Solutions to CSEC Maths P2 June 2017

Question 1(a)(i)

1 2 4 13 7 4
(4 3 − 1 5) ÷ 15 = ( 3 − 5) ÷ 15

1 2 4 (5×13)−(7×3) 4
(4 3 − 1 5) ÷ 15 = ( ) ÷ 15
15

1 2 4 65−21 4
(4 3 − 1 5) ÷ 15 = ( ) ÷ 15
15

1 2 4 44 4
(4 3 − 1 5) ÷ 15 = 15 ÷ 15

1 2 4 44 15
(4 − 1 ) ÷ = ×
3 5 15 15 4

1 2 4
(4 3 − 1 5) ÷ 15 = 11 (in exact form)

Question 1(a)(ii)

(3.1−1.15)2 (1.95)2
=
0.005 0.005

(3.1−1.15)2 3.8025
=
0.005 0.005

(3.1−1.15)2
= 760.5 (in exact form)
0.005

Question 1(b)(i)

Under Plan A,

Total cost of phone = Deposit + (Monthly installments × # of months) + Tax

Total cost of phone = $400 + ($65 × 12) + $0

Total cost of phone = $400 + $780

Total cost of phone = $1180

Question 1(b)(ii)

Required to determine which plan is the better deal.

Under Plan B,
Total cost of phone = Deposit + (Monthly installments × # of months) + Tax

Total cost of phone = $600 + ($80 × 6) + 0.05(600 + (80 × 6))

Total cost of phone = $600 + $480 + 0.05(600 + 480)

Total cost of phone = $1134

Plan B is the better deal as it has an overall cost ($1180 − $1134 = $46) cheaper than

that of Plan A.

Question 1(c)(i)

Number of 𝑘𝑊ℎ used = Final reading on 31st March – Initial reading on 1st March

Number of 𝑘𝑊ℎ used = 0 3 3 0 7 − 0 3 0 1 1

Number of 𝑘𝑊ℎ used = 296 𝑘𝑊ℎ

If 1 𝑘𝑊ℎ costs $5.10

Then 296 𝑘𝑊ℎ cost $5.10 × 296

= $1509.60

Therefore, John pays $1509.60 for electricity consumption for the month of March 2016.

Question 1(c)(ii)

$2351.10
Number of 𝑘𝑊ℎ used on April = $5.10

Number of 𝑘𝑊ℎ used on April = 461 𝑘𝑊ℎ

At the end of April, the meter reading should read = 0 3 3 0 7 + 4 6 1

At the end of April, the meter reading should read = 0 3 7 6 8

Question 2(a)(i)

= 6𝑦 2 − 18𝑥𝑦

= 6𝑦(𝑦 − 3𝑥)

Question 2(a)(ii)

= 4𝑚2 − 1

= (2𝑚 + 1)(2𝑚 − 1) (difference of two squares)

Question 2(a)(iii)

= 2𝑡 2 − 3𝑡 − 2

= 2𝑡 2 − 4𝑡 + 𝑡 − 2

= 2𝑡(𝑡 − 2) + 1(𝑡 − 2)

= (2𝑡 + 1)(𝑡 − 2)

Question 2(b)

5𝑝+2 3𝑝−1
= −
3 4

4(5𝑝+2)−3(3𝑝−1)
= 12

20𝑝+8−9𝑝+3
= 12

20𝑝−9𝑝+8+3
= 12

11𝑝+11
= 12

11(𝑝+1)
= 12
Question 2(c)(i)

4ℎ
𝑑 =√5

When ℎ = 29,

4(29)
𝑑=√ 5

116
𝑑=√ 5

𝑑 = √23.2

𝑑 = 4.82 (to 3 significant figures)

Question 2(c)(ii)

Required to make ℎ the subject of the formula.

4ℎ
𝑑 =√5

Squaring both sides gives:

4ℎ
𝑑2 = 5

5𝑑 2 = 4ℎ

5𝑑2
ℎ= 4
Question 3(a)(i)

The universal set is 𝑈 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11}

The members of set 𝑀 = {𝑜𝑑𝑑 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠}

The members of set 𝑀 = {3, 5, 7, 9, 11}

Question 3(a)(ii)

The members of set 𝑅 = {𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠}

The members of set 𝑅 = {4, 9}

Question 3(a)(iii)

The Venn diagram is as follows:

𝑀 𝑅
3
5
4
9

11
7

10 8 6
Question 3(b)(i) and (ii)

Question 3(b)(iii)

The length of 𝐵𝑄 = 6.9 𝑐𝑚.

