Unit 7

Vocabulary
• Global issues

1 Which global issue is each person talking about? Match A-H to 1-8.

1 “It’s terrible that some children can’t enjoy books as they are A Poverty
never taught to read.”

2 “The ice in Antarctica is melting because the world’s B Global Warming

temperature is rising!”

3 “My class is collecting tins of food to send to poor families in C Disease

Africa.”

4 “I saw on the news that two big countries have started D Air Pollution
fighting each other.”

5 “There is too much smog to see the mountains from my E Endangered species
house in the city.”

6 “The Big Cats Reserve protects animals from becoming F War

extinct.”

7 “Rainforests once covered 14% of the earth’s land surface. G illiteracy

Now they cover only 6%.”

8 “Scientists are working on a cure for a deadly virus.” H Deforestation

• Problems in towns

2 Fill in: air, graffiti, illiteracy, lack, rubbish, crime, congestion, accidents, streets.

1 The recycling programme aims to reduce 6 The factory causes a lot of ……………………
…………………… in the city. pollution.
2 In some areas of India health care is poor with a 7 People don't drive carefully and there are a lot
…………………… of hospitals. of car …………………… in large cities.
3 The school is trying to fight …………………… 8 Never walk down badly lit …………………… at
with a new reading programme. night.
4 There was …………………… sprayed all over 9 Jill is afraid to live in the city because of all the
the school walls. …………………… like car theft and burglary.
5 I take the train because of all the traffic
…………………… in the city.

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 Unit 7
• General revision

3 Choose the correct item.

1 The whole population/tribesman/community 5 The travellers connect/depend/take on their

is helping to clean up the rubbish in the local guide to help them find their way around the
park. reserve.
2 The farm’s cattle/livestock/beasts included 6 There is a serious food shortage/waste/
cows, horses and sheep. pressure in third world countries.
3 It is important to take a spear/torch/bulb with 7 Many families do not have a clean water
you if you go for a walk when it’s dark. access/supply/amount.
4 Our charity is concerned with the success/ 8 My phone has stopped working; I need to
peace/survival of pandas. install/connect/charge the battery.

4 Fill in: incredible, smart, scared, moving, growing, scarce, daily, unknown.

1 Howard and Nicole took their ………………… 5 Lizards have ………………… abilities. If they
walk to the town centre. lose a leg, it grows back!
2 I have always been ………………… of wild 6 Some animals are scared of …………………
animals! lights as they think they are being hunted.
3 Josh is really ………………… . He gets the best 7 Scientists have just discovered a previously
marks in class! ………………… species of frog in the rainforest.
4 Life was hard in the village as food was 8 The ………………… population of manatees is
………………… and crops weren’t growing. an encouraging sign.

5 Choose the correct item.

1 The charity’s goal is to encourage/improve 5 It’s crucial that more people join us to
conditions in poorer countries. volunteer/fight against harmful diseases.
2 If you install/connect flickering lights on your 6 We have to prevent/reduce the number of wild
farm, it will keep predators away. animals being killed by hunters.
3 We all need/require to make an effort to protect 7 An international charity has created/provided
our planet’s resources. the medical equipment for this hospital.
4 The charity group, Seaside Watch, works hard
to protect/help the turtle population in its local
area.

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 Unit 7
• Phrasal verbs

6 Fill in with: up (x3), across, about, out.

Bright Eyes is an environmental organisation. They encourage young people all over the world to look after their
local areas and bring 1) ………………… change to society. They try to set 2) ………………… a recycling
movement wherever they go. Recycling can seem like a lot of effort, but Bright Eyes insist that anyone can easily
take 3) ………………… recycling as part of their daily routine. Bright Eyes visit schools to teach young people the
facts and put 4) ………………… their message of change. They carry 5) ………………… educational workshops
to show others how important recycling is. Many people are so inspired that they sign 6) ………………… to
become a Bright Eyes speaker themselves. Bright Eyes believe that together, we can change the world.

• Word formation

7 Complete the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets.
1 Many charities work hard to raise 5 John and Jane went to a protest against
................................ about not dumping rubbish ................................ last month. (RACE)
in the street. (AWARE) 6 The government is trying to reduce the problem
2 Hajji was able to study at university because of of ................................ in the city centre.
an educational ................................ that he (HOME)
won. SCHOLAR) 7 It is everyone’s ................................ to look
3 The scientists won the Nobel Prize for their after the planet. (RESPONSIBLE)
................................, the LED light. (INVENT) 8 Roma earns a living by showing
4 Unfortunately, the first test was a ................................ around the local area.
................................ but the second was (FOREIGN)
successful. (FAIL)

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 Unit 7

Grammar in use
• Modals
8 Match the modal verbs in bold to their functions.

