TO157E02 - Hitachi EX200-5, EX200LC-5, EX220-5, EX220LC-5, EX230LC-5, EX270-5, EX270LC-5 Excavator Technical Manual (Operational Principle)
TO157E02 - Hitachi EX200-5, EX200LC-5, EX220-5, EX220LC-5, EX230LC-5, EX270-5, EX270LC-5 Excavator Technical Manual (Operational Principle)
TO157E02 - Hitachi EX200-5, EX200LC-5, EX220-5, EX220LC-5, EX230LC-5, EX270-5, EX270LC-5 Excavator Technical Manual (Operational Principle)
TO THE READER
This manual is written for an experienced technician If you have any questions or comments, at if you
to provide technical information needed to maintain found any errors regarding the contents of this
and repair this machine. manual, please contact using Service Manual
Revision Request Form at the end of this man-
Be sure to thoroughly read this manual for correct ual.
product information and service procedures. (Note: Do not tear off the form. Copy it for us-
age.):
Publications Marketing & Product Support
Hitachi Construction Machinery Co. Ltd.
TEL: 81-298-32-7173
FAX: 81-298-31-1162
ADDITIONAL REFERENCES
Please refer to the materials listed below in addition Operation Manual of the Engine
to this manual. Parts Catalog of the Engine
Hitachi Training Material
The Operator’s Manual
The Parts Catalog
MANUAL COMPOSITION
This manual consists of three portions: the Techni- Information included in the Technical Manual
cal Manual (Operational Principle), the Technical (Troubleshooting):
Manual (Troubleshooting) and the Workshop Man- technical information needed for operational per-
ual. formance tests, and troubleshooting procedures.
Information included in the Technical Manual Information included in the Workshop Manual:
(Operational Principle): technical information needed for maintenance
technical information needed for redeliver and and repair of the machine, tools and devices
delivery, operation and activation of all devices needed for maintenance and repair, maintenance
and systems. standards, and removal/installation and assem-
ble/disassemble procedures.
PAGE NUMBER
Example : T 1-3-5
IN-01
INTRODUCTION
SAFETY ALERT SYMBOL AND HEADLINE
NOTATIONS
UNITS USED
2
SI Units (International System of Units) are used in Example : 24.5 MPa (250 kgf/cm , 3560 psi)
this manual.
MKS system units and English units are also A table for conversion from SI units to other system
indicated in parenthheses just behind SI units. units is shown below for reference purposees.
IN-02
VALVE UNIT
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
OUTLINE
The control valve controls oil pressure, flow rate, and In the 4-spool side section, the Right Travel, Bucket,
flow direction in the hydraulic circuit. A 4-spool side Boom 1, and Arm 2 spool sections are arranged in
section and a 5-spool side section are bolted together. that order as viewed from the machine front.
The control valve is a pilot-pressure-operated type In the 5-spool side section, the Left Travel, Auxiliary,
which mainly consists of the main relief valve, pump Boom 2, Arm 1, and Swing spool sections are
control valves, flow combiner valve, and main spools. arranged in that order as viewed from the machine
front.
Right Travel
Boom 1
Left Travel
Arm 2
Auxiliary
Boom 2
Arm 1
Swing
Machine Rear
T157-01-01-003
T3-3-1
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
Control Valve Layout
Right Travel Motor
Left Travel Motor
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11
12
13
41
14
40 15
16
39
38
37 Bucket Cylinder
36
35 Boom Cylinder
34 17
Arm Cylinder 18
33
32
19
31
20
30
21
29
22
28 27 26 25 24 23
Swing Motor
T157-07-02-005
1 - Hydraulic Timer 12 - Bucket Flow Control Valve 22 - Check Valve (Arm Roll-In 32 - Check Valve (Arm
(Poppet Valve) Flow Combining) Regenerative Valve Circuit)
2 - Travel Flow Control Valve 13 - Load Check Valve (Boom 1 23 - Pump Control Valve 33 - Overload Relief Valve
Parallel Circuit) (4-Spool Side) (Arm)
3 - Load Check Valve 14 - Load Check Valve (Boom 1 24 - Check Valve 34 - Overload Relief Valve
(Travel Parallel Circuit) Tandem Circuit) (Arm)
4 - Check Valve 15 - Overload Relief Valve 25 - Restriction (4-Spool 35 - Arm Anti-Drift Valve
(Main Relief Circuit) (Bucket) Side Parallel Circuit) (Check Valve)
5 - Main Relief Valve 16 - Overload Relief Valve 26 - Load Check Valve 36 - Arm Anti-Drift Valve
(Bucket) (Arm Parallel Circuit) (Switch Valve)
6 - Check Valve 17 - Overload Relief Valve 27 - Restriction 37 - Load Check Valve
(Main Relief Circuit) (Boom) (Arm 1 Parallel Circuit) (Boom 2 Parallel Circuit)
7 - Check Valve (Flow 18 - Overload Relief Valve 28 - Load Check Valve (Swing) 38 - Travel/Boom Lower
Combiner Valve Circuit) (Boom) Selector Valve
8 - Flow Combiner Valve 19 - Boom Anti-Drift Valve 29 - Load Check Valve 39 - Check Valve (Aux.)