Question 4(a)(i)

1
𝑓(3) = 3 (3) − 2

𝑓(3) = 1 − 2

𝑓(3) = −1

1
𝑓(−3) = 3 (−3) − 2

𝑓(−3) = −1 − 2

𝑓(−3) = −3

∴ 𝑓(3) + 𝑓(−3) = −1 + (−3)

∴ 𝑓(3) + 𝑓(−3) = −1 − 3

∴ 𝑓(3) + 𝑓(−3) = −4

Question 4(a)(ii)

𝑓(𝑥) = 5
1
∴ 3𝑥 − 2 = 5

1
𝑥 =5+2
3

1
𝑥=7
3

𝑥 = 7×3

𝑥 = 21

Question 4(a)(iii)

1
𝑓(𝑥) = 3 𝑥 − 5
Let 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥).
1
𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 5

Interchange the variables 𝑥 and 𝑦.

1
𝑥 = 3𝑦 − 5

Make 𝑦 the subject of the formula.

1
𝑥 + 5 = 3𝑦

𝑦 = 3(𝑥 + 2)

𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 6

∴ 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 3𝑥 + 6

Question 4(b)(i)

For the line 𝑙1, two points are (0, 1) and (2, 5).
𝑦 −𝑦
Gradient of line 𝑙1 = 𝑥2−𝑥1
2 1

5−1
Gradient of line 𝑙1 = 2−0

4
Gradient of line 𝑙1 = 2

Gradient of line 𝑙1 = 2

For the line 𝑙2 , two points are (12, 0) and (0, 6).
𝑦 −𝑦
Gradient of line 𝑙2 = 𝑥2−𝑥1
2 1

6−0
Gradient of line 𝑙2 = 0−12

6
Gradient of line 𝑙2 = −12

1
Gradient of line 𝑙2 = − 2
Question 4(b)(ii)

The general equation of a straight line is of the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐.

Gradient of line 𝑙1 = 2

𝑦-intercept of line 𝑙1 = 1

∴ The equation of the line 𝑙1 is 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1.

Question 4(b)(iii)

Gradient of line 𝑙1 = 2
1
Gradient of line 𝑙2 = − 2

The gradient of line 𝑙2 is the negative reciprocal of the gradient of line 𝑙1 .

Therefore, line 𝑙1 is perpendicular to line 𝑙2 .

Question 5(a)(i)

The base angles of the isosceles triangle 𝑅𝑄𝑇 are equal.

∴ Angle 𝑅𝑇𝑄 = 76°

The sum of the interior angles in a triangle add up to 180°.

∴ Angle 𝑅𝑄𝑇 = 180° − (76° + 76°)

∴ Angle 𝑅𝑄𝑇 = 28°

Question 5(a)(ii)

The base angles of the isosceles triangle 𝑅𝑄𝑃 are equal.

∴ Angle 𝑄𝑃𝑅 = Angle 𝑄𝑅𝑃

The exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the interior opposite angles.

Angle 𝑄𝑃𝑅 + Angle 𝑄𝑅𝑃 = 28°

28°
Angle 𝑄𝑅𝑃 = 2

Angle 𝑄𝑅𝑃 = 14°

Hence,

Angle 𝑃𝑅𝑇 = Angle 𝑄𝑅𝑃 + Angle 𝑄𝑅𝑇

Angle 𝑃𝑅𝑇 = 14° + 76°

Angle 𝑃𝑅𝑇 = 90°

Question 5(a)(iii)

Angle 𝑆𝑅𝑃 = 145° − 90°

Angle 𝑆𝑅𝑃 = 55°

The sum of the interior angles in a triangle is 180°.

Angle 𝑆𝑃𝑅 = 180° − (100° + 55°)

Angle 𝑆𝑃𝑅 = 25°

Hence,

Angle 𝑆𝑃𝑇 = 25° + 14°

Angle 𝑆𝑃𝑇 = 39°

Question 5(b)(i)

𝐴′𝐵′𝐶′ is a 90° clockwise rotation of 𝐴𝐵𝐶 about the origin, 𝑂.

