Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 243 views

    EASA Presentation Antennas General

    Uploaded by

    ayhun
    This document provides a general introduction to structural aspects of aircraft antenna installations. It discusses design issues such as the different sizes, shapes, and locations of antenna installations. It also discusses airworthiness issues such as how antenna installations are approved, applicable classification and requirements, and main Certification Specifications that apply. The document aims to give an overview of structural considerations for antenna installations on small and large aircraft.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    EASA Presentation Antennas General

    Uploaded by

    ayhun
    243 views11 pages
    This document provides a general introduction to structural aspects of aircraft antenna installations. It discusses design issues such as the different sizes, shapes, and locations of antenna installations. It also discusses airworthiness issues such as how antenna installations are approved, applicable classification and requirements, and main Certification Specifications that apply. The document aims to give an overview of structural considerations for antenna installations on small and large aircraft.

    Original Title

    EASA presentation Antennas General

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document provides a general introduction to structural aspects of aircraft antenna installations. It discusses design issues such as the different sizes, shapes, and locations of antenna installations. It also discusses airworthiness issues such as how antenna installations are approved, applicable classification and requirements, and main Certification Specifications that apply. The document aims to give an overview of structural considerations for antenna installations on small and large aircraft.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    243 views11 pages

    EASA Presentation Antennas General

    Uploaded by

    ayhun
    This document provides a general introduction to structural aspects of aircraft antenna installations. It discusses design issues such as the different sizes, shapes, and locations of antenna installations. It also discusses airworthiness issues such as how antenna installations are approved, applicable classification and requirements, and main Certification Specifications that apply. The document aims to give an overview of structural considerations for antenna installations on small and large aircraft.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 11

    General Structural Aspects of

    Antenna Installations
    Wim Doeland
    ([email protected])
    EASA Structures Expert
    Presented at EASA/NAA/Industry Workshop
    Cologne, 17/18 September 2014
    Purpose & Contents

    Purpose
    To provide a general introduction to structural
    aspects of aircraft antenna installation

    Contents
    Design issues
    Airworthiness issues

    Focus in this presentation is on CS-23 Small Aeroplanes &


    CS-25 Large Aeroplanes

    2
    Design Issues

    Different sizes, shapes and locations of antenna


    installation
    Mostly blade and radome type

    3
    Design Issues

    Different sizes, shapes and locations of antenna


    installation (cont’d)
    “Large” or “Small”
    Typically “small” when antenna installation is confined within one
    skin bay (two adjacent frames and two adjacent stringers)
    Boundary layer criterion: see Large Antenna presentation
    Fuselage
    Cross-section: top, bottom
    Longitudinal: forward, aft
    Empennage

    4
    Design Issues

    Additional considerations
    Pressurised / unpressurised fuselage
    Aircraft approved for high altitude operations (above 41.000
    / 45.000 feet)
    Metallic vs. composite baseline structure
    Interrelationship with baseline structure, modifications and
    repairs
    Known / identified interrelationships to be addressed by Applicant
    Responsibility of installer (see statement in EASA STC’s)
    Location and installation of systems (TCAS, GPS, Live TV,…):
    Inside/outside the cabin/cockpit
    Equipment racks, trays, shelves, brackets,…
    Penetrations through pressure bulkheads
    5
    Airworthiness Issues

    Antenna installations approved as:


    Part of initial Type Design (“TC Configuration”)
    Installations “post-TC”
    By TC Holder (Design Changes / STC’s)
    By STC Holder
    Own resources, or through an arrangement with the TC Holder (ref. 21A.113(b))
    Solely referring to installations from other companies is not an acceptable means
    of compliance

    6
    Airworthiness Issues

    Classification (ref. 21A.91 & 21A.101) of antenna installations


    Typically “Non-significant”
    See EASA website FAQ (for General Aviation)
    http://easa.europa.eu/system/files/dfu/FAQ_change_classification.pdf
    Rule of thumb (for all aircraft):
    Typically Major if:
    Large antenna installation, and/or:
    Pressure vessel penetration

    7
    Airworthiness Issues

    Applicable Requirements
    Establishment of Design Approval Basis (ref. 21A.101)
    Compliance with TC Basis of aircraft being modified
    Compliance with later requirements
    Differences between various airworthiness codes
    E.g. CS-23 vs. CS-25
    Differences between CS/JAR and FAR requirements
    Different CS/JAR and FAR Amendment levels, e.g.:
    Emergency landing load factors
    (pre/post JAR-25 Change 13 / FAR 25 Am.64)
    Fatigue & Damage Tolerance
    (pre/post JAR-25 Change 7 / FAR 25 Am.45, or pre/post FAR 25 Am. 96)

    8
    Airworthiness Issues

    Applicable Requirements (cont’d)


    Retro-active requirements
    Ageing Aircraft (Proposed EASA Part 26 / CFR Part 26)
    Generic CRI / IP’s for Large Antenna Installations
    High altitude operation
    Above 41.000 ft: Generic CRI (CS-25 / CS-23 HPA)
    Loss of antenna needs to be considered
    Above 45.000 ft: FAR 25.365(d) requires 1.67 factor (“2.5Δp”),
    whereas CS 25.365(d) requires 1.33 factor

    9
    Airworthiness Issues

    Applicable Requirements (cont’d)


    Main CS-25 requirements
    Vibration & buffeting – 25.251, 25.305(e)
    Loads – 25.301(b)
    Static strength – 25.303, 25.305, 25.307, 25.613
    Composites - 25.603
    Rapid decompression – 25.365
    Emergency landing conditions – 25.561
    Fatigue & damage tolerance – 25.571, 25.1529
    Aeroelasticity – 25.629
    Bird strike - 25.631
    High altitude flight – 25.841
    Engine Sustained Imbalance – 25.901
    10
    Thank you for your attention!

    Any questions….?

    You might also like