Assignment On Research Process by Kamini Chaudhary56788

PIPRAMS
GREATER NOIDA
SUBJECT - NURSING RESEARCH & STATISTICS
ASSIGNMENT
ON
RESEARCH PROBLEM
SUBMITTED TO :- SUBMITTED BY :-
MRS HARPREET KAUR MS KAMINI
ASSIST. PROFESSOR MSC.NURSING 1ST YEAR
PIPRAMS,GREATER NOIDA PIPRAMS,GREATER NOIDA
SUBMITTED ON :
28/JAN/2021
RESEARCH PROBLEM -
INTRODUCTION -
A Research problem is a statement about an area of concern, a condition to be
improved, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a troubling question that exists in
scholarly literature, in theory, or in practice that points to the need for
meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation. In some social science
disciplines the research problem is typically posed in the form of a question. A
research problem does not state how to do something offer a vague or broad
proposition, or present a value question.
DEFINITION -
‘‘A Situation for which we have no ready & successful response by instinct or
by previous acquired habit. We must find out what to do’’,i.e the solution can
be found out only after an investigation.
R.S. Woodworth.
In other words, a research problems is an concern where there is a gap in the
knowledge base needed for professional practices.
THE PURPOSE OF A PROBLEM STATEMENT IS TO :

 Introduce the reader to the importance of the topic being studied. The
reader is oriented to the significance of the study and the research
questions or hypothesis to follow.
 Places the problem into a particular context that defines the parameters of
what is to be investigations.
 Provides the framework for reporting the results and indicates what is
probably necessary to conduct the study and explain how the findings
will present this information.
ELEMENTS OF A RESEARCH PROBLEM - There are five distinct
elements of a research problem. There are also denoted by ‘‘5W’s’’.ie. Why,
What, When, Where, Who/from whom of a research study.
WHY - Objective or aim of the problem to be explored -
 This answers the question ‘‘why?’’ are research problem.

 This means why there is a need of carrying out this study

WHAT- The topic or theme which needs to be investigated -
 This answers the question ‘‘What?’’. What is to be studied?
WHEN - The time dimension -
 The period or time of the study when the data are to be gathered.
 This answers the question ‘‘When?’’ when is the research to be
performed?
WHERE - The area or location where the study is to be conducted -
 This answers the question ‘‘Where?’’ where we need to conduct the

study?
WHO - Populations or universe from whom the data needs to be gathered-
 This answers the question ‘‘Who?’’ or ‘‘from whom?’’

 Who are the respondents ? From whom the data to
 be collected?’’ These may include persons, group of persons, wound
dressings, syringes, each activity etc.
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD PROBLEM -

 Research problem is clearly, precisely articulated.
 It clearly states the variables, population, & research setting under study.
 Variables are expressed in measurable terms.
 The type of study also may be included in the statement of research
problem.
PROBLEM STATEMENTS SHOULD POSSESS THE
FOLLOWING ATTRIBUTES :
 Clarity and precision is well -written statement does not make sweeping
generalizations and irresponsible statements.
 Identification of what would be studied, while avoiding the use of value
-laden words and terms.
 Identification of an overarching question and key factors or variables .
 Identification of key concepts and terms.
 Articulation of the study’s boundaries of parameters,
 Some generalizability in regards to applicability and bringing results into
general use.
 Conveyance of the study’s importance, benefits , and justification
[regardless of the type of research ,it is important to address the ‘so what’
question by demonstrarting that the research is not trivial] ,
 Does not have unnecessary jargon; and,
 Conveyance of more than the more gathering of descriptive data
providing providing only a snapshot of the issue or phenomenon under
investigation.
COMPONENTS OF A RESEARCH PROBLEM -

A research problem has 6 components. They are as follows -
I. Relevance of the study.

