NANYANG JUNIOR COLLEGE

JC2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION

Higher 2

FURTHER MATHEMATICS 9649/02

Paper 2 21st September 2021

3 Hours
Additional Materials: Answer Booklets
List of Formulae (MF26)

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your name and class on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.

Answer all the questions.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place in the case of
angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
You are expected to use a graphing calculator.
Unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are allowed unless a question specifically states
otherwise.
Where unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are not allowed in a question, you are required
to present the mathematical steps using mathematical notations and not calculator commands.
You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 9 printed pages.

NANYANG JUNIOR COLLEGE

Internal Examinations

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Section A: Pure Mathematics [50 marks]

1
Let be a linear transformation with standard matrix representation . It is known that

the eigenvectors of the matrix forms a basis of . In spectral theory, one often needs to find a
matrix representation of based on the eigenvectors of the matrix . This technique is known as
change of basis.
Suppose the matrix has eigenvalues 0, 1 and 3 with corresponding eigenvectors

Let , and be the standard basis of . We can expressed for .

(i) Using a non-calculator method, find the matrix where the ij-entry is given by . [3]

The change of basis method involves a change of the coordinate system of . Thus a vector

can be rewritten as . Then is the coordinates corresponding to the

basis V comprising of the eigenvectors of A.

(ii) Find the matrix that will convert the coordinates under standard basis to the

coordinates under the basis . [1]

(iii) Find the matrix representation of under the basis . [2]

2
Let where n is a non-negative integer.
(i) Prove that for ,

. [3]

(ii) Evaluate in terms of , and show that

. [3]

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(iii) The region bounded by the curve and the x-axis between the ordinates and

is denoted by S. Find the volume of the solid of revolution when S is rotated completely
about the y-axis. [4]

3
(a) Let .

(i) Use the Trapezium Rule with 5 ordinates to find an approximation for . [2]

(ii) Use the Simpson’s Rule with 5 ordinates to find an approximation for . [2]
(iii) Explain why your answer in part (ii) is a better approximation than part (i). [1]

(b) The equation has three real roots , such that .

(i) Show that one of the roots lie in the interval . [1]

(ii) Use the method of fixed-point iteration with to obtain approximations for

and . [4]

To obtain , the iteration can be used instead.

However, using this version of method of fixed-point iteration will fail to converge to any roots

outside of the interval . With the aid of a sketch, find the values of and . [2]

4
(i) Use de Moivre’s theorem to express in terms of . [4]

(ii) Hence prove that are the 3 roots of the cubic equation

. [3]

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(iii) Deduce the exact value of . [2]

5 Using the substitution , show that the differential equation

satisfying the boundary conditions when has either the zero solution or a non-zero

solution when .

Find the particular solution of the differential equation where and such that the tangent to the

particular solution curve at the point where makes an acute angle of with the positive

direction of the x-axis.

Sketch this particular solution curve for , giving the exact coordinates of any stationary

points. [13]

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Section B: Probability and Statistics [50 marks]

6 The table below shows the number of men and women found with or without cardiovascular disease
(CVD) in a random sample obtained.
Free of CVD Prevalent CVD Total
Men 1548 244 1792
Women 1872 135 2007
Total 3420 379 3799

(i) Estimate the proportion of men and women with prevalent CVD using symmetric 95% confidence
intervals. Using these estimates, explain whether there is reason to believe that the proportion of
men with prevalent CVD is higher than that of women. [3]

(ii) Another random sample of men is obtained to find another symmetric 95% interval estimate

for the proportion of men with prevalent CVD. Assuming that the sample proportion is the same
as the previous sample, find the least value of the sample size for the width of the interval to be
at most 0.02. [4]

7 The Laplace distribution is often used in speech recognition and JPEG image compression. The
probability density function is given by

where is the location parameter, is the scale parameter and is the normalising constant.

