DEBRETABOR UNIVERSITY

FACULITY OF TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
Title: THE MAINTENANCE OF ELECTRONICS DEVICES
INTERNSHIP REPORT
HOSTING COMPANY: BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY
[DURATION: - August 1/12/ 2013 – August 30/12/2013 (only 1 MONTHS)]

Member name Id
1 Abiyot Mulualm ………………………....006/11
2 Birhanu Hailu …………………………….051/11
3 Dagnew Abeje ……………………………058/11
4 Dagnnet Nega …………………………...060/11

SUBMISSION DATE: -January 24/12/2014 E.C

Declaration
It is well know that Practical Attachment is a vital tool for students who are just
going to serve the general public in the near future. Practical Attachment equips
students with the necessary realities in work environment, the skills and knowledge
required to perform their responsibilities. In other words, practical attachment is
the necessary tool used to show students the relationship between theories that they
have learned in different courses of studies with the reality in the world of work
that is waiting for them after graduation. Thus, the main objective of this internship
is to hand on lived experience in real life situation that are useful in professional
development.

In view of this objective, after obtaining Acceptance from ICT directorate of Bahir
dar University (BDR), the internee carried out varieties of activities under the
supervision of ICT experts in Network Infrastructure Unit. Besides, valuable
information was gathered using the format developed and given by Debre Tabor
University, Department of CS. Accordingly, from the internship it was found that
in spite of some problems to be corrected Bahir dar University (BDR) has well-
structured ICT center that have clear vision and mission, experts/professionals in
network infrastructure, maintenance, programming and system development.

During our stay in the university we could valuable experiences. Thus, from the
internship we have learned how to gather the necessary information and
requirements in network installation, how to repair (maintenance)
and other networking related tasks. Besides developing professional skills and
obtaining experiences from actual work environment we could develop social
skills and communicative skills useful in team work.

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Acknowledgment
First of all we want to thank the almighty ‘GOD’ keep our safe, staying power and energy starting from
to get in to the friendship up to the day we have finished this internship practice and prepare this report
within the scheduled time.

Next, we would express our deepest thank to Bahir dar University ICT directorate staff for taking part in
useful decision, all their kind assistance, giving necessary advice and guidance, and arranged all facilities
to make life easier. We choose this moment to acknowledge their contribution gratefully. Our heartfelt
gratitude also extends to our supervisor Mr. Erimiyas. and all member of the Network Infrastructure
Unit in supporting us for the successful completion of this attachment program. We would also like to
acknowledge my universities mentor instructor Wendyfrew for his guidance and support.

We are glad to receive required help from the Network administration experts, System administration
experts and support and technical maintenance teams.

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Executive Summary
This report is prepared on the basis of some days practical works at Bahir Dar university ICT
center. This internship program helped us to learn about the practical scenario of information
communication development technology agency.

As a main purpose of internship to learn by working in practical environment and to apply the
knowledge acquired during studies in a real world scenario. In order to tackle the problems
using the knowledge and skill learned during the academic process.
This report is divided in to three chapters. The first chapter of this report deals with the
background of our internship hosting company. In order to understand networking on which the
study is carried on, the second chapter deals with the conceptual framework of maintenance,
practical concepts, and applying theoretical backgrounds to practical on maintaining . The third
chapter is about the conclusions and recommendations which are drawn by analysis of whole
study .

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Table Of Figer
Figure 1Main Customers of Bahir Dar University .............................................................................................................................. 1
Figure 2 Organizational Structure and Work flow of Bahir dar University ........................................................................................ 2
Figure 3 Motherbord ........................................................................................................................................................................ 3
Figure 4 CPU(Central Processing Unit) .............................................................................................................................................. 4
Figure 5 RAM(Random Access Memory) .......................................................................................................................................... 4
Figure 6 Hard disk ............................................................................................................................................................................. 5
Figure 7 Computer Fan ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Figure 8 Power supply unit ............................................................................................................................................................... 6
Figure 9 the separate parts of computer .......................................................................................................................................... 7
Figure 10 blue screen of death ....................................................................................................................................................... 13
Figure 11 printer ............................................................................................................................................................................. 15
Figure 12 Paper Jams ...................................................................................................................................................................... 16
Figure 13 Lines On Paper ................................................................................................................................................................ 17

