8 A Hard Day’s Work

1 Which jobs in the UK have more women than men? Write W for women and M for men.
1 teacher 5 laboratory technician
2 member of parliament 6 librarian
3 journalist 7 judge
4 engineer 8 author

2 Look at these jobs. How are they similar and how are they different?

librarian author

3 Is there any job you would absolutely refuse to do? Which job?

DVD 8 Watch this short video about an unusual job. How long has Matt been doing this job?

95
 Reading
A
1 What do you think would be a t have
Richard Dunk mus
ble job
fun job? What qualifications and the most enjoya
experience would you need to do ever. He spends his
ng
the job? working hours testi
lid es . Ri ch ar d’s
waters
oice,
2 Read the texts quickly. What are employer is Best Ch
wi th ho lid ay
Richard Dunk’s qualifications and a company
fo ur co rn ers
previous work experience? resorts in all
of the world.
ility to
‘It’s my responsib
of the
B check the height
I
slides, the speed as
nt of
go down, the amou

Best Choice Malta:

and
water in the slides,
d. Al l th es e
the pool at the en
the way I land in
n!
Your destination for fu
th e sli de s
a secret recipe. If
elements are like nt to sta y at the
one wi ll wa
aren’t exciting, no must be safe,’
importantly, they
resorts. But more
For the most thrilling slides and said Richard. help them
six months ago to
splashes, head to Best Choice Malta, He was recruited cil iti es , including
ts to their fa
the best family-friendly resort! make improvemen d slides in
en, he has teste
the slides. Since th Dominican
Scream as loud as you can as you lta, Mexico, and th e
Greece, Spain, Ma job? ‘It’s
shoot down the scary Monster slide. Republic. What do
es he think about
his
isted?’
Are you brave enough to fall down knew such jobs ex
unbelievable! Who
the completely dark Black Tunnel?
All of our slides have been tested for
safety and maximum fun by experts. C
George Williamso
n
Best Choice
127 Hampton St
reet
Pinchley

Dear Mr William
son,
I am writing to ap
ply for the positio
Product Develop n of Lifestyle
ment Manager, ad
Times. As reques ve rtised in the Dai
ted, I am enclosin ly
application, my C g a completed jo
V and three refe b
I believe that my rences.
diploma in travel
as my considerab and tourism as w
le work experienc ell
very good candid e will make me a
ate for this posit
for additional info ion. Please see m
rmation regardin y CV
g my experience.
I can be reached
any time via emai
email.com and on l at richard.dunk@
07433 246357.
One week Malta (flights included) Thank you for yo
ur time and cons
forward to speaki ideration. I look
Adults £549 ng with you abou
opportunity at yo t this employmen
Children 2-12yrs £280 ur earliest conven t
ience.
For more information, check out our Yours sincerely,
website: www.bestchoiceholidays.co.uk Richard Dunk

96
3 Use the information in the texts to answer the questions.
Questions 1 and 2 refer to section A.
1 Why is Richard testing waterslides?
a because it is enjoyable
b to attract clients to the resorts The four short connected sections are taken
c to make them the safest in the world from different kinds of texts. Each text has
d because he’d like to become an expert a style of its own. Learn to recognise the
2 Why are the elements of a slide compared to a recipe? different texts as this will help you to answer
a not everyone knows how to make them the questions about them. Which text types
b both require a lot of time to make are used in this task?
c because secret recipes are exciting
d both need the right amount of ingredients
Question 3 refers to section B. Question 6 refers to section D.
3 What is true about Best Choice holidays? 6 What would George like Mary to do?
a Teenagers pay as much as parents. a look at all the applications
b It costs extra to fly to Malta. b choose one of the two candidates
c They are only available in May. c decide if experience is better than qualifications
d Malta is the cheapest destination. d see if she agrees with him

Questions 4 and 5 refer to section C. Questions 7 and 8 refer to sections A, B, C and D.