Question 5(b)(ii)

4
Translating ∆𝐴′𝐵′𝐶′ through the vector ( ).
−5
Question 6(a)(i)

𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟
Radius = 2

28
Radius = 2

Radius = 14 𝑚

𝜃
Area of the field = 360° 𝜋𝑟 2

90° 22
Area of the field = 360° × × (14)2
7

1 22
Area of the field = 4 × × 14 × 14
7

Area of the field = 154 𝑚2

Question 6(a)(ii)

90
Perimeter of the field = (2 × 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠) + (360 × 𝜋 × 𝑑)

1 22
Perimeter of the field = (2 × 14) + (4 × × 28)
7

Perimeter of the field = 50 𝑚

Question 6(b)(i)

Using Pythagoras’ Theorem,

𝐵𝐶 2 = 𝐴𝐶 2 + 𝐴𝐵 2

(10)2 = 𝐴𝐶 2 + (6)2

100 = 𝐴𝐶 2 + 36

𝐴𝐶 2 = 100 − 36

𝐴𝐶 2 = 64

𝐴𝐶 = 8 𝑐𝑚
 𝑏ℎ
Area of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 2

6×8
Area of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 2

48
Area of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 2

Area of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 24 𝑐𝑚2

Question 6(b)(ii)

Volume of the prism = Area of cross-section × Length of prism

540 = 24 × Length of prism

540
Length of prism = 24

Length of prism = 22.5 𝑐𝑚

Question 6(b)(iii)

Surface area of the prism = Sum of the area of all five sides

𝑏ℎ
Area of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 2

6×8
Area of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 2

48
Area of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 2

Area of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 24 𝑐𝑚2

𝑏ℎ
Area of ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹 = 2

6×8
Area of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 2

48
Area of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 2

Area of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 24 𝑐𝑚2

Area of rectangle 𝐴𝐵𝐸𝐷 = 6 × 22.5

Area of rectangle 𝐴𝐵𝐸𝐷 = 135 𝑐𝑚2

Area of rectangle 𝐴𝐷𝐹𝐸 = 8 × 22.5

Area of rectangle 𝐴𝐷𝐹𝐸 = 180 𝑐𝑚2

Area of rectangle 𝐵𝐸𝐹𝐶 = 10 × 22.5

Area of rectangle 𝐵𝐸𝐹𝐶 = 225 𝑐𝑚2

Hence, the surface area of the prism = 24 + 24 + 135 + 180 + 225

Hence, the surface area of the prism = 588 𝑐𝑚2

Question 7(a)(i)

The upper class limit is 39.

Question 7(a)(ii)

The class width is (39.5 − 19.5) = 20.

Question 7(a)(iii)

Sixteen vehicles passed a checkpoint at no more than 39.5 𝑘𝑚ℎ−1.

Question 7(b)

Speed (𝒌𝒎𝒉−𝟏 ) Frequency Cumulative Frequency

0-19 5 5

20-39 11 16

40-59 26 42

60-79 37 79

80-99 9 88

100-119 2 90
Question 7(c)

The cumulative frequency curve is shown below.

Question 7(d)(i)

50% of the 90 vehicles = 45 vehicles.

Question 7(d)(ii)

The estimated speed is 62 𝑘𝑚ℎ−1.

Question 8(a)

Figure 4 of the sequence is shown below:

Question 8(b)

The number of dots in Figure 6 = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6

The number of dots in Figure 6 = 21

Question 8(c)

Figure, 𝒏 Number of Dots, 𝒅, in terms of 𝒏 Number of Dots Used, 𝒅

1
1 × 1 × (1 + 1) 1
2

1
2 × 2 × (2 + 1) 3
2

1
3 × 3 × (3 + 1) 6
2

1
11 × 11 × (11 + 1) 66
2

𝑛
Question 8(d)

Required to determine which figure in the sequence has 210 dots.

1
𝑛(𝑛 + 1) = 210
2

𝑛(𝑛 + 1) = 420

𝑛(𝑛 + 1) = 20(20 + 1)

∴ 𝑛 = 20

So, Figure 20 has 210 dots.

Question 8(e)

Required to write a simplified algebraic expression for the number of dots, 𝑑, in the

Figure 𝑛.

Figure, 𝒏 Number of Dots, 𝒅, in terms of 𝒏 Number of Dots Used, 𝒅

1
1 × 1 × (1 + 1) 1
2

1
2 × 2 × (2 + 1) 3
2

1
3 × 3 × (3 + 1) 6
2

1
11 × 11 × (11 + 1) 66
2

1 1
𝑛 × 𝑛 × (𝑛 + 1) 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)
2 2
Question 8(f)

1
Let 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) = 1000
2

𝑛(𝑛 + 1) = 2000

There are no two consecutive integers, 𝑛 and 𝑛 + 1 being consecutive integers, whose

product is exactly 2000.