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Contents
Declaration ..................................................................................................................................................................... i
Acknowledgment .......................................................................................................................................................... ii
Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................................... iii
Chapter one ...................................................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Background Information of Bahir Dar University ................................................................................................1
1.2 Vision, mission and objective of Bahir Dar University .............................................................................................2
1.3 Main Products and Services Universities ............................................................................................................2
1.4 Main Customers of Bahir Dar University .............................................................................................................2
1.5 The overall organizational structure and work flow of Bahir Dar University ......................................................1
1.6 How I get in to the company ...............................................................................................................................2
1.7 The section of the Company we have been working on .....................................................................................2
Chapter two ...................................................................................................................................................................3
The Overall Internship Experience ..............................................................................................................................3
2.1 Work piece that we have been executing ............................................................................................................3
2.2 Components of a computer ..........................................................................................................................3
2.3 How to Disassemble a Computer ........................................................................................................................7
2.4 Assemble a Computer .........................................................................................................................................9
2.5 The most common problem that happen on the electronics device and solution ...........................................10
2.5.1 Common PC Problems And Solutions ........................................................................................................10
2.5.2 Common Printer Problems and Solutions. .................................................................................................15
Chapter Three ..............................................................................................................................................................18
Overall internship benefits that we gained from internship ...................................................................................18
3.1 Benefits that we gained in terms of improving our practical skills .....................................................................18
3.2 Benefits that we gained in terms of upgrading our theoretical knowledge .......................................................18
3.3 Interpersonal Communication Skills ..................................................................................................................19
3.4 Benefits that we gained in terms of improving team playing skills ....................................................................19
3.5 Leadership Skills ................................................................................................................................................20
3.6 Benefits that we gained in terms of improving work ethics ...............................................................................20
3.7 Entrepreneurship Skills......................................................................................................................................21
3.8 Challenges I have faced while performing my tasks .........................................................................................22
3.9 Conclusion and Recommendations ...................................................................................................................23
Resource .....................................................................................................................................................................23

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 Chapter one
1.1 Background Information of Bahir Dar University
Bahir Dar University was established by merging two former higher education institutions; namely the
Bahir Dar Polytechnic and Bahir Dar Teachers’ College.
The Bahir Dar Polytechnic Institute, which has transformed itself into Technology and Textile institutes,
was established in 1963 under the technical cooperation between the Government of USSR and the
Imperial Government of Ethiopia.

The institute was a premier institute in producing technicians for the nation.
The Bahir Dar Teachers’ College, by then known as the Academy of Pedagogy, was established in 1972
by the tripartite agreement of the Imperial Government of Ethiopia, UNESCO and UNDP and started
actual work in the following year under the auspices of the Ministry of Education and Fine Arts.
Its general objective was to train multipurpose primary education professionals capable of adopting
primary education to rural life and rural development.
Its specific objectives were to train primary school teacher trainers, supervisors, educational leaders, adult
education organizers and community development agents.

The two institutions of higher learning were integrated to form the Bahir Dar University following the
Council of Ministers regulation no. 60/1999 GC.
The University was inaugurated on May 6, 2000. Bahir Dar University is now among the largest
universities in the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, with more than 35,000 students in its 57
undergraduate and 39 graduate programs.
Bahir Dar University has four colleges, three institutes, three faculties and one school.

The academic units of the University include College of Science, College of Agriculture and
Environmental Sciences, College of Medical and Health Sciences, College of Business and Economics,
Institute of Technology, Institute of Textile, Garment and Fashion Design, Institute of Land
Administration, Blue Nile Water Institute, Faculty of Humanities, Faculty of Social Sciences, Faculty of
Education and Behavioral Sciences and School of Law

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 1.2 Vision, mission and objective of Bahir Dar University
 Mission
The mission of the Bahir Dar University is to contribute substantially for social, cultural,
economic, political, scientific and technological development of the nation; through the
provision of high quality education, active engagement in research and outreach activities for
the betterment of life, while offering our employees a conducive and rewarding working
environment that values, recognizes and appreciates their contributions
 . Vision
The vision of the Bahir Dar University is to become one of the ten premier research
universities in Africa in 2025 recognized for its quality education, research and outreach
activities.

1.3 Main Products and Services Universities

Traditionally, have two main goals: to create and to disseminate knowledge.
The creation of knowledge is done through the research and its dissemination, is done through the
education.

1.4 Main Customers of Bahir Dar University

The customers of Bahir Dar University are divided in different groups of actors, who are linked to the
educational process being the main: current students, potential students, employees, employers,
government and industry.
Which have classified the customers in internal and external, emphasizing that the internal customer
who are work to the satisfaction of external customers (Juan 1988). Besides, to the authors the customers
can be classified in primary ones and secondary ones, based on their location being as internal customers
or external ones and based on the frequency of interaction that the institution has with them too.
While consider that the product of higher education is the education and then, depending on the role
developed by them during the course, the students can be classified as internal or external.

