National University

of Computer & Emerging Sciences-Islamabad

Fast School of Business

FAST SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT

Final Year Project guidelines, procedures and

regulations for undergraduates

Year 2012

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 1

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

SERIAL CONTENTS PAGE NUMBER

NUMBER

1.0 Introduction 3

1.1 Objectives 3

1.2 Approaching the undertaking 3

2.0 Format options 4

2.1 The empirical research paper 4

2.2 The feasibility study / business 5

plan

2.3 The business consultancy report 6

2.4 Approximate timelines relevant to 8

each format

3.0 Thesis layout 9

4.0 Timelines and penalties 10

5.0 Essential guidelines 11

5.1 The project brief 11

5.2 The project proposal 12

5.3 Selection of supervisor 12

5.4 Providing references 13

5.5 Plagiarism 16

6 Appendices 19

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 2

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Objectives
The objectives set for students undertaking the final year project are:
 To explore one area of your program in depth
 To work independently on your own initiative
 To gather information in a thorough and rigorous manner
 To process and integrate material in a sustained exercise of intellectual ordering
 To produce a coherent, literary document

The FYP is a concise report comprising of a minimum of 10,000 and maximum of

20,000 words. BBA students are required to carry out the projects in groups of 5-6
students. Please note that there is 50 percent weight age of group work and 50 percent
of individual contribution.
In case of external supervision, an observer from the department will be recommended
to ensure that the quality of the report remains up to the standard.

1.2 Approaching the Undertaking

All research poses a question to which it seeks an answer. The FYP is no different. This
project will ask a question about an aspect of business studies; it will research the
material necessary to engage with that question; it will analyze and interpret that material
to reach a conclusion; and it will present its findings in a concise report.

The FYP initiates its own investigation and then gathers the material necessary to satisfy
that inquiry. The Final Year Report, therefore, establishes an area of inquiry assembles
relevant evidence and argues to a conclusion that is supported by that evidence.

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2.0 Format Options

There are a number of different formats that you may use for the final, written document
of your FYP. In conjunction with your FYP Supervisor, you should review the options
and select the format that best suits the nature of the topic. The following formats are
acceptable for your final report:

a) The empirical research paper

b) The feasibility study / business plan
c) The business consultancy report

2.1 The Empirical Research Paper

Empirical research involves the collection, analysis and interpretation of data. An
empirical research paper presents its findings in the form of a well-developed analysis
defended by the evidence. The data may be gathered first-hand (e.g. interviews,
questionnaires, observations, focus groups, etc.) or second-hand (e.g. a content analysis
of financial reports, television commercials or an organization’s internal correspondence;
or a re-analysis of existing data like OECD reports or computerized personnel records,
etc.). This format is also appropriate for case studies.

Like all FYPs, an empirical research paper will include an abstract, title page, table of
contents, etc. The following is indicative of the layout of the main body of an empirical
research paper:
•Introduction – summarizes the aims of the research project; defines the area or topic;
sets the context
•Literature Review – reviews the relevant literature providing a commentary on the
existing state of knowledge (theories, and empirical evidence), trends, controversies, etc.;
identifies gaps in the knowledge and concludes with specific research questions.
•Method – outlines the steps taken in the collection of data with enough detail that the
study could be replicated (repeated); it provides concise justification for the research
strategy chosen
•Results – details the findings from the data collection: may include tables, figures,
and/or quotes from interviews; may include descriptive and inferential statistics.
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•Discussion (including Conclusion) – pulls together the research questions that were
asked with the answers that were obtained through the analysis of the data; provides
commentary on these findings (e.g. do they confirm or reject particular views?; how do
they inform the literature?); identifies limitations of the existing study and makes
suggestions for future research; states clearly the conclusions that are reached and the
implications and recommendations for relevant stakeholders (e.g. businesses,
practitioners, governments, academics).

There must be clear links amongst the various sections of the paper. You are telling one
story that is made up from several parts; these parts must be well integrated. The data
you collect must be linked to the research questions you have identified in your
Introduction and to the conclusions you reach in your Discussion. Your Discussion must
also refer back to the Literature Review.

Not all empirical papers follow this precise layout and you and your Supervisor may
decide that another layout suits your research better. However, it is important to
understand the role of the various sections and how they fit together. If you deviate from
this layout, you should be clear why you are doing it. Student must keep in mind that
empirical research should not solely be based on secondary data.

