resistance measurement using ART (DET3TC, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2)
Before making a measurement using ART, please follow the procedure contained in the section on MCC CLAMP calibration.

Fig 31: instrument connection for measuring three-terminal resistance using ART
5. DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 only: Select the desired test frequency using the Hz button
updated].
7. The instrument will perform pre-measurement checks, the status of which will be indicated on the display.
8. The three-terminal resistance reading using ART will be displayed as shown in Figure 32.
Fig 32: example three-terminal resistance reading using ART (DET4 display shown)
9. Under certain circumstances, the instrument may display a noise warning as shown:
This means that interference has been detected which may impair the accuracy of the measurement. In particular, the
reading could be lower than the actual resistance. The resistance of the electrode or system must be verified by an
alternative method.
Note:
■ Ensure that the MCC CLAMP jaw mating surfaces are free of dust and contamination and that they contact
completely when the MCC CLAMP is closed.
■ Currents carried by conductors in close proximity to the MCC CLAMP may affect calibration and reduce the
accuracy of measurements made.
Three-terminal resistance measurement with lead-null using ART (DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2)
In certain circumstances, the resistance of the test leads connecting to the electrode under test may itself form a significant
part of the MCC
measurement electrode resistance. This effect can be eliminated using the lead-null technique described in this
section.
Before making a measurement using ART, please follow the procedure contained in the section on MCC CLAMP calibration.

Fig 33: instrument connection for measuring three-terminal resistance with lead-null using ART

updated].
8. The three-terminal resistance reading with lead-null using ART will be displayed as shown in Figure 34.
Fig 34: example three-terminal resistance reading with lead-null using ART (DET4 display shown)
This means that interference has been detected which may impair the accuracy of the measurement. In particular, the reading
could be lower than the actual resistance. The resistance of the electrode or system must be verified by an alternative method.

Note:
■ Ensure that the MCC CLAMP jaw mating surfaces are free of dust and contamination and that they contact
completely when the MCC CLAMP is closed.
■ Currents carried by conductors in close proximity to the MCC CLAMP may affect calibration and reduce the
Two-clamp stakeless measurement (DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2)
Before making a stakeless measurement, please follow the procedures contained in the sections on MCC CLAMP
calibration.

Fig 35: instrument connection for two-clamp stakeless measurement
3. Close the MCC CLAMP around the conductor under test. Ensure the arrow on the side of the jaw is pointing in the
same direction as the arrow on the MVC CLAMP.
4. Close the MVC CLAMP around the conductor under test. Ensure the arrow on the side of the jaw is pointing in the
same direction as the arrow on the MCC CLAMP.
5. Ensure a minimum separation of 100 mm between the MCC CLAMP and MVC CLAMP.
updated].

10. The stakeless resistance reading will be displayed as shown in Figure 36.
Fig 36: example resistance reading using two-clamp stakeless method
This means that interference has been detected which may impair the accuracy of the measurement. In particular, the
reading could be lower than the actual resistance. The resistance of the electrode or system must be verified by an
alternative method.
Note:
■ The instrument will display the warning triangle above 2 A – no “Stakeless” testing is possible under this condition.
■ The instrument will display the warning triangle and an over-range condition above 20 A – no “Stakeless” testing is
■ Ensure that the MVC CLAMP and MCC CLAMP jaw mating surfaces are free of dust and contamination and that
they contact completely when the MVC CLAMP and MCC CLAMP are closed.
■ Currents carried by conductors in close proximity to the MVC CLAMP and MCC CLAMP may affect calibration and
reduce the accuracy of measurements made.
■ If the MVC CLAMP opens at any time after the TEST button is pressed, the test will be aborted.

MCC CLAMP calibration (DET3TC, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2)
The MCC CLAMP should be calibrated once at each test site to take into account the effects of transportation, temperature
and humidity on the MCC CLAMP.
3. Ensure that the MCC CLAMP is not clamped around a conductor.
4. Press and hold the TEST button and switch instrument ON to the A setting using the selector switch.
5. Release the TEST button.