1 You should wear a raincoat. It’s been raining all day. A it’s forbidden to
2 Stop that! You mustn’t feed the animals. B do you want to
3 You can see lots of deer in the park. C are obliged to
4 Would you like to visit the nature reserve? D it’s possible that we will
5 Visitors must stay on footpaths inside the park. E it’s possible to
6 We may visit the café in the National Park. F it’s necessary to
7 You have to sign up for the nature talk. G it’s not necessary to
8 You needn’t leave pets at home; dogs are welcome in the park. H it’s a good idea to

9 Rewrite the sentences using: needn’t, mustn’t, can, can’t, must.

1 It’s forbidden for people to paint graffiti on 4 It’s not necessary for you to pay to enter the
public buildings. nature reserve; it’s free.
People .............................................................. You ..................................................................

2 Is it OK if we play on the grass? 5 Martin isn’t able to come to the clean-up day
.......................................................................... because he’s on holiday.
Martin ..............................................................
3 Governments are obliged to do more to help
the environment.
Governments ...................................................

• Deductions

10 Complete the sentences using must, can’t or may/might.

1 Maria isn’t here. Have you looked in the 4 There …………. be a lot of air pollution today;
kitchen? She …………. be there. my eyes are hurting.
2 Mr. Smith …………. be in Berlin right now; I 5 Perhaps there’ll be a lot of traffic at this time.
saw him this morning. We …………. need to leave earlier.
3 It …………. be raining outside; there are drops 6 The dog …………. be in the garden because I
of water on the window. put him there five minutes ago.

• Singular/Plural nouns

11 Underline the correct item.

1 The information you gave me is/are wrong. 5 The police are/is working hard to reduce crime
2 The money for the groceries are/is on the table. in the city.
3 Your new trousers is/are really nice! 6 People are/is very friendly in my town.
4 Politics are/is my favourite class at college.

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 Unit 7

• Sentence transformations

12 Complete the second sentence using the word in bold so that it means the same as the
first. Use two to five words.

1 Ned is under sixteen so he isn’t able to 3 It is forbidden to cheat during your exams. (MUST)
volunteer. (CAN) You ..................................................................
Ned .................................................................. ...................................................... your exams.
.......................................... he is under sixteen.
4 There is nothing to eat in the fridge. (NOT)
2 It’s not necessary for you to work late today. There ...............................................................
(NEED) ...................................................... in the fridge.
You ..................................................................
............................................................... today. 5 Perhaps she’s at work. (MAY)
She ..................................................................
.............................................................. at work

• Prepositions

13 Underline the correct item.

1 There has been an increase in/on/at the 4 Wild animals near the town have been affected
number of people who are looking for a job. by/with/from changes to their environment.
2 Predators like lions feed with/on/up the cattle 5 The number of lions living in/on/at the wild is
of the Maasai tribe. very low because of hunting.
3 Because of the rubbish in the area, lots of 6 By supporting conservation groups, we can
people suffered with/against/from diseases. save endangered species by/of/from
extinction.

Everyday English
14 Complete the conversation by filling in the gaps with the correct response.

Joaquin: Hi, Lisa! What are you doing this weekend? A it would help if we had
Lisa: Hi, Joaquin! I’m going to the clean-up at the park. When I went more volunteers
last week, 1) ………………… of rubbish left everywhere. We
B something needs to be
ought to help. Do you want to come with me?
done
Joaquin: Definitely! I agree, 2) ………………… about that area. It’s awful.
Do you think there’ll be a lot of people at the clean-up. C I was appalled at the
Lisa: Ten if we are lucky. Actually, 3) ………………… . Maybe if we put amount
a poster up on the school notice board, it would encourage
people to come. D good idea
Joaquin: To be honest, 4) ………………… . Nobody looks at the notice E I’m not sure that would
board. Let’s ask our teacher to make an announcement in class, work
instead.
Lisa: That’s a 5) ……..……………! See you later!

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 Unit 7
Reading
15 Read the text and complete the gaps (1-4) with the correct sentence (A-E). One
sentence is extra.

Getting Water from Thin Air

The Atacama Desert in Chile is among the driest places in the world. Some areas receive only
millimetres of rain a year, others receive none at all. Yet, what this desert does receive is fog from the
pacific ocean, called the camanchaca by locals. 1 And now, people are learning to do the same.