2.2 The Feasibility Study / Business Plan:

Whereas an empirical paper asks and answers a research question, a feasibility study asks
and answers a question about whether establishing a new product or service is feasible. It
assesses the commercial and technical viability of the proposed enterprise by exploring
potential markets, preparing costing and financial projections, considering the sourcing of
raw material, assessing any plant and equipment needs, etc.
Like all FYPs, it will include an introductory summary. However, in a feasibility study,
this summary is called an Executive Summary instead of an Abstract. Like all FYPs, it
will also need to include a title page, table of contents, appendices, etc. A typical layout
for the body of the feasibility study is:

•Introduction – establishes the rationale for the business ideas, includes any relevant

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 5

background information and generally introduces the project
•Product/Service & process Description – provides a clear description and profile of
the proposed product/service – researches how you propose to manufacture the product or
process the service
•Product scope, future sales projections and demand gap
•Management/Employee Structure – who will manage the business, how many staff do
you require, profile of staff required
•Facility layout – Operational view of the business
•Financial Requirements – what finance is required to start the business, how/where do
you propose to source this finance and financial projections up to the break-even
•Plans for Future Development of the Business – where and how will you progress the
business idea, what are the issues and challenges
•Conclusion – is the product/service feasible, what are your conclusions and
recommendations.

2.3 The Business Consultancy Report

A Business Consultant draws on theory, knowledge and practical experience and applies
them to solving a particular business problem or issue. In the Business Consultancy
Report, the student assumes the role of a consultant advising the client on the best options
available to solve a business problem. This process involves clarification of the specific
business problem, identification, research and evaluation of the various solutions to the
problem, the recommendation of one best solution and recommendations on how best to
implement this solution. The consultancy project could be in Financial Management,
Accounting system design, Marketing, Human Resource Management, Information
Technology, etc. It could involve the analysis of an industry, a company, a brand or
product line, an expansion, a take-over, as well as systems development, training,
exportation, etc. As with all FYPs, your project will require a title page, table of
contents, appendices, etc. It will also need an introductory summary (here called an
Executive Summary instead of an Abstract). A possible layout for the body of a business
consultancy report is:

•Introduction – describes the consultancy project, its goals and the initial issues and

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 6

options identified
•Scope & Goals – includes the time scales, the areas the project covers, basic
assumptions and constraints. Covers the goals relating to the project
•Methodology – details the research process
•Analysis – includes a review of the findings (primary and secondary). Identifies and lists
the issues
•Recommendations – makes recommendations of the options based on the analysis
carried out
•Implementation – (if applicable) details the action plan for carrying out the
recommendations
•Consequences and Requirements – (if applicable) identifies the implications of the
recommendations
•Conclusions

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 2.4 Approximate Timelines Relevant To Each Format

The summary with approximate timelines for the chapters of each of the format is given
below:

Timelines Week 1-5 Week 5 -10 Week 10-15 Week 15 - 18

Empirical Brief and Working on Field work should Finalization of
research paper draft proposal. introduction & be in progress. chapters.
Finalization literature review, and Results should be Viva/presentation.
of proposal possibly data compiled. Award of grades
collection instrument. Conclusion must for the Semester
Method of study come to an end.
should be finalized.
Feasibility Brief and Working on Financial Finalization of
study draft proposal. introduction, product requirements chapters.
Finalization service and product chapter should be Viva/presentation.
of proposal service process concluded. Plans Award of grades
description. Project for future for the Semester
scope, future sales development of the
projections, business and
management/employe conclusion
e structure be chapters must
finalized come to an end
The business Brief and Working on Analysis & Finalization of
consultancy draft proposal. introduction, scope recommendations chapters.
report Finalization and goals, and should be Viva/presentation.
of proposal possibly provided. Award of grades
methodology Implementation for the Semester
and conclusion
must come to an
end

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 8

3. Thesis Layout

The physical layout of the thesis should be as follows:

Sections of FYP Information to be included, in specified order

1. Front cover  The name of the institution
 Title of FYP
 The author’s name and student ID number
 Program of Study for which FYP is submitted
 Supervisor’s name
 Year of completion
2. Title page  The name of the institution.
 Program of Study for which FYP is submitted (MBA,
BBA etc.)
 The year of submission
 The author’s name and student ID number
 The title of the FYP
 The name of the Supervisor
 The following statement to be included at the bottom of
the title page: “This project is solely the work of the
author and is submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirements of the Degree of _______” (submit
appropriate degree, e.g. Bachelors of Business
Administration)
3. Abstract/ Executive  This stand alone summary should not exceed one page
4. Acknowledgements  Not required, but you may wish to thank individuals or
organizations that helped with the project