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Figure 1Main Customers of Bahir Dar University

1.5 The overall organizational structure and work flow of Bahir Dar University
Bahir Dar University has to strive to emplace management system that is democratic, honest,
inspiring, transparent, and highly participatory.
The University has two core processes and five support processes
The University’s top management includes the president, four Vice presidents, and deans/directors for
academic units and seven process owners.
The major focus of the management in terms of governance and management includes improve
efficiency on major administration areas such as budget utilization, business process (procurement,
finance, registrar, etc.) efficiency and decision making system in a transparent manner.

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Figure 2 Organizational Structure and Work flow of Bahir dar University

1.6 How I get in to the company

Debre tabore University has launched internship program to improve student’s practical
knowledge outside of the campus. Beside on these programs Debre tabore University Institute
of Technology industrial linkage gave us small orientation and pieces of paper.
This paper is request paper for the companies that we need to apply. Before we are going to
Bahir Dar University in Main Campus (peda), we gathered information from our senior
computer science students all about the organizations that are found in Bahir Dar city.
According to the evidence they told us to do so Main Campus (peda) is preferable to the service
which has giving for the intern students both practical and theoretical knowledge.
While the expansion network of Bahir Dar University has understood that in today’s world of
information communication technology implementing a reliable secure and scalable network
infrastructure that automates different office activities is of great importance. And with this
regard has shown readiness to re-deploy a secured and high performance ICT infrastructure.
The BDU network includes LAN network redesign and deployment, data centre design and
construction, SAN and server systems.

1.7 The section of the Company we have been working on

We have been doing my internship in the Bhair Dar University ICT Development office specifically in
the main campus data center. During the one month internship we have seen from hardware overview
study to maintain the electronics device that belongs to the company.

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 Chapter two
The Overall Internship Experience
2.1 Work piece that we have been executing
During in our internship experience we have been executing the following experience.

 Computer Hardware and software parts.

 Disassembling of computer and assemble.
 Problem identification in pc and printer.
 Solution for the above problem.

2.2 Components of a computer

Figure 2 component of computer

As we see in the above figure, components of the computer are the following.

 Motherboard

Figure 3 Motherbord

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  The board is called ‘mother’ because it has all the connectors to the other
hardware components of the computer system.
 This means that all input and output (I/O) devices have their connectors on the
motherboard. It has a socket for holding the Central Processing Unit (CPU) or
processor with heat sinks and fan mounting location(s) very close to the socket
due to the huge amount of heat produced by the CPU (especially high speed
CPU) during its operations.
 It also holds a slot for the main memory, a slot for video or graphics card and a
backup battery.

 CPU(Central Processing Unit)

Figure 4 CPU(Central Processing Unit)

 Is a hardware component responsible for all operations that is carried

out in the computer’s system which is why most computer users refer to
it as the brain of the computer and it is held on the motherboard by a
slot.

The CPU or processor has two main components which are :-

 control unit (CU)
 arithmetic logic unit (ALU).
The CU extracts instructions from the memory and executes them in order to
control input and output devices while the ALU carries out the arithmetic and
logical processes.
 RAM(Random Access Memory)

Figure 5 RAM(Random Access Memory)

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  Is the main memory of the computer system whose main function is to
store data temporary.
 It allows data to be accessed easily by the CPU based on the fact that
data is accessed randomly (in no specific order).
 It also speeds up the computer’s operations because of its ability to allow
random access to data.
 Hard disk

Figure 6 Hard disk

 The major storage device of the computer system is the hard disk or
Hard drive.
 Unlike the RAM that stores data temporary, the hard drive stores
information, files and other documents permanently as its main function
and also allows the retrieval of data but it is non-volatile(data is not loss
when the computer goes off).
 Operating system and application software (apps) are installed on
thishard drive.
 Computer Fan

Figure 7 Computer Fan

 During operations by the computer the CPU produces a lot of

heat and heat could always cause damage to your computer, that
is why the CPU fan is put in place to keep the CPU under the
required temperature.