II. Title of the study.
III. Operational definitions of the variables.
IV. Objectives of the study.
V. Delimitations of the study.
VI. Scope & limitations of the study.
TYPES AND CONTENT -

There are four general conceptualization of a research problem in the social
sciences:
1. Casuist Research Problem - This types of problem relates to the

determination of right and wrong in questions of conduct or conscience
by analyze moral dilemmas through the application of general rules and
the careful distinction of special cases.
2. Difference Research Problem - Typically asks the question, ‘‘Is there a

difference between two or more groups or treatments ?’’ This type of
problem statement is used when the researcher compares or contrasts two or
more phenomena.
3. Descriptive Research Problem - typically asks the question, what is..?”

with the underlying purpose to describe a situation, state, or existence of a
specific phenomenon.
4. Relational Research Problem - suggest a relationship of some sort between

two or more variables to be investigated. The underlying purpose is to
investigate qualities / characteristics that are connected in some way.
SOURCES OF PROBLEM -
Identifying a problem to study can be challenging, not because there is a lack of

issues that could be investigated, but due to pursuing a goal of formulating a
socially relevant and researchable problem statement that is unique and does not
simply duplicate the work of others. Because research is a time consuming
enterprise, curiosity about and interest in a topic are essential to a project’s
success. Explicit sources that might fuel researcher’s curiosity include
experience, the nursing literature, social issues, theories, and ideas from others.
 Experience and clinical fieldwork - for beginning of researchers in

particular, clinical experience is often the most compelling source for
topics .personal experience in clinical settings are a procative source of
research ideas.
Ex- why do many patients complain of being transferred from a coronary
care unit to a progressive care unit?
 Nursing Literature - Ideas for research projects often come from

reading the nursing literature. Beginning Nurse researchers can profit
from regularly reading nursing journals, either clinical speciality
journals or research journals such as Nursing Research or the Western
Journal of Nursing Research. Published research reports may suggest
problem areas indirectly by stimulating the imagination and directly by
specifying further areas in need of investigation.
 Social Issues - Sometimes, topics are suggested by more global

contemporary social or political issues of relevance to the health care
community.
 Theory - The fourth major source of research problems lies in the

theories and conceptual have been developed in nursing and related
disciplines, to be useful in nursing practice, theories must be tested
through research for their applicability to hospital units, clinics,
classroom, and other nursing environments.
 Ideas From External Sources - External sources can sometimes provide

the impetus for a research idea. In some cases, a research topic may be
given as a direct suggestion. Often, ideas for studies emerge as a result of
a brainstorming session. By discussing possible research topics with
peers, advisers or mentors, or researchers with advanced skills, ideas
often becomes clarified and sharpened or enriched and more fully
developed. Professional conferences often provide an excellent
opportunity for such discussions.
 Folklores - Common beliefs could be right or wrong. Eg ., Studying just

before examinations decrease the score. A researcher can conduct a study
to test this.
 Consultation with experts - Experts are believed to have sound

experience of their respective field, which may suggest a significant
problem to be studied. In addition experts may help in finding a current
problem of discipline to be solved which may serve as a basis for
formulation of research problem.
PHASES OF ESTABLISHING A PROBLEM STATEMENT -
The formulation of research problem is rarely a smooth and orderly one; there
are likely to be false starts, inspirations and setbacks .The Formulation of
research problem is a complex and long process, which includes following steps
:-
1. Selection of research areas

2. Reviewing the literature & theories
3. Delimiting the research topic
4. Evaluating the research problem
5. Formulating final statement of research problem
Selection of a research areas :
Formulate of a research problem begins with selection of a broad research topic

from personal experience, literature, previous research,& theories in which
researcher is interested & has significance for nursing profession.
Example: A researcher got interested in intravenous infusion.
Reviewing the literature &theories :
After getting a broad idea for research, needs to review the nursing literature &
theories. Literature is reviewed to know what has already been done in this
selected areas of research.
Delimiting the research problem :
In this step, researcher proceeds from a general area of interest to more specific
topic of research to conduct a study.
Evaluating the research problem :
Once researcher is clear about the specific research problem, next the research
problem must be carefully evaluated for its significance, researchability ,&
feasibility. Feasibility of the research problem should be evaluated for time,
cost, availability of subjects & resources, administrative & peer support, ethical
consideration, & researcher’s competence & interest.
Formulating final statement of research problem :
After establishing the significance, researchability, & feasibility, then researcher