5. List of contents  Should be entitled “Contents”

 Include list of titles of sections of the project
6. List of tables and figures *  Include if there are more than five tables/figures
7. Main body of text
8. Bibliography  Should follow the format provided in the handbook
9. Appendices  Should include details that are not appropriate to include
in the main body of the text (e.g. questionnaires,
transcripts of interviews, etc.)
 To be lettered A, B, C, etc.
 To have a cover page “Appendices” that appears in the
table of contents
 It is not counted as part of the 10,000 word count
10. Back cover

*All tables, figures and charts should be clearly labeled and numbered. Each table, chart or figure will
have a number which reflects the chapter and the order within the chapter e.g. the first table in Chapter 3
will be Table 3.1, while the first figure in Chapter 3 will be Figure 3.1.

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 9

4. Timelines and Penalties

The following table details key times and events in the FYP process. It is your
responsibility to ensure that you meet your deadlines and progress at the expected rate.

Semester Time Description Penalties

FYP-1 Weeks 1-3 Explore ideas; anticipate a
project brief; talk to faculty
members (see Item 5.1 for
details of project brief)
FYP-1 Week 4 Submission of project brief Students may be left
(see Item 5.1 for details of without supervisors
project brief)
FYP-1 Week 6 Research Proposal/Proposal Project may be postponed
draft submitted to supervisor till next semester
(see Item 5.2 for details)
FYP-1 Week 8 Proposal submitted to the Grade reduction in
academic office for official evaluation of the proposal
records.
FYP-1 Week 16 Proposal finalized.
Submission of first couple of
chapters of FYP e.g
introduction, literature review
and methodology in empirical
research paper.

FYP-1 Week 18 -20 Viva / Presentation. Award of One grade reduction by

final grade for Semester I the department for late
submission
FYP-2 FYP-1 is a pre requisite for
FYP-2
FYP-2 Week 8 Data collection and
completion

FYP-2 Week 12 Findings and analysis

completion

FYP-2 Week 15 Final project report

submission
FYP-2 Week 18 - 20 Viva/presentation and award One grade reduction by
of final grades the department for late
submission

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 10

5. Essential Guidelines

5.1 Project Brief

The project brief is a one page document which conveys the main idea of the project to
the prospective supervisor. This is the basis of initial discussions between students and
supervisors. Rather than a purely oral discussion, students must approach supervisors
with a project brief.
Project Brief should be submitted to the related clusters for the evaluation of the topic
and its feasibility. There is no presentation required for the brief.
Parts of the brief:
The brief should have the following parts:
• Project title
• Three to six keywords
• Two paragraphs (approx. 250 words) explaining the key idea and methodology of
the project.

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 11

5.2 Project Proposal
The proposal is a roadmap, showing the location from where the journey begins the
destination, and the route taken to get there. It tells us what, why, how, where, and to
whom and by whom will the research be done. It is a work plan, an outline, a statement
of intent or a draft plan. The FYP proposal will be evaluated by all the clusters for
approval.
The proposal should be 4 to 8 pages long (or1500-3000 words, maximum) and should
take the following form:
Parts of a proposal:
The proposal for a final year project should have the following parts:
• Project title
• Purpose of the study (introduction/brief background)
• Aims and objectives (usually written as 4-8 bullet points)
• Literature review (including importance/benefits of the study)
• Research design and methodology
• The analysis (i.e. the proposed analysis)
• Timelines / project plan (over 6 months)
• Output/Deliverables
• Bibliography
• Appendices – brief CV of the researchers
• Appendices – e.g. measurement instrument, depending on project
5.3 Selection of Supervisor
A student can either select an Internal Supervisor or an external supervisor. In case of an
external supervisor an observer from the permanent faculty will monitor the activities. It
has to be ensured that the external supervisor is either from the middle management of an
organization or should be a faculty member in any other university. The supervisor
should assist the student by all means, but is not supposed to do work for him/her.

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 12

5.4 Providing References (Made Simple)
References form an essential part of the FYP. To provide proper references, you must
train yourself to think in term of ‘In-Text Referencing’ and ‘End-Referencing’ which is
also called the ‘List Of References’. The former is about providing a reference while you
are writing the main document, while the latter is a detailed list which is provided at the
end of a document. Examples of Harvard referencing, which is the most commonly used
style in management journals, are provided below.

