Political Self

POLITICAL
SELF
GEC 11: UNDERSTANDING
THE SELF
Objectives:
Describe the nature, functions, and origins of
1 political self.
Discuss the role of family, school, church, peer

2 groups, and media in the development of
political self.
Determine the importance of social

3
interaction in political self.
Identify and describe the theoretical

4
perspectives in the development of political self.
Set of activities associated to
governance of a country or other
area. It is the ability to control over a
group of people in a community,
state or nation. It is also inferred
from the persons ability to influence
others.
WHAT IS
POLITICS?
❑ In Aristotle’s work Politics, he describes the
role that politics and the political
community must play in bringing about
the virtuous life in the citizenry. He
observes that “man is by nature a
political animal”.
❑ Politics exists in all human societies.
It is the most basic
identification with the nation
as such, is oriented towards
the state and its expressions
in law and policy (Diokno,
1997).
CITIZENSHIP
❑ An important basis for political self
❑ From the social and psychological
perspectives, the individual’s claim to
citizenship means that the person relates
herself or himself to a group of others who
also see themselves as citizens of a larger
polity.
The different ethnolinguistic
groups – each with a distinct
heritage of traditions, dance,
art, music, folklore, beliefs,
value system-make up the
identity of the Filipino people.
National Identity
❑ 7,641 islands with a total land area of
300,000 square kilometers.
❑ The current population of the Philippines is
113,652,295.
❑ The Philippines is a culturally diverse
country with 110 ethno-linguistic groups.
❑ There are approximately more than 175
languages and dialects in the Philippines.
POLITICAL SELF
• Organizes ones beliefs, attitudes and affiliations that aids in
the processing of politically relevant information on making
decision of one's political views.
• Helps in defining the structure and functions of the
government in telling the relationship between the State and
the citizens; and in describing their rights, freedom, and
obligations as citizens.
• Exemplifies the ideals and aspirations of the people; embodies
the rules and principles of the State; and determines the status
and power of the people.
It is a lifelong process by
which we learn about our
political self and identity.
Origins of the
Political Self and
Identity
A typical Filipino family
consists of parents and
children carrying a set of
rights, responsibilities, and
expectations. It is where we
learn fundamental values
and beliefs.
In this agent of
socialization, patriotism and
nationalism are emphasized
through flag ceremonies and
pictures of significant
people in the classroom are
placed.
It helps shape and influence
the individual's citizenship
and democracy through their
teachings, homily and
pastoral letters.
People with similar
preferences naturally
associate with each other.
The agent of socialization that
creates channels of
communication in circulating
news that can potentially
influence peoples' attitudes,
opinions and behaviour around
many sensitive issues, such as
gender, ethnicity, age and
political issues
Theoretical Perspective in
determining the Political Self
• Social Learning Theory
• Cognitive Theory
• Theory of Symbolic Interaction
• Theory of Political Participation
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
• A person can acquire
learning through
observation and imitation.
• Through political
socialization, individuals
gain knowledge about
politics.
COGNITIVE THEORY
• Mental activities
(knowledge, perceptions and
ideas) of the person are the
important determinants of
behaviors (political
attitudes)
• (knowledge + perception +
ideas=political attitudes)
THEORY OF SYMBOLIC INTERACTION
• Political behaviors are
product of communication,
meaning, and symbols.
• People give meanings to
symbols and they express
these meanings through
language and
communication.
THEORY OF POLITICAL PARTICIPATION
• citizen's actions or activities influences politics.
TYPES OF INFLUENCE
NORMATIVE INFORMATIONAL
INFLUENCE INFLUENCE
LEADERSHIP
The ability of an individual or a
group of individuals to
influence/ motivate/ lead/
guide followers or other
members of an organization
or group.
THEORIES OF LEADERSHIP
(1) David McClelland's Psychological Needs
1. Need for power

2. Need for affiliation
3. Need for achievement
(2) Three Leadership Motivation Patterns (Chan and
Drasgow, 2001)
• Affective Identity motivation –desire to be in

charge and lead others.
• Non-calculative motivation- we seek leadership
positions because it will result to personal gain.
• Social-normative motivation –desire to lead out of a
sense of duty or responsibility.
(3) Types of Leaders According to Path-Goal Theory
• Instrumental- leaders who plan and organizes for
their subordinates.
• Supportive – leaders who show concern to their
subordinates.
• Participative – leaders who allow subordinates to
participate in decision making.
• Achievement-oriented – leaders who set challenges
to achieve the rewards.
(4) Types of Leadership Styles (Kurt Lewin, 1939)
1. Autocratic Leadership - “Do as you’re told.”
2. Democratic Leadership - involves gathering input from
other members for decision-making process.
3. Laissez-faire Leadership - leave decisions to their group,
while staying available to provide feedback when necessary.
4. Transformational Leadership - allows group to see clearly
the vision and goals; loyal and productive while working to
accomplish their mission.
Developing a Filipino
Identity
1. Pakikipagkapwa or Kapwa – (shared sense of identity and
consciousness)
2. Humor and Positivity – (look at the brighter side of things)
3. Flexibility and Adaptability – (“bahala na”, value
adaptability and quick thinking)
4.Faith and Religion – (Spirituality is deeply ingrained in
Filipinos)
5. Filipino Hospitality – (extend a warm welcome to their
guests)
Developing a Filipino
Identity
6. Other characteristics –
• crab mentality
• pagtatakpan attitude
• Hiya
• Bahala na attitude
• Utang na loob

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POLITICAL

Discuss the role of family, school, church, peer

Determine the importance of social

Identify and describe the theoretical

1. Need for power

• Affective Identity motivation –desire to be in

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