(Check Valve) (Arm Tandem Circuit)
9 - Load Check Valve (Bucket) 20 - Boom Anti-Drift Valve 30 - Check Valve (Arm Roll-Out 40 - Load Check Valve
(Switch Valve) Flow Combining) (Travel Tandem Circuit)
10 - Bucket Flow Control Valve 21 - Boom Regenerative Valve 31 - Arm Regenerative Valve 41 - Pump Control Valve
(Switch Valve A) (5-Spool Side)
11 - Bucket Flow Control Valve
(Switch Valve B)
T3-3-2
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
A
H
G B Front
C
D 20 15
E
F
17
5
5
34 Front
6
6
41 23
2 24, 22 4
39 37
37 11 7
26, 29 12, 9
28 10
T157-01-01-003 T157-01-01-042
Section A Section B
5
L. Travel R. Travel
2 3
40 10
41 8
W157-02-05-002
Auxiliary Bucket 20
34 21
15
19
39 12 11
37 13
14
9
18
16 W157-02-05-004
T157-02-03-017
T3-3-3
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
Control Valve Layout
Right Travel Motor
Left Travel Motor
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11
12
13
41
14
40 15
16
39
38
37 Bucket Cylinder
36
35 Boom Cylinder
34 17
Arm Cylinder 18
33
32
19
31
20
30
21
29
22
28 27 26 25 24 23
Swing Motor
T157-07-02-005
1 - Hydraulic Timer 12 - Bucket Flow Control Valve 22 - Check Valve (Arm Roll-In 32 - Check Valve (Arm
(Poppet Valve) Flow Combining) Regenerative Valve Circuit)
2 - Travel Flow Control Valve 13 - Load Check Valve (Boom 1 23 - Pump Control Valve 33 - Overload Relief Valve
Parallel Circuit) (4-Spool Side) (Arm)
3 - Load Check Valve 14 - Load Check Valve (Boom 1 24 - Check Valve 34 - Overload Relief Valve
(Travel Parallel Circuit) Tandem Circuit) (Arm)
4 - Check Valve 15 - Overload Relief Valve 25 - Restriction (4-Spool 35 - Arm Anti-Drift Valve
(Main Relief Circuit) (Bucket) Side Parallel Circuit) (Check Valve)
5 - Main Relief Valve 16 - Overload Relief Valve 26 - Load Check Valve 36 - Arm Anti-Drift Valve
(Bucket) (Arm Parallel Circuit) (Switch Valve)
6 - Check Valve 17 - Overload Relief Valve 27 - Restriction 37 - Load Check Valve
(Main Relief Circuit) (Boom) (Arm 1 Parallel Circuit) (Boom 2 Parallel Circuit)
7 - Check Valve (Flow 18 - Overload Relief Valve 28 - Load Check Valve (Swing) 38 - Travel/Boom Lower
Combiner Valve Circuit) (Boom) Selector Valve
8 - Flow Combiner Valve 19 - Boom Anti-Drift Valve 29 - Load Check Valve 39 - Load Check Valve (Aux.)
(Check Valve) (Arm Tandem Circuit)
9 - Load Check Valve (Bucket) 20 - Boom Anti-Drift Valve 30 - Check Valve (Arm Roll-Out 40 - Load Check Valve
(Switch Valve) Flow Combining) (Travel Tandem Circuit)
10 - Bucket Flow Control Valve 21 - Boom Regenerative Valve 31 - Arm Regenerative Valve 41 - Pump Control Valve
(Switch Valve A) (5-Spool Side)
11 - Bucket Flow Control Valve
(Switch Valve B)
T3-3-4
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
Section E (2) Arm 1 Arm 2
31
32
Section E (1)
Section F
Arm 1 Arm 2
Swing
36 T157-01-01-006
35 17
24 28
26
25
27
23
29 22
33
30
T157-02-03-016 W157-02-05-007
Section G Section H
6
7
W157-02-05-008
T157-01-01-013
T3-3-5
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT
Travel/Boom Lower
Selector Valve
Boom
Arm
Overload Relief
Valves
Overload Relief
Valves
Pump Control Valve
(4-Spool Side)
Swing Parallel Passages
Main Circuits
Neutral Passage
4-Spool Side
4-Spool Side
T157-02-05-014
T3-3-6
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
Pilot Valve Guided Pilot Pressure Circuit
Pilot pressure via the pilot valve exerts on the control • When the boom lower lever is operated, the pilot
valve spools, shifting them. At the same time, it also pressure exerts on the boom anti-drift valve
exerts on switch valves. (Arm anti-drift valve, Boom (switch valve), shifting it.