Fig 37: MCC CLAMP zero calibration
6. Press and release the TEST button until a “0” reading is obtained on the display.
7. Close the MCC CLAMP around the calibration lead, which connects the C1 and C2 terminals as shown in Figure 38.
[X and C terminals for DET3TC]
Fig 38: MCC CLAMP 100% calibration
8. Press and release the TEST button until a “100” reading is obtained on the display.
9. Switch the instrument OFF using the selector switch.
10. The instrument is now calibrated to the MCC CLAMP and the calibration stored in non-volatile memory.

OPERATION OF THE TWO-CLAMP CALIBRATION ADAPTOR
2. Connect the instrument as shown.
3. Close the MCC CLAMP around one loop of the two-clamp calibration adaptor.
4. Close the MVC CLAMP around the other loop of the two-clamp calibration adaptor.
5. Ensure a minimum separation of 100mm between the MCC CLAMP and MVC CLAMP.
updated].
9. The two-clamp resistance reading will be displayed and should match the value written on the two-clamp calibration
adaptor.
Note:
1. Ensure that the MCC CLAMP and MVC CLAMP jaw mating surfaces are free of dust and contamination and that
they contact completely when the units are closed.
2. Currents carried by conductors in close proximity to the MCC CLAMP may affect calibration and reduce the
OPERATION OF THE CALIBRATION ADAPTOR

2. Connect the instrument as shown.
3. Set the rotary selector switch to the 2P, 3P or 4P position.
updated].
6. The resistance reading will be displayed and should match the value written on the calibration adaptor.
PREVENTIVE INSTRUMENT MAINTENANCE
1. The DET series instruments require very little maintenance.
2. Test leads should be checked before use to ensure there is no damage.
3. Ensure batteries are removed if left unused for extended periods.
4. When necessary, the instrument can be cleaned with a damp cloth.
5. Do not use alcohol-based cleaners, as these may leave a residue.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION DET3Tx & DET4Tx
Only values with tolerance or limits are guaranteed data. Parameters without tolerances are for information only.
Ingress protection: IP54
C stake, P stake and Noise check: Automatic
Noise rejection: 40 V pk to pk (14 V rms)
2-wire, 3-wire, 4-wire test: Yes, no shorting links required
No disconnect testing (ART): Yes, with MCC CLAMP
Stakeless measurement: Yes, with MCC CLAMP and MVC CLAMP
Instrument output: Voltage:

±25 V or ±50 V at 128 Hz
(DET3TA, DET3TC, DET3TD, DET4TD2 and DET4TR2)
Voltage:
±25 V or ±50 V at 94 Hz, 105 Hz, 111 Hz and 128 Hz
(DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2)
Current:
4.5 mA or 0.45 mA
(DET3TA, DET3TC, DET3TD, DET4TD2 and DET4TR2)
Current:
4.5 mA or 0.45 mA and 0.045 mA (DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2)
Ground current range with clamp: 0.5 mA to 19.9 A
Ground current accuracy: 5% ±3 digits
Ground voltage range: 0 to 100 V AC
Ground voltage accuracy: 2% ±2 V
Resistance range: 0.01 Ω to 2 k Ω (DET3TA, DET3TC, DET3TD)

0.01 Ω to 20 k Ω (DET4TD2, DET4TR2, DET4TC2, DET4TCR2)
0.01 Ω to 200 k Ω (DET4TC2, DET4TCR2) - 2P and 3P only
ART:
0.01 Ω to 2000 Ω (DET3TC)
0.01 Ω to 200 kΩ (DET4TC2, DET4TCR2)
Stakeless:
0.01 Ω to 200 Ω (DET4TC2, DET4TCR2)
Resistance accuracy: 2P measurements: 2% ±3 digits

3P measurements: 2% ±3 digits
4P measurements: 2% ±3 digits
ART measurements: 5% ±3 digits
Stakeless measurements: 7% ±3 digits

