CLASS XII

MATHEMATICS
CHAPTER WISE

SELF-ASSESSMENT TESTS

SOLUTIONS
(BOOK-2 BASED)

AMIT BAJAJ
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 CLASS-XII MATHEMATICS
Chapter – 7 (INTEGRALS)
SELF-ASSESSMENT TEST
SOLUTIONS
A1. c
cos 2 x
I = dx
(sin x + cos x) 2
cos 2 x − sin 2 x
= dx
(sin x + cos x) 2
cos x − sin x
= dx
sin x + cos x
Put sin x + cos x = t , ( cos x − sin x ) dx = dt
dt
I =  = log t
t
= log sin x + cos x + C
A2. a

m
A3. Let (x – a) = t then dx = dt

co
cos x
  cos( x − a) dx
cos{( x − a) + a}

.
= dx
cos( x − a)
hs
cos( x − a) cos a − sin( x − a) sin a
= dx
cos( x − a)
at
= cos a 1 dx − sin a  tan( x − a) dx
= cos a . x – sin a log | sec (x – a)| + C
m

= x cos a – sin a log | sec (x – a)| + C

I =  x . tan −1 x dx
aj

A4. Let
Integrating by parts, we get
 
aj

d
= tan −1 x  xdx −  (tan −1 x)  xdx dx
dx
itb

x2 1 x2
= (tan −1 x) −  dx
2 (1 + x ) 2
2
am

x 2 tan −1 x 1  1 
= −  1 −  dx
2 2  1 + x2 
x 2 tan −1 x 1 1 1
= −  dx +  dx
2 2 2 1 + x2
x 2 tan −1 x x 1
= − + tan −1 x + C
2 2 2
1 x
= (1 + x 2 ) tan −1 x − + C
2 2
8
A5. Let I=  dx
( x + 2) ( x 2 + 4)
8 A Bx + C
Let = + 2 ...(i)
( x + 2) ( x 2 + 4) x+2 x +4
 8 = A( x 2 + 4) + (B x + C) ( x + 2)
...(ii)
Put x = –2, 0, 1 in (ii), we get
A = 1; C = 2; B = –1

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 8 1 −x + 2
 From (i), = +
( x + 2) ( x 2 + 4) x + 2 x2 + 4
Integrating, we get
8
I=  ( x + 2) ( x 2
+ 4)
dx

dx −x + 2
= x+2+ x 2
+4
dx

1 2x dx
2  x2 + 4
= log( x + 2) − dx + 2 2 + C1
x + 22

= log( x + 2) − log( x 2 + 4) + 2 . tan −1   + C1

1 1 x
2 2 2
 x+2   x 
= log  + tan −1   + C1
 x 2 + 4  2
 
1
( x4 – x)4
A6. Let, I =  dx
x5
1
 x 4 1
=   x 1 − 4   5 dx

m
  x  x

co
1
 1 4 1
=  x 1 − x3  x5 dx
1

=  1 − 3  4 dx
.
1 4 1
 x  x
hs
1 3 x4
Put, 1 − 3 = t , so that, dx = dt  dx = dt
at
x x4 3
1
1 1 4 5
I =  t 4 dt = . t 4
m

3 3 5
5

I = 1 − 3  + C
4 1 4
aj

15  x 

x
aj

A7. Let I =  dx ... (i)

0
1 + sin x
itb

a a
Using 
0
f ( x) dx =  f (a − x) dx,
0
we get
 
−x −x
am

I = dx =  dx ...(ii)
0
1 + sin(  − x ) 0
1 + sin x
Adding (i) and (ii) we get
 
 dx
2I = 0 1 + sin x dx = 0 1 + sin x

1 1 − sin x
=   dx
0
1 + sin x 1 − sin x

1 − sin x
=  2
dx
0 cos x

=  (sec2 x − tan x sec x)dx
0

= [tan x − sec x]0

= [0 − sec  − (0 − sec0)]
= [1 + 1] = 2  I = 

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 sin x cos x
A8. Let I =  sin 4
x + cos 4 x
dx.

Dividing the numerator and denominator by cos 4 x

tan x . sec2 x dx
 I=  tan 4 x + 1
tan x . sec2 x
 I=  (tan 2
x) 2 + 1
dx

1
Putting tan 2 x = z, then 2 tan x sec2 x dx or tan x sec2 x dx = dz
2
dz
then I=  2( z 2
+ 1)
1 −1 1
= tan z = tan −1 (tan 2 x) + C
2 2

A9. Let I =  ( tan x + cot x ) dx

 sin x cos x  sin x + cos x
=  +  dx =  dx

m
 cos x sin x  sin x cos x
sin x + cos x
= 2 dx

co
2sin x cos x
sin x + cos x
= 2 dx
1 − (1 − sin 2 x)

.
sin x + cos x
hs
= 2 dx
1 − (sin x − cos x) 2
at
Put sin x – cos x = t  (cos x + sin x) dx = dt
dt
 I = 2 = 2 sin −1 t + C
m

1 − t2
= 2 sin −1 (sin x − cos x) + C
aj
aj

2
A10. Let I =  | x 2 + 2 x − 3 | dx
0
itb

Clearly, x 2 + 2 x − 3 = (x + 3) (x – 1).
−( x 2 + 2 x − 3), if 0  x  1
 | x2 + 2 x − 3 | =  2
 ( x + 2 x − 3), if 1  x  2
am

Using additive property, we obtain

1 2
I =  | x 2 + 2 x − 3 | dx +  | x 2 + 2 x − 3 | dx
0 1
1 2
 I =  −( x 2 + 2 x − 3)dx +  ( x 2 + 2 x − 3)dx
0 1
1 2
x 3
  x3 
 I= −  + x 2 − 3x  +  + x 2 − 3x 
3 0  3 1
 1   8 
I =  + 1 − 3  − 0  +  + 4 − 6  −  + 1 − 3 
1