4 What has George Williamson received? 7 Which sections mention employment?
a an attachment a sections A, C and D
b a phone call b sections A, B and C
c a letter c sections B, C and D
d an email d all sections
5 Why does Richard think he is suitable for the job? 8 What is probably true about the job?
a His three references are very good. a Most days aren’t very exciting.
b He has enclosed everything he was asked to send. b It involves more than having fun.
c He has relevant qualifications and work history. c Few people would be interested in it.
d He can be easily reached for more information. d It is suitable for anyone.

4 Complete the sentences with the correct

D form of these words.
From: George Williamson
apply impress qualify refer
responsible work

1 
I have a part-time job and the
hours are 9 am
to 1 pm Monday to Friday.
2 
Unfortunately, none of the job
did well at the
interviews.
3 
Without the right university
, you won’t be
able to find a good job.
4 
Whose is it to
keep the shop clean and tidy?
5 
We would like you to provide a(n)
from your last
employer.
6 
The most
candidate of all had degrees from Harvard
and Oxford!

5 Work with a partner and make up an unusual

job. Give it a name and write a job description
outlining what the job involves. Then write
down what qualifications and/or experience
would be necessary for the position.

UNIT 8 97
 a-z Vocabulary 1

1 Label the pictures. Some of the letters are given to help you.

1 
tr l a nt 2 
l y r 3 
s d e 4 
l br an

5 
po ti ia 6 
a ou an 7 
el ri n 8 
t c i i n

2 Complete the definitions that tell us what jobs can be like with these words.
dead-end exhausting full-time manual part-time satisfying stressful well-paid

1 A job that is leaves you feeling very tired all the time.
2 A(n) job is one where you work about forty hours every week.
3 A job that is causes you to be worried and anxious all the time.
4 A(n) job is one where there is little or no chance for you to progress.
5 A job that is is one where you get lots of money for what you do.
6 A(n) job is one where you only work for a part of each day or week.
7 A job where you do work is one where you use your hands and physical strength.
8 A(n) job makes you feel pleased and happy because you are doing something you like.

3 Which adjectives in 2 could be used to describe the jobs in 1? Sometimes more than one answer
is possible.

4 Choose the correct answers.

1 When you apply for a job, you
a make a request to get it. b are given more money to do it.
2 When you interview someone, you
a answer questions about yourself. b
ask somebody questions about themselves.
3 When you lose your job, you
a keep on doing it. b stop doing it.
4 If you get fired from a job, you
a must have been very good at it. b
must have done something wrong.
5 If you retire from a job, you
a are probably around 60-65. b are probably still a teenager.
6 If you quit a job, you
a must have found it satisfying. b
might have found it too stressful or difficult.
7 If someone hires you, they
a give you a job. b tell you about a job.
8 When you earn a salary, you
a get money. b waste money.
98
 Conditionals: zero, first, second & third
Grammar 1
1 Read about conditionals.
Zero conditional Second conditional
We use the zero conditional to talk about things We use the second conditional to talk about something
that are always or generally true. that is impossible or unlikely in the present or the future.
If/When you go to a job interview, they ask you We also use it to give advice, usually with If I were you.
questions. If I won a lot of money, I would retire from my job.
My boss is not pleased if/when I get to If I were you, I wouldn’t hire Mr Jones – he was rude!
work late. If you didn’t have a stressful job, you could relax more.

First conditional Third conditional

We use the first conditional to talk about We use the third conditional to talk about things in the
something that is possible now or in the future. past that were possible, but didn’t happen.
If they hire you for the position, you’ll earn I wouldn’t have lost my job if I hadn’t been late
a great salary. every morning.
If you don’t like working here, quit. If I had known about the job, I could have told you
If you enjoy travelling, you might like to apply about it.
for the travel agent’s position.

2 Read the sentences a-c. Which one expresses something that

1 is always or generally true?
2 is unlikely in the present or the future?
3 was possible in the past, but didn’t happen?
a I’d give everyone a better salary if they let me control the business.
b If you steal from a company, you get fired.
c If she had applied for the job, she would have got it.
Read 8.1-8.4 of the Grammar Reference before you do the task.

