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CHAPTER 1
OVERVIEW OF MANAGEMENT
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
OBJECTIVES

Part 1: discuss basic concepts related to information and information systems

in organizations.
¡ 1.1. Topic: Overview of Management Information System
¡ 1.2. Gramma: Review verb tenses
¡ 1.3. Reading techniques: Scanning, Skimming
¡ 1.4. Speaking skill: Exchange information
¡ 1.5. Writing skill: Write descriptive paragraph
1.1. OVERVIEW OF MANAGEMENT
INFORMATION SYSTEM
COMPUTER BASED INFORMATION SYSTEM

¡ A CBIS is an organized integration of hardware and software technologies

and human elements designed to produce timely, integrated, accurate and
useful information for decision making purposes.
 COMPONENTS OF CBIS

CPU, Memory, input, output

Hardwa devices
re
Strategies, policies Procedu Softwar System and
and rules for using res e application software
information systems Informa
tion
System Organized
Data aggregation of data
who use, manage, operate People base
and maintain the systems. Telecom and information
unicatio
n
network
Telecommunications link
computer systems into
effective networks
COMPONENTS OF CBIS
HARDWARE RESOURCES
TYPES OF COMPUTERS
TYPES OF COMPUTERS
MICROCOMPUTER
MINICOMPUTER

Medium sized computer

Characteristics:
n Bigger size than PCs
n Expensive than PCs
n Multi-User
n Difficult to use
n More computing power than PCs
n Used by medium sized business organizations, colleges, libraries and
banks.
MINICOMPUTER

Uses of Minicomputer
n Control of Automated Teller Machine (ATMs)
n Payroll
n Hospital patients registration
n Inventory Control for supermarket
n Insurance claims processing
n Small bank accounting and customer details tracking
MAINFRAME

n Known as enterprise servers

n Occupies entire rooms or floors
n Used for centralized computing
n Serve distributed users and small servers in a computing network
n Cost millions of dollar
n e.g. IBM3091, ICL39, etc
MAINFRAME

Characteristics:
n Bigger in size than minicomputers
n Very expensive
n Support a few hundred users simultaneously (Multi-Users)
n Difficult to use
n More computing power than minicomputers
n Have to be kept in a special air-conditioned room
n Used in big business organizations and government departments
MAINFRAME

Areas where mainframes are used

n Airline reservation
n Big banks with hundreds of branches located all over the world
n Big universities with thousands of enrollment
n Natural gas and oil exploration companies
n Space Vehicle control
n Weather forecasting
n Animated Cartoon
n Some mainframes are designed to be extremely fast and called super
computers. It is used for space launching, monitoring and controlling.
SUPERCOMPUTER

n Fastest and expensive Năm Siêu máy tính Nước

n Used by applications for 2018 IBM Summit Oak Ridge, U.S.
molecular chemistry, nuclear research, 2016 Sunway TaihuLight Wuxi, China
weather reports, and advanced physics 2013 NUDT Tianhe-2 Guangzhou, China
n Consists of several computers 2012 Cray Titan Oak Ridge, U.S.
that work in parallel as a single system 2012 IBM Sequoia Livermore, U.S.
Fujitsu K
2011 Kobe, Japan
computer
2010 Tianhe-IA Tianjin, China
2009 Cray Jaguar Oak Ridge, U.S.

2008 IBM Roadrunner Los Alamos, U.S.

SUPERCOMPUTER

Summit, supercomputers
at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory is now ranked
the #1 fastest computers.
It is helping with
supernovas, pioneer new
materials and explore
cancer, genetics and the
environment
SUPER COMPUTER

Facebook’s
Massive
Arctic Server
COMPUTER HARDWARE
VIDEO: HOW COMPUTER WORKS?