 3    3  3 
5 2 5
= + + =4
3 3 3

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 OR

x tan x dx
Let I =  sec x + cos x
0

( − x) tan( − x)
=  sec( − x) + cos( − x) dx
0

( − x) (− tan x)
 I=  – sec x − cos x dx
0

( − x) tan x
=  dx
0
sec x + cos x
 
 tan x dx ( x tan x) dx
= 0 (sec x + cos x) − 0 (sec x + cos x)
sin x

 I=  cos x dx − I
1
0 + cos x
cos x

sin x
 2I =   dx
+

m
0 1 cos 2 x

2
sin x

co
 2I = 2  dx [ f ( − x) = f ( x)]
0 1 + cos 2 x


.
2
sin x
 I=  dx.
0 1 + cos x
2
hs
Put cos x = t so that –sin xdx = dt or sin x dx = –dt

at
When x = 0, t = 1, When x = , t=0
2
0
−dt
1
 b a

m

dt
 I =  =    f ( x) dx = −  f ( x) dx 
11+ t 01+ t
2 2
 a b 
aj

=  [tan −1 t ]10
=  [tan −1 1 − tan −1 0]
aj

 2
=   − 0 =
4  4
itb
am

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 SOLUTIONS
CLASS-XII MATHEMATICS
Chapter – 8 (APPLICATIONS OF INTEGRALS)
SELF-ASSESSMENT TEST

A1. c

A2. a

A3. d

x2 y 2
A4. + = 1 is an ellipse whose major axis is along x-axis.
16 9

m
. co
hs
 Required area = 4 (area of region OABO)
...(by symmetry)
at
4 4
3
= 4  y dx = 4 16 − x 2 dx
m

0 0
4
4
3
= 4  (4) 2 − x 2 dx
aj

4 0
4
 x (4) 2 − x 2 (4) 2 x
aj

= 3 + sin −1 
 2 2 4 0
itb

 4 16 − (4)2   0 16 − 0  
 −  8sin −1   +
4 0
= 3  8sin −1 + 
 4 2   4 2 
= 3[(8 sin −1 1 + 0) − (8 sin −1 0 + 0)]
am


= 3 8  − 8  0 = 12  sq. units
 2 

A5. The given curve x = y 2 represents a parabola with vertex (0, 0) and axis along x-axis.
It is given that the line x = a divides the area between x = y 2 and x = 4 into two equal
parts.
 area of region OADO = area region ABCDA

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 a
Now, area of region OADO =  y dx
0
a 3 3
2 2 2 3
= 
0
x dx =
3
[ x ] = [a − 0] = a 2
2 a
3
0
3
2

Also, area of region ABCDA

4 4 3
2
=  y dx =  x dx = [ x 2 ]4a
a a
3
2
= [(4)3/ 2 − a3/ 2 ]
3
2 16 2
= [8 − a3/ 2 ] = − a3/ 2
3 3 3
2 3/ 2 16 2 3/ 2
Now, a = − a
3 3 3
4 32 16
 a =
3 3
 a = (4) 2/3

m
A6. The given line is y – 1 = x
i.e., y=x+1

co
The graph of the line is shown in fig. The line meets the x-axis i.e.,, y = 0 at the point
(–1, 0). x = –2 and x = 3 crosses the x-axis at x = –1.
 The required area = the area of the shaded region

.
hs
at
m
aj
aj

3 3

=  | y | dx =  | x + 1| dx
itb

−2 −2
−1 3

=  | x + 1| dx +  | x + 1| dx
am

−2 −1
−1 3

=  (−( x + 1)) dx +  ( x + 1)dx

−2 −1

( for −2  x  − 1, x + 1  0
 | x + 1 | = – (x + 1);
and for −1  x  3, x + 1  0
 | x + 1| = x + 1)
−1 3
 x2   x2 
= −  + x +  + x
2  −2  2  −1
 1   9 
= −  − 1 − (2 − 2)  +  + 3  −  − 1
1
 2    2   2 
1 9 1 1
= + + 3 + = 8 sq. units
2 2 2 2

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 is point  , 
a a a
A7. Intersection of x 2 + y 2 = a 2 and x =
2  2 2

 Required area = 2 (area of region ABCA))

(by symmetry)
a a
= 2  y dx = 2  a 2 − x 2 dx
a a

m
2 2
a
 a2 x x a −x 
2 2
= 2  sin −1 + 

co
2 a 2  a
2

 2 
  a   a  a2 −  a  

.
 a 2 a a2 − a2   a2    2   
 2  
= 2  sin −1   +  −  sin −1  2  + 
a
hs 
 2 a 2   2  a  2 
 a 2
 a a 
= 2  sin −1 (1) + 0  −  sin   +  
2 2
1
at
 2   2  2  4 
 a2  a2  a2 
m

= 2 . − . − 
2 2 2 4 4
aj

 a2  a2 
= 2 . − 
2 4 4
aj

a2
= ( − 2) sq. units
4
itb

A8.
am

The given curve y = x 2 represents an upward parabola with vertex (0, 0) and axis along y-axis.
Points of intersection of the two curves are (1, 1) and (–1, 1)
Required Area
= 2[Area of OCAFO – Area of OCAEO]
1
1
 x 2 x3 
= 2  ( x − x )dx = 2  − 
2

0 2 3 0
 12 13  
= 2  −
 − (0) 
 2 3  
= 2  −  = 2  = sq. units
1 1 1 1
 2 3 6 3

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 x2 y 2
A9. We have + =1 ...(i)
9 4
x y
and + =1 ...(ii)
3 2
x2 y 2
Curve (i) is an ellipse of the form + =1
a 2 b2
That means its major axis is along x-axis. Also this ellipse is symmetrical about the x-
axis.

m
co
3 3
2 2
Required area =
30 (3) 2 − x 2 dx −  (3 − x)dx
30

.
2 x 9 −1  x  
3
2  (3 − x) 2 
hs
3

= − 2
+   −  
3  2
9 x sin
2  3   0 3  −2  0
at
2  9 −1   9 −1   1 2
=   0 + sin (1)  −  0 + sin (0)   + [0 − 9]
3  2   2  3
m

3
= − 3 sq. units
2
aj

A10. Let R = {(x, y) : y 2  4 x, 4 x 2 + 4 y 2  9}

= {(x, y) : y 2  4 x}  {( x, y) : 4 x 2 + 4 y 2  9}
aj

= R1  R 2
itb
am

Let 4x2 + 4 y 2 = 9 ...(i)

2
3
 x2 + y 2 =  
2
and y2 = 4x ...(ii)
R1 is the region lying inside y = 4 x
2

9
R 2 is the region lying inside x 2 + y 2 =
4
Curves (i) and (ii) intersect at
1  1 
A  , 2  and B  , − 2 
2  2 

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As both the curves are symmetric about x-axis.
 Reqd. area = 2(Area of the shaded region above x-axis) = 2(Area OADO + ADCA)
3

1   3 2 2  2

 12 3
   2 3
x   −x 2  3   
 
2
2
 3   x   2  x  
+  2  sin −1 
2
= 2   2 xdx +    − x dx  = 2  2   + 
2

2 
3  2 2  3 / 2  1 
 0 1
   2
2    2 0
 3

= 2   + sin (1) − 2 − sin −1   
 4  1  2 9 −1 1 9 1
 3  2  8 4 8  3  
4 1 2 9 9 −1  1  
= 2 . − + − sin   
 2 2
3 4 16 8  3 
 2 9 9 −1  1  
=  + − sin    sq. units
 6 8 4  3 
OR

m
. co
hs
at
m
aj
aj
itb
am

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A11.

