This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: B196/B196M − 18

Standard Specification for

Copper-Beryllium Alloy Rod and Bar1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B196/B196M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.

1. Scope* 2.2 ASTM Standards:2

1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for B194 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Plate, Sheet,
copper-beryllium alloy rod and bar in straight lengths. The Strip, and Rolled Bar
following three alloys are included: B249/B249M Specification for General Requirements for
Wrought Copper and Copper-Alloy Rod, Bar, Shapes and
Copper Alloy Previously Used Nominal Beryllium
UNS No. Designations Content, % Forgings
B601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copper and
C17000 Alloy 165 1.7 Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
C17200 Alloy 25 1.9
C17300 1.9 B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
+0.4 lead E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
1.2 Unless otherwise required, Copper Alloy UNS No. terials
C17200 shall be the alloy furnished whenever Specification
B196/B196M is specified without any alloy designation. 3. General Requirements
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pounds or SI units are to 3.1 The following sections of Specification B249/B249M
be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SI constitute a part of this specification:
units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system 3.1.1 Terminology;
may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be 3.1.2 Dimensions and Permissible Variations;
used independently of the other. Combining values from the 3.1.3 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance;
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi- 3.1.4 Sampling;
cation. 3.1.5 Number of Tests and Retests;
3.1.6 Specimen Preparation;
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.1.7 Test Methods;
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 3.1.8 Significance of Numerical Limits;
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 3.1.9 Inspection;
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- 3.1.10 Rejection and Rehearing;
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 3.1.11 Certification;
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- 3.1.12 Mill Test Report;
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- 3.1.13 Packaging and Package Marking; and
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 3.1.14 Heat Identification
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to that
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. referenced in 3.1 above appears in this specification, it contains
additional requirements which supplement those appearing in
2. Referenced Documents Specification B249/B249M.
2.1 The following documents in the current issue of the
Book of Standards form a part of this specification to the extent 4. Terminology
referenced herein: 4.1 For terms related to copper and copper alloys, refer to
Terminology B846.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper
and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.02 on Rod,
2
Bar, Wire, Shapes and Forgings. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved March 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1945 to replace portions of B120 – 41 T. Last previous edition approved Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
in 2013 as B196/B196M-07(2013)ɛ1. DOI: 10.1520/B0196_B0196M-18. the ASTM website.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

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 B196/B196M − 18
4.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: designation specified in the ordering information.
4.2.1 Heat—A heat shall be the result of castings poured 7.2 These composition limits do not preclude the presence
simultaneously from the same source of molten metal. of other elements. Limits for unnamed elements may be
4.2.2 Lot—The lot shall be a heat or fraction thereof. established and analysis required by agreement between the
manufacturer, or supplier, and purchaser.
5. Ordering Information
7.3 Copper is customarily given as remainder, but may be
5.1 Orders for products should include the following taken as the difference between the sum of all elements
information, as applicable: analyzed and 100 %.
5.1.1 ASTM specification designation and year of issue,
5.1.2 Quantity, 7.4 When all the elements in Table 1 are determined, the
5.1.3 Copper Alloy UNS No. designation (Section 1), sum of results shall be 99.5 % min.
5.1.4 Form of material (rod or bar and cross section, such as
round, hexagonal, and so forth), 8. Temper
5.1.5 Temper (Section 8), 8.1 The standard temper designations available under this
5.1.6 Dimensions (diameter or distance between parallel specification and as specified in Classification B601 are solu-
surfaces, and length), tion heat-treated TB00 (A), and cold-drawn hard TD04 (H),
5.1.7 How furnished (stock or specific lengths, with or (see Table 2) to be precipitation heat treated by the user. Also
without ends), and available are products already precipitation heat treated by the
5.1.8 When material is ordered for agencies of the U.S. manufacturer, tempers TF00 (AT) and TH04 (HT). These
government (See Section 11). products meet property requirements in Table 3 and normally
5.2 The following options are available and should be require no further heat treatment by the user.
specified in the contract or purchase order when required:
9. Precipitation Heat Treatment
5.2.1 Type of edge (square corners, rounded corners,
rounded edge, full-rounded edge), 9.1 The precipitation heat treatment is performed on TB00
5.2.2 Mechanical properties (tension test and hardness) (A) and TD04 (H) tempers by the purchaser, after machining or
(Section 10), forming.
5.2.3 Certification, and 9.2 Conformance to the TF00 (AT) and TH04 (HT) speci-
5.2.4 Mill Test Report. fication limits shown in Table 3, for products supplied in the
TB00 (A) or the TD04 (H) tempers, shall be determined by
6. Materials and Manufacture testing test specimens heat treated at a uniform temperature of
6.1 Material: 600 to 675 °F [316 to 357 °C] for the times shown in Table 4.
6.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be Copper Alloy 9.3 End products may be heat treated at other times and
UNS No. C17000, C17200, or C17300, cast and worked and of temperatures for specific applications. These special combina-
such purity and soundness as to be suitable for processing into tions of properties such as increased ductility, electrical
the products prescribed herein. conductivity, dimensional accuracy, endurance life, and resis-
6.1.2 Heat traceability shall be maintained and reported on tance to elastic drift and hysteresis in springs, may be obtained
the Mill Test Report or Certification. by special precipitation-hardening heat treatments. The me-
6.2 Manufacture: chanical requirements of Table 3 do not apply to such special
6.2.1 The product shall be produced with a combination hot heat treatments. Specific test requirements as needed shall be
working, cold working, and thermal processing to produce a agreed upon between the manufacturer or supplier and pur-
uniform wrought structure and the specified temper. chaser of the end product.
7. Chemical Composition 9.4 TF00 (AT) and TH04 (HT) tempers as standard mill-
hardened products have been precipitation heat treated and
7.1 The material shall conform to the chemical composition tested by the manufacturer for conformance to the specification
requirements prescribed in Table 1 for Copper Alloy UNS No. limits shown in Table 3. Further thermal treatments of these
tempers are not normally required.
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition,%
10. Mechanical Property Requirements
Element Copper Alloy UNS No. 10.1 Tensile Test Requirements:
C17000 C17200 C17300 10.1.1 The tension test, in accordance with Test Methods
Beryllium 1.60–1.85 1.80–2.00 1.80–2.00 E8/E8M, shall be the standard test for rod (round, hexagonal,
Nickel + cobalt, min 0.20 0.20 0.20 and octagonal) and bar (square) having a nominal diameter or
Nickel + cobalt 0.6 0.6 0.6
+ iron, max distance between parallel surfaces up to 3⁄8 in. [10 mm] incl,
Aluminum, max 0.20 0.20 0.20 and other shapes having a nominal cross-sectional area up to
Silicon, max 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.141 in.2 [100 mm2], incl. The tensile strength requirements
Lead ... ... 0.20–0.6
Copper remainder remainder remainder shall be prescribed in Table 2 and Table 3 after precipitation
heat treatment in accordance with 8.1.