Water has always been a challenge for the mining and fishing communities that exist in the Atacama
Desert.
2 This was expensive and difficult. The supply was uncertain. Growing crops was impossible.

3 A sustainable solution exists in the form of big nets, called fog catchers. The idea is simple. The
nets are placed in the mountains, and they catch drops of water as the wind blows the fog through
them. The water drops run down the nets, into pipes, which move the water down the mountain into
tanks. The nets are cheap and easy to build, and the process of catching the water costs nothing.

The idea seems to be catching on. Scientists are leaning how to make the fog catchers more efficient.
4 . Not only do the fog catchers provide them with drinking water, they can also provide irrigation
for crops, or for reforestation in places where trees and plants have been lost to drought or global
warming. In some places, at least, the future is looking a little greener.

A In the past, they depended on trucks bringing them

water every day.
B The biggest challenges are getting government and
community support for the projects, as well as money
to build the fog catchers.
C Certain plants and animals manage to survive in this
dry environment by getting water from that fog.
D More and more communities are building fog catchers
and using the water to improve their lives.
E Now, it seems like there is a better alternative.

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 Unit 7
Listening
16 You will hear a radio announcer giving details about a local event. Listen and complete
the missing words.

Water Day
Organsied by: Mullund county and 1) …………………….. Group.
Date: Sunday 2) …………………….. May.
Place: Mullond 3) …………………….. .
Presentations: how to conserve water and calculate your 4) …………………… .
Children activities: games and a 5) …………………….. contest.
Tickets: 3 £ adults, kids under 12: 6) …………………….. .

Writing
17 Read the rubric and write your essay.

Your teacher has asked you to write an essay for the school magazine on how to help solve the problem of
homelessness in your city. Write your essay (100-120 words).

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 Unit 7
Pairwork Activities Student A
Work with Student B. Ask student B questions about literacy classes. Then answer student
B's questions about a beach clean-up.

South Beach is in desperate need of a clean-up before the

summer holidays begin.
Dolphin Kick Lifeguards need volunteers to help us pick up
litter and fix broken fences.
Free drinks and ice cream for anyone willing to help.

Please come to:

SOUTH BEACH
MONDAY 15TH JUNE

Literacy Classes

• where/classes?
• who/suitable?
• how long/last?
• what/bring?
• who/teacher?

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 Unit 7
Pairwork Activities Student B
Work with Student A. Answer Student A's questions about literacy classes. Then ask
student A questions about a beach clean-up.

Come to the City Library on Saturday afternoon. Mrs. Yamada, the librarian, is
offering literacy classes to students who want to learn to read and write better.
Suitable for students from age 8-14.
Classes are FREE! Just bring your love for books and a pen or pencil to write with.

Classes are from 10am – 2pm

Free juice and snacks are offered

Beach clean-up

• where?
• what/work?
• what/volunteers/receive?
• when/event?
• who/organise?

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 Unit 7
Portfolio Activities
Name: ………………………………………………… Date: ………………………. Class: ...................

Write a fact file about a global issue and answer the questions below.

Global issue: .............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Where: ......................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................

What is the problem? ................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................

What can people do to help? ....................................................................................................

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...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................

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 Unit 7
Game
Play in groups of three or four. You need a dice and some counters. Take turns to roll the
dice. You move your counter the same number of squares as shown on the dice. Answer
the questions your counter lands on. If you can’t, you miss a turn. The player who reaches
FINISH first wins.

1 2 3
The lynx is close You We sponsor/
from/of/to mustn’t/shouldn’t donate/present
extinction walk on the grass. money to charity.
It’s forbidden.

4 5 6 7
You can't/ Everyone can
mustn’t/don’t make/do a
need go to the difference by
meeting. It's volunteering
already finished
8 9 10 11
Traffic She must We all have a
crime/congestion can’t/needn't be at ………....………..
is a big problem in school. She left (responsible) to
most cities. over an hour ago. save our planet.

12 13 14 15
Scientists are My class is raising Mike gave/had a Global ...................
trying to ............................. speech about water causes
find/search a (aware) for poverty pollution temperatures to
cure for the virus. in Africa. rise.

16 17 18 19
That can’t/must We have to/ The rest of my
be my book. I left should/need help family is/are in the
mine at home. out at the charity. USA.
It's a good idea.

20 21 22 23
You don’t have to/ War broke The police
mustn’t book a out/up/about have/has put a
ticket. I have an between the two camera outside the
extra one for you. countries. station.

24 25 26
The news are/is The You shouldn’t/
on TV right now. ........................... can’t/needn’t drop
(organise) tries to litter. It’s bad for the
stop deforestation. Earth.

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