Maximum probe resistance: DET3TD DET3TC DET4TD2 DET4TR2
Rp limit: 100 kΩ (5 0 V output voltage)
Rc limit: 100 kΩ (50 V output voltage)
Limits reduced to 50 kΩ for 25 V output voltage
Limits reduced to 5 kΩ for 0.01 Ω resolution
DET4TC2 DET4TCR2
Rp limit: 200 kΩ (50 V output voltage)
Rc limit: 200 kΩ (50 V output voltage)
Limits reduced to 100 kΩ for 25 V output voltage
Limits reduced to 5 kΩ for 0.01 resolution
Display: 3½ digit high contrast liquid crystal, backlit
Battery type: DET3TA, DET3TC, DET3TD, DET4TD2, DET4TC2

- 8 off AA (LR6) dry cells
DET4TCR2, DET4TR2
– 8 off AA (LR6) NiMH rechargeable cells
Operating temperature range: -15 °C to +55 °C / 5 °F to 131 °F
Storage temperature range: -40 °C to +70 °C / -40 °F to 158 °F
Safety Complies with the requirements of IEC61010-1 100V CAT IV

between terminal pairs.
EMC In accordance with IEC61326-1
Operational uncertainties
Refer to www.megger.com
Standards compliance Complies with the requirements of KEMA K85B

Complies with the following parts of EN61557, Electrical safety
in low voltage distribution systems up to 1000 V AC and
1500 V DC – Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring
of protective measures”.
Part 1 – General requirements
Part 5 – Resistance to earth
Dimensions: 203 mm x 148 mm x 78 mm / 8 in x 5.8 in x 3 in
Weight: 1 kg / 2.2 lb

MCC CLAMP SPECIFICATIONS
Measurement range: 1 mA to 1000 A Transformation ratio: 1000 : 1
Output signal: 1 mA / A (1 A @ 1000 A)
Accuracy 1mA to 100 mA : ≤3% of reading

0.1 A to 1 A : ≤2% of reading
1 A to 10 A : ≤1% of reading
10 A to 100 A : ≤0.5% of reading
Operating temperature -20 °C to +50 °C / -4 °F to 122 °F

0% to 85% RH at +35 °C / 95 °F
Storage temperature -20 °C to +70 °C / -4 °F to 158 °F
Jaw opening: 50 mm maximum (2.0 in)
Maximum conductor size: 50 mm (2.0 in)
Insulation: Double insulation
Voltage rating: CAT IV 600 V
Current rating: 1000 A for 20 minutes
Safety IEC61010-2-032
EMC IEC61326-1
Dimensions: 105 mm x 216 mm x 45 mm (4.1 in x 8.5 in x 1.8 in)
Weight: 0.5 kg approximately (1.2lb)
MVC CLAMP SPECIFICATIONS

Insulation: Double insulation
Voltage rating: CAT IV 600 V
Current rating: 1000 A for 20 minutes
Operating temperature -20 °C to +50 °C / -4 °F to 122 °F

0% to 85% RH at +35 °C / 95 °F
Storage temperature -20 °C to +70 °C / -4 °F to 158 °F
Jaw opening: 50 mm maximum (2.0 in)
Maximum conductor size: 50 mm / 2.0 in
Electrical safety IEC61010-2-032
EMC IEC61326-1
Weight: 0.5 kg approximately (1.2 lb)

CALIBRATION ADAPTOR
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION
Value: 25 Ω ± 0.1%
MECHANICAL SPECIFICATION
Operating temperature -10 °C to +50 °C / 14 °F to 122 °F
0% to 85% RH at +35 °C / 95 °F
Storage temperature -20 °C to +70 °C (-4 °F to 158 °F)
Dimensions: 60 mm x 55 mm x 25 mm (2.5 in x 2.25 in x 1 in)
TWO-CLAMP CALIBRATION ADAPTOR
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION
Value: 25 Ω ± 1%
MECHANICAL SPECIFICATION
Operating temperature -10 °C to +50 °C (14 °F to 122 °F)
0% to 85% RH at +35 °C / 95 °F
Storage temperature -20 °C to +70 °C (-4 °F to 158 °F)