(a)

(b)

m
. co
hs
at
m
aj
aj
itb
am

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 SOLUTIONS
CLASS-XII MATHEMATICS
Chapter – 9 (DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS)
SELF-ASSESSMENT TEST
A1. d
A2. a
A3. Given differential equation is cos 
dy 
=a
 dx 
dy
 = cos −1 a
dx
 dy = cos −1 a dx
Integrating both sides, we get
1 dy =  cos
−1
a dx
−1
 y = (cos a) x + C ...(i)
Given that y = 1 when x = 0
Putting x = 0 and y = 1 in (i), we get 1 = 0 + C  C = 1

m
Putting value of C in (i), we get
y = (cos −1 a) x + 1,

co
which is the required solution.
dy ex
A4.  1 + y2 = −
1 + e2 x
dx ...(i)

.
ex 1
hs
For  1 + e2 x dx = 1+ t 2
dt

tan −1 y = − tan −1 e x + C ...(ii)

at
When x = 0, y = 1
 tan −1 1 = − tan −1 1 + C
m

  
 C= + = ( eo = 1 )
aj

4 4 2
Substituting in (ii), we get

aj

tan −1 y = − tan −1 e x +
2

itb

−1 −1 x
 tan y + tan e = , is the required solution.
2
dy dy
A5. We have, y + x = x − y
am

dx dx
dy dy
 x +y =x–y
dx dx
dy x − y
 = ...(i)
dx x + y
This is a linear homogeneous D.E.
dy dv
 Put y = vx  =v+ x
dx dx
 Equation (i) becomes
dv x − vx 1 − v
v+x = =
dx x + vx 1 + v
dv 1 − v
 x = −v
dx 1 + v
1 − v − v 2 − v 1 − 2v − v 2
= =
1+ v 1+ v

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 (1 + v) dx
 dv = −
v 2 + 2v − 1 x
Integrating both sides, we get
1
log | v 2 + 2v − 1| = − log | x | + log C
2
1
 log | v 2 + 2v − 1| + log | x | = log C
2
1 y2 2 y
 log 2 + − 1 + log | x | = log C
2 x x
y2 2 y
 log + − 1 + 2 log | x | = 2 log C
x2 x
y 2 + 2 xy − x 2
 log 2
 x 2 = log C2
x
 y 2 + 2 xy − x 2 =  C2
 y 2 + 2 xy − x 2 = C1 (where C1 =  C2 )

m
dy  
A6. We have, + sec x . y = tan x,  0,  x   ...(i)
dx  2

co
dy
This is a linear D.E. of the form + P y = Q, where P = sec x, Q = tan x
dx

I.F. = e  = e 
.
P dx sec x dx

hs
= elog|sec x + tan x| = | sec x + tan x |
 The solution of (i) is
y . (sec x + tan x) =  | sec x + tan x | . tan x dx + C
at

=  | sec x tan x + tan 2 x | dx + C

m

=  | sec x tan x | dx +  | sec2 x − 1| dx + C

aj

= sec x + tan x – x + C
aj

dy
A7. We have, + 2y tan x = sin x
dx
itb

It is linear differential equation of the form

dy
+ P y = Q , where P = 2 tan x, and Q = sin x
am

dx

I.F. = e
2 tan x dx
Now, = e2 log|sec x| = sec2 x
 y(sec2 x) =  (sec2 x) (sin x) dx

 y (sec2 x) =  sec x tan x dx

 y (sec2 x) = sec x + C

When x= , y = 0  C = –2
3
 y (sec x) =
2
sec x – 2 i.e., y = cos x − 2 cos 2 x is the required solution

y
A8. We have, e x 1 − y 2 dx + dy = 0
x
y
 x e x dx + dy = 0
1 − y2
Integrating both sides, we get

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 1
1 −
x . e x −  1. e x dx −
2
(1 − y 2
) 2
(−2 y) dy = C
1
1 (1 − y 2 ) 2
 xe −e −
x x
=C
2 1
2
 e x ( x − 1) − 1 − y 2 = C
When x = 0, y = 1 e0 (0 − 1) − 1 − 1 = C  C = –1
 e x ( x − 1) − 1 − y 2 = − 1 , is the required solution.
 
A9. We have,  x sin 2   − y  dx + x dy = 0
y
 x 
dy  y y
 + sin 2   − = 0 ...(i)
dx x x
dy dv
Put y = vx  = v .1 + x
dx dx
dv
 (i) becomes v + x + sin 2 v − v = 0

m
dx
dv dx
 x + sin 2 v = 0  cosec2 vdv + =0

co
dx x
Integrating both sides, we get

.
dx
 cosec vdv +  =C
2

x
hs
 – cot v + log x = C
at
 y
 − cot   + log x = C ...(ii)
x
m

 
Put x = 1, y = in (ii), we get − cot + log 1 = C  C = –1
4 4
aj

 y
 − cot   + log x + 1 = 0 , is the required particular solution.
x
aj

A10. We have,
itb

dy x + y cos x
=−
dx 1 + sin x
am

dy x y cos x
 =− −
dx 1 + sin x 1 + sin x
dy cos x x
 + y=−
dx 1 + sin x 1 + sin x
dy
It is the form + P y = Q,
dx
cos x x
where P= , Q= −
1 + sin x 1 + sin x
cos x
 1 + sin x dx
Now IF = e = elog|1 + sin x| = 1 + sin x
Therefore, general solution is
x
y(1 + sin x) =  − (1 + sin x) dx + C = − x dx + C
1 + sin x
x2
 y(1 + sin x) = − +C
2
1(1 + sin 0) = 0 + C