1. What is Erica’s position at Amazon?

2. What can Erica bring to work everyday that makes her happy?
3. What team does Jerome belong to?
4. Give some examples of hardware from the video
5. Software is all computer programs or … running on the machine
6. … is the master chip that controls all the other parts of the computer
7. … is the most basic form of software and it controls all the hardware of a
computer.
8. … let you type in commands in something that looks a lot like English.
9. The … is a program with special abilities that let it control the other software on
the computer.
10. The only thing that makes the computer smart, or useful, is …
VIDEO: HOW COMPUTER WORKS

21
COMPUTER COMPONENTS
CPU
CU

- This part of the of the CPU is the one that is in charge of all the operations
being carried out.

- It is responsible to direct the system to execute instructions.

- It helps in communication between the memory and the arithmetic logical

unit.

- It also aids in the loading of data and instructions residing in the secondary
memory to the main memory as required.
ALU

- The ALU is responsible for performing all logical and arithmetic operations.

- Some of the arithmetic operations are as follows: addition, subtraction,

multiplication and division.

- Some of the logical operations are as follows: comparison between

numbers, letter and or special characters.

- The ALU is also responsible for the following conditions: Equal-to conditions,
Less-than condition and greater than condition.
MEMORY
MEMORY
MEMORY
MEMORY
MEMORY
MEMORY
MEMORY
MEMORY
MEMORY
OTHER COMPUTER’S SPECIFICATION
¡ 1. Type
Ø Laptop vs Desktop vs All in one
OTHER COMPUTER’S SPECIFICATION
¡ 2. Speed of CPU
Ø Speed: GHz
Ø The first computers processors (CPU's) operated in kHz.
For example, the first processor, the Intel 4004 operated
at 740 kHz. Later processors operated in MHz, for
example, the Intel Pentium processor was available in
speeds of 60 MHz to 300 MHz. Today's processors
operate in the GHz range.
Ø The first 1 GHz processors for consumer computers were
released in March 2000 by AMD and Intel.
OTHER COMPUTER’S SPECIFICATION
¡ 3. Numbers of Core:
¡ Intel (Pentium, i3, i5, i7) and AMD (Ryzen or R3, R5, R7)
¡ Dual Core, Quad Core
¡ Size of cache
OTHER COMPUTER’S SPECIFICATION
OTHER COMPUTER’S SPECIFICATION
¡ 4. New technology
à Turbo boost and Hyper Threading
 OTHER COMPUTER’S SPECIFICATION

¡ 5. Graphic: GPU – Graphic Processing Unit & Video memory

¡ Integrated graphic: share RAM with CPU (core Intel i)
¡ Dedicated: separated, increase resolution
PERIPHERALS
COMPUTER SOFTWARE
SOFTWARE INVESTMENT GLOBALLY

Source Statista.com
SOFTWARE CLASSIFICATIONS

Software

System Application
Software Software
SYSTEM SOFTWARE

¡ A system software aids the user and the hardware to function and interact
with each other. Basically, it is a software to manage computer hardware
behavior so as to provide basic functionalities that are required by the user.
In simple words, we can say that system software is an intermediator or a
middle layer between the user and the hardware. These computer software
sanction a platform or environment for the other software to work in.
¡ When you first turn on the computer, it is the system software that gets
initialized and gets loaded in the memory of the system. The system
software runs in the background and is not used by the end-users. This is
the reason why system software is also known as ‘low-level software’.
SYSTEM SOFTWARE

¡ OS
¡ Utilities
¡ Program Language Translator
APPLICATION SOFTWARE

¡ Application software is also known as end-user programs or productivity

programs that help the user in completing tasks such as doing online
research, jotting down notes, setting an alarm, designing graphics, keeping
an account log, doing calculations or even playing games. They lie above
the system software. Unlike system software, they are used by the end-
user and are specific in their functionality or tasks and do the job that they
are designed to do.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE

