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    Practical Task 4 Thermodynamics

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    Practical Task 4 Thermodynamics

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    Practical task 4 untuk subject thermodynamics POLITEEKNIK EDITION

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    Practical Task 4 Thermodynamics

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    of 4

    DJJ2073 - THERMODYNAMICS

    PRACTICAL TASK : 4
    TITLE : SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
    DURATION : 2 HOURS
    PAGE : 1 0F 4

    1.0 Experiment outcomes

    At the end of the lab session students should be able:


    1.1 To explain the basic Steam Plant.
    1.2 To discuss the Steam Plant system efficiency using Carnot and Rankine cycle.

    2.0 Theory

    A Steam Plant is a power plant in which the prime mover is steam driven. Water is heated, turns into
    steam and spins a steam turbine which drives an electrical generator. After it passes through the turbine,
    the steam is condensed in a condenser and recycled to where it was heated; this is known as a Rankine
    cycle. The greatest variation in the design of thermal power stations is due to the different fuel sources

    3.0 Apparatus/Equipments

    3.1 Boiler

    4.0 Safety Precautions

    4.1 Wear suitable attire when in the lab.


    4.2 Be careful when handling the hot water.
    4.3 Always obey to the Lecturer/Lab Assistant instructions.

    5.0 Procedures

    5.1 Sketch the schematic diagram of a basic Steam Plant.

    5.2 Briefly explain the processes in the basic Steam Plant.

    5.3 Sketch the T-s diagram of Carnot and Rankine Cycle.

    5.4 Fill in the data in the table 1.

    5.5 Calculate the cycle efficiency and specific steam consumption based on the data in the table by
    neglecting the work required by the feed pump.
    DJJ2073 - THERMODYNAMICS

    PRACTICAL TASK : 4
    TITLE : SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
    DURATION : 2 HOURS
    PAGE : 2 0F 4

    6.0 Result

    Symbol Unit Carnot Cycle Rankine Cycle


    Boiler pressure Pboiler bar 42 42

    Condenser pressure Pcondenser bar 0.05 0.05

    Boiler Steam temperature T1 °C 500

    Enthalpy at 1 h1 kJ/kg

    Enthalpy at 2 h2 kJ/kg
    Enthalpy at 3 h3 kJ/kg
    Enthalpy at 4 h4 kJ/kg

    Entropy at 1 s1 kJ/kgK

    Entropy at 2 s2 kJ/kgK

    Entropy at 3 s3 kJ/kgK

    Entropy at 4 s4 kJ/kgK

    Table 1

    7.0 Discussion

    SCEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR BASIC STEAM PLANT :


    DJJ2073 - THERMODYNAMICS

    PRACTICAL TASK : 4
    TITLE : SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
    DURATION : 2 HOURS
    PAGE : 3 0F 4

    BASIC STEAM PLANT PROCESS :


    Process 1-2:

    Process 2-3:

    Process 3-4:

    Process 4-1:

    T-S DIAGRAM
    CARNOT CYCLE RANKINE CYCLE

    Parameter Unit CARNOT CYCLE RANKINE CYCLE

    Cycle efficiency %
    Specific steam
    kg/kWh
    consumption
    DJJ2073 - THERMODYNAMICS

    PRACTICAL TASK : 4
    TITLE : SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
    DURATION : 2 HOURS
    PAGE : 4 0F 4

    8.0 Conclusion and Recommendation

    Make a conclusion based on your results and observations. Your conclusion should be related to your
    practical and theoretical understanding on the related topic.

    9.0 References

    Yunus A. Cengel, Michael A. Boles (1998) Thermodynamics : An Engineering Approach. McGraw Hill.

    Prepared by: Verified by:

    (Course Coordinator) (DDA/HoD/HoP/Course Head/Lecturer)

    Date: Date:

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