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  C = 1[Given y = 1 and x = 0]
Hence, particular solution is
x2 2 − x2
y(1 + sin x) = − +1  y =
2 2(1 + sin x)
OR

We have, (3xy + y 2 ) dx + ( x 2 + xy) dy = 0

dy 3xy + y 2
 =− 2 ...(i)
dx x + xy
This is a homogeneous linear differential equation
dy dv
Put y = vx  = v .1 + x .
dx dx
 (i) becomes
dv 3x . vx + v 2 x 2 3v + v 2
v+x = − 2 =−
dx x + x . vx 1+ v

m
dv 3v + v 2 −2v 2 − 4v
 x = −v − =
dx 1+ v v +1

co
v +1 dx
= dv + =0
2v + 4v
2
x

.
Integrating both sides, we get
hs
1
log | 2v 2 + 4v | + log | x | = log C 
4
at
1
 (2v 2 + 4v) 4 x = C 
m

1
 2 y2 4 y 4
  2 +  x = C
 x x 
aj

1
 (2 x 2 y 2 + 4 x3 y) 4 = C 
aj

 2 x 2 y 2 + 4 x3 y = C [where C = (C )4 ] ...(ii)

itb

Put x = 1, y = 1 in (ii), we get C = 6

Hence 2 x 2 y 2 + 4 x3 y = 6
am

 x 2 y 2 + 2 x3 y = 3
is the required particular solution.

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 SOLUTIONS
CLASS-XII MATHEMATICS
Chapter – 10 (VECTOR ALGEBRA)
SELF-ASSESSMENT TEST
A1. a
A2. d
→ ^ ^ ^ → ^ ^ ^ → ^ ^ ^
A3. Here, a = 2 i − 2 j + k , b = i + 2 j + 2 k and c = 2 i − j + 4 k
→ → ^ ^ ^
 b + c = 3i + j + 2 k
→ → →
 Projection of b + c on a
→ → → ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
(b + c ) . a (3 i + j + 2 k ) . (2 i − 2 j + k )
= →
= ^ ^ ^
|a| | 2i − 2 j + k |
3  2 + 1  (−2) + 2  1 6

m
= = =2
2 + (−2) + 1
2 2 2 3

co
A4. Let the position vectors of the vertices A, B and C of a  ABC be i + 2 j^ + 3 k , 2 i + 3 j^ + k and
^ ^ ^ ^

^ ^
3i + j + 2 k
^
respectively. Then,

.
—→
AB = Position vector of B – Position vector of A
^ ^
= (2 i + 3 j^ + k ) − (i + 2 j^ + 3 k ) = i + j^ − 2 k
^ ^ ^ ^
hs
at
—→
 | AB | = (1)2 + (1)2 + (−2)2 = 6 ...(i)
m

—→
BC = Position vector of C – Position vector of B
aj

^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
= (3 i + j^ + 2 k ) − (2 i + 3 j^ + k ) = i − 2 j^ + k
aj

—→
 | BC | = (1)2 + (−2)2 + (1)2 = 6 ...(ii)
—→
itb

CA = Position vector of A – Position vector of C

^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
= (i + 2 j^ + 3 k ) − (3 i + j^ + 2 k ) = − 2 i + j^ + k
am

—→
 | CA | = (−2)2 + (1)2 + (1)2 = 6 ...(iii)
From (i), (ii) and (iii), we get
—→ —→ —→
| AB | = | BC | = | CA |
Hence,  ABC is an equilateral triangle.
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
A5. Given  ABC with vertices A(1, 2, 3)  i + 2 j + 3 k , B(2, –1, 4)  2 i − j + 4 k , C(4, 5, –1)  4 i + 5 j − k
—→ —→ —→ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
Now, AB = OB − OA = (2 i − j + 4 k ) − (i + 2 j + 3 k ) = i − 3 j + k
—→ —→ —→ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
AC = OC − OA = (4 i + 5 j − k ) − (i + 2 j + 3 k ) = 3 i + 3 j − 4 k
^ ^ ^
i j k
1 —→ —→ 1 1 ^ ^ ^
 (AB  AC) = 1 −3 1 = (9 i + 7 j + 12 k )
2 2 2
3 3 −4

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 Hence, area of  ABC
1 ^ ^ ^ 1 2
= | 9 i + 7 j + 12 k | = 9 + 7 2 + 122
2 2
1 1
= 81 + 49 + 144 = 274 sq. units
2 2
→ → →
A6. We know that x . x = | x |2
 | a − b |2 = (a − b) . (a − b)
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^

^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
 | a − b |2 = a.a − a.b − b.a + b.b
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
 | a − b |2 = | a |2 − 2 a . b + | b |2 [ a . b = b . a]
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
 | a − b |2 = | a |2 − 2 | a | | b | cos  + | b |2 [ a . b = | a | | b | cos ]
^ ^
 | a − b |2 = 2 − 2 cos 

m
 
= 2(1 − cos ) = 2  2 sin 2  = 4 sin 2
^ ^
 | a − b |2
 2 2

co
 1 ^ ^ 2  1 ^ ^
 sin 2 = | a − b |  sin = | a − b |
2 4 2 2

.
→ ^ ^ ^ → ^ ^ → ^ ^ ^
A7. Here, a = i + 2 j + k , b = 2 i + j , c = 3 i − 4 j − 5 k

→
a−b
→ ^ ^ ^
= (i + 2 j + k ) − (2 i + j ) = − i + j + k
^ ^ ^ ^ ^
hs
at
→ → ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
c−b = (3 i − 4 j − 5 k ) − (2 i + j ) = i − 5 j − 5 k
m

→ → → →
Vector perpendicular to both a − b and c − b is
^ ^ ^
aj

i j k
→ → → →
(a − b)  ( c − b) = −1 1 1
aj

1 −5 −5
itb

^ ^ ^ ^ ^
= (−5 + 5) i − (5 − 1) j + (5 − 1) k = −4 j + 4 k
→ → → →
 Unit vector perpendicular to both a − b and c − b
am