 In Text Referencing
Some examples of how to use references in the main text are:
 Cooper and Schindler (2001) argued that …..
 There is general consensus in the literature that….. (Goodstein, 1994; Ingram and
Simons, 1995; Wood et al., 2003).
 It has been argued that …… (Goodstein, 1994a, 1994b, 2003; Ingram and
Simons, 1995).
 The findings of an earlier paper by Goodstein (1994) differ from the subsequent
trends indicated by the literature in this area (Goodstein, 2003; Ingram and
Simons, 1995; Wood et al., 2003; Wikipedia, 2007; MoD, 2007).
 When indicating a page number, you can do it like this (Meyer and Rowan, 1977,
pp. 342) or (Meyer and Rowan, 1977: 342) or (Meyer and Rowan, 1977, p. 342)
Please note:
 All the commas, semicolons, colons full stops and brackets serve a purpose.
 Where the name of an author is a natural part of the sentence, it is not written in
the brackets.
 ALL NAMES ARE SURNAME i.e. FAMILY NAMES or SECOND NAMES, so
the faculty members would be: Nadeem, S., Bhatti, Y., Sadiq, M. ……DO NOT
USE FIRST NAMES
 List of References
This should be arranged alphabetically, by the SURNAME of authors. Table 1 provides
examples of how information should be presented for commonly used material (using

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 13

 Harvard system). The same material is provided as a list of references after Table 1.

Nature of material The way information should be presented

Book: When the Cooper, D. R. and Schindler, R. S. (2001), Business Research
whole book is Methods (7th edition), Singapore, McGraw-Hill. Note: provide the
written by the named information on edition of the book if available.
author(s).
Book: When you are Baum, J. A. C. (ed.) (2002), Companion to Organisations, Oxford,
naming the editor of Blackwell Publishers Ltd. Note: use (ed.) for one editor and (eds.) if
the book more than one editors.
Book chapter: Amburgey, T. L. and Singh, J. V. (2002), ‘Organisational
When each chapter is Evolution’ in Baum, J.A.C. (ed), Companion to Organisations,
written by different Oxford, Blackwell Publishers Ltd. Note: Mention edition of the
authors. book at the end of the book name, if applicable.
Report 1: A stand Chaplin, J., Mangla, J., Purdon, S. and Airey, C. (2005), The
alone report Workplace Employee Relations Survey 2004 Technical Report,
London, National Centre for Social Research.
Report 2: Part of a Hogarth, T., Hasluck, C. Pierre, G., Winterbotham, M. & Vivian, D.
series, hence series (2001), Employee friendly flexible working 2000: Baseline study of
number mentioned employee friendly flexible working practices in Great Britain, DfEE
Research Report No. 249, Nottingham, DfEE Publications. Or With
three or more authors, you can give the first two surnames and et al.
So the above would be: Hogarth, Hasluck et al. (2001), Employee
friendly …..
Journal article: Meyer, J. W. and Rowan, B. (1977), ‘Institutionalised organisations:
formal structure as myth and ceremony’, American Journal of
Sociology, Vol. 83, No. 2, pp. 340-63. OR Meyer, J. W. and Rowan,
B. (1977), ‘Institutionalised organisations: formal structure as myth
and ceremony’, American Journal of Sociology, 83(2), 340-63.
Magazine article: Elliott, M. (2007), The Chinese Century, Time, Vol. 169, No. 2, pp.
e.g. in Time 15-23, January 22 Or Elliott, M. (2007, January 22), The Chinese
Century, Time, Vol. 169, No. 2, pp. 15-23
Newspaper article Roberts, D. (1998), ‘BAe sells property wing for $301m’, The Daily
1: When author is Telegraph, London, 10 October, pp. 31.
known
Newspaper article Guardian (1992), ‘Fraud trial at Britannia Theme Park’, The
2: When author is Guardian, Manchester, 5 February, pp. 4.
not known
Net download 1: Wikipedia (2007), Harvard Referencing, [online] Available from
Your favourite site http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_referencing, [Accessed 6th
April 2007] Note: Trust this sheet more than you trust wikipedia!
Note: On most web pages, you can see the date on which it was last
modified. Use that date in the initial parenthesis and not the date
you accessed it on.