3 Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

Interview advice
If you want to earn money, you 1 (need) a job! And if you need a job, you
2
(have to) apply for one. If you 3
(apply) for one, you might
get an interview. Interviews can be difficult, but if you are prepared, you 4 (not have) any
problem showing the interviewer that you are the right person for the job. If you 5
(be)
interested, read these helpful hints and tips:
1 When you 6 (want) to get better at something, you practise. If I were applying for
a job, I 7 (practise) answering interview questions long before I went to the actual
interview.
2 If your interviewer asked you what you knew about the company, 8 (you be) ready?
If I 9 (be) you, I’d do my research, and have a list of questions prepared to ask them
too. If you 10 (do), it will show that you’re truly interested in getting the job.
3 If you 11 (walk) into an interview wearing casual clothes and your interviewer was
in a smart suit, you’d feel silly ... and you probably wouldn’t get the job. Always dress for success! If you look
successful, you 12 (have ) a better chance of being hired.

4 Write a conditional sentence in your notebook for each situation below.

1 Frank worked late, so he didn’t come to the gym with me.
2 I have to finish this report by five o’clock. I can’t finish it without your help.
3 Mary had an interview, but she didn’t do well because she was so nervous.
4 Your colleagues don’t co-operate with you, so you complain to your employer.
5 We didn’t listen to the boss. We did a poor job on the project.

UNIT 8 99
 a-z Vocabulary 2
Commonly Confused Words
1 Complete the pairs of sentences with the words in bold.
1 pensions benefits 4 career job
a  My grandparents are both retired. They a 
Joe’s just been fired, so he’s out looking for a
find it difficult living on their monthly at the moment.
.
b  Choosing a in business was
b I’m very fortunate; I get a good salary as well as one of the best decisions I’ve ever made.
such as medical insurance
5 qualifications qualities
and a company car.
a  Peter has got great .
2 wage salary
He’s got a degree and five years’ work
a  My boss has increased my !
experience.
Now I earn a lot more each month.
b  The we are looking for in a
b  The minimum is the
successful candidate include self-confidence.
smallest amount of money an employer can
legally pay an employee. 6 advice advise
a  If you want the job, I’d you
3 bonus perk
to be polite when you’re being interviewed.
a  Free theatre tickets is a of
b  Let me give you some ,
this job that I really appreciate!
Joan. If you don’t work hard, you’ll never get
b  If we do a good job each month, our boss gives anywhere.
us all a of €100.

Word Formation
2 Complete the table.
Noun Adjective
1 ambitious
2 envious
3 wealthy
determination 4
5 secretive
6 brave

3 Now complete the sentences with some of the words from 2.
1 Congratulations on your marriage. We wish you health, and happiness.
2 Gina is of her sister Marla because Marla earns a better salary than she does.
3 Don’t be so ; tell me what the boss said. I won’t tell anybody, I promise.
4 I was born poor, but I was always to do well ... and I succeeded!
5 Our soldiers showed great . They were never afraid to risk their lives for their country.
6 Tony’s in life is to become a doctor and help sick children.

Collocations & Expressions

4 Cross out the word which cannot be used with the verb in bold.
1 have: an interview a good decision a career 4 own: a company overtime possessions
2 be: a contract a failure a success 5 win: time off support respect
3 make: a profit a fortune a promotion 6 do: a job a job offer work experience

5 Which verbs go with the words you crossed out in 4? Sometimes more than one answer is possible.
1 2 3
4 5 6

100
 Conditionals: mixed conditionals
Grammar 2
1 Read about mixed conditionals.
A mixed conditional is where the clauses in a conditional sentence refer to different times. We can use a
mixed conditional to express the present result of a hypothetical past event or situation.
If I hadn’t missed the bus, I would be at work now. (= I missed the bus, so I’m not at work yet.)

2 Read this sentence. Which tenses does it use? Did Nick shout at his boss? Is he a manager now?
If Nick hadn’t shouted at his boss, he would be a manager now.

Read 8.5 of the Grammar Reference before you do the tasks.

