Design of The Study

3.1.
Design of the Study
A cross sectional design will be used in this study. A triangulation between quantitative and
qualitative approaches will also be used. The approaches will enable to collect and analyze both
quantitative and qualitative data chosen so as to test the relationship between independent
variable (employee turnover) and the dependent variable (Organizational Performance).
3.2. Sources of Data
Data will be obtained from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data will be obtained
using closed questionnaires that will be given to respondents and interviews that will be
conducted with CEO, Corporate Managers, and some Department Heads. Secondary data will
be obtained through documentary review checklist, internet and other sources.
3.3. Research Approach
Research approach is selected by researcher(s) based on the research purpose, the nature of the
research, the problem area, and research questions (Alhamdani et al. 2006).The research
approach in this study is chosen based on the purpose and the research questions set out to be
addressed. According to Creswell (2003) there are three basic types of research approaches,
quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approach.
Quantitative research approach is based on the philosophy of post positivism worldview. It is

also reductionist in that the intent is to reduce the ideas into a small, discrete set of ideas to test,
such as the variables that constitute hypotheses and research questions. In addition, it uses
statistical methods in describing patterns of behavior and generalizing findings from samples to
population of interest, and employs strategies of inquiry such as experiments and surveys
(Creswell 2003).
Under qualitative approach or social-constructivist worldview, inquirers generate or inductively

develop a theory or pattern of meaning rather than starting with a theory as in post positivism.
Qualitative researchers tend to use open-ended questions so that participants can express their
views and meanings are constructed by human beings as they engage with the world they are
interpreting (Creswell 2003).
Mixed research approach or pragmatist worldview is not committed to any one system of
philosophy and reality. In this approach, inquirers draw liberally from both quantitative and
qualitative assumptions. Employing this approach is used to neutralize or cancel the biases of
applying any of a single approach and a means to offset the weaknesses inherent in a single
method with the strengths of the other method (Creswell 2003).
3.4. Population and Sampling Techniques

3.4.1. Target population
This study targets a total population of 521 respondents from both Adama and Addis Ababa
branch offices; comprising of; Managing Director(1), CEO(1), Corporate Managers(5), Dept
Managers (12) Heads of sections (14), Forman (13) and Support Staff (475). This is because all
these categories of respondents are believed to be knowledgeable about employee’s turnover
and organizational performance of the company.
3.4.2. Sampling frame
Category Target Popn Sampl size Sampling Techniques

Managing Director 1 0 Purposive Sampling
CEO 1 0 Purposive Sampling
Corporate Managers 5 2 Purposive Sampling
Dept Managers 12 5 Purposive and Random Sampling
Heads of sections 14 6 Purposive and Random Sampling
Forman 13 6 Purposive and random sampling
Support Staff 475 209 Convenience and random sampling
Total 521 226
Source: researcher survey, 2022
3.4.3. Sampling technique
According to Mugenda and Mugenda (2003), sampling is a process of selecting a number of

individuals for a study in such a way that the individuals selected represent the large group from
which they were selected. The purpose of sampling is to secure a representative group which
will enable the researcher gain the necessary data that the study seeks to find. Therefore the
study will use stratified sampling method in which each stratum will be purposively determined
and elements randomly selected from each. In this study, the researcher will ensure that each
stratum is appropriately represented in a sample.
3.4.4. Sample size determination
Sekaran (2003) asserts that a sample is a subgroup or subset of population from which
researchers should be able to draw conclusions that would be general to the population of
interest. Therefore, it requires sampling with some principled decisions about who, where and
when to be studied. For this study, the sample size will be selected using Taro Yemane’s (1967)
simplified formula, where Selection of Staff will be made using convenience sampling while,
purposive sampling will be used to select Directors/Corporate Managers; and random sampling
will be utilized to choose among Heads of Departments.
A total target population in the bekas chemicals is 521,out of which this research takes sample
size as calculated using Taro Yamane’s simplified formula where sample size(n)= N/(1+N*e2)
is approximately = 226 respondents, in order for the researcher to come up with this sample
size, the use of convenience and purposive sampling techniques will be employed.
3.5. Data Collection Tools

3.5.1. Questionnaire Data
Questionnaire: This will be used to collect primary data from the respondents and will be by
self-administered questionnaires. Therefore administering of questionnaire will be a method
while questionnaires will be instruments to be employed. The method of survey using
questionnaire will be deemed appropriate since part of the questionnaire will provide
respondents a choice of picking their answers from a given set of alternatives while the other
part of the questionnaire will allow them to qualify their responses (Amin, 2005).
Interview Guide: It will involve the use of a semi-structured interview schedule/guide as an

instrument while interviewing is a method. This will be used to collect primary data from Heads
of Departments, Heads of Programs, Heads of Sections and Support Staff. The method of
interview using interview guide will be deemed appropriate since the mentioned categories of
respondents has vital information yet may fail to get enough time to fill in questionnaires
(Sekaran, 2003).
3.6. Data Analysis Tools
Quantitative data analysis will involve the use of both descriptive and inferential statistics in the
Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS). Descriptive statistics will entail determination
of measures of central tendency such as mean and measures of dispersion such as standard
deviation and percentages. Inferential statistics will include both regression and correlation
analysis. After data collection, information of same category will be coded together to be
interpreted using SPSS analytical tool, after which will be reported in writing and presented in
display. Qualitative data will be interpreted by composing explanations or descriptions from the
information. The qualitative data will be illustrated and substantiated by quotation or
descriptions.

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3.1.

Design of the Study

3.2. Sources of Data

3.3. Research Approach

Quantitative research approach is based on the philosophy of post positivism worldview. It is

Under qualitative approach or social-constructivist worldview, inquirers generate or inductively

3.4. Population and Sampling Techniques

3.4.2. Sampling frame

Category Target Popn Sampl size Sampling Techniques

Source: researcher survey, 2022

3.4.3. Sampling technique

According to Mugenda and Mugenda (2003), sampling is a process of selecting a number of

3.4.4. Sample size determination

3.5. Data Collection Tools

Interview Guide: It will involve the use of a semi-structured interview schedule/guide as an

3.6. Data Analysis Tools

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