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  The case fan is to keep the system unit cooled. The CPU is not
the only source of heat but the environment around the system
unit especially when temperature is been raised very high by
sunshine.
 The hard drive does not produce as much heat as the CPU so in
some system units you may not even see the hard drive fan but
some also do have. Therefore, all computer fans’ prime function is
to cool down and maintain a conducive temperature within the
system unit for smooth operations.
 Power supply unit

Figure 8 Power supply unit

 Just as any electronic device needs electrical power to

function, so as the system unit’s components.
 But the components do not work with the power from
your wall socket so the computer power supply unit
receives the alternating current (AC) and converts it to a
controlled direct current (DC) for the components to
function.

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2.3 How to Disassemble a Computer
When referring to hardware, to disassemble is to break down a device in to separate parts.

Figure 9 the separate parts of computer

 Follow these seven steps carefully.

Step 1: Detach the Power Cable

 The disassembling of the computer system starts with externally connected device
detachment. Make sure the computer system is turned off, if not then successfully shut
down the system and then start detaching the external devices from the computer
system. It includes removing the power cable from electricity switchboard, then remove
the cable from SMPS (switch mode power supply) from the back of the CPU Cabinet

Step 2: Remove the Cover

Step 3: Remove the Adapter Cards

 Make sure if the card has any cables or wires that might be attached and decide if it
would be easier to remove them before or after you remove the card. Remove the screw
if any that holds the card in place. Grab the card by its edges, front and back, and gently
rock it lengthwise to release it.

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Step 4: Remove the Drives

 Removing drives is easier. There can be possibly three types of drives present in your
computer system, Hard disk drive, CD/DVD/Blu-ray drives, floppy disk drives (almost
absolute now a day). They usually have a power connector and a data cable attached
from the device to a controller card or a connector on the motherboard. CD/DVD/Blu-
ray drive may have an analog cable connected to the sound card for direct audio output.
Now remove the screws and slide the drive out the back of the bay.

Step 5: Remove the Memory Module

 Memory modules are mounted on the motherboard as the chips that can be damaged by
manual force if applied improperly. Be careful and handle the chip only by the edges.
SIMMs and DIMMs are removed in a different way:

Step 6: Remove the Power Supply

 The power supply is attached into tower cabinet at the top back end of the tower. Make
sure the power connector is detached from the switchboard. Start removing the power
connector connected to motherboard including CPU fan power connector, cabinet fan,
the front panel of cabinet power buttons and all the remaining drives if not detached
yet. Now remove the screws of SMPS from the back of the cabinet and the SMPS can be
detached from the tower cabinet.

Step 7: Remove the Motherboard

 Before removing all the connectors from the motherboard, make sure you memorize the
connectors for assembling the computer if required, as that may require connecting the
connectors at its place. Remove the screws from the back of the motherboard and you
will be able to detach it from the cabinet. Now remove the CPU fan from the
motherboard. The heat sink will be visible now which can be removed by the pulling the
tab upward. Finally, the processor is visible now, which can be removed by the plastic
tab which can be pulled back one stretching it side way.

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2.4 Assemble a Computer

 The assembling of the computer system is exactly the opposite of disassembling

operation. Before starting assembling the computer system, make sure you have the
screws and a screwdriver for those.

Step 1: Mount the Processor

 The first step for assembling the computer system starts with mounting the processor
on the processor socket of the motherboard.

Step 2: Fix the Motherboard in the Tower Case

 Now the motherboard is to be fixed vertically in the tower case and the screws are fixed
from behind of the motherboard.

Step 3: Connect the Power Supply

 Now line up the power supply at the top back end of the cabinet and screw it. The
power connectors for motherboard power supply and CPU fan power supply are to be
connected.

Step 4: Install the Drives

 Install the CD/DVD drives at the top front end of the cabinet and screw it. Install the
Hard disk drive and floppy disk drive below CD/DVD drive and screw it. drives.

Step 5: Connect Cables

 Now select the appropriate data cable and connect one end of the cable to its drive
socket and another end at its appropriate connector on the motherboard.

Step 6: Mount the Memory Modules

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  It is time now to mount the memory modules on the motherboard by aligning the RAM
to its socket on the motherboard and press it downward.

Step 7: Install the Internal Cards

 Install the internal cards to its socket and attach the cables or power cable to it. The selection of
right socket or slot is required as per the type of socket.

Step 8: Cover the Tower

 Cover the tower by placing it and pressing towards front side and screw it.

Step 9: Connect the External Devices and Power

 Connect the external devices with CPU at its appropriate socket. It includes mouse and
keyboard at PS2 or USB connectors. Monitor at the video output socket. Connect the
power cable to the back of tower in SMPS. Plug in the power cable to the electric board.