^ ^ ^ ^
−4 j + 4 k −4 j + 4 k
= =
| −4 j + 4 k |
^ ^
(−4) 2 + 42
^ ^
−4 j + 4 k 1 ^ ^
= = (− j + k )
4 2 2
→ ^ ^ ^
A8. Let c = x i + y j + z k ...(i)
^ ^ ^
i j k
→ → ^ ^ ^
 a  c = 2 1 −1 = i ( z + y) − j (2 z + x) + k (2 y − x)
x y z
→ → →
As a  c = b
^ ^ ^
 ( y + z ) i − (2 z + x) j + (2 y − x) k
^ ^ ^
= 4i − 7 j + k
Amit Bajaj | amitbajajmaths.com | [email protected]
  y+z=4 ...(ii)
2z + x = 7 ...(iii)
and 2y – x = 1 ...(iv)
→ →
Also, a . c = 6
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
 (2 i + j − k ) . ( x i + y j + z k ) = 6
 2x + y – z = 6 ...(v)
From (ii) and (v), we get
2x + 2y = 10
 x+y=5
Also 2y – x = 1 [From (iv)]
 3y = 6  y = 2, x = 3 and z = 2
→ ^ ^ ^
 Vector c = 3 i + 2 j + 2 k

m
→ ^ ^ ^ → ^ ^ ^ → ^ ^ ^
A9. Let a = i + j + k ; b = 2 i + 4 j − 5 k ; c =  i + 2 j + 3 k

co
Acc. to question
→ →
→ b+c
a = 2

.
→ →
|b + c|

 a
→
→
(b + c )
→

= 2 ...(i)
hs
at
→ →
|b + c|
m

→ → ^ ^ ^
b + c = (2 + ) i + 6 j − 2 k
→ → ^
aj

 | b + c | = (2 + ) i + 62 + (−2) 2

= 4 +  2 + 4 + 36 + 4 =  2 + 4 + 44
aj

^ ^ ^
itb

i j k
→ → →
 a  (b + c ) = 1 1 1
2 +  6 −2
am

^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
= (−2 − 6) i − (−2 − 2 − ) j + (6 − 2 − ) k = −8 i + (4 + ) j + (4 − ) k
Putting it in (i), we get
^ ^ ^
−8 i + (4 + ) j + (4 − ) k
= 2
 2 + 4 + 44

(−8) 2 + (4 + ) 2 + (4 − ) 2
 = 2
 2 + 4 + 44

64 + 16 +  2 + 8 + 16 +  2 − 8
=2
 2 + 4 + 44
96 + 2 2
 =2
 2 + 4 + 44
 8 = 8   = 1

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 → → → →
A10. Given, a.b =a.c
→ → → →
 a.b = a.b =0
→ → →
 a . (b − c ) = 0
→ → → → →
 a=0 or b − c = 0
→ → → → →
or a ⊥ (b − c ) but a  0 (given)
→ → → → →
 b = c or a ⊥ ( b − c ) ...(i)
→ → → →
Also, ab=ac
→ → → → →
 ab−ac =0
→ → → →
 a  (b − c ) = 0

m
→ → → → →
 a = 0 or b − c = 0
→ → → → →

co
or a || ( b − c ) but a  0
→ → → → →
 b = c or a || ( b − c ) ...(ii)

.
from (i) and (ii), we get b = c
→ →
(
→

hs
a ⊥ (b − c )
OR
→ → → → →
and a || ( b − c ) cannot hold simultaneously)
at
→ → →
Let | a|=| b|=| c |= (say)
→ → →
m

Since a , b , c are mutually perpendicular vectors. Therefore,

→ → → → → →
a.b =b.c = c.a =0 ...(i)
aj

→ → →
We know that | x |2 = x . x
aj

→ → → → → → → → →
 | a + b + c |2 = ( a + b + c ) . ( a + b + c )
itb

→ → → → → → → → → → → → → → →
 | a + b + c |2 = a . a + b . b + c . c + 2a . b + 2b . c + 2c . a
→ → → → → →
 | a + b + c |2 = | a |2 + | b |2 + | c |2
am

[Using (i)]
→ → → → → →
 | a + b + c |2 = 3 2 [ | a | = | b | = | c | = ]
→ → →
 |a + b + c|= 3 ...(ii)
→ → → → → →
Suppose a + b + c makes angles 1 , 2 , 3 with a , b and c respectively. Then,
→ → → → → → → → → →
a . (a + b + c ) a.a + a.b + a.c
cos 1 = → → → →
= → → → →
| a || a + b + c | | a || a + b + c |
→ →
| a |2 |a|  1  1 
 cos 1 = = = =  1 = cos −1  
→ →
| a || a + b + c |
→ → → →
| a || a + b + c |
→ →
3 3  3

−1  1 
Similarly, 2 = cos−1 
1 
 and 3 = cos  
 3  3
→ → → → → →
 1 = 2 = 3 . Hence, a + b + c is equally inclined with a , b and c .

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 SOLUTIONS
CLASS-XII MATHEMATICS
Chapter – 11 (THREE DIMENTIONAL GEOMETRY)
SELF-ASSESSMENT TEST

A1. a
A2. b
A3. d
A4. Let  be the angle between the given lines.
x−0 y−0 z−0
Equation of first line is 2x = 3y = –z i.e., = =
1 1 −1
   
2 3

 Direction ratios of first line are 1 , 1 , − 1

2 3

m
x−0 y−0 z−0
Equation of second line is 6x = –y = –4z i.e., = =
1 −1  1
  − 

co
6  4
1 1
 Direction ratios of second line are , − 1, −
6 4

.
1
2 3
1
Let a1 = , b1 = 1 , c1 = − 1 and a2 = , b2 = − 1, c2 = −
6 hs 1
4
 1 1 1  1
at
a1 a2 + b1 b2 + c1 c2     +   (−1) + (−1)  − 
Then, cos  = =  2  6 3  4 =0
a12 + b12 + c12 a22 + b22 + c22
m

2 2 2 2
1 1 2 1  1
  +   + (−1)   + (−1) +  − 
2

 2 3 6  4
aj

Hence,  = 90º
aj

A5. Any point on the line

itb

x + 2 y +1 z − 3
= = =  (say) is of the form
3 2 2
Q(3 − 2, 2 − 1, 2 + 3) ...(i)
am

Now, distance PQ, where P is (1, 3, 3), is 5.