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 14

Net download 2: Telenor (2007), About Telenor, [online] Available from
Corporate author http://www.telenor.com/about/, [Accessed 6th April 2007] Note: On
most web pages, you can see the date on which it was last modified.
Use that date in the initial parenthesis and not the date you accessed
it on.
Working paper Dex, S. and Smith, C. (2001), Which British employers have family-
friendly policies? Analysis of the 1998 Workplace Employee
Relations Survey, Research papers in management studies, WP
17/2001, Cambridge, The Judge Institute of Management Studies.
Thesis David, S. (2003), The role of power in employment relations,
Unpublished PhD thesis, Cass Business School, London.

Table 1: Examples of the way information should be presented in the end list of
references
 REFERENCES
(This is how your end referencing should look like – ALPHABETICALLY
arranged)
Amburgey, T. L. and Singh, J. V. (2002), ‘Organisational Evolution’ in Baum, J.A.C. (ed),
Companion to Organisations, Oxford, Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
Baum, J. A. C. (ed.) (2002), Companion to Organisations, Oxford, Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
Chaplin, J., Mangla, J., Purdon, S. and Airey, C. (2005), The Workplace Employee Relations
Survey 2004 Technical Report, London, National Centre for Social Research.
th
Cooper, D. R. and Schindler, R. S. (2001), Business Research Methods (7 edition), Singapore,
McGraw-Hill.
David, S. (2003), The role of power in employment relations, Unpublished PhD thesis, Cass
Business School, London.
Dex, S. and Smith, C. (2001), Which British employers have family-friendly policies? Analysis
of the 1998 Workplace Employee Relations Survey, Research papers in management studies, WP
17/2001, Cambridge, The Judge Institute of Management Studies.
Elliott, M. (2007), The Chinese Century, Time, Vol. 169, No. 2, pp. 15-23, January 22 Guardian
(1992), ‘Fraud trial at Britannia Theme Park’, The Guardian, Manchester, 5 February, pp. 4.
Hogarth, T., Hasluck, C. Pierre, G., Winterbotham, M. & Vivian, D. (2001), Employee
friendly flexible working 2000: Baseline study of employee friendly flexible working practices in
Great Britain, DfEE Research Report No. 249, Nottingham, DfEE Publications.
Meyer, J. W. and Rowan, B. (1977), ‘Institutionalised organisations: formal structure as myth
and ceremony’, American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 83, No. 2, pp. 340-63.

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 15

NUCES (2006). Undergraduate Student’s Handbook 2006-2007, Islamabad, National University
of Computer and Emerging Sciences.
Roberts, D. (1998), ‘BAe sells property wing for $301m’, The Daily Telegraph, London, 10
October, pp. 31.
Telenor (2007), About Telenor, [online] Available from http://www.telenor.com/about/,
th
[Accessed 6 April 2007]
Wikipedia (2007), Harvard Referencing, [online] Available from
th
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_referencing, [Accessed 6 April 2007]
Note: Contact the library for further information.
5.5. Plagiarism
Presenting the words, the work, or the opinions of someone else as one’s own,
without proper acknowledgement is plagiarism. This includes material published on
the Internet.

Equally, copying the sequence in which someone else has arranged their ideas, their
thoughts or the material they have collected and analyzed without proper
acknowledgement (even if you are using your own words) is also plagiarism. This
includes copying material from other students.

Information on plagiarism is provided in the University’s Students’ Handbook (NUCES,

2006: 3). The next sub-section elaborates some commonly held misperceptions about
plagiarism.

Elaborating Plagiarism in the Words of Students

1. You cannot copy anybody else’s wording ‘word by word’ even if you are going to
give a reference at the end as this is plagiarism. (The idea is to summarize the
thoughts of others in your own words and then give a reference)
2. Definitions, where it is acceptable to copy the words, can be in quotes followed
by the proper in-text reference. It is also acceptable to write a definition without
quotation marks and give the reference immediately after the definition sentence
finishes. (Note: Definitions are usually one sentence long)
3. You cannot copy multiple paragraphs (even if you are using your own words)