3 Choose the correct answers to complete the

mixed conditional sentences.
1 If Maria hadn’t lost her job,
a she wouldn’t have felt so bad right now.
b she wouldn’t feel so bad right now.
2 If Nia hadn’t gossiped about her colleagues,
a they would still like her.
b they would have still liked her.
3 If I had taken the job at the travel agent’s,
a I would be in Greece right now.
b I would have been in Greece right now.
4 Todd would be wealthy
a if he hadn’t given away all his money.
b if he hasn’t given away all his money.
5 If we had had an interest in technology,
a we will have careers as technicians.
b we would have careers as technicians.

4 Complete the mixed conditional sentences.

1 The candidate wore dirty jeans to his interview, so he doesn’t work here now.
If the candidate dirty jeans to his interview, he here now.
2 Her boss gave her a company car, so she doesn’t take the bus every day.
If her boss her a company car, she the bus every day.
3 We didn’t go to the meeting, so we don’t know about the new pension plan.
If we to the meeting, we about the new pension plan.
4 We saved enough money, so we are able to set up our own business.
If we enough money, we our own business.
5 My boss didn’t take me to Europe with her, so I’m here in the office today.
If my boss me to Europe with her, I here in the office today.
6 They didn’t buy the business, so they aren’t wealthy now.
If they the business, they wealthy now.
7 I was late for work again, so Mr Banes is angry with me.
If I late for work again, Mr Banes angry with me.
8 She accepted the job offer, so she works here now.
If she the job offer, she here now.

UNIT 8 101
 Listening

1 Sometimes we use different adjectives formed from the same noun to describe different things. In the
sentences below, write the correct adjective formed from the same noun to describe the person. In one
sentence the two adjectives are the same.
1 SATISFACTION: If a woman’s job is satisfying, we can say that she is with her work.
2 STRESS: If a man’s job is stressful, we can say that he is at work.
3 EXHAUSTION: If your job is exhausting, you are probably when you get home.
4 ENVY: If someone’s job is enviable, other people are of it.
5 RESPONSIBILITY: If a woman has a responsible job, she needs to be a very person.

2  Listen to five people talking and match the

speakers to the feelings.
Speaker 1 A ambitious
Speaker 2 B confident
Speaker 3 C exhausted
Speaker 4 D regretful
Speaker 5 E satisfied

3  You will hear people talking in seven different

situations. For questions 1-7, choose the best
answer (A, B or C).
1 
You hear a man talking about his situation. How
does he feel?
A regretful
B hopeful
C satisfied
2 You hear two people talking about a job interview.
What is the woman worried about?
A She hasn’t got the right qualifications for the job.
B She won’t do well at the interview.
C She hasn’t got enough experience.
3 You hear a woman talking. What does she miss about her job?
A her colleagues
B the benefits
C her salary
This type of question
4 You hear two people talking about jobs. Why isn’t the man keen
will often ask you about
on the full-time job?
how someone is feeling.
A He won’t have time to do other things.
Remember to listen to their
B It’s too far away.
tone of voice as well as
C The wages are not good enough.
what they say.
5 You hear a woman talking. How does she feel about her job?
A It’s exhausting.
B It’s stressful.
C It’s upsetting.
6 You hear a student talking. Why did he choose this particular course?
A to fulfil an ambition
B to follow the wishes of his parents
C to learn how to make money
7 You hear a woman talking. Why is she dissatisfied with her current job?
A The work is too hard.
B There is no opportunity for promotion.
C The company is boring.

102
 Speaking

1 Ask and answer the questions with a partner.

• Are you ambitious? What do you hope to achieve in your career?
• Are you interested in manual work or a more intellectual job?
• Do you think you might follow the same career as one of your parents? Why/Why not?

2 When you talk about two photos, you should structure what you
say. Start by stating the topic and then compare the photos,
saying how they are similar and different, before answering the After discussing the similarities and
question you have been asked. Choose one of the pairs of jobs differences, make sure you answer
below and describe the jobs to your partner. Compare them and your question fully. You can make
then say which one you would prefer to do and why. Use the a generalisation to give a broader
Language Bank to help you. picture of what you’re describing,
• bus driver & chauffeur • soldier & policeman but don’t forget to give examples to
• waiter/waitress & chef • nurse & doctor support what you’re saying.

3 Work in pairs to answer the questions about the photographs. One of you will be Student A and the
other will be Student B. Use the words and phrases in the Language Bank to help you.

