IN THIS UNIT YOU WILL

LEARN HOW TO
• describe changes over time as shown on
a map
• use prepositions to explain location
• use past tense verb forms (active and
passive) to describe change.

I LEAD-IN I
� Which of these facilities do you expect to find on a university campus?

bank bus stop car park halls of residence

gym library laboratories lecture theatres
cafes post office tennis courts recreation area

� Look at the maps of Sunnyhill University campus in 1995 and today.

Which facilities can you see?
Sunnyhills University 1995 Sunnyhills University today

CAR BUS STOP MAIN CAR SQUASH STUDENTS'

PARK 1 RECEPTION PARK COURTS/ UNION
GYM BUS
STOP
STUDENTS'
UNION TABLE
TENNIS
TABLES

I
4!4 FOUNDER'S
BUILDING
CAR
PARK2
HALLS OF
RESIDENCE
FOUNDER'S
BUILDING
scon
LIBRARY
I
'''
4!!
HALLS OF scon TENNIS
RESIDENCE LIBRARY ARTS LABORATORIES
COURTS BUILDING
HALLS OF
RESIDENCE

44444!4!4444!4 GYM
I GRAMMAR FOCUS: PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE I
� Look again at the map of Sunnyhill University campus today. Which of these
sentences are true?
Prepositions are important in
1 The Founder's Building is between the Watson Building and the Scott Library. any task including maps. It is
2 The bus stop is in the upper right-hand corner of the campus. important to say exactly
3 The halls of residence are opposite the Students' Union. where things are located in
relation to other places.
4 There are two car parks on the campus.
5 There are two places to eat on the campus.
6 The main reception is in the middle of the campus.
7 The Students' Union moved to a different building between 1995 and today.
8 The car park was moved towards the bottom of the campus.

� Complete the sentences about the 1995 campus map using the prepositions

I I
in the box.

between in next to of of on opposite to

1 The tennis courts were _______

next to the football pitch.
2 The Founder's Building was in the middle _______
of the campus.
3 The Scott Library was between the halls of residence and the football
pitch.
4 The cafe was _______
opposite the football pitch.
5 There were two car parks on the campus.
6 The gym was in the bottom right-hand corner of the campus.
7 The Watson Building was on the left of the Founder's Building.
8 The main reception was part of the Watson Building.

� Complete the sentences to describe the map of the campus today to your partner.
You can use the expressions in the box.

between in front of in the top right-hand corner

next to on the left opposite

1 The halls of residence ...is on the left of the campus

2 The laboratories ...is between the arts building and recreation area
3 The bus stop ...is in the top right-hand corner of the campus

DODOO
4 The recreation areais ...opposite the scott library
5 next to the scott library
The table tennis tables ...
6 The Students' Union ...is in front of the scott library

UNIT 02 /WRITING •
 DESCRIBING CHANGES IN A MAP]
� Read this Writing Part 1 task.
You should spend 20 minutes on this task.

Look at the two maps of Sunnyhi/ls University campus in 1995 and today.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make
comparisons where relevant.

You should write at least 150 words.

There are three important parts in a Part 1 essay. Match the parts 1-3 with their
meanings a-c. Then find them in the

MODEL ANSWER
model answer.

1 The introductory sentence

2 The concluding sentence
3 The overview s ity
t he campus of Sunny hills U n iver
3 T he two maps s how c hanges to
a A summary of the main points an s ee that t he univ
ers ity mad e � any
between 1995 and today. We c eatio n
l uding new building
s and recr
b A description of what the changes durin� t his . eri od inc
data shows 1
facilities .
s in front of t�e Foun
der'� Building.
c Writing the most important In the gas t, t h e Scott Library wa - _
in addition , it inc r eas ed in s ize. T he
points again in different words 2 It was relocated to the right, and
s laboratories . In 1995
there was a c� r
old library buildi n g n ow contain

I I of t he cam pu s , w h erea s now t h e main

park in the top left- hand corner of
VOCABULARY s iden ce we re mov e � t he far left
to
reception is t here. T he halls of re _
bui t opp osite t h em.
ding wa l
t h e campus and a new Arts Buil
s

Find these in the model answer: and ten nis courts were demoli �hed;
T he old sports groun d, gym
relocated, increased, was builts, reat1o n a rea
1 verbs describing change h owever, in their place
t he un ivers ity created a n ew rec _ _
s . W hat is more, t�e
u n 1vers1ty
2 expressions describing where with a pond, trees an d s eating area
includin g table tenn
, s tables , a new
things are developed new spo r ts facilities , ,
built two new cafes.
in front of, between, gym and s quas h cou r ts . T hey also
changed and expanded during
The underlined words in the model So, it is clear t hat t h e university
answer are useful for any essay. Among this period.
them, find two expressions which:

1 mean 'and' what is more, in addtion

2 mean 'but' however, whereas
3 refer to time in the past, during this period
4 refer to what you see in the chart
or diagram we can see, it is clear

1!IQD
It is important to use plenty of
Find words in the model answer with these meanings. different words in the essay to show
you have a wide vocabula ry. Make a
1 moved to a different place relocated list of similar words in your
2 made (2 words) created, developed notebook and try to use them when
3 knocked down demolished writing your practice essays.
4 got bigger (2 words) increased, expanded

32
I GRAMMAR FOCUS: PAST SIMPLE - REGULAR AND IRREGULAR FORMS I
Find these past tense forms in the model answer. Which of them are irregular?
What are the infinitives of these verbs?

expanded changed created made built

increased developed moved was

These sentences could also be used to describe the maps. Put the verb in brackets
into the past tense to complete the sentences.
1 They _______ (cut) down trees to build the halls of residence.
2 The old cafe (become) the new library.
3 In 1995 students (catch} the bus outside the Students' Union.
4 The university (need) laboratories.
5 They (put} table tennis tables in front of the Scott Library.
6 There (be) not enough halls of residence in 1995.
7 They (dig} a pond in the recreation area.
8 They (plant) lots of new trees.
Two of the verbs are regular. Which ones?

I GRAMMAR FOCUS: PAST SIMPLE - ACTIVE AND PASSIVE I @ The university developed the campus during
this period. - active
Read the information about active and passive verbs. • The subject (the university) did the action.
Are sentences 1-4 about the map active or passive? • The verb is a single word (developed).
1 The library was relocated to the right of the Founder's Building. New halls of residence were built. - passive
2 They also built two new cafes. • The subject (new halls of residence) didn't
3 The university created a new recreation area. do the action (build}, but someone else did
4 The old gym and tennis courts were demolished. the action to it.
• The verb consists of two words: the correct
form of be (were) + past participle (built).
Change these sentences from active to passive.
1 The university expanded the campus. The campus was expanded.
2 They planted trees in the recreation area.
3 The authorities moved the bus stop.
4 They built a new main reception.
 EXAM SKILLS]
� Answer the task below. Take as much time as you need and try to write 150 words.
The verbs in the box may be useful. Check the meaning of any unknown words.

add build construct create develop expand move plant trees

The maps below show Co/wick Arts Centre in 2005 and today.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the
main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
2005

MEETING
ROOM

INFORMATION
DESK

WASTELAND
Today

CENTRAL
EXHIBITION
AREA

INFORMATION
DESK

Remember to:
• write an introductory sentence
• include an overview
• use the present simple and past STAGE
simple, both active and passive
OUTDOOR EXHIBITION AND
• use prepositions to explain where PERFORMANCE AREA
things are/were.