Software Suites
General
purpose
Collaboration and
software communication
Application software
Software
Commercial
Specific software
purpose
software Bespoke
software
OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE
OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE
EXERCISE

kahoot.it/
READING TECHNIQUES
 3. READING: COMPUTER SPECS

Questions:
1. What is the memory size of this PC?
2. What size is the monitor?
3. How fast is the processor?
4. What is the capacity of the hard drive?
5. Which operating system does it use?
6. What securities features does the computer have?
7. How long does the guarantee last?
3. READING: COMPUTER SPECS
HP ENVY 13” Thin Laptop
CUTTING-EDGE SECURITY: State-of-the-art security features include
integrated fingerprint reader
DISTINCTIVE DESIGN: High-quality, durable, all-metal case built to last,
with premium design features including a brilliant backlit keyboard
SUPER FAST PROCESSOR: 8th Generation Intel(R) CoreTM i7-8565U,
Dual Core, 1.8GHZ UP TO 4.6GHZ
MEMORY AND HARD DRIVE: 16 GB SDRAM (not upgradable), 512 GB
Solid State Drive
BATTERY LIFE: Up to 12 hours and 45 minutes (mixed usage), up to 9
hours and 45 minutes (video playback), up to 5 hours and 45 minutes
(wireless streaming)
WEIGHT (unpackaged): 2.82 pounds
WARRANTY: 1-year limited hardware warranty with 24-hour, 7 days a week
web support
OS : Windows 10 Home
1.4. SPEAKING
GRAPHS, CHARTS & DIAGRAMS

¡ Bar graphs are used to show relationships between different data series
that are independent of each other.
¡ Line graphs represent how data has changed over time. This type of
charts is especially useful when you want to demonstrate trends or
numbers that are connected.
¡ Pie charts are designed to visualize how a whole is divided into various
parts.
¡ Diagram is a plan, drawing, or outline created to illustrate how separate
parts work and overlap at the connecting points.
GRAPHS, CHARTS & DIAGRAMS
BEGIN A DESCRIPTION

¡ Let me show you this bar graph…

¡ Let’s turn to this diagram…
¡ I’d like you to look at this map…
¡ If you look at this graph, you will notice…
¡ Let’s have a look at this pie chart…
¡ If you look at this line chart, you will understand…
¡ To illustrate my point, let’s look at some charts…
LINE GRAPHS
LINE GRAPHS

To express the movement of the line, you should use appropriate verbs,
adjectives, and adverbs depending on the kind of actions you need to show.
LINE GRAPHS

¡ Verbs:
¡ rise, increase, grow, go up to, climb, boom, peak,
¡ fall, decline, decrease, drop, dip, go down, reduce, crash, collapse, plunge,
plummet.
¡ remain stable, no change, remain steady, stay constant, stay, maintain the same
level

¡ Adjectives: sharp, rapid, huge, dramatic, substantial, considerable,

significant, slight, small, minimal, massive.
¡ Adverbs: dramatically, rapidly, hugely, massively, sharply, steeply,
considerably, substantially, significantly, slightly, minimally,
markedly, quickly, swiftly, suddenly, steadily, gradually, slowly.
GRAPH: THE ROLE OF INFORMATION
SYSTEMS IN BUSINESS TODAY
Information Technology Capital Investment

Information technology capital investment, defined as hardware, software, and

communications equipment, grew from 30 percent to 52 percent of all invested capital
between 1980 and 2009.
GRAPH: INFORMATION ECONOMY
1.5. WRITING
UPS COMPETES GLOBALLY WITH
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

¡ What are the inputs, processing, and outputs of UPS’s package tracking
system?
¡ What technologies are used by UPS? How are these technologies related
to UPS’s business strategy?
¡ What problems do UPS’s information systems solve? What would happen
if these systems were not available?

© Prentice Hall 2011 65

UPS COMPETES GLOBALLY WITH
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

¡ Dimensions of UPS tracking system

¡ Organizational:
¡ Procedures for tracking packages and
managing inventory and provide information
¡ Management:
¡ Monitor service levels and costs
¡ Technology:
¡ Handheld computers, bar-code scanners,
networks, desktop computers, etc.

© Prentice Hall 2011 66

SUMMARY

¡ Understand basic concepts related to information and information systems

in organizations
¡ Use verb tense properly: pass tense, present tense, future tense, simple
tense, perfect tense, condition tense
¡ Differentiate different reading technique and know how to use them:
Scanning vs Skimming
¡ Practice speaking and writing skills