A B

Student A: Compare the two photographs. What qualities do you need to do these kinds of jobs?
Student B: Would you like to work outdoors? Why/Why not?

C D

Student B: Compare the two photographs. What are the responsibilities of each job?
Student A: Which job do you think would be more stressful?

4 Work in pairs to discuss these questions.

• Do you believe that it’s essential to go to
university if you want to get a good job?
Making generalisations Giving examples
• What are the best ways to find work if you are
Generally speaking, ... for instance, ...
unemployed or just leaving education? Most/A lot of the time, ... for example, ...
• Do you think it’s right that a cleaner is paid less ... seems to be true ..., such as ...
than an accountant? ... is often the case ..., as in the case of ...,
• Under what circumstances do you think As a rule/Normally, ...
it would be a good idea to quit your job?

UNIT 8 103
 Writing
Formal letter: Writing about yourself
When you write a letter applying for a job, you want the reader to think you would be good at the job.
Introduce yourself and include any information that is relevant to the type of work you want. Write about
related qualifications you have, your work experience, and the things you do in your free time. In an exam
situation, you can use your imagination!

1 You are applying for a job as a hotel waiter/waitress in the summer holidays. Tick six pieces of
information you would write about in your letter.
my age sports medals
my family I worked in a café last summer
where I am studying my father works in a hotel
where I live my hobbies, eg cooking
my scooter driving licence chatting with friends on my computer
my qualifications eg Cambridge English the type of friends I have

2 Your hobbies and experience show a lot about you. For example, if you helped arrange a school
excursion then you are probably good at organising. Which of the skills below will you probably have if
you have done the following?
a can work under pressure
1 I was on the school committee for two years.
b good at working with people
2 I worked in a bookshop during the holidays.
c can do hard physical work
3 I helped my parents on their large farm.
d good with young children
4 I did baby-sitting at the weekends.
e good with money
5 I was captain of the sports team for two years.
f good organiser
6 I worked in a café during the busy tourist season.
g polite and helpful

3 Read this writing task and discuss in 4 Read this letter applying for the job in 3 and, using
class what experience and hobbies the writing task and the Language Bank on the next
you could include to match the skills page, fill in the gaps at the beginning and end of the
asked for. letter with the correct information. Then discuss the
questions at the top of the next page in class.
You have seen this advertisement for a
summer job.
Dear ,
summer shop
Summer shop assistants needed for our I am writing to apply for the position of on the Internet.
new arts and crafts shop assistant which I saw advertised recently
h School,
You need to: I am a 16-year-old student at Melway Hig s. I have
specialising in languages for my fina l exam
• be good at working with people
and German,
• have some knowledge of arts and crafts certificates at intermediate level in English the last year.
• be able to work during the busy tourist and I have also been learning Italian for
cashier at a local
season in July and August At the weekends, I currently work as a
Write saying why you would be suitable
supermarket.
where we design
for the job to: In my spare time, I organise a local club ch we fly in
and build our own model aero plan es whi
Robert Brown, Manager, The Art of Craft, hobbies and
High Street, Oxford competitions. Painting is another of my exhibition in
two of my pictures wer e chosen for an art

London last year.
shop during the
Write your letter. (140-190 words) I would enjoy working full-time in your ed in arts and
school holidays because I am very inte rest
my knowledge
crafts. My experience of shop work and
especially with
of languages would, I believe, be useful,
summer visitors from abroad.
.
I look forward to
Yours ,
Jack Green
104
 1 How does Jack show that he would be good at working with people?
2 Why would he be good at working with money in the shop?
3 The summer season is busy. Would he be good at working under pressure? Why?
4 How do you know he would be able to work in July and August?
5 Would you give him the job? Why?
6 Does he start every sentence with ’I’?

5 The writer avoids starting every sentence with ‘I’ by beginning sentences with phrases that tell us when
he does something or what he does. Underline three examples in the letter in 4. Then rewrite the
following information in a similar way in your notebook.
I enjoy camping in the summer with my club. I also do diving as a hobby. I have won two bronze medals. I often go
skiing with my parents during the winter.