2.5 The most common problem that happen on the electronics device and solution
2.5.1 Common PC Problems And Solutions
1. Computer won’t turn on

 There are hundreds of reasons why a PC won’t boot up. The issues can range from
power supply failure to virus infection. Normally, by following the steps given below,
your computer should be able to start.

Solutions:

1. Check the power supply

 If it’s a laptop, a loss of power could result from a battery that has completely run out
of charge. So, the first thing to do is to plug it in and leave it to charge for a few hours.
If that doesn’t work, it could mean the charger is faulty, so, if you can try a different
charger. If the charger has a power indicator, check whether it lights up when you plug
it in.
 If your PC is a desktop computer and doesn’t start, check that it’s not the plug socket
at fault by plugging it into a different socket. If that doesn’t work, it could be that the
power supply in your PC has failed.

2. Make sure the monitor or display is functional

If you can see that your PC has power, because the fans start-up or the power lights come on,
but nothing else happens, there are a couple of possible faults.

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  If you have a desktop PC connected to an external monitor, it could be the display that’s
faulty. Check the power connection to the monitor and that it’s properly connected to
your PC. Try disconnecting it and reconnecting it. If that doesn’t work, try connecting
a different monitor, if possible. That way you’ll be able to either determine it’s the
monitor’s fault or rule it out.
 If you have a laptop, or if you’ve ruled out the external display, it could be that your PC
is in sleep mode and is having trouble waking. To check that, shut it down completely
and restart from cold. To do that, hold down the power button for 5 seconds and then
press it again to start your PC.

3. Eliminate external hardware

 If none of the steps above work, the peripherals could be the culprit. This could either
happen because of electrical issues or external hardware failures.
 After doing this, try restarting the system again to see if it works or not. If it doesn’t,
move on the next final step.

4. Reinstall system
 If none of the steps work, the last thing you would want to do is to reinstall your
Windows. Because till this point, you can be sure that it’s the software and not a
hardware issue.
 Since you can’t turn your computer on, there’s no way to get access to your file.
However, there are methods to backup your files from the hard drive. A clean
installation will help to reset everything back to normal, should your system is infected
or corrupted.

2. PC Becoming Slow

 I know that kind of feeling you feel when it takes like 5 minutes to open just an app.
Well, this is another common computer problems people face in their daily lives.
 The root cause is usually due to the duration of how long you have been operating the
PC. A computer that is older than 2 years will experience this, regardless of their
specifications.

Solutions:

1. Find resource-hungry program

 With your system full of programs, there will definitely be one or two programs that
use lots of your resources, for instance, a ram.
 To find out, open the Task Manager. You can right-click your taskbar and select the
“Task Manager” option or press Ctrl+Shift+Escape to open it. On Windows 8, 8.1, and
10.
 Click the “CPU,” “Memory,” and “Disk” headers to sort the list by the applications using
the most resources. If any application is using too many resources, you might want to
close it normally — if you can’t, select it here and click “End Task” to force it to close.

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2. Disable startup program
 Auto start programs during system startup can be the major reason why your PC is
slowing down.
 On Windows 8, 8.1, and 10, there’s now a startup manager in the Task Manager you
can use to manage your startup programs.
 Right-click the taskbar and select “Task Manager” or press Ctrl+Shift+Escape to
launch it. Click over to the Startup tab and disable startup applications you don’t need.
 Windows will helpfully tell you which applications slow down your startup process the
most.

3. Scan for malware and adware

 Day-to-day usage of computers can make you accidentally catch malware and adware.
 These are usually small malicious programs, caught from the internet when we browse
or download something.
 These programs are designed to steal your information and to that, they have to
transfer information over the internet, which can potentially slow down your system.
 To remove them, simply use your built-in anti-virus software to scan and detect. For
more information on how to remove spyware and adware, check out my article here.

3. Noisy Hard Drive

 Hard drives are usually nearly silent but some do make a muted clicking sound when
they’re being accessed or turned off — this is completely normal.
 On the other hand, if you start hearing noises only occasionally or noises that you’ve
never heard before — like clicking, grinding, vibrations, or squealing — your hard
drive may be failing.

Solutions:

1. Make sure the sound comes from the hard drive

 Usually, when we hear the sound from our computers, it’s a hard drive sound. So when
the sound suddenly gets louder, we assume that it’s from the hard drive.
 To check this, you can simply unplug the power and data cables from the hard drive and
reboot the system. If you still hear the sound, the issue is not with the hard drive.