Therefore, no diagram has 1000 dots.

Question 9(a)(i)(a)

Points are: 𝑂(0, 0) and 𝐴(25, 10)

𝑦 −𝑦
Gradient of 𝑂𝐴 = 𝑥2−𝑥1
2 1

10−0
Gradient of 𝑂𝐴 = 25−0

10
Gradient of 𝑂𝐴 = 25

2
Gradient of 𝑂𝐴 = 5

Question 9(a)(i)(b)

Points are: 𝐴(25, 10) and 𝐵(40, 10)

𝑦 −𝑦
Gradient of 𝐴𝐵 = 𝑥2−𝑥1
2 1

10−10
Gradient of 𝑂𝐴 = 40−25

0
Gradient of 𝑂𝐴 =
15

Gradient of 𝑂𝐴 = 0

Question 9(a)(ii)

The cyclist started from rest, where his velocity was ……....0………𝑚𝑠 −1 , and steadily
2
increased his velocity by …… 5 ……𝑚𝑠 −1 each second during the first 25 seconds. During

the next 15 seconds, his velocity remained constant, that is, his acceleration was

……. 0 ……..𝑚𝑠 −2 .
Question 9(a)(iii)

Total distance = Area under the graph

1
Total distance = 2 [(40 − 25) + (40 − 0)] × 10

1
Total distance = 2 (15 + 40) × 10

Total distance = 275 𝑚

𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑

Average speed = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛

275
Average speed = 40

Average speed = 6.875 𝑚𝑠 −1

Question 9(b)(i)

𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 = 5 → Equation 1

𝑥+𝑦 =3 → Equation 2

Substituting (1, 2) into Equation 1 gives:

(1)2 + 2(1)(2) = 1 + 4

(1)2 + 2(1)(2) = 5

Therefore, (1, 2) is a solution for Equation 1.

Substituting (1, 2) into Equation 2 gives:

1+2=3

Therefore, (1, 2) is a solution for Equation 2.

Hence, (1, 2) is a solution for the pair of simultaneous equations.

Question 9(b)(ii)

𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 = 5 → Equation 1

𝑥+𝑦 =3 → Equation 2

Rearranging Equation 2 gives:

𝑦 = 3−𝑥 → Equation 3

Substituting Equation 3 into Equation 1 gives:

𝑥 2 + 2𝑥(3 − 𝑥) = 5

𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 2𝑥 2 = 5

−𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 = 5

𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 5 = 0

𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 𝑥 + 5 = 0

𝑥(𝑥 − 5) − 1(𝑥 − 5) = 0

(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 5) = 0

Either 𝑥−1=0 or 𝑥−5=0

𝑥=1 𝑥=5

We already know that (1, 2) is one solution.

When 𝑥 = 5,

𝑦 = 3−5

𝑦 = −2

∴ The other solution is (5, −2).

Question 10(a)(i)

The opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary.

∠𝑆𝑃𝑄 = 180° − 58°

∠𝑆𝑃𝑄 = 122°

Question 10(a)(ii)

The angle subtended by a chord at the center of a circle, is twice the angle that the chord

subtends at the circumference, standing on the same arc.

∠𝑆𝑂𝑄 = 2(58°)

∠𝑆𝑂𝑄 = 116°

Question 10(b)(i)

The diagram is as follows:

𝐵 105°

𝐶
44°

𝐴
Question 10(b)(ii)

Alternate angles are equal.

∠𝐴𝐵𝑆 = 44°

Two angles which make a straight line are supplementary.

∠𝐶𝐵𝑆 = 180° − 105°

∠𝐶𝐵𝑆 = 75°

∴ ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 44° + 75°

∴ ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 119°

Question 10(b)(iii)

By the cosine rule:

𝐴𝐶 2 = (52)2 + (72)2 − 2(52)(72) cos 119°

𝐴𝐶 2 = 2704 + 5184 − (−3630.25)

𝐴𝐶 2 = 11518.25

𝐴𝐶 = √11518.25

𝐴𝐶 = 107 𝑘𝑚 (to the nearest 𝑘𝑚)

Question 10(b)(iv)

Co-interior angles are supplementary.