6 Read this writing task and use the plan and the Language
Bank to help you write your letter applying for the job.
When you have finished, check you have answered all
three points in the task and that you have started and
Formal letters
ended your formal letter correctly.
Dear Sir/Madam + Yours faithfully,
You have seen this advertisement for a job. Dear Mr/Mrs/Ms Smith + Yours sincerely,
I look forward to your reply.
Winter holiday shop assistants needed for two weeks at our I look forward to hearing from you.
large sports shop Experience
You need to: recently
• be good at working with people currently
• have some knowledge of a variety of sports during last year
• be able to work over the New Year period for the last two years
at the weekends
Write saying why you would be suitable for the job to:
Mary Swann, Manager, Sportsworld, High Street, Cambridge Working with people
shop/café work
member of a team/club
Write your letter. (140-190 words) trainer/organiser
on a committee
Different sports
Plan water-skiing, surfing
Paragraph 1: State your reason for writing and where you saw rock-climbing, hiking
the advertisement. canoeing, sailing
Paragraph 2: Your age, details of study, relevant qualifications skiing, snow-boarding
and/or work experience football, rugby
Paragraph 3: Relevant interests and achievements athletics, gymnastics
Paragraph 4: Say why you are suitable for the job and that you
are able to work over New Year.

Look at what the employer wants and

think of some relevant experience
that you could write. However, be
realistic; don’t say you have climbed
Mount Everest!
Try not to start every sentence with ‘I’,
and learn the ways to begin and end
a formal letter.

UNIT 8 105
 8 Reload

Vocabulary Grammar
Choose the correct answers. Choose the correct answers.
1 
One of your will be to make sure all the lights 1 
If I were you, I this dress to the interview. It
are off in the office each night. really suits you.
a responsibilities a would wear
b working hours b will wear
c applicants c will have worn
d qualifications d wear
2 
The boss the workers’ respect by working as 2 
Of course I him if I had known that he had no
hard as they did. qualifications.
a won a shouldn’t have hired
b owned b wouldn’t hire
c made c won’t hire
d did d wouldn’t have hired
3 
She has loved books since she was a child, so she 3 If you from the company, you get fired.
really enjoys her job as . a steal
a an accountant b will steal
b a librarian c would steal
c an electrician d can steal
d a soldier
4 ‘Is it two o’clock already?’
4 
Some teenagers have jobs that let them work ‘Yes, but providing we leave now, we late for the
and study at the same time. meeting.’
a dead-end a will be
b stressful b won’t be
c manual c would have been
d part-time d wouldn’t be
5 
After thirty-five years of doing a great job at the 5 ‘If you need help with the printer, me.’
company, Bob . ‘OK. Thank you.’
a retired a should ask
b earned b you would ask
c interviewed c ask
d hired d you will ask
6 
My aunt is a . She books trips for people who 6 ‘I should have gone to university.’
want to go abroad. ‘Yes. You more successful if you had gone.’
a technician a would be
b lawyer b will be
c politician c may be
d travel agent d were
7 
One of the biggest decisions you’ll ever make is 7 
If I had become a doctor, I would lots of
choosing your . money now.
a quality a had
b benefit b to have
c perk c have
d career d having
8 
The police officer saved the child and was given an 8 ‘What if you won lots of money?’
award for . ‘I’d start my own computer company.’
a ambition a would you do
b bravery b would you have done
c hope c will you do
d envy d should you have done
9 
If you want to a success in this business, you’ll 9 ‘Peter hasn’t got a job.’
have to go to Hollywood. ‘If he more ambitious, he would have one.’
a make a is
b have b were
c do c will be
d be d was being
106
 4 Progress Review

Vocabulary
1 Circle the correct words.
Women at work
Women and men are still not equal at work. More women have 1 careers / qualities than ever before, but the attitude
2
at / towards women has not changed much. They are still not as 3 exhausting / well-paid as men who do the same
work. Many women do 4 part-time / full-time jobs so that they have enough time for their families. Men have the
advantage 5 of / over women because employers know that they will not 6 make / take time off to have children, so
employers often prefer to 7 fire / hire men. There are some women with the 8 ambition / contract to reach the top,
but for every woman who is a 9 failure / success, there are hundreds who are doing 10 dead-end / current jobs.