So, (3 − 2 − 1) 2 + (2 − 1 − 3) 2 + (2 + 3 − 3)2 = 52
 9 2 + 9 – 18 + 4 2 + 16 − 16 + 4 2 = 25
 17 2 − 34 = 0  17( − 2) = 0
  = 0 or  = 2
Putting values of  in (i), the required points are (–2, –1, 3) and (4, 3, 7).

x + 2 2y − 7 5 − z
A6. The given line is = =
2 6 6
7
y−
x+2 2 = z −5
 = ...(i)
2 3 6
Its d.r's are 2, 3, –6
22 + 32 + (−6)2 = 7
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 2 3 6
 Its d.c's are , ,−
7 7 7
Equation of a line through (–1, 2, 3) and parallel to (i) is
x +1 y − 2 z − 3
= = = (say)
2 3 −6
 x = 2 − 1, y = 3 + 2, z = − 6 + 3
 Vector equation is given by
→ ^ ^ ^
r = (2 − 1) i + (3 + 2) j + (−6 + 3) k
→ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
 r = (– i + 2 j + 3 k ) + (2 i + 3 j – 6 k )

A7. The given lines are

→ ^ ^ ^
r = (3 + 1) i + (1 − ) j – k ...(i)
→ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^

m
and r = (4 i – k ) + (2 i + 3 k ) = (2 + 4) i + 0 . j + (3 − 1) k ...(ii)
If the lines (i) and (ii) intersect, then they have a common point. So, we must have

co
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
(3 + 1) i + (1 − ) j – k = (2 + 4) i + 0 . j + (3 − 1) k
 3 + 1 = 2 + 4, 1 −  = 0 and −1 = 3 − 1

.
On solving last two equations, we get  = 1 and  = 0.
These values of  and  satisfy the first equation. hs
at
So, the given lines intersect.
Putting  = 1 in (i), we get the position vector of the point of intersection.
m

Thus, the coordinates of the point of intersection are (4, 0, –1).

aj

A8. Let the equation of line passing through (2, 1, 3) and perpendicular to the lines
aj

x −1 y − 2 z − 3 x y z x − 2 y −1 z − 3
= = and = = be = = ...(i)
1 2 3 −3 2 5 l m n
itb

 l.1+m.2+n.3=0 and
l . (–3) + m . 2 + n . 5 = 0
am

l m n l m n
 = =  = =
10 − 6 −9 − 5 2 + 6 2 −7 4
x − 2 y −1 z − 3
 The equation of the required line is = =
2 −7 4
→ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
Also its vector equation is r = (2 i + j + 3 k ) + (2 i − 7 j + 4 k )
→ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
A9. Given equation of line in vector form is r = − i + 3 j + k + (2 i + 3 j – k )
 Equation of line in Cartesian form is

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 Let x + 1 = y − 3 = z − 1 = k ; Then, x = 2k – 1, y = 3k + 3, z = –k + 1
2 3 −1
 General point on the given line is (2k – 1, 3k + 3, –k + 1)
Let P be the foot of the perpendicular from the point P(5, 4, 2) on the given line
 Point R lies on the given line.
Then, coordinates of R are (2k – 1, 3k + 3, –k + 1), for some k. ...(i)
 Direction ratios of line PR are 2k – 1 – 5, 3k + 3 – 4,–k + 1 – 2,
i.e., 2k – 6, 3k – 1, –k – 1.
Let, a1 = 2k − 6, b1 = 3k − 1 and c1 = − k − 1
Also, direction ratios of the given line are 2, 3, –1
Let a2 = 2, b2 = 3 and c2 = − 1.
Since, PR is perpendicular to the given line.
 a1a2 + b1b2 + c1c2 = 0
 (2k – 6) (2) + (3k – 1) (3) + (–k – 1) (–1) = 0

m
 14k – 14 = 0  k = 1

co
Putting k = 1 in (i), we get the coordinates of R as R(1, 6, 0)
So, length of perpendicular = PR = (1 − 5)2 + (6 − 4)2 + (0 − 2)2 = 24 units

.
For Image: Let Q ( a, b, c ) be the required image. R is mid-point of PQ. Using mid-point formula,
 a+5 b+4 c+2
 , ,  = (1, 6, 0 )  R ( −3,8, −2 )
hs
at
 2 2 2 
x −1 y − 2 z + 4
= =
m

A10. Given ...(i)

2 3 6
x−3 y−3 z +5 x−3 y−3 z +5
aj

and = = or = = ...(ii)
4 6 12 2 3 6
aj

Now in vector form

→ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
r1 = (i + 2 j – 4 k ) + (2 i + 3 j + 6 k ) ...(iii)
itb

→ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
r2 = (3 i + 3 j – 5 k ) + (2 i + 3 j + 6 k ) ...(iv)
am

Since, from equation (iii) and (iv), two lines are parallel, then Distance between two parallel lines,
→ → →
b  (a2 − a1 )
d= →
|b|
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
(2 i + 3 j + 6 k )  (3 i + 3 j – 5 k ) − (i + 2 j – 4 k )
d= ^ ^ ^
| 2i + 3 j + 6k |
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
(2 i + 3 j + 6 k )  (2 i + j – k )
d=
22 + 32 + 62
^ ^ ^
i j k ^ ^ ^
2 3 6 i (−3 − 6) − j (−2 − 12) + k (2 − 6)
d= d=
2 1 −1 49
4 + 9 + 36

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 ^ ^ ^
−9 i + 14 j − 4 k 81 + 196 + 16 293
d= =d= = units
7 7 7
OR
General point on the first line is ( − 2, 2 + 3, 4 − 1)
General point on the second line is (2 + 1, 3 + 2, 4 + 3)
Direction ratios of the required line are ( − 3, 2 + 2, 4 − 2)
Direction ratios of the same line may be (2, 3 + 1, 4 + 2)
 − 3 2 + 2 4 − 2
Therefore, = = ...(i)
2 3 + 1 4 + 2
 − 3 2 − 2 2 − 1
or = = = k(say)
2 3 + 1 2 + 1
or  − 3 = 2k , 2 + 2 = (3 + 1)k , 2 − 1 = (2 + 1)k
−3   − 3   − 3
or = k , 2 + 2 = 3   + k , 2 − 1 = 2  +k

m
2  2   2 
3
or  = 9,  =

co
, which satisfy (1)
11
Therefore, the direction ratios of the required line are (6, 20, 34) or (3, 10, 17)