∠𝐵𝐶𝑁 = 75°

By the sine rule:

 52 107.3
= sin 119°
sin 𝐴𝐶̂ 𝐵

52 sin 119°
sin 𝐴𝐶̂ 𝐵 = 107.3

sin 𝐴𝐶̂ 𝐵 = 0.434

𝐴𝐶̂ 𝐵 = sin−1(0.434)

𝐴𝐶̂ 𝐵 = 25.07°

The bearing of 𝐴 from 𝐶 = 360° − (75° + 25.07°)

The bearing of 𝐴 from 𝐶 = 260° (to the nearest degree)

Question 11(a)(i)

3 2 4 0
𝐴𝐵 = ( )( )
5 4 3 −1

(3 × 4) + (2 × 3) (3 × 0) + (2 × −1)
𝐴𝐵 = ( )
(5 × 4) + (4 × 3) (5 × 0) + (4 × −1)

12 + 6 0−2
𝐴𝐵 = ( )
20 + 12 0−4

18 −2
𝐴𝐵 = ( )
32 −4

4 0 3 2
𝐵𝐴 = ( )( )
3 −1 5 4

(4 × 3) + (0 × 5) (4 × 2) + (0 × 4)
𝐵𝐴 = ( )
(3 × 3) + (−1 × 5) (3 × 2) + (−1 × 4)

12 + 0 8 + 0
𝐵𝐴 = ( )
9−5 6−4

12 8
𝐵𝐴 = ( )
4 2

18 −2 12 8
Since ( )≠( ) , then 𝐴𝐵 ≠ 𝐵𝐴.
32 −4 4 2

Question 11(a)(ii)

det 𝐴 = 𝑎𝑑 − 𝑏𝑐

det 𝐴 = (3)(4) − (2)(5)

det 𝐴 = 12 − 10

det 𝐴 = 2

𝑑 −𝑏
𝑎𝑑𝑗 𝐴 = ( )
−𝑐 𝑎
4 −2
𝑎𝑑𝑗 𝐴 = ( )
−5 3
 1 4 −2
𝐴−1 = 2 ( )
−5 3
4 −2
2 2
𝐴−1 = (−5 3 )
2 2

2 −1
𝐴−1 = (− 5 3 )
2 2

Question 11(a)(iii)

𝐴𝐴−1 = 𝐼

1 0
∴𝐼=( )
0 1

Question 11(b)(i)

3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 1

5𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 5

In matrix form,

3 2 𝑥 1
( )( ) = ( )
5 4 𝑦 5

Question 11(b)(ii)

3 2 𝑥 1
( )( ) = ( )
5 4 𝑦 5

𝑥 3 2 −1 1
(𝑦 ) = ( ) ( )
5 4 5
𝑥 1
(𝑦) = 𝐴−1 ( )
5

𝑥 2 −1 1
(𝑦 ) = ( − 5 3 ) ( )
2 2 5
Question 11(c)(i)

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = (5)
𝑂𝑄
0

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 3 (5)
𝑄𝑆
0

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 15
𝑄𝑆 = ( )
0

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑂𝑄
𝑂𝑆 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝑄𝑆
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 5 15
𝑂𝑆 = ( ) + ( )
0 0
𝑥
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = (20)
𝑂𝑆 which is of the form (𝑦), where 𝑥 = 20 and 𝑦 = 0
0

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑃𝑂
𝑃𝑄 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝑂𝑄
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = − (4) + (5)

𝑃𝑄
3 0

1 𝑥
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝑄 = ( ) which is of the form (𝑦), where 𝑥 = 1 and 𝑦 = −3
−3

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝑅 = 3𝑂𝑃

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 3 (4)
𝑃𝑅
3

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 12
𝑃𝑅 = ( )
9

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑂𝑅 𝑂𝑃 + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝑅

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = (4) + (12)

𝑂𝑅
3 9

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = (16)
𝑂𝑅
12
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑅𝑆 = 𝑅𝑂 𝑂𝑆

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = − (16) + (20)

𝑅𝑆
12 0

4 𝑥
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑅𝑆 = ( ) which is of the form (𝑦), where 𝑥 = 4 and 𝑦 = −12
−12

Question 11(c)(ii)

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 1
𝑃𝑄 = ( )
−3

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ( 4 )
𝑅𝑆
−12

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 1
𝑅𝑆 = 4 ( )
−3

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑅𝑆 = 4 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝑄

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ is a scalar multiple of 𝑃𝑄

Hence, 𝑅𝑆 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ .

Therefore, ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑅𝑆 and ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝑄 are parallel.