2. Run a diagnostic software

 If you’re certain that the sound comes from the hard drive itself, you can run a free
hardware diagnostic software which is already available on many computers or available
on the internet.

3. Replace the hard drive

 If the diagnostic software fails, it simply means there is an issue related to the hardware
of the drive. If in that case, there is nothing you can do except to replace it.
 Remember to make a back up of your files before replacing it.

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 4. PC Fan Not Working

 Another common computer hardware problem here. In reality, that it is normal

behavior for the CPU fan to stop spinning when the CPU temperatures are low or you
are not running any power-hungry applications.
 In most cases, it’s happening due to the motherboard, and not the fan itself.

Solution:

1. Determine the root cause

 As mentioned, the motherboard is usually the main reason why the fan stops spinning.
This could happen because the fan isn’t installed well on the board or there’s a problem
on the board wires.
 To check this, simply connect the fan to the external power source and see if it’s still
working. If not, then the problem is with the fan itself.

2. Assess the fan

Three common issues related to the fan are:

 CPU Fan Save Dusts

 The Bearing of the CPU Fan is Stuck
 CPU Fan is Broken

For the first case, you can simply clean it with a cloth. For the second and third cases, which
are the more serious case here, replace the part.

5. Blue Screen Of Death (BSOD)

Figure 10 blue screen of death

 A Blue Screen of Death (BSoD) — also referred to as “blue screen,” “stop error,” or just
“system crash” — will happen after a critical error that the system is unable to process
and repair automatically.
 Usually, you may see a blue screen while upgrading to a new version of Windows,
during startup, or suddenly while actively using the computer, and the most frustrating

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 thing is that it’s just a screen with a blue background and a sad character face without
enough information to figure out the problem.

Solutions:

1. Check that there is enough space for updates

 BSOD is usually a problem occurring due to corrupted files, file system failures and
system spaces.
 Sometimes, your system space may get filled during the update, causing some of the
files to be missing, hence resulted in a corrupted file.

2. Scan your system for viruses

 Some viruses can cause a Blue Screen of Death, especially ones that infect the master
boot record (MBR) or boot sector.

3. Update your hardware drivers

 Most Blue Screens of Death are hardware or driver related, so updated drivers could fix
the cause of the STOP error.

4. Return BIOS settings to their default levels.

 An overclocked or misconfigured BIOS can cause all sorts of random issues, including
BSODs.

5. Perform diagnostic tests on all hardware you’re able to test

 It’s highly likely that the root cause of any given Blue Screen of Death is a failing piece
of hardware.

6. System Automatically Restart

 Last but not least for common computer problems here, and quite the most frustrated
one too!
 There are many reasons for this problem. It can be a result of various issues, including
corrupted drivers, faulty hardware, and malware infection, among others.
 It can be difficult to pinpoint exactly what keeps your computer in a reboot loop. In
most cases, it usually happens after the Windows update.

Solutions:

1. Deleting bad registry files

 Before you do this, you have to be completely confident that you can complete the
process without making any mistake.
 Keep in mind that the Windows Registry is a sensitive database. Even misplacing a
comma can cause damages to your computer! As such, I suggest you opt for a one-click
solution like Auslogics Registry Cleaner.
 This freeware automatically searches for duplicate or corrupted registry files.

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2. Updating drivers
 When your drivers are outdated, it is possible for your computer to get stuck in a reboot
loop. This is because your devices are not able to properly communicate with your
system.
 As such, it is important to check if your drivers are up to date

3. Checking hardware issues

 In some cases, a computer may keep on restarting because of faulty hardware. The three
main hardware to check on are:

 RAM
 CPU
 External Devices

4. Scanning for viruses or malware

 It is possible that your computer has been infected by a virus or malware – that is why it
keeps on restarting. You can run a complete virus scan by using Windows Defender.

2.5.2 Common Printer Problems and Solutions.

What is Printer?

 A printer is an output device whose job is to print a soft file into the computer. Simply
say, a printer is a machine that prints any soft copy from the computer in the form of a
hard copy.

Figure 11 printer

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 1 Paper Jams

Figure 12 Paper Jams

 A paper jam is the most common copy machine error encountered. The reasons for
occurrence vary from the wrong paper size to improper paper loading. These issues
cause copiers to pull paper through incorrectly, resulting in a jam. The resulting delay
can cause employees to show up late to meetings or miss sensitive deadlines. Fixing
these types of issues requires someone manually removing the jammed paper and
reloading the proper paper size or correcting the paper alignment. There's also the issue
of paper dust, which has a tendency to clog machines and cause paper jams. The best
way to avoid paper dust is to periodically wipe the feed tires clean, and vacuum away
dust built up inside the copier.