(i) Show that . [3]

(ii) State the value of and find in terms of b. [3]

(iii) It is known that if and are independent observations from an exponential distribution with

mean , then follows a Laplace distribution with and scale parameter . Find

the probability that the difference between and is greater than 2b. [3]

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8
A study is done on upper primary school students to investigate the type of goals that are important to
them. They were asked whether good grades, athletic ability or popularity was the most important to
them. The following table shows the number of students for each choice.

Primary Level
Goal Primary 4 Primary 5 Primary 6
Good Grades 36 46 51
Popularity 31 34 28
Athletic Ability 33 20 21

(i) Conduct a test at 5% level of significance on whether the type of goals is dependent on the

level of students. [4]

(ii) Suppose instead that the numbers in the table above are column percentage. The ratio of the
Primary 4, Primary 5 and Primary 6 students is 2:1:2 and the total number of students interviewed

is 5n. Find the test statistics in terms of and find the least value of so that the null hypothesis

will be rejected. Explain why the answer obtain may not result in the observed frequencies having
integer values. [5]

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9 To test whether the type of tyres will affect fuel economy, a random sample of 12 cars equipped with

regular belted tires were driven on a test course and the fuel economy (in km/l), , was measured.

Another random sample of 12 cars equipped with radial tires were driven on the same course and the

fuel economy, , was measured. The summary statistics obtained are as follows:

A quick check is done on whether there is a difference in the means of the two variables. A common

tool used is the Effect Size, which can be calculated by the Cohen’s d statistics, . It is defined as

where and are the sample size for the variable and respectively and and are the

unbiased estimates of the population variance of and respectively. A value that is less than 0.2
suggests that the difference of the means of the variables is trivial.

(i) Show that for this set of data, . [1]

(ii) Calculate the value of for this set of data and comment on its value. [3]

(iii) Using an appropriate test and stating the necessary assumptions, test at the 8% level of
significance whether there is evidence that radial tires produce better fuel economy. [4]

It is later known that the random samples obtained are actually paired data. The following table shows
the twelve pairs of readings.
x 4.1 4.9 6.2 6.9 6.8 4.4 5.7 5.8 6.9 4.7 6.0 4.9
y 4.2 4.7 6.6 7.0 6.7 4.5 5.7 6.0 7.4 4.9 6.1 5.2

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(iv) Obtained a 95% symmetric confidence interval for the mean of the difference . [2]
(v) Explain whether there is evidence at the 5% level of significance to suggest that the fuel economy
of cars using radial tires and belted tires differ. [2]

10 Poisson process is often used in modelling various problems in real world situations, for instance, in

meteorological studies. A Poisson process with rate parameter is denoted by and is such that

the number of arrivals in days, , follows a Poisson distribution with mean . In a certain city,

past records showed that showers arrive at a rate of per day in the first quarter of the year.

(i) Show that the time between successive arrivals of showers follow an exponential distribution
with the parameter to be determined. [2]

(ii) Given that there is exactly one shower in the first days, find the distribution of the time of arrival

of the shower. [2]

For the remaining questions, let .

(iii) Find the probability that there at least 4 showers in a week of 7 days for the first quarter. [1]
(iv) Find the probability that there are 3 showers in the first week and 5 showers in the second week
of the first quarter. [2]
(v) Find the probability that there is an average of 4 showers per week for the first quarter of the year,
consisting of 12 weeks. [2]
(vi) A junior meteorologist suggests that the same value for the rate parameter can be used for the
whole year. Explain why this may not be appropriate. [1]

During each of these showers in the first quarter of the year, the amount of rainfall has an expected

amount of 18 mm and the variance of the amount is 250 mm2. The total amount of rainfall in t days

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can be expressed as is modelled by a compound Poisson process, denoted by . It is known

that and .

(vii) Taking the first quarter of the year as 90 days and using a suitable approximation, find the
probability that the average amount of rainfall per day in the first quarter of the year is at least 10
mm. [3]

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NYJC 2021 JC2 Preliminary Examination 9649/02