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    CRI 200 Coverage For P2 Oral Recitation

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    Karen Angel Abao
    This document defines various types of signatures and forgeries. It discusses evidential signatures, fraudulent signatures, freehand signatures, guided signatures, counterfeiting, falsification, and forgery. It then categorizes classes of forged signatures, including simulated forgery, traced forgery through direct and indirect tracing, and spurious signatures. Finally, it describes different types of traced signatures using carbon process, indentation process, and transmitted light process.

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    CRI 200 Coverage For P2 Oral Recitation

    Uploaded by

    Karen Angel Abao
    144 views2 pages
    This document defines various types of signatures and forgeries. It discusses evidential signatures, fraudulent signatures, freehand signatures, guided signatures, counterfeiting, falsification, and forgery. It then categorizes classes of forged signatures, including simulated forgery, traced forgery through direct and indirect tracing, and spurious signatures. Finally, it describes different types of traced signatures using carbon process, indentation process, and transmitted light process.

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    CRI-200-Coverage-for-P2-Oral-Recitation

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    This document defines various types of signatures and forgeries. It discusses evidential signatures, fraudulent signatures, freehand signatures, guided signatures, counterfeiting, falsification, and forgery. It then categorizes classes of forged signatures, including simulated forgery, traced forgery through direct and indirect tracing, and spurious signatures. Finally, it describes different types of traced signatures using carbon process, indentation process, and transmitted light process.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    144 views2 pages

    CRI 200 Coverage For P2 Oral Recitation

    Uploaded by

    Karen Angel Abao
    This document defines various types of signatures and forgeries. It discusses evidential signatures, fraudulent signatures, freehand signatures, guided signatures, counterfeiting, falsification, and forgery. It then categorizes classes of forged signatures, including simulated forgery, traced forgery through direct and indirect tracing, and spurious signatures. Finally, it describes different types of traced signatures using carbon process, indentation process, and transmitted light process.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Coverage for P2 Oral Recitation

    SIGNATURE defined – It is the name of a person written by him/her in a


    document as a sign of acknowledgement. Or, it is a name or a mark that a person
    puts at the end of a document to attest that he is its author or that he ratifies its
    contents.
    EVIDENTIAL SIGNATURE - Is not simply a signature - it is a signature, signed
    at a particular time and place, under particular conditions, while the signer was at
    particular age, in a particular physical and mental condition, using particular
    implements, and with a particular reason and purpose for recording his name. 
     FRAUDULENT SIGNATURE. A forged signature. It involves the writing of a
    name as a signature by someone other than the person himself, without his
    permission, often with some degree of imitation.
    FREEHAND SIGNATURE. A fraudulent signature that was executed purely by
    simulation rather than by tracing the outline of a genuine signature. 
    GUIDED SIGNATURE. A signature that is executed while the writer’s hand or
    arm is steadied in any way. 
    COUNTERFEITING - It is the crime of making, circulating or uttering false coins
    and banknotes.
     FALSIFICATION – The act/process of making the content/s of a document not
    the intended content. 
    FORGERY – The act of falsely making or materially altering, with intent to
    defraud, any writing which if genuine, might be of legal efficacy or the foundation
    of a legal liability.

    CLASSES OF FORGED SIGNATURES (CATEGORIES OF FORGERY OF


    SIGNATURES

    A. SIMULATED OR FREEHAND IMITATION FORGERY – executed purely


    by simulation rather than by tracing the outline of a genuine signature can be
    referred to as freehand imitation or simulated forgery. 
    a. DIRECT TECHNIQUE - forger works directly with ink. 
    b. INDIRECT - forger works first with pencil and afterwards covers
    the pencil strokes with ink. 
    B. TRACED FORGERY (TRACED SIGNATURE) 
    a. DIRECT TRACING - tracing is made by transmitted light.
    b. INDIRECT TRACING - forger uses a carbon paper and places a
    document on which he will trace the forged signature under the document
    bearing the model signature with a carbon paper between the two.
    C. SPURIOUS SIGNATURE (SIMPLE FORGERY) - Forger does not try to copy
    a model but writes something resembling what we ordinarily call a signature. For
    this, he uses a false (spurious) name and makes a rapid stroke, disturbing his usual
    writing by adopting a camouflage called disguise.

    The types of Traced Signatures are:


     a) CARBON PROCESS (CARBON OUTLINE) – It denotes that the forgery
    interleaves a carbon paper between the genuine signatures (top sheet) and the
    document intended to be forged (bottom sheet). The outline of the model or
    genuine signatures is traced with a dry pen or any sharp pointed instrument with
    considerable pressure to make a carbon out line on the fraudulent document. 
    b) INDENTATION PROCESS – is that type whereby indentations of canal-like
    outlines of the genuine signatures are produced by the fraudulent document
    (bottom sheet) by tracing the outline of the genuine signatures (top sheet) with
    considerable pressure with any sharp pointed instrument. The indented first
    retraced with pencil very lightly before it is finally “inked-in”. 
    c) TRANSMITTED LIGHT PROCESS – fraudulent document is placed
    immediately above the genuine document (signature) and with strong light directed
    through the two superimposed sheets of paper from under with transparent glass
    used as writing surface, the outline which is seen thru the upper sheet is then traced
    with any suitable

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