anti-drift valve, Bucket flow control valve)
Besides shifting of control valve spools (when control In addition, an air bleed circuit is provided in the top
levers are operated), the pilot valve guided pilot part of the control valve, automatically bleeding air
pressure functions as follows: trapped in the circuit.
• When the arm roll-in lever is operated, the pilot
pressure via the pilot valve exerts on the bucket Solenoid Valve Guided Pilot Pressure Circuit
flow control valve and the anti-drift valve (switch The pilot pressure guided via the solenoid valve unit
valve), shifting them. (SG and SC) shifts the main relief valve and the arm
• When the boom raise lever is operated, the pilot regenerative valve. (Refer to the Control System
pressure exerts on the bucket flow control valve Group in the SYSTEM Section.)
as the valve shift pressure.
From the Solenoid Valve Unit (SG) Main Relief Valve Bucket Flow Control Valve
‡ ‡ ‡J ‡
‡
‡
‡B ‡ ‡L ‡
‡D
‡
Am Anti-Drift Valve
Am Regenerative
Valve
‡F ‡
Boom Anti-Drift Valve
From the Solenoid Valve ‡ ‡
Unit (SG)
‡H ‡I
Air Bleed Circuit
Pump 2 Pump 1
T157-02-05-015
1- Left Travel Forward 5- Boom Raise 9 - Swing Left 12 - Right Travel Forward
2- Left Travel Reverse 6- Boom Lower 10 - Swing Right 13 - Bucket Roll-In
3- Auxiliary 7- Arm Roll-Out 11 - Right Travel Reverse 14 - Bucket Roll-Out
4- Auxiliary 8- Arm Roll-In
T3-3-7
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
FLOW COMBINER VALVE
When a control lever other than the travel levers is As a result, the pressure oil from the pump 1 is routed
operated, the signal movement of the control valve to both right and left travel spools, securing straight
spool restricts the signal pilot pressure in the front att. travel in travel combined operations.
signal pilot pressure circuit, increasing the pilot
pressure to shift the flow combiner valve.
Pilot Pump
Arm Cylinder
T3-3-8
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
(Blank)
T3-3-9
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
PUMP CONTROL VALVE
A pump control valve is provided on the most In addition, the pump control pressure sensor detects
downstream part of the neutral passage in each of the the pump control pressure, sending signals to MC for
4-spool and 5-spool side sections. travel motor displacement angle control. (Refer to the
The pump control pressure altered by the pump Control System Group in the SYSTEM Section.)
control valve exerts on the regulator, changing the
pump displacement angle. (Refer to the Pump Device
group in this section.)
T157-02-05-016
T3-3-10
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
Operation with Control Valve Spool Activated
When a control valve spool is shifted, oil flowing This increased pump control pressure exerts on the
through the neutral passage and through the pump regulator and, in return, the regulator increases the
control valve decreases. pump displacement angle, increasing the pump
As oil flowing through the pump control valve delivery oil flow.
decreases, the pump control valve spool shifts to the
left, increasing the relief valve set pressure, thus
raising the pump control pressure.
Pressure
Increase
Pump Control Valve
To the Regulator
Neutral Passage
To the Regulator
Neutral Passage
T3-3-11
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
MAIN RELIEF VALVE
Valve Operation
The main relief valve regulates main circuit pressure. When the pilot pressure is not guided to the main
The set pressure of the main relief valve is shifted by relief valve via the solenoid valve unit (SG):
the pilot pressure guided via the solenoid valve unit When oil pressure at port Hp matches the spring set
(SG). (Refer to the Control System Group in the force, the pilot poppet opens. Oil at port Hp flows to
SYSTEM Section.) port Lp through passage A.
As the pilot poppet opens, oil pressure in spring
chamber A decreases, opening the main poppet,
thus directly routing pressure oil at port Hp to port Lp.