2 Complete the sentences with these words.

commercials correspondent interview librarian newsreader presenter reviews soap operas

1 If people read good of a novel, they will want to buy it.

2 The film star did not want to discuss his relationship in the .
3 Mum never watches films on TV because there are too many .
4 The apologised to viewers for coughing as he read the headlines.
5 The helped the children to find the book they wanted.
6 This magazine is about and horoscopes; it is not very serious.
7 The reported from the area where the earthquake happened.
8 The of the dance competition introduced the dancers.

3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words given.
1 The to read this journal online is €60 a year. SUBSCRIBE
2 The teacher gave her students some about how to apply for a job. ADVISE
3 A driving licence is a for this job. REQUIRE
4 We think James may be a spy because he is so about his work. SECRET
5 The described the situation in his city after the nuclear accident. BLOG
6 As a doctor, it is John’s to help his patients. RESPONSIBLE
7 
The rich actor’s sad life proves that being does not always mean you WEALTH
are happy.

4 Complete the second sentence so it has the same meaning as the first sentence, using the word in bold.
You must use between two and five words, including the word given.
1 The sales of newspapers decreased this year. decrease
There has been the sales of newspapers this year.
2 Older readers may prefer printed books. for
Older readers may have printed books.
3 The politician did not say anything about the incident. comment
The politician did not the incident.
4 The tornado in the Philippines was front-page news. headlines
The tornado in the Philippines .
5 You can’t compare a serious journal with a magazine. comparison
There a serious journal and a magazine.
6 Mike has a well-paid job as the editor of the newspaper. salary
As the editor of the newspaper, Mike .
7 Donald became very wealthy when his company was successful. fortune
When his company was successful, Donald .

Progress Review 4 107

 4 Progress Review

Grammar
1 Complete the second sentence so it has the same meaning as the first sentence, using the word in
bold. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.
1 My favourite columnist wrote this article. by
This article my favourite columnist.
2 Sue quit her job because it was too stressful. not
If it hadn’t been so stressful, Sue her job.
3 The new editor fired some of the journalists. got
Some of the journalists the new editor.
4 People think she works here because she’s the boss’ daughter. is
It here because she’s the boss’ daughter.
5 Mr Clarke will hire the best candidate for the job. hired
The best candidate for the job will .
6 Companies rarely increase salaries nowadays. are
Nowadays salaries .
7 Pete isn’t getting a bonus this year because he didn’t work hard last year. worked
Pete would be getting a bonus this year if hard last year.
8 Grandpa remembers when he earned his first wage. paid
Grandpa remembers his first wage.

2 Complete the paragraph using the correct form of the passive.

Fifteen minutes of fame
‘In the future, everyone will be famous for fifteen minutes.’ The artist, Andy Warhol 1
(believe) to have said this in the sixties, and it is something that 2 (repeat) many
times since then. It’s certainly true that nowadays more people have the chance of becoming well-known, but many
people who 3 (make) famous through reality TV find that their fame soon disappears.
Usually, their faces 4
(forget) very quickly when they 5
(not see) regularly on the small screen. And now that TV 6 (replace) more and more by
the Internet, a video can easily 7 (upload) and it can 8
(watch) by thousands of viewers, especially if it goes viral. It might well 9 (share) for a
short time, but 10
it (remember)?

3 Circle the correct words.

1 The journalist killed / was killed in a car accident.
2 
If we hadn’t seen / didn’t see the news, we wouldn’t know about the flood.
3 
It is believed that this newsreader will retire / to be retiring soon.
4 
If the accountant makes another mistake, he would / might lose his job.
5 This video was taken by / with a mobile phone.
6 
The writer knew that her story had to tell / be told.

4 Complete the sentences with these words.

did had have if were when

1 If I you, I would apply for the job.
2 your book is popular, you could get rich!
3 If the salary had been higher, he would taken the job.
4 I would quit if I not like working here.
5 If the editor read the article, he would have published it.
6 This music is always played the news programme starts.

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