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2 Lines On Paper

Figure 13 Lines On Paper

 When you copy a document with simple text or images and your finished copy contains
streaks, lines or other deformities, there's an issue with the copier. There are multiple
reasons this issue can occur, so finding a solution can require a bit of photocopier
troubleshooting.

Potential sources for this copy machine problem include:

 Foreign substances on the scanner glass or mirrors

 Drum or developer unit malfunction (only applies to multi-component copier systems)
 Drum-blade malfunction, resulting in large lines vertically down the page
 Issue with fusers

The first issue is resolved through removing interferences and cleaning the scanner glass and
mirrors. See your device's user manual for proper cleaning instructions. The remaining issues
can be remedied by replacing the unit causing the issue. These issues should be addressed by
contacting your service provider.

3 CARTRIDGE OR TONER ISSUES

 Low, empty or malfunctioning toner cartridges can cause issues within your copy
machine. If toner or cartridges are low or empty, replacing them should resolve the
problem. If a cartridge is malfunctioning, it's likely due to one of two things:

 Manufacturer error – In this case, bring a copy of the poor quality copies and the
cartridge to the place of purchase and request a replacement.
 Incompatibility issues – Most copy machines require specific toner; if you try to use an
incompatible version, your print quality will suffer.

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Chapter Three
Overall internship benefits that we gained from internship

3.1 Benefits that we gained in terms of improving our practical skills

Benefits that we were experienced from the internship is that how to relate
theoretical learning in the university with real work.
In this internship program we learned practical knowledge like;

 Identification of different problems

 Finding of the solution / upgrading theoretical knowledge
 Self – operating skills
 Performing daily activities by using accurate plan
 Imagining successful job before starting to do it
 Recognizing the risk that will be occurred during operations

3.2 Benefits that we gained in terms of upgrading our theoretical

knowledge
 During my internship period in the main campus datacenter, upgrade
my theoretical knowledge, when I have been learned the course of
Data Communication and Computer Networks in the classroom.
In Addition According to finding solutions we were advantageous by the
following ways:

 creative and logical approach to solve problems

 Being confident to develop new things and upgrade my theoretical
knowledge for the future time when we participate on other work
 Effective assessment and management of risk, resource & time
 Aware of continued educational opportunities through such resources
as academic institutions, the work place, and professional societies
 The knowledge we got from the campus was limited and from the
internship we developed or upgraded our previous knowledge

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3.3 Interpersonal Communication Skills
 During my internship period the Interpersonal skills, which are the life
skills I use every day to communicate and interact with other people,
individually and in groups are good for me.
 Not only how I communicate with others, but also I got confidence and
my ability to listen and understand. Problem solving, decision making
and personal stress management are also considered interpersonal
skills.
 Through this internship, I found that I matured and I gained many new
perspectives, such as problem solving skill, diversity, effective
communication, teamwork and service recovery, attention to detail,
time management, personal empowerment, self-confidence,
responsibility and cultural sensitivity.
 My supervisor was so kind to answer with patience and teach me
much that made this internship so enjoyable. I had gotten a wonderful
internship that spent such a happy moment with all of them.
 Though, still have so much to learn, I think this challenge was what
should include in my career. This helped much on my future planning.

3.4 Benefits that we gained in terms of improving team playing skills

 When different individuals come up together to work for common goal
of the company and increasing productivity, the most important point
is just reaching an agreement from different point of view on the work
to be done.
 There are some key points and ideas which describe what team playing
skill shares openly and willingly such as information, knowledge and
experience. Much of the communication within the staff takes place
informally. Beyond discussion at organized meeting team member
need to feel comfortable talking with one another and passing along
important news and information day-to-day.
 The ideas that are raised in team work help us to see one thing in
different angles and to be multidirectional thinker for elaborating our
knowledge regarding to the given Issues.
 During our training program we improved the following basic
characters of team playing skills.
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  Communicate openly.
 Listen and participate actively.
 Share information openly and willingly.
 Shows commitment to the team.
 Works as a problem solver.