REPAIR AND WARRANTY
The instrument contains static sensitive devices, and care must be taken in handling the printed circuit board. If an
instrument’s protection has been impaired it should not be used, but sent for repair by suitably trained and qualified
personnel. The protection is likely to be impaired if for example, it shows visible damage, fails to perform the intended
measurements, has been subjected to prolonged storage under unfavourable conditions, or has been subjected to severe
transport stresses.
NEW INSTRUMENTS ARE GUARANTEED FOR 1 YEAR FROM THE
DATE OF PURCHASE BY THE USER.
Note: Any unauthorized prior repair or adjustment will automatically invalidate the Warranty.
CALIBRATION, REPAIR AND SPARE PARTS

For service requirements for Megger Instruments contact:
Megger Limited Megger Valley Forge

Archcliffe Road 400 Opportunity Way
Dover Phoenixville
Kent PA 19460
OR
CT17 9EN U.S.A.
U.K. Tel: +1 610 676 8579
Tel: +44 (0) 1304 502 243 Fax: +1 610 676 8625
Fax: +44 (0) 1304 207 342
Megger operate fully traceable calibration and repair facilities, ensuring your instrument continues to provide the high
standard of performance and workmanship you expect. These facilities are complemented by a worldwide network of
approved repair and calibration companies, which offer excellent in-service care for your Megger products.
Returning your product to Megger - UK and USA service centres

1. When an instrument requires recalibration, or in the event of a repair being necessary, a Returns Authorisation (RA)
number must first be obtained from one of the addresses shown above. You will be asked to provide the following
information to enable the Service Department to prepare in advance for receipt of your instrument, and to provide
the best possible service to you.
■ Model, e.g. DET4TC2.
■ Serial number, to be found on the underside of the case or on the calibration certificate.
■ Reason for return, e.g. calibration required, or repair.
■ Details of the fault if the instrument is to be repaired.
2. Make a note of the RA number. A returns label can be emailed or faxed to you if you wish.
3. Pack the instrument carefully to prevent damage in transit.
4. Ensure the returns label is attached, or that the RA number is clearly marked on the outside of the package and on
any correspondence, before sending the instrument, freight paid, to Megger. Copies of the original purchase invoice
and packing note should be sent simultaneously by airmail to expedite clearance through customs. In the case of
instruments requiring repair outside the warranty period, an immediate quotation can be provided when obtaining
the RA number.
5. You may track the progress of your return on line at www.megger.com
Approved Service Centres

A list of Approved Service Centres may be obtained from the UK address above, or from Megger’s website at
www.megger.com

End of life disposal
WEEE
The crossed out wheeled bin placed on the Megger products is a reminder not to dispose of the product at the end of it’s
product life with general waste.
Megger is registered in the UK as a Producer of Electrical and Electronic Equipment.
The Registration No is WEE/HE0146QT
Batteries
The crossed out wheeled bin placed on the batteries is a reminder not to dispose of them with general waste at the end of
their life.
This product contains either six 1.5v alkaline AA batteries (DET3TD, DET3TC, DET4TD2, and DET4TC2) or six 1.2v NiMH
batteries (DET4TR2, DET4TCR2) located in the battery compartment on the rear of the instrument
Spent alkaline or NiMH AA batteries are classified as Portable Batteries and should be disposed of in the UK in accordance
with Local Authority requirements.
For disposal of batteries in other parts of the EU contact your local distributor. Megger is registered in the UK as a producer
of batteries. The registration number is BPRN00142
Declaration of Conformity
Hereby, Megger Instruments Limited declares that radio equipment manufactured by Megger Instruments Limited described
in this user guide is in compliance with Directive 2014/53/EU. Other equipment manufactured by Megger Instruments
Limited described in this user guide is in compliance with Directives 2014/30/EU and 2014/35/EU where they apply.
The full text of Megger Instruments EU declarations of conformity are available at the following internet address:
megger.com/eu-dofc.