.
Hence, the required equation of line is x − 1 = y − 1 = z − 1

A11. (a)
3
hs 10 17
at
m
aj
aj
itb
am

(b)

Amit Bajaj | amitbajajmaths.com | [email protected]

 SOLUTIONS
CLASS-XII
Ch.–12 (LINEAR PROGRAMMING PROBLEMS)
SELF-ASSESSMENT TEST

A1. d
A2. b
A3. x + 3 y  30,3x + 4 y  60, x  0, y  0
q
A4. p =
2
A5.

m
. co
hs
at
A6.
m
aj
aj
itb
am

Possible points for maximum Z are A(2, 0), B  ,  , C(0, 2)

8 6
5 5

Points Z = 2x + Values
5y
A(2, 0) 4+0 4
8 6 16 30 46 1
B ,  + =9
5 5 5 5 5 5
C(0, 2) 0 + 10 10

Z is maximum at C(0, 2), i.e., x = 0, y = 2, maximum value = 10

Amit Bajaj | amitbajajmaths.com | [email protected]
A7.

m
co
On plotting the graph of in-equations, we notice shaded portion is feasible solution. Possible
points for maximum Z are A(20, 40), B(50, 100), C(0, 200) and D(0, 50).

.
Points
A(20, 40) hs
Z = x + 2y
20 + 80
Values
100
at
B(50, 100) 50 + 200 250
C(0, 200) 0 + 400 400
m

D(0, 50) 0 + 100 100

aj

 Z in maximum for C(0, 200), i.e., x = 0, y = 200

A8.
aj
itb
am

Feasible region OABC is shown (shaded) which is bounded.

The corner points of the feasible region are O(0, 0), A(600, 0), B(1050, 50) and C(800, 400).

Corner Points Objective Function

Z = 12x + 16y
O(0, 0) Z=0+0=0
A(600, 0) Z = 12 × 600 + 0 = 7200
B(1050, 150) Z = 1050 × 12 + 16 × 150
C(800, 400) Z = 800 × 12 + 400 × 16 = 16000  Maximum

Here, Z is maximum at (800, 400).

Amit Bajaj | amitbajajmaths.com | [email protected]
A9. The feasible region of L.P.P. is unbounded, as shown shaded in the graph.

m
co
Corner Value of Z(Z = 3x + 5y)
Points

.
P(0, 8) 40
Q(1, 5)
R(2, 4)
S(10, 0)
hs 28
26
30
at
Since, the feasible region is unbounded and 26 is the minimum value of Z at corner points.
So, we consider the open half plane 3x + 5y < 26, which has no point in common with the feasible
m

region. Hence, 26 is the minimum value of Z in the feasible region at x = 2, y = 4.

OR
aj
aj
itb
am

The feasible region ABCD is shown (shaded) in figure which is unbounded.

The coordinates of the corner points of feasible region are A(10, 0), B(2, 4), C(1, 5) and D(0, 8).

Corner Objective Function

Points Z = 16x + 20y
A(10, 0) Z = 16 × 10 + 20 × 0 = 160 + 0 = 160
B(2, 4) Z = 16 × 2 + 20 × 4 = 32 + 80 = 112
C(1, 5) Z = 16 × 1 + 20 × 5 = 16 + 100 = 116
D(0, 8) Z = 16 × 0 + 20 × 8 = 0 + 160 = 160
Amit Bajaj | amitbajajmaths.com | [email protected]
Since the feasible region is unbounded, so we have to determine whether Z = 112 is minimum
value or not.
Now, consider the linear constraint defined by inequality 16x + 20y < 112
We draw the graph of the inequality
16x + 20y < 112 i.e., 4x + 5y < 28
Now, the open half plane of 4 x + 5 y  28 and the feasible region have no common points.
So, Z is minimum at (2, 4) and minimum value = 112.

m
. co
hs
at
m
aj
aj
itb
am

Amit Bajaj | amitbajajmaths.com | [email protected]

 CLASS XII MATHEMATICS
Chapter – 13 (PROBABILITY)
SELF ASSESSMENT TEST (SOLUTIONS)

A1. c
A2. b
A3. d
A4. Let Bi (i = 1, 2) and Gi (i = 1, 2) denote the ith child is a boy or a girl respectively.
Then sample space is, S = { B1 B2 , B1 G 2 , G1 B2 , G1 G 2 }
Let A be the event that both are boys, B be the event that one of them is a boy and C be the event
that the older child is a boy.
A = {B1 B2 }, B = {G1 B2 B1 G 2 , B1 B2 } , C = {B1 B2 , B1 G2 }
 A  B = {B1 B2 } and A  C = {B1 B2 }

m
1

(i) Required probability = P   =
A P(A B) 1
=4=
B P(B) 3 3

co
4
1

(ii) Required probability = P   =
A P(A C) 1

.
=4=

A5. Total outcomes = 36

C P(C) 2 2
4 hs
at
Favourable outcomes for A to win
= {(1, 6), (6, 1), (2, 5), (5, 2), (3, 4), (4, 3)}
m

6 1 1 5
 Probability of A to win, P(A) = = , Probability of A to lose, P(A) = 1 − =
36 6 6 6
aj

Favourable outcomes for B to win = {(4, 6), (6, 4), (5, 5)}
3 1 1 11
 Probability of B to win, P(B) = = , Probability of B to lose, P(B) = 1 − =
aj

36 12 12 12
 Required probability
itb

= P(A) P(B) + P(A) P(B) P(A) P(B) + P(A) P(B) P(A) P(B) P(A) P(B) + ............
5 1 5 11 5 1 5 11 5 11 5 1
=  +    +      + ........
am

6 12 6 12 6 12 6 12 6 12 6 12
5
72 5
= =
5 11 17
1− 
6 12
A6. Sample space on throwing two dice once is
(1, 1) (1, 2) (1,3) (1, 4) (1,5) (1, 6)
(2,1) (2, 2) (2,3) (2, 4) (2,5) (2, 6)