In addition to this we have improved the following best team playing behaviors:
 Helping: -we used to assume as essential to help others in the team. Be
alert of what others are doing and suggest help and support if we can.
 Asking: -we ask questions so we are sure of the objectives of the team
 Persuading: -we have to be prepared to come up with ideas and persuade
them, but eventually agree to change them if correct
 Listening: -we should demonstrate that we can listen to other people's
ideas and points of view by actively listening what others in the team
have to offer and we can often build on their ideas
 Respecting: -treat all other team-members with equal respect and build up
trust
3.5 Leadership Skills
 Leadership skills are the tool, behaviors, and capabilities that a person
needs in order to be successful at motivating and directing others. Yet true
leadership skills involve something more; the ability to help people grow in
their own abilities.
 It can be said that the most successful leaders are those that drive other to
active their own success. I gained leadership skills from my supervisor
during the internship period which include managing time, motivating
individuals, giving feedback and building teams

3.6 Benefits that we gained in terms of improving work ethics

 Work ethics is generally accepted guidelines for right and wrong behaviors
in work place and it involves several principles related to effective work
habit and personal qualifies. We can see the benefits of work ethics we
have experienced into ways. These are:-
 Personal ethics
 Professional ethics

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 1. Personal ethics
 All human beings as rational creatures and expected to exhibit
certain personal principles of ethics. These principles of personal
ethics are values which are expected to be possessed by all
individuals in their life, and contribute a lot for a smooth interaction
among individuals and peaceful coexistence of a society. [4] These
principles of personal ethics according to our experience include:

 Concern for the well-being of others

 Being honest to others
 Perform fair activities

2. Professional ethics
 Professional ethics refers to the standards or a set of moral principles
for regulating behaviors of certain defined profession. In order to
consider that an activity to be a profession, it should be carried out
by one who has advanced education, knowledge, and skills. Thus, for
developing
 healthy working environment and increase productivity, ethical work
conducts are important.[4] The following are some of the common
professional ethical principles which are applied in many
environments that we had learnt: -

 Being transparent and open for others

 Integrity
 Avoiding potential or apparent conflict of interests
 Being accountable for others
 Performing responsibility

3.7 Entrepreneurship Skills

 Entrepreneurship is the ability to create and build something from
practically nothing.

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  It is initiating, doing, achieving and building an enterprise or organization,
rather than just watching, analyzing or describing one.
 It is the knack of sensing an opportunity where others see chaos,
contradiction and confusion. It is the ability to build a founding team to
complement your own skills and talents. It is the know-how to find, marshal
and control resources and to make sure you don’t run out of money when
you need it most.
 Finally, it is the willingness to take calculated risks, both personal and
financial, and then to do everything possible to get the odds in your favour.
 An entrepreneurship education program consists of wide-ranging subjects,
and in every entrepreneurship education program, learning something at
outside classroom like internship in a company plays an important role, as
well as normal lectures in classroom.
Of course, in this respect, the good relationship between educational
institutions and business society is very important for the purpose of
implementing an internship program as a part of curriculum.
 Interns gain firsthand understanding of entrepreneurship along with
enhanced technical, professional, and communication skills. In this
internship I have gained self confidence, information seeking, problem
seeking and sees and acts on opportunities of business in networking.
 Though helping me to clarify my vision and decided whether or not to forge
ahead with the idea
3.8 Challenges I have faced while performing my tasks
 I can truly say that during my internship with main campus data center that I was
challenged, and through all those challenges I grew as a person as well as a
student.
 Not only was the work that I was doing beneficial to get knowledge, but it also
made me have to work hard to get it right knowledge. I learned how to configured
distribution layer and access layer switch is new for me, how to multi-task and
manage my time

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 3.9 Conclusion and Recommendations
Conclusions
 The internship program in intended to introduce the students to the real experiences
of the job they will be working on after graduation.
 starting from finding the hosting company working inside and observing the ways
in which the work flows and the job is done to how the experiences affects the
interns, the internship program is a great way to let students face the real challenges
and benefits of being a professional .
 I got some knowledge about the Maintenance of electronics devices and its work
flow.
 Our internship program has its own encouraged and highly advanced sides. But it
has some weakness that needs to be restricted managed and corrected as Institute
level such as
1 There is no training program for the employers and student to enhance their
performance.
2 Shortage of safety materials for the workers.
3 There is no enough attention for the intern students

Recommendation
 The internship program has its own encouraged and highly advanced sides.
But it has some weakness that needs to be restricted managed and corrected as Institute
level such as:-
 There is no training program for the employers and student to enhance their performance.
 Shortage of materials for the practice.
 There is no enough attention for the intern students

Resource
www.networkstuf.com
www.anrstt.com
www.reportwriting.com
www.facebook.com//anrstt

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