06.a Happy Hormones
06.a Happy Hormones
06.a Happy Hormones
Happy Hormones
Serotonin, dopamine, oxytocin, and endorphins are famously happy hormones that promote
positive feelings like pleasure, happiness, and even love. Hormones and neurotransmitters are
involved in lots of essential processes, like heart rate and digestion, but also your mood and
feelings.
Serotonin is the key hormone that stabilizes our mood, feelings of well-being, and happiness.
This hormone impacts your entire body. It enables brain cells and other nervous system cells to
communicate with each other. Serotonin also helps with sleeping, eating, and digestion.
Dopamine is your brain's signal that a reward is at hand. The joyful excited feeling is released
when you approach something that meets an unmet need. Oxytocin is the good feeling of social
trust. It's released when you find the safety of social support.
When you're attracted to another person, your brain releases dopamine, your serotonin levels
increase, and oxytocin is produced. This causes you to feel a surge of positive emotion.
Oxytocin is a hormone secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, a pea-sized structure
at the base of the brain. It's sometimes known as the "cuddle hormone" or the "love hormone,"
Endorphins are chemicals produced by the body to relieve stress and pain. They work similarly to
a class of drugs called opioids. Opioids relieve pain and can produce a feeling of euphoria.
Dopamine is a type of neurotransmitter. Your body makes it, and your nervous system uses it to
send messages between nerve cells. That's why it's sometimes called a chemical messenger.
Dopamine plays a role in how we feel pleasure. It's a big part of our unique human ability to think
06.A Winter Final Worksheet Happy Hormones
and plan. It helps us strive, focus, and find things interesting.
Dopamine Basics
It’s made in the brain through a two-step process. First, it changes the amino acid tyrosine to a
It affects many parts of your behavior and physical functions, such as:
• Learning • Sleep
• Motivation • Mood
• Heart rate • Attention
• Blood vessel function • Control of nausea and vomiting
• Kidney function • Pain processing
• Lactation • Movement
Role in Mental Health
It’s hard to pinpoint a single cause of most mental health disorders and challenges. But they're
often linked to too much or too little dopamine in different parts of the brain. Examples include:
• ADHD
• Schizophrenia