Lp
Hp Port SG
Lp
Spring A Passage A
T157-02-05-003
Lp
Hp Port SG
Lp
Spring B
T157-02-05-004
T3-3-12
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
OVERLOAD RELIEF VALVE
(With Make-Up Function) 1 2 3 4 5
T107-02-05-019
T3-3-13
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
ARM REGENERATIVE VALVE
The arm regenerative valve is shifted by the pilot Then, the return oil is combined with the pump delivery
pressure guided via the solenoid valve unit (SC). oil to be supplied to the cylinder bottom side,
When the arm regenerative valve is shifted, the return increasing the arm roll-in speed, improving the arm
oil line from the cylinder rod side is closed. controllability in general, and preventing arm
movement hesitation from occurring in arm roll-in
operations. (Refer to the Control System Group in
SYSTEM Section.)
Arm Cylinder
T157-02-05-019
T3-3-14
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
Arm 1
From the Solenoid Valve
Unit (SC)
Pump 2 Pump 1
T157-02-05-017
T3-3-15
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
BOOM ANTI-DRIFT VALVE, ARM ANTI-
DRIFT VALVE
An anti-drift valve is provided on the bottom side of the When the arm roll-in or boom lower is operated, the
boom cylinder and on the rod side of the arm cylinder pilot pressure via the pilot valve shifts the switch valve
so as to reduce cylinder drift. of the anti-drift valve. The oil pressure exerted on the
When the control valve spool is in neutral, the switch check valve is returned to the hydraulic oil tank via the
valve part of the anti-drift valve is not shifted and the restriction in the switch valve.
pressure in the boom cylinder bottom side (the arm kThe check valve is designed to close by a signal
cylinder rod side) exerts on the check valve of the anti- pressure, which arises when the switch valve is not
drift valve via the switch valve, closing the check shifted, and to open when the signal pressure is not
valve. exerted (when the switch valve is shifted.) l
Boom Cylinders
Boom Lower
Pilot Pressure Boom 1
The bucket flow control valve restricts the bucket Thus, the back pressure exerting on the poppet valve
circuit in the combined operations of the bucket, arm rises, applying a force to close the poppet valve, thus
roll-in, and boom raise, so as to raise the boom restricting oil flow through the poppet valve. For this
sufficiently. reason, the oil flow to the bucket is restricted,
When the arm is rolled in, the arm roll-in pilot pressure supplying an oil flow to the higher-load-applied boom
shifts switch valve (A) of the bucket flow control valve. raise side.
If the boom is raised at the same time, the boom raise
pilot pressure is routed through the switch valve (A),
shifting the switch valve (B) of the bucket flow control
valve.
Arm Roll-In
Pilot Pressure
Poppet Valve
Switch Valve A
T157-02-05-008
T3-3-16
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
Am Anti-Drift Valve
Pump 2 Pump 1
T157-02-05-015
T3-3-17
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
TRAVEL FLOW CONTROL VALVE
When the front attachment is operated while traveling, As the parallel circuit is gradually restricted, shock
the front att. signal pilot pressure exerts on the travel loads, occurring due to the front attachment operation,
flow control valve, which is located in the parallel are reduced.
circuit, after flowing through the hydraulic timer, so as
to gradually restrict the parallel circuit.
Hydraulic Timer
T157-02-05-009
The boom lower operation is actuated by the oil flow To prevent this from occurring, in travel-combined
via the boom 1 section. However, in travel-combined boom lower operations, the boom 2 spool is shifted
operations, the oil flow from pump 1 does not flow in to route the oil flow from pump 2 to the boom lower
the downstream boom 1 spool as it goes to the section so that the boom lowers to sufficiently
upstream travel spool. If the boom is positioned up in perform the machine jack-up operation.
the air at the moment, the boom would be lowered by When the travel spool is shifted, the travel signal pilot
its own weight. However, if the travel-combined pressure shifts the travel/boom lower selector valve,
boom lower operation is performed with the base allowing the boom lower pilot pressure to exert on
machine raised off the ground, the boom does not the boom 2 spool. Thus, the boom lower operation is
lower. sufficiently performed in travel-combined operations.
Boom 2
Boom 1
Travel/Boom Lower
Selector Valve
Pump 2
T157-02-05-010
T3-3-18
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
Hydraulic Timer
Travel Flow
Control Valve Signal Pilot Pressure
Circuit
Bucket
Travel/Boom Lower
Selector Valve
Boom
Parallel Passages
Pilot Pump
Pump 2 Pump 1
T157-02-05-014
T3-3-19
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
BOOM REGENERATIVE VALVE
In boom lower operations, the return oil from the By this boom regenerative valve operation, the boom
cylinder bottom side is combined with the oil flow lower operation is improved and cavitation is
from the pump, supplying an additional oil flow to the prevented from occurring.
cylinder rod side, via the check valve in the boom
spool.
T157-02-05-012
T3-3-20