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 B196/B196M − 18
TABLE 2 Solution Heat-Treated and Solution Heat-Treated and Cold-Worked Mechanical Property Requirements

Temper Designation Diameter or Maximum

Distance Between Tensile Tensile Rockwell Elongation in
Standard Former Parallel Surfaces Strength, Strength, Yield Strength, min Hardness, 4 × D,A
in. mm ksi MPa 0.2 % offset, ksi MPa B Scale min, %
TB00 Solution heat treated (A) all sizes all sizes 60–85 410–590 20 140 45–85 20

TD04 Hard (H) up to 3⁄8, incl. up to 10 90–130 620–900 75 520 88–103 8

over 3⁄8 to 1 incl. over 10 to 25 incl. 90–125 620–860 75 520 88–102 8
over 1 to 3, incl. over 25 to 75 85–120 590–830 75 520 88–101 8
A
4 × D = 4 × diameter.

10.2 Rockwell Hardness Requirements: 14.2 Sample pieces shall be taken from a heat and lot of
10.2.1 Hardness shall be the standard test for round, material processed simultaneously in the same equipment, as
hexagonal, octagonal, and square rod larger than 3⁄8 in. follows:
[10 mm] nominal diameter or distance between parallel sur-
faces and other shapes having a nominal cross-sectional area 15. Number of Tests and Retests
exceeding 0.141 in.2 [3.6 mm]. The hardness requirements 15.1 Section 9 of Specification B249/B249M constitutes a
shall be as prescribed in Table 2 for solution heat treated or part of this specification.
solution heat treated and cold worked and in Table 3 precipi-
tation heat-treated. The tension test should not be made except 15.2 Test specimens shall be taken from the sample pieces
when indicated by the purchaser. selected in accordance with 14.1.
10.2.2 Where agreement on Rockwell hardness tests cannot 15.2.1 In the case of product shipped in the TB00 or TD04
be reached, the tensile strength requirements of Tables 2 and 3 condition, two test specimens shall be taken from each sample
shall be the basis for acceptance or rejection. piece. One is to be tested in the as-sampled condition, and one
in the precipitation heat-treated condition.
11. Purchases for U.S. Government 15.2.2 In the case of product shipped in the precipitation
heat-treated condition, one specimen from each sample shall be
11.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order, tested.
product purchased for an agency of the U.S. Government shall
conform to the special government requirements specified in 15.3 Retests—If any lot of material fails to conform to the
the Supplementary Requirements section of Specification requirements of this specification as a result of inaccurate heat
B249/B249M. treatment, new samples of material may be resubmitted for test
after proper heat treatment. Only two such reheat treatments
12. Dimensions and Permissible Variations shall be permitted.
12.1 The dimensions and tolerances for material covered by 16. Specimen Preparation
this specification shall be as prescribed in the current edition of
Specification B249/B249M: 16.1 Section 10 of Specification B249/B249M constitutes a
part of this specification.
12.2 Diameter or Distance Between Parallel Surfaces:
12.2.1 Rod, Round, Hexagonal, Octagonal 16.2 Test Specimens—Tension test specimens, when
12.2.2 Rod, Hot-Rolled, Round required, shall be prepared in a full cross-sectional area if
12.2.3 Rod, As-Extruded practicable and in the direction of final working unless other-
12.2.4 Bar, Rectangular and Square wise specified. Full cross section or machined specimens shall
