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    Generic CRI On Large Antenna Installations

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    ayhun
    The document is a certification review item from EASA regarding structural certification criteria for large antenna installations. It identifies the applicable certification requirements and provides guidance on demonstrating compliance to them. These include requirements for load distribution, flight loads validation, pressurization, damage tolerance, lightning protection, materials, and continued airworthiness. EASA requests the applicant provide means of compliance for each identified regulation as the large antenna installation will require more stringent certification than past practice for small antennas.

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    Generic CRI On Large Antenna Installations

    Uploaded by

    ayhun
    87 views4 pages
    The document is a certification review item from EASA regarding structural certification criteria for large antenna installations. It identifies the applicable certification requirements and provides guidance on demonstrating compliance to them. These include requirements for load distribution, flight loads validation, pressurization, damage tolerance, lightning protection, materials, and continued airworthiness. EASA requests the applicant provide means of compliance for each identified regulation as the large antenna installation will require more stringent certification than past practice for small antennas.

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    Generic CRI on Large Antenna Installations

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    The document is a certification review item from EASA regarding structural certification criteria for large antenna installations. It identifies the applicable certification requirements and provides guidance on demonstrating compliance to them. These include requirements for load distribution, flight loads validation, pressurization, damage tolerance, lightning protection, materials, and continued airworthiness. EASA requests the applicant provide means of compliance for each identified regulation as the large antenna installation will require more stringent certification than past practice for small antennas.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    87 views4 pages

    Generic CRI On Large Antenna Installations

    Uploaded by

    ayhun
    The document is a certification review item from EASA regarding structural certification criteria for large antenna installations. It identifies the applicable certification requirements and provides guidance on demonstrating compliance to them. These include requirements for load distribution, flight loads validation, pressurization, damage tolerance, lightning protection, materials, and continued airworthiness. EASA requests the applicant provide means of compliance for each identified regulation as the large antenna installation will require more stringent certification than past practice for small antennas.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    The document discusses structural certification criteria for large antenna installations on aircraft according to EASA regulations.

    Load distribution limits, flight loads validation, vibration/buffeting effects, pressurization loads, damage tolerance/fatigue evaluation, lightning strike protection, material properties, fabrication methods, protection of structure, aeroelastic stability, icing effects, and instructions for continued airworthiness must all be addressed.

    The applicant must demonstrate by analysis and/or test that the aircraft is free from aeroelastic instability with the antenna and radome installed, either through a comparative analysis or showing that the installation itself complies with the regulation.

    Certification Review Item CRI C-xxx

    [Aircraft] Issue: xx

    EASA Project No. xxxxxx

    European Date: dd.mm.yyyy


    Aviation Structural Certification Criteria for Large Antenna Page: 1 of 4
    Safety Installations
    Agency
    Status: Open

    REQUIREMENTS: CS 25.23, 25.301, 25.305, 25.365, 25.571, 25.581, 25.603, 25.605,


    25.609, 25.613, 25.629, 25.631, 25.841, 25.901, 25.1419, 25.1529,
    and Appendix H

    ADVISORY MATERIAL: ---

    PRIMARY PANEL: 03 (Structures)


    SECONDARY PANELS: ---

    CATEGORY: Means of Compliance / Interpretative Material

    Statement of Issue:

    [Applicant] has applied for EASA approval of a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that
    includes installation of the structural mounting provisions and radome for a XXX installation.
    On similar projects, questions have been raised regarding the applicable structural
    requirements and acceptable means of compliance. The purpose of this CRI is to identify these
    requirements and provide a medium by which the compliance to these requirements is
    documented.

    Discussion:

    The consequences of loss of an antenna and/or radome become more significant with an
    increased size and weight of the antenna/radome installation. Therefore, past practice as
    applied to small antenna installations may not always be sufficient when applied to a large
    antenna installation. In fact, if loss of the antenna and/or radome is deemed catastrophic either
    due to decompression, or due to the antenna and/or radome striking the vertical or horizontal
    stabilizers, or for some other reason, then the structural certification criteria are more stringent.
    The XXX installation as proposed by the applicant is considered as a large antenna installation.

    Note: The structural requirements outlined herein are based on the latest amendment of CS-25,
    which may have to be modified to be consistent with the agreed upon certification basis of this
    installation.
    Aircraft Models: xxx CRI C-xxx
    Project: xxxx Issue: xxx
    Page: 2

    EASA Position dated dd.mm.yyyy:

    EASA requests that the applicant provides the means of compliance for each of the regulations
    identified below.

    CS 25.23 Load Distribution Limits


    The effect of the antenna/radome installation on the weight, centre of gravity, and load
    distribution limits of the aeroplane must be considered. These changes must be documented in
    the weight and balance document as required by CS 25.29 and CS 25.1519.

    CS 25.301(b) Flight Loads Validation


    Methods used to determine load intensities and distribution must be validated by flight load
    measurement unless the methods used for determining those loading conditions are shown to
    be reliable, or conservative.

    CS 25.305(e) Vibration and Buffeting


    The effects of vibration and buffeting on the aeroplane must be considered, as well as on the
    antenna/radome installation itself. CS 25.251 also applies, and needs to be complied with.

