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    Parallel Structure in A Series: Sentence

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    Anisa Rhma
    Parallel structure refers to using the same grammatical patterns for elements in a series to indicate equal importance. This can be done at the word, phrase, or clause level, and the elements are usually joined by coordinating conjunctions like "and" or "or." Maintaining parallel structure makes sentences easier to read and adds a sense of balance. It is important for elements in lists, series, pairs of ideas, outlines, and headings.

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    Parallel Structure in A Series: Sentence

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    Anisa Rhma
    51 views4 pages
    Parallel structure refers to using the same grammatical patterns for elements in a series to indicate equal importance. This can be done at the word, phrase, or clause level, and the elements are usually joined by coordinating conjunctions like "and" or "or." Maintaining parallel structure makes sentences easier to read and adds a sense of balance. It is important for elements in lists, series, pairs of ideas, outlines, and headings.

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    Parallel structure refers to using the same grammatical patterns for elements in a series to indicate equal importance. This can be done at the word, phrase, or clause level, and the elements are usually joined by coordinating conjunctions like "and" or "or." Maintaining parallel structure makes sentences easier to read and adds a sense of balance. It is important for elements in lists, series, pairs of ideas, outlines, and headings.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    51 views4 pages

    Parallel Structure in A Series: Sentence

    Uploaded by

    Anisa Rhma
    Parallel structure refers to using the same grammatical patterns for elements in a series to indicate equal importance. This can be done at the word, phrase, or clause level, and the elements are usually joined by coordinating conjunctions like "and" or "or." Maintaining parallel structure makes sentences easier to read and adds a sense of balance. It is important for elements in lists, series, pairs of ideas, outlines, and headings.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    Parallel structure means using the same pattern of words to show that two or more ideas

    have the same level of importance. This can happen at the word, phrase, or clause level.
    The usual way to join parallel structures is with the use of coordinating conjunctions such
    as "and" or "or."

    Parallel structure refers to same word pattern within a sentence by repeating a


    chosen grammatical form. It emphasizes on the same level of importance of
    multiple ideas or information given in the same sentence.
    If there are two or more numbers of information in a sentence, grammatical form
    of the first information must be followed to express the remaining ideas. In a
    parallel structure, multiple information is usually connected by
    coordinating conjunctions. A parallel structure can be constructed
    in word, phrase or clause level in different sentences.

    In English grammar, parallelism (also called parallel structure or parallel


    construction) is the repetition of the same grammatical form in two or more parts of a
    sentence.

    Maintaining parallel structure helps you avoid grammatically incorrect sentences and
    improves your writing style. Although lack of parallelism is not always strictly
    incorrect, sentences with parallel structure are easier to read and add a sense of
    balance to your writing.

    Parallel construction is most commonly used in sentences containing elements that


    appear in a series or in a pair. It is also applied to headings and outlines in academic
    writing.

    Parallel structure in a series


    Use parallel construction when items in a series have an equal level of importance.
    These items are usually joined by commas or semicolons along with and or or.

    Parallel words
    On the word level, a noun should be grouped with other nouns, an adjective with
    other adjectives, and so on.

    Not parallel Parallel

    The company is looking for a candidate who The company is looking for a candidate who
    is friendly, organized, meticulous, and is going to arrive to work is friendly, organized, meticulous, and punctual.
    on time.

    When a series is composed of verbs, do not mix forms. For example, mixing an
    infinitive (a verb beginning with to) with a gerund (a verb form ending in -ing) breaks
    parallel structure.
    Not parallel Parallel

    The participants in the workshop learned how The participants in the workshop learned how
    to communicate, negotiate, and working collaboratively for the to communicate, negotiate, and work collaboratively for the
    most effective outcome. most effective outcome.

    The participants in the workshop learned


    about communicating, negotiating, and working
    collaboratively for the most effective outcome.

    Parallel phrases
    Parallel structure should be used to balance a series of phrases with the same
    grammatical structure.

    For example, avoid mixing noun phrases with verb phrases.

    Not parallel Parallel

    Initial trials showed that exposure to the chemical Initial trials showed that exposure to the chemical
    caused memory problems, intermittent dizziness, and deters caused memory problems, intermittent dizziness, and insom
    sleep.

    As with a series of verbs, a series of verb phrases should use parallel forms. Do not
    mix phrases based on an infinitive with phrases based on -ing verbs.

    Not parallel Parallel

    Her main duties were answering phone calls, filing records, Her main duties were answering phone calls, filing records,
    and to conduct visitor surveys. and conducting visitor surveys.

    Parallel clauses
    Parallelism is also applicable to a series of clauses in a sentence.

    Not parallel Parallel

    The report card stated that the student often talked in class, that The report card stated that the student often talked in class, 
    he bullied other students, and rarely finished his homework. he bullied other students, and that he rarely finished his
    homework.

    The report card stated that the student often talked in


    class, bullied other students, and rarely finished his homewo

    Lists after a colon


    A list that follows a colon should always have parallel elements.
    Not parallel Parallel

    Mainstream economists have attributed the recession to several Mainstream economists have attributed the recession to sev
    key causes: deregulation policies, spike in interest key causes: the enactment of deregulation policies, the spik
    rates, manufacturing orders declining, and the emergence of interest rates, the decline in manufacturing orders, and the
    asset bubbles. emergence of asset bubbles.

    Mainstream economists have attributed the recession to sev


    key causes: deregulation policies, high interest rates, low
    manufacturing orders, and asset bubbles.

    Parallel construction in pairs


    Use parallel construction when a sentence contains a pair of connected ideas.

    Pairs can be connected by coordinating conjunctions, which


    include and, nor, but, or and yet.

    Not parallel Parallel

    She planned to collect data by either using an online She planned to collect data by either using an online
    survey or phone interviews. survey or conducting phone interviews.

    She planned to collect data through either online


    surveys or phone interviews.
    Use parallel structure when a pair of ideas are linked by a correlative conjunction,
    such as not only…but also, either…or, and neither…nor.

    Not parallel Parallel

    His paper argues that the distinctive divergence in the two His paper argues that the distinctive divergence in the two
    artists’ styles was not only shaped by their mutual rivalry but artists’ styles was shaped not only by their mutual rivalry bu
    also because of the idiosyncratic tastes of patrons. also by the idiosyncratic tastes of patrons.

    The same rule applies to pairs connected by a word of comparison, such


    as over, than or as.

    Not parallel Parallel

    He prefers movie nights at home over going to loud house He prefers movie nights at home over loud house parties.
    parties.

    He prefers hosting movie nights at home over going to loud


    house parties.

    Outlines and headings


    Headings that divide a paper into sections should be parallel. Likewise, parallel
    structure should be applied to elements in paper outlines.

    Not parallel Parallel

    1. Origin of homeopathy 1. Origin of homeopathy


    2. Initial reception 2. Initial reception
    3. Rising to popularity in the 19th century 3. Rise to popularity in the 19th century
    4. Recent studies show lack of evidence 4. Lack of evidence in recent studies

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