S = 
(3,1) (3, 2) (3,3) (3, 4) (3,5) (3, 6)
(4,1) (4, 2) (4,3) (4, 4) (4,5) (4, 6)
(5,1) (5, 2) (5,3) (5, 4) (5,5) (5, 6)
(6,1) (6, 2) (6,3) (6, 4) (6,5) (6, 6)
 Total number of cases = 36
Let E and F be the events defined as follows :
E : Getting a sum 3 and F : Getting a sum less than 6
Then, E = {(1, 2), (2, 1)}
F = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 1), (3, 2), (4, 1)}
E  F = {(1, 2), (2, 1)}
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 10 2
Also, P(F) = , P(E  F) =
36 36
Hence, required probability
 2 
   1
= P   = =  36  =
E P(E F)
F P(F)  10  5
 
 36 
A7. Let E1 and E2 be the events to select bag I and bag II respectively.
1 1
 P(E1 ) = , P(E 2 ) =
2 2
Let E be the event that drawn ball is white.
E 4  E  3
P   = and P   =
 E1  7  E 2  10
 P(White ball was drawn from bag I)
E
P(E1 ) P  

m
= P  1  =  E1 
E
E E  E 
P(E1 ) P   + P(E 2 ) P  

co
 1
E  E2 
1 4 4 4
.
2 7 7 7 40
= = = =

.
1 4 1 3 4 3 40 + 21 61
. + .
2 7 2 10
+
7 10 70
hs
at
A8. Let X denote the random variable, which represents the larger of the two numbers drawn from first
five positive integers.  X can take values 2, 3, 4 or 5
m

Total number of ways = 5 × 4 = 20

2 1
 P(X = 2) = P({1, 2}, {2, 1}) = =
aj

20 10
4 2
Similarly P(X = 3) = P{(1, 3), (3, 1), (2, 3), (3, 2)}= =
aj

20 10
6 3
P(X = 4) = P{(1, 4), (4, 1), (2, 4), (4, 2), (3, 4), (4, 3)} = =
itb

20 10
8 4
P(X = 5) = P{(1, 5), (5, 1), (2, 5), (5, 2), (3, 5), (5, 3), (4, 5), (5, 4)}= =
20 10
am

Hence, probability distribution is

X 2 3 4 5
P(X) 1 2 3 4
10 10 10 10

A9. Total number of cards = 52, Number of ace cards = 4, Number of other cards = 52 – 4 = 48
Let X be the number of ace cards drawn.
 X can take the values 0, 1 or 2
4
C0  48 C2 48  47 188
 P(X = 0) = P(no ace card)= = =
52
C2 52  51 221
4
C1  48 C1 4  48  2 32
P(X = 1) = P(one ace card)= = =
52
C2 52  51 221
4
C2  48 C0 43 1
P(X = 2) = P(two ace cards) = = =
52
C2 52  51 221

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 Required probability distribution is

X 0 1 2
P(X) 188 32 1
221 221 221

Now Mean =  XP(X)

188 32 1 34 2
= 0 + 1 + 2 = =
221 221 221 221 13

A10. Consider the following events:

E = A hits the target, F = B hits the target, and G = C hits the target
4 3 2
We have, P(E) = , P(F) = and P(G) =
5 4 3
(i) Required probability = P(A, B, C all may hit)
= P(E  F  G)

m
= P(E) P(F) P(G) [ E, F, G are independent events]

co
4 3 2 2
=   =
5 4 3 5
(ii) Required probability = P(B, C may hit and A may not)

.
= P(E  F  G)
= P(E) P(F) P(G)
= 1 −    =
4 3 2 1
hs
[ E, F, G are independent events]
at
 5 4 3 10
(iii) Required probability = P(Any two of A, B and C will hit the target)
m

= P(E  F  G)  (E  F  G)  (E  F  G)
= P(E  F  G) + P(E  F  G) + P(E  F  G)
aj

= P(E) P(F) P(G) + P(E) P(F) P(G) P(G) + P(E) P(F) P(G)
aj

4 3 1 1 3 2 4 1 2 13
=   +   +   =
5 4 3 5 4 3 5 4 3 30
itb

(iv) Required probability

= P(None of A, B and C will hit the target)
= P(E  F  G)
am

= P(E) P(F) P(G)

1 1 1 1
=   =
5 4 3 60

A11. Let E1 , E2 , E3 and E be the events defined as follows :

E1 : The item is manufactured by operator A
E2 : The item is manufactured by operator B
E3 : The item is manufactured by operator C
E = The item is defective.

50 5 30 3 20 2
 P(E1 ) = = , P(E 2 ) = = , P(E 3 ) = =
100 10 100 10 100 10
E 1  E  5  E 7
P  = ; P  = ; P  =
 E1  100  E 2  100  E3  100

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(a) P( E ) = 5  1 + 3  5 + 2  7 = 34
10 100 10 100
10 100 1000

(b) Now, we have, to find P  1  (i.e., item is defective and

E
it is produced by operator A)
E
E
P(E1 ) P  
E   E1 
 P 1  =
E E  E   E
P(E1 ) P   + P(E 2 ) P   + P(E3 ) P  
 1
E  2
E  E3 
5 1

10 100 5 5
= = =
5 1 3 5 2 7 5 + 15 + 14 34
 +  + 
10 100 10 100 10 100
OR
Let A, E1 and E2 respectively be the events that a person has a heart attack, the selected person
followed the course of yoga and meditation and the person adopted the drug prescription.
40 1

m
P(A) = = 0.40, P(E1 ) = P(E 2 ) =
100 2
A A 

co
P   = 0.40 × 0.70 = 0.28, P   = 0.40 × 0.75 = 0.30
 E1   E2 
A A
(a) P( A) = P(E1 ) P   + P(E 2 ) P  

.
 E1   E2 
1 1
=  0.28 +  0.30 =
2 2
29
100 hs
at
(b) Probability that the patient suffering from heart attack followed the course of meditation and
yoga is
A
m

P(E1 ) P  
E   E1 
P 1  =
A A A
aj

P(E1 ) P   + P(E 2 ) P  
 E1   E2 
aj

1
 0.28
2 0.14 14
= = =
itb

1 1
 0.28 +  0.30 0.14 + 0.15 29
2 2
am

Amit Bajaj | amitbajajmaths.com | [email protected]

Amit Bajaj
Sr. Mathematics Faculty
CRPF Public School, Delhi
Google Certified Trainer
https://sites.google.com/view/amitbajaj
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