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    Cell Division Mitosis

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    Ashley Perez
    Cell division, also known as mitosis, is the process cells undergo to duplicate their DNA and divide into two daughter cells. It occurs in multiple phases: interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows and its DNA is replicated. In prophase, the nuclear envelope breaks down and chromosomes condense. Metaphase sees chromosomes line up at the center. Anaphase separates the chromosomes, while telophase reforms the nuclei. Finally, cytokinesis divides the cytoplasmic components between the two new daughter cells. Cell division allows cells to grow and function effectively by limiting their size.

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    Cell Division Mitosis

    Uploaded by

    Ashley Perez
    28 views37 pages
    Cell division, also known as mitosis, is the process cells undergo to duplicate their DNA and divide into two daughter cells. It occurs in multiple phases: interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows and its DNA is replicated. In prophase, the nuclear envelope breaks down and chromosomes condense. Metaphase sees chromosomes line up at the center. Anaphase separates the chromosomes, while telophase reforms the nuclei. Finally, cytokinesis divides the cytoplasmic components between the two new daughter cells. Cell division allows cells to grow and function effectively by limiting their size.

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    Cell division, also known as mitosis, is the process cells undergo to duplicate their DNA and divide into two daughter cells. It occurs in multiple phases: interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows and its DNA is replicated. In prophase, the nuclear envelope breaks down and chromosomes condense. Metaphase sees chromosomes line up at the center. Anaphase separates the chromosomes, while telophase reforms the nuclei. Finally, cytokinesis divides the cytoplasmic components between the two new daughter cells. Cell division allows cells to grow and function effectively by limiting their size.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    28 views37 pages

    Cell Division Mitosis

    Uploaded by

    Ashley Perez
    Cell division, also known as mitosis, is the process cells undergo to duplicate their DNA and divide into two daughter cells. It occurs in multiple phases: interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows and its DNA is replicated. In prophase, the nuclear envelope breaks down and chromosomes condense. Metaphase sees chromosomes line up at the center. Anaphase separates the chromosomes, while telophase reforms the nuclei. Finally, cytokinesis divides the cytoplasmic components between the two new daughter cells. Cell division allows cells to grow and function effectively by limiting their size.

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    Cell Division

    Mitosis
    Cell Division
    What is it?
    Why do
    Cells do it?
    Why is it
    important to
    me?
    Cell Division
    Also known as
    Mitosis
    Takes place in
    Regular Body Cells
    Keeps Cells Living
    and Growing
    Phases of Mitosis
    The Basic Phases
    of a Cell’s Life:
    •Interphase
    •Cell Division
    •Prophase
    •Metaphase
    •Anaphase
    •Telophase
    •Cytokinesis
    Interphase
    The longest stage
    of a Cell’s life
    The time spent
    between divisions
    Produces all
    materials required
    for growth
    Preparation for
    division
    Part of
    Interphase is
    also known
    as the G1
    Phase of the
    Cell Cycle

    (Growth
    Phase)
    The Second
    part of
    Interphase is
    known as the
    S Phase of the
    Cell Cycle
    (Synthesis
    Phase – when
    DNA
    duplicates)
    Interphase – The Cell spends the majority of
    its life here, growing and functioning. During
    the S Phase of the Cell Cycle, the DNA
    replicates, in anticipation of Mitosis
    The third part
    of the Cell
    Cycle, G2, is
    just a
    checkpoint to
    make sure the
    DNA is correct.
    Next step –

    Mitosis
    Mitosis:
    Cell Division

    The last part of


    the Cell Cycle
    is called
    Mitosis and
    has 4 phases
    during which
    the cell divides
    into 2 cells
    Prophase
    The Cell begins
    the division
    process

    1. The
    nucleolus
    disappears,
    2. The nuclear
    membrane
    breaks apart
    In Early Prophase of Mitosis the Chromosomes
    get small, centrioles move to the poles of the
    nucleus, and spindle fibers develop
    Chromosomes
    consisting of 2
    Pair of Sister
    Centrioles Chromatids

    Spindle Fibers
    Late Prophase happens when the
    Nuclear Envelope disintegrates and
    spindle fibers begin to move
    Chromosomes toward the center of cell.

    Spindle Fibers

    Chromosomes
    3. The chromosomes
    become visible

    4. The spindle
    apparatus forms
    and attaches to
    the centromeres
    of the
    chromosomes
    Metaphase
    The Second Phase
    of Mitosis

    1. The Nuclear
    Membrane is
    completely gone
    2. The duplicated
    chromosomes line
    up along the cell's
    equator.
    During Metaphase the Chromosomes line
    up across center of the cell, also called the
    equator, or Metaphase plate.

    Spindle Fibers

    Equator, or Metaphase Plate

    Chromosomes
    Anaphase

    The third phase of


    Mitosis

    Diploid sets of daughter


    chromosomes separate

    They are pushed and


    pulled toward opposite
    poles of the cell by the
    spindle fibers
    In Anaphase the Chromatids that make up each
    Chromosome move apart and travel to opposite
    ends of cellular spindle

    Daughter Chromosomes

    Chromatid

    Chromosome
    Spindle Fibers
    Telophase

    The nuclear
    membrane and
    nucleoli (nucleus)
    reform.

    Cytokinesis is
    nearly complete,
    In Telophase an envelope surrounds each set of
    Chromatids to form new Nucleus and the
    Cytoplasm starts to divide

    Cleavage Furrow
    The Cell Plate
    begins to form

    The Cell
    prepares for
    finial division
    Cytokinesis – The final stage of Mitosis
    The cytoplasm, organelles, and nuclear
    material are evenly split and two new
    cells are formed.

    Cell Plate
    Cytokinesis takes place when the Cytoplasm
    divides and two cells with identical genetic
    material are formed

    Daughter Cells
    The two new cells – each exactly like the
    other – are called Daughter Cells
    Why Do Cells Divide?

    The larger a cell


    becomes, the more
    demands the cell
    places on it's DNA.

    It also has more


    trouble moving
    enough food and
    wastes across its
    cell membrane.
    Food goes in

    The bigger
    the cell gets
    the harder it
    becomes to
    move food
    and waste
    across the
    membrane

    Waste goes out


    Protein Pumps
    This
    happens
    because the
    surface
    area and
    volume
    ratio does
    not stay the
    same as the
    cell size
    increases.
    The cell's ability
    to either get
    substances
    from the
    outside or
    eliminate waste
    from the inside
    is related to the
    surface area of
    the cell
    membrane.
    (outside)
    How much food
    and other
    material is
    required, and
    how much
    waste the cell
    produces and
    has to get rid of,
    is related to the
    volume of the
    cell. (inside)
    As a cell gets
    bigger there
    comes a time
    when its surface
    area is not large
    enough to meet
    the demands of
    the cell's volume
    and the cell stops
    growing.
    So, once cells
    reach a certain
    size they must
    divide in order to
    continue to
    function – or they
    will no longer be
    able to take in
    nutrients and
    eliminate waste.
    Quick Review – Place Cells in Mitosis Order

    A B C

    D E

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