    CS 25.365(e) Pressurized Compartment Loads


    Rapid pressurization of the antenna compartment (radome) must be considered as outlined in CS
    25.365(e)(3) if loss of the radome/antenna could interfere with continued safe flight and landing.
    CS 25.365(e)(3) requires the consideration of “the maximum opening caused by aeroplane or
    equipment failures not shown to be extremely improbable.”

    EASA’s interpretation of CS 25.365(e)(3) is that to address structural failures, the opening size
    resulting from a skin bay failure (bounded by two adjacent frames and two adjacent stringers)
    should generally be considered (i.e. is not extremely improbable) as a minimum opening size,
    unless a smaller opening can be justified based upon the maximum level of cracking that can be
    conservatively expected when a directed inspection for the structure under the radome exists in
    the ALS. (The assumed crack size and resulting opening should account for bulging affects and
    the possibility of missed opportunities for detection.) Failures to equipment and items such as
    seals should also be considered separately and in combination with structural failures as
    appropriate.

    Consideration of CS 25.365(e)(1) is not required as the engine disintegration is assumed to


    adequately “vent” any remaining section of radome if the compartment beneath is penetrated.
    Application of the formula hole size requirement of CS 25.365(e)(2) is also not required, since, for
    the size of radome being considered, the majority of hole sizes up to the maximum stated in the
    formula will exceed the boundary of the antenna/radome. Furthermore, the potential for such
    large openings to create debris problems equivalent to or worse than the loss of the antenna
    alone supports the position that application of CS 25.365(e)(2) to such antenna would be beyond
    the accepted intent of the rule. Rather, the focus for compliance to the decompression
    requirement should be consideration of any airframe or equipment failures not shown to be
    extremely improbable, as explained above.

    CS 25.571 Damage Tolerance and Fatigue Evaluation of Structure


    A damage tolerance evaluation must be performed on any radome/antenna structure whose
    failure due to fatigue, corrosion or accidental damage could result in loss of the antenna/radome
    and subsequent tail strike, or other hazard such as rapid decompression of the aeroplane. Any
    inspection that is determined necessary as a result of this evaluation must be addressed as per
    CS 25.1529 and Appendix H.

    2/4
    Aircraft Models: xxx CRI C-xxx
    Project: xxxx Issue: xxx
    Page: 3

    CS 25.581 Lightning Strike


    The antenna and radome installation must be designed such that the aeroplane is protected
    against catastrophic effects from lightning.

    CS 25.603 Materials
    Materials used must conform to approved specifications. The suitability of the material to
    withstand the operational environment (e.g. temperature and humidity) must be assessed.

    CS 25.605 Fabrication Methods


    The methods of fabrication used must produce a consistently sound structure. Each new
    fabrication method must be substantiated by a test program.

    CS 25.609 Protection of Structure


    Each part of the structure must be suitably protected against deterioration or loss of strength in
    service and must have provisions for ventilation and drainage where necessary for protection.

    CS 25.613 Material Strength Properties and Design Values


    Design values used to design the antenna/radome installation must be established on a
    statistical basis. The applicant must take into account the operational environmental conditions
    (e.g. temperature and humidity) when establishing design values.

    CS 25.629 Aeroelastic Stability Requirements


    The applicant must demonstrate by analysis and/or test that the aeroplane is free from
    aeroelastic instability with the antenna and radome installed. This may be accomplished by a
    comparative analysis showing that the aeroelastic stability of the aeroplane will be unaffected
    by the change. If the antenna/radome installation is not conformal to the fuselage, such as an
    antenna/radome mounted above the fuselage, the installation itself must also comply with CS
    25.629.

    CS 25.631 Bird Strike


    The applicant must show that a bird strike on the antenna/radome, including attachments, will
    not prevent continued safe flight and landing. This includes consideration of parts that may
    separate from the aeroplane. This requirement need not be considered if it can be
    demonstrated that a bird cannot strike the antenna/radome, including attachments, within the
    normal flight envelope.

    CS 25.841 Cabin Pressurization


    Certain aeroplanes approved for operation at high altitude (above 41.000 ft) have Special
    Conditions addressing pressurization. For these aeroplanes, the requirements defined in the
    Special Condition apply to any modification of the pressure vessel.

    CS 25.901(c) Sustained Engine Imbalance


    The applicant may need to consider the effects of sustained engine imbalance (windmilling) if
    the antenna/radome design is such that it would be susceptible to structural failure due to
    vibration. It must be shown that the resulting vibration will not cause a structural failure of the
    antenna/radome installation that would result in a foreseeable hazard, either at the point of
    failure or downstream.
    AMC 25-24 provides further guidance on this subject.

    CS 25.1419 Icing
    Ice shedding from the antenna/radome installation should be considered. It must be shown that
    such shedding and the resulting damage to other parts of the aeroplane does not interfere with
    continued safe flight and landing.

    3/4
    Aircraft Models: xxx CRI C-xxx
    Project: xxxx Issue: xxx
    Page: 4

    CS 25.1529 & Appendix H Instructions for Continued Airworthiness


    The applicant must demonstrate compliance by developing an appropriate maintenance and
    inspection program.

    Airworthiness Directives
    The applicant should address any Airworthiness Directive(s) applicable to the area of the
    antenna/radome installation.

    [Applicant] Position:

    Conclusion:

    PCM Signature
    Date:

    4/4

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