finally formulate a final statement of a research problem. A statement of
research problem could be in declarative or interrogative format :
 Declarative formal : In this format, a research problem is stated in

declarative statement or sentence.
For Example: A study to compare the effectiveness of selected nursing

interventions on patients with phlebitis related to peripheral intravenous
infusion in selected hospitals at J&K.
 Interrogative formal : In interrogative format, a research problems is

stated in question form.
For Example : What is the influence of selected nursing interventions on

patients with phlebitis related to peripheral intravenous infusion in selected
hospitals at J&K.
BIBLIOGRAPHY -
 Dr. Suresh .K. Sharma, ‘Text book of Nursing Research And Statistics’’,
Research Problem, Edition Third, published by Elsevier:2018, pg no-72-
77.
 https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/maheswarijaikumar/a-research-
problem
 F. Polit Denise, Beck Cheryl tatano ‘‘,Nursing Research Principles and

Methods’’,Edition Seventh,: Published by Lippincott Wilims & Wilkins :
2009-02-01,pg no 65-69.
 B.T. Basavanthappa, ‘‘Nursing Research And Statistics’’ ,Edition t,

Published by Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers(p)Ltd. 2014. pg no-
125.
 Burns Nancy ,Grove K. Susan, ‘Understanding Nursing Research,’

’,Edition Fifth,; Published by Elsevier:2012, pg no -44-45,158-159.
 https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/drjayeshpatidar/research-problem-
20719286

Assignment On Research Process by Kamini Chaudhary56788

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Assignment On Research Process by Kamini Chaudhary56788

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Assignment On Research Process by Kamini Chaudhary56788

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

PIPRAMS

SUBJECT - NURSING RESEARCH & STATISTICS

MRS HARPREET KAUR MS KAMINI

ASSIST. PROFESSOR MSC.NURSING 1ST YEAR

PIPRAMS,GREATER NOIDA PIPRAMS,GREATER NOIDA

THE PURPOSE OF A PROBLEM STATEMENT IS TO :

WHY - Objective or aim of the problem to be explored -

 This answers the question ‘‘why?’’ are research problem.

WHAT- The topic or theme which needs to be investigated -

 This answers the question ‘‘What?’’. What is to be studied?

WHEN - The time dimension -

WHERE - The area or location where the study is to be conducted -

 This answers the question ‘‘Where?’’ where we need to conduct the

WHO - Populations or universe from whom the data needs to be gathered-

 This answers the question ‘‘Who?’’ or ‘‘from whom?’’

CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD PROBLEM -

COMPONENTS OF A RESEARCH PROBLEM -

I. Relevance of the study.

TYPES AND CONTENT -

1. Casuist Research Problem - This types of problem relates to the

2. Difference Research Problem - Typically asks the question, ‘‘Is there a

3. Descriptive Research Problem - typically asks the question, what is..?”

4. Relational Research Problem - suggest a relationship of some sort between

Identifying a problem to study can be challenging, not because there is a lack of

 Experience and clinical fieldwork - for beginning of researchers in

 Nursing Literature - Ideas for research projects often come from

 Social Issues - Sometimes, topics are suggested by more global

 Theory - The fourth major source of research problems lies in the

 Ideas From External Sources - External sources can sometimes provide

 Folklores - Common beliefs could be right or wrong. Eg ., Studying just

 Consultation with experts - Experts are believed to have sound

1. Selection of research areas

Selection of a research areas :

Formulate of a research problem begins with selection of a broad research topic

Example: A researcher got interested in intravenous infusion.

Reviewing the literature &theories :

Delimiting the research problem :

Evaluating the research problem :

After establishing the significance, researchability, & feasibility, then researcher

 Declarative formal : In this format, a research problem is stated in

For Example: A study to compare the effectiveness of selected nursing

 Interrogative formal : In interrogative format, a research problems is

For Example : What is the influence of selected nursing interventions on

 F. Polit Denise, Beck Cheryl tatano ‘‘,Nursing Research Principles and

 B.T. Basavanthappa, ‘‘Nursing Research And Statistics’’ ,Edition t,

 Burns Nancy ,Grove K. Susan, ‘Understanding Nursing Research,’

You might also like