49 www.megger.com
Local Sales office
Megger Limited
Archcliffe Road
Dover
Kent
CT17 9EN
ENGLAND
T. +44 (0)1 304 502101
F. +44 (0)1 304 207342
Manufacturing sites
Megger Limited Megger GmbH Megger Valley Forge
Archcliffe Road Weststraße 59 400 Opportunity Way
Dover 52074 Aachen Phoenixville,
Kent GERMANY PA 19460
CT17 9EN T. +49 (0) 241 91380 500 USA
ENGLAND E. [email protected] T. +1 610 676 8500
T. +44 (0)1 304 502101 F. +1 610 676 8610
F. +44 (0)1 304 207342
Megger USA - Dallas Megger AB Megger USA - Fort Collins

4545 West Davis Street Rinkebyvägen 19, Box 724, 4812 McMurry Avenue
Dallas TX 75237 SE-182 17 Danderyd Suite 100
USA SWEDEN Fort Collins CO 80525
T. 800 723 2861 (USA only) T. +46 08 510 195 00 USA
T. +1 214 333 3201 E. [email protected] T. +1 970 282 1200
F. +1 214 331 7399
E. [email protected]
This instrument is manufactured in the United Kingdom.
The company reserves the right to change the specification or design without prior notice.
Megger is a registered trademark.
The Bluetooth® word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG Inc., and is
used under licence.
DET3TA--DET3TC--DET3TD--DET4TD2--DET4TR2--DET4TC2--DET4TCR2_UG_en_V19 08 2023
© Megger Limited 2023www.megger.com

50 www.megger.com

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DET Series

EARTH GROUND ELECTRODE TESTERS

G LIVE EARTH SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 4

G BATTERY CHARGING (DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 ONLY) 5

PREPARATIONS FOR USE 8

GENERAL OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 9

PREVENTIVE INSTRUMENT MAINTENANCE 41

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION DET3Tx & DET4Tx 42

REPAIR AND WARRANTY 45

Symbols used on the instrument are:

t Equipment protected throughout by Double Insulation

c Equipment complies with current EU directives

Equipment complies with current UK legislation

Equipment complies with “C tick” requirements

Do not dispose of in normal waste stream

■ TWO-CLAMP CALIBRATION ADAPTOR

These instruments are designed and manufactured by:

3 DET Series www.megger.com

4 DET Series www.megger.com

G BATTERY CHARGING (DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 ONLY)

5 DET Series www.megger.com

■ The DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 provide a rechargeable battery power source.

6 DET Series www.megger.com

Each instrument kit comprises the following:

■ Batteries – 8x AA (LR6) alkaline (except DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2)

■ Batteries – 8x AA (LR6) 2000 mA hr NiMH (DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 only)

■ Calibration certificate (not DET3TA)

■ Tough polypropylene carrying-case

■ External AC/DC adaptor (DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 only)

7 DET Series www.megger.com

8 DET Series www.megger.com

Instrument output voltage selection

DET3TC, DET3TD, DET4TD2, DET4TR2, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2:

Auto power down

9 DET Series www.megger.com

10 DET Series www.megger.com

Potential test spike

Battery charge indicator

Test lead connections (at rear of instrument)

11 DET Series www.megger.com

Test lead connections

ART measurement indicator

Clamp current/ presence

Over/under Potential probe Current probe Ground noise voltage

Test lead connections (at rear of instrument)

12 DET Series www.megger.com

LCD display Test lead connections Resistance

Over/under Potential probe Current probe Ground noise voltage

Test lead connections (at rear of instrument)

13 DET Series www.megger.com

Test lead connections

Test button 25 V/50 V output Voltage measurement output settings

Over/under Potential probe Current probe Ground noise voltage indicator

Test lead connections (at rear of instrument)

14 DET Series www.megger.com

Test lead connections

Over/under Potential probe Current probe Ground noise voltage indicator

Test lead connections (at rear of instrument)

15 DET Series www.megger.com