Set 2

THE CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG
Department of Mathematics
MATH1020 General Mathematics
Extra Problem Set 2
1. The function f (x) = |x| is not one-to-one. Find a suitable restriction on the domain
of f so that the new function that results is one-to-one. Then find the inverse of f.
2. If a rock falls from a height of 100 meters on Earth, the height H (in meters) after
t seconds is approximately
H(t) = 100 − 4.9t2 .
Answer the following questions:
(a) In general, quadratic functions are not one-to-one. However, the function H(t)
is one-to-one. Why?
(b) Find the inverse of H and verify your result.
(c) How long will it take a rock to fall 80 meters?
3. Graph each function. Based on the graph, state the domain and the range and find
any intercepts.
(a) (
e−x if x < 0;
f (x) =
ex if x ≥ 0.
(b) (
−ex if x < 0;
f (x) =
−e−x if x ≥ 0.
4. The relative humidity is the ratio (expressed as a percent) of the amount of water
vapour in the air to the maximum amount that it can hold at a specific temperature.
The relative humidity, R, is found using the following formula:
R = 10( T +459.4 − D+459.4 +2)

4221 4221
where T is the air temperature (in ◦ F ) and D is the dew point temperature (in ◦ F )
.
(a) Determine the relative humidity if the air temperature is 50◦ Fahrenheit and
the dew point temperature is 41◦ Fahrenheit.
(b) Determine the relative humidity if the air temperature is 68◦ Fahrenheit and
the dew point temperature is 59◦ Fahrenheit.
(c) What is the relative humidity if the air temperature and the dew point tem-
perature are the same?
2
5. The hyperbolic sine function, designed by sinh x, is defined as

1 x
sinh x = e − e−x ,
2
while the hyperbolic cosine function, designed by cosh x, is defined as
1 x
cosh x = e + e−x ,
2
(a) Show that f (x) = sinh x is an odd function.

(b) Show that f (x) = cosh x is an even function.
1
6. If f (x) = ax , show that f (−x) = .
f (x)
7. If f (x) = ax , show that f (αx) = [f (x)]α , where α ∈ R.
8. Graph each function. Based on the graph, state the domain and the range and find
any intercepts.
(a) (
ln (−x) if x < 0;
f (x) =
ln (x) if x > 0.
(b) (
− ln (x) if 0 < x < 1;
f (x) =
ln (x) if x ≥ 0.
9. Write each expression as a sum and/or difference of logarithms. Express powers as

factors.
√
(a) ln x2 1 − x , 0 < x < 1;

x(x + 2)
(b) log , x > 0;
(x + 3)2
2 1/3
x −x−2
(c) ln , x > 2;
(x + 4)2
√ 1/3
5x 1 + 3x
(d) ln , x > 4.
(x − 4)3
10. Write each expression as a single logarithm:
(a) log4 (x2 − 1) − 5 log4 (x + 1);

x x+1
(b) ln + ln − ln(x2 − 1);
x−1 x
√

4
(c) 8 log2 3x − 2 − log2 + log2 4.
x
3
11. Express y as a function of x. The constant C is a positive number.
(a) ln(y − 3) = −4x + ln C.

1 1
(b) 3 ln y = ln(2x + 1) − ln(x + 4) + ln C.
2 3
12. Find the value of log2 3 · log3 4 · · · logn (n + 1) · logn+1 2.
√ √
13. Show that loga x + x2 − 1 + loga x − x2 − 1 = 0.
14. Show that ln (1 + e2x ) = 2x + ln (1 + e2x ) .
15. Solve each exponential equation. Express irrational solutions in exact form and as
a decimal rounded to 3 decimal places. Verify your results using a graphing utility.
(a) 32x + 3x+1 − 4 = 0;

(b) 25x − 8 · 5x = −16;
(c) 4x − 10 · 4−x = 3.
16. Let f (x) = log2 (x + 3) and g(x) = log2 (3x + 1).
(a) Solve f (x) = 3. What point is on the graph of f ?

(b) Solve g(x) = 4. What point is on the graph of g?
(c) Solve f (x) = g(x). Do the graphs of f and g intersect? Is so, where?
(d) Solve (f + g)(x) = 7.
(e) Solve (f − g)(x) = 2.
17. Suppose that f (x) = log2 (x − 2) + 1.
(a) Graph f.
(b) What is f (6)? What point is on the graph of f ?
(c) Solve f (x) = 4. What point is on the graph of f ?
(d) Based on the graph drawn in part (a), solve f (x) > 0.
(e) Find f −1 (x). Graph f −1 on the same Cartesian plane as f.
4
18. The logistic growth model

0.8
P (t) =
1 + 1.67e−0.16t
represents the proportion of new cars with a global positioning system (GPS). Let
t = 0 represent 2006, t = 1 represent 2007, and so on.
(a) What proportion of new cars in 2006 had a GPS?

(b) Determine the maximum proportion of new cars that have a GPS.
(c) Using a graphing utility, graph P = P (t).
(d) When will 75% of new cars have a GPS.

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THE CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG

Answer the following questions:

R = 10( T +459.4 − D+459.4 +2)

5. The hyperbolic sine function, designed by sinh x, is defined as

(a) Show that f (x) = sinh x is an odd function.

9. Write each expression as a sum and/or difference of logarithms. Express powers as

(a) log4 (x2 − 1) − 5 log4 (x + 1);

11. Express y as a function of x. The constant C is a positive number.

(a) ln(y − 3) = −4x + ln C.

14. Show that ln (1 + e2x ) = 2x + ln (1 + e2x ) .

(a) 32x + 3x+1 − 4 = 0;

16. Let f (x) = log2 (x + 3) and g(x) = log2 (3x + 1).

(a) Solve f (x) = 3. What point is on the graph of f ?

17. Suppose that f (x) = log2 (x − 2) + 1.

18. The logistic growth model

(a) What proportion of new cars in 2006 had a GPS?

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