12.2.5 Bar, As-Extruded be as specified in Test Methods E8/E8M.
12.3 Length NOTE 1—Mechanical property data determined on other than round
cross sections, for sizes under 0.125 in., may be compromised and be
12.4 Straightness inaccurate as a result of the stress riser effect on the corner.
12.5 Edge Contours
17. Test Methods
13. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance 17.1 Section 11 of Specification B249/B249M constitutes a
13.1 The product shall be free of defects, but blemishes of part of this specification.
a nature that do not interfere with the intended application are 17.2 Chemical Analysis—The Chemical Composition sec-
acceptable. tion is amended to include in the group of chemical analysis
techniques, Specification B194 Annex.
14. Sampling 17.3 Test methods to be followed for the determination of
14.1 Sampling shall be in accordance with Specification element(s) resulting from contractural or purchase order agree-
B249/B249M, except that the heat size is defined as 12 000 lb ment shall be agreed upon between the supplier and the
(5455 kg) or fraction thereof. purchaser.

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TABLE 3 Precipitation Heat-Treated Mechanical Property RequirementsA
Temper Designation Copper Alloy UNS No.
C17000 C17200 and C17300 Elongation
Diameter or Maximum Distance
Standard Former Tensile Tensile Yield Strength, Rockwell Tensile Yield Strength, Rockwell in 4 × D,B
Between Parallel Surfaces min, %
Strength, Strength min, 0.2 % Hardness, Strength, min, 0.2 % Hardness,
in. mm MPa MPa MPa
ksi MPa offset, ksi C ScaleC ksi offset, ksi C ScaleC
C
TF00 Precipitation up to 3, incl. up to 76.2 150–190C 1030–1310C 125 860 32–39 165–200C 1140–1380 145 1000 36–42 4
C C
Hardened over 3 over 76.2 150–190 1030–1310C 125 860 32–39 165–200C 1140–1380 130 900 36–42 3
(AT)

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TH04 Hard and up to 3⁄8, incl. up to 10 170–210C 1210–1450C 145 1000 35–41 185–225C 1280–1550C 160 1100 39–45 2
Precipitation
Heat Treated
(HT)
over 3⁄8 to 1, incl. over 10 to 25.4, incl. 170–210C 1170–1450C 145 1000 35–41 180–220C 1240–1520C 155 1070 38–44 2

C C C C
over 1 to 3, incl. over 25.4 to 76.2, incl. 165–200 1140–1380 135 930 34–39 175–215 1210–1480 145 1000 37–44 4
B196/B196M − 18

A
These values apply to standard qualification heat treatment, see 8.1.
B

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4 × D = 4 × diameter.
C
The upper limits in the tensile strength and hardness columns are for design guidance only.
 B196/B196M − 18
TABLE 4 Standard Precipitation Heat Treatment Time for Acceptance Tests
Temper Designation Diameter or Distance Between
Parallel Surfaces, in. Time at 600 to 675 °F,
Standard Former
in. mm h
TB00 Solution heat treated (A) all sizes all sizes 3
TD04 Hard (H) up to 3⁄4, incl. up to 19.1, incl. 2
over 3⁄4 over 19.1 3

18. Keywords
18.1 beryllium copper bar; beryllium copper rod; copper
beryllium bar; copper beryllium rod; UNS Alloy No. C17000;
UNS Alloy No. C17200; UNS Alloy No. C17300

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee B05 has identified the location of selected chances to this standard since the last issue
(B196/B196M – 07(2013)ɛ1) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved March 1, 2018.)

(1) Revised Footnote C of Table 3 and added it to the Rockwell

Hardness C Scale column headings.

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