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 16

 from someone else’s work, and give reference at the end of the last paragraph only,
without making it clear that all the paragraphs are from another source as this is still
plagiarism. You cannot assume that people will know that e.g. all four paragraphs are
from the source mentioned at the end of the fourth paragraph.
4. If you are copying a list developed by another author (and even if you are using
the list to develop sub-heading for your document), you must make it clear that the
list was developed by Author X, giving proper in-text and end-text reference. If you
do not identify the source of the list, this is plagiarism.
5. If you copy the first sentence or two of each of the ten to twelve paragraphs from
a document and make it into a new paragraph, it is still plagiarism.
6. If you are consistently using the work of one author for many paragraphs, you
may think that it is not essential to repeatedly give the reference. This could be
acceptable if you have made it clear that the discussion in a particular sub-section or
under a subheading is influence by the work of Author X. (Note: As mentioned in
Item 1, you still cannot use the ‘words’ of Author X)
7. If you first copy someone’s words and then explain the same idea in your own
words, not making it clear which are your words and which are borrowed, this is
plagiarism.
8. If you copy the key thoughts from a paragraph of another author, Author Y, and
that author has used multiple references in his/her work in this paragraph, you may
end up copying all the referencing in the paragraph. Copying multiple referencing
from another source is plagiarism unless you make it absolutely clear that this
collection of references is not yours but that of Author Y.
Overall, referencing should be given in such a way that it is obvious to the reader that
you have used the ideas of another person in a paragraph or multiple paragraphs.
Also, forgetting to give a reference is plagiarism.
Cutting references by accident because the word count was too high is plagiarism.

Please note, you may be tempted to retain the well structured sentences of
the original documents, but they are not your work.

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 17

References
Final year project booklet for undergraduates, class of 2008: Kemmy Business School

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 18

 6: Appendix

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 19

6.1 Project Brief Format

Title of the project: ________________________

Supervisor: _______________________________

Student Name/ Roll No.: _________________________

250 Words (Approx. Two Paragraphs)

Font size: 12
New Times Roman
Justified
Line Spacing: 1.5
Margins: Normal (1, 1, 1, 1)

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 20

6.2 Project Proposal Format

Project Proposal
Project Title

Name, Roll No: __________ Supervisor: Name & Signature

__________ Observer: Name & Signature
__________
__________

National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences,

Islamabad

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 21

Parts of a proposal
 Project title

 Purpose of the study (introduction/brief background)

 Aims and objectives (usually written as 4-8 bullet points)

 Literature review (including importance/benefits of the study)

 Research design and methodology

 The analysis (i.e. the proposed analysis)

 Timelines / project plan (over 6 months)

 Output/Deliverables

 Bibliography

 Appendices – brief CV of the researchers

 Appendices – e.g. measurement instrument, depending on project

Format:
Heading
Sub heading
Sub - Sub heading
Main body: New Times Roman
Font Size: 12
Line Spacing: 1.5
Left Align, Justified
Margins: Normal (1, 1, 1, 1)
Length:
1500 - 3000 Words (Approx. 4-8 Pages)

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6.3 Project Report Format

FYP TITLE

Name,Roll No: __________ Supervisor:

__________ Observer:
__________
__________

Final Year Project Report

Year of Completion

National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences,

Islamabad

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 23

 FYP TITLE

Name, Roll No: __________ Supervisor:

__________ Observer:
__________
__________

Final Year Project Report

Year of Completion

Word Count:

This report is submitted to National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences

on dd/mm/yy, in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of
Masters/Bachelors of Business Administration.

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 24

 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Font size: 12
New Times Roman
Justified
Line Spacing: 1.5
Margins: Normal (1, 1, 1, 1)

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 25

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Font size: 12
New Times Roman
Justified
Line Spacing: 1.5
Margins: Normal (1, 1, 1, 1)

FYP Guidelines-BBA Page 26

 LIST OF CONTENTS

Executive Summary ................................................................................................. iv

Acknowledgements ................................................................................................... v
List of Contents........................................................................................................ vi
List of Contents....................................................................................................... vii
List of Tables ......................................................................................................... viii
List of Tables ........................................................................................................... ix
List of Figures ........................................................................................................... x
1. Introduction........................................................................................................... 1
1.1 ......................................................................................................................... 2
1.2 ......................................................................................................................... 2
1.3 ......................................................................................................................... 2
1.4 ......................................................................................................................... 3
2. Literature Review .................................................................................................. 4
2.1 ......................................................................................................................... 5
2.2 ......................................................................................................................... 5
2.2.1 .................................................................................................................. 6
2.2.2 .................................................................................................................. 8
2.3 ........................................................................................................................10
2.4 ....................................................................................................................... 11
2.5 ........................................................................................................................12
3. Methodology .......................................................................................................15
3.1 ........................................................................................................................16
3.2 ........................................................................................................................16
3.3 ........................................................................................................................17
3.3.1 .................................................................................................................18
3.3.2 .................................................................................................................24
4. Analysis ...............................................................................................................28
4.1 ........................................................................................................................29
4.2 ........................................................................................................................29
4.3 ........................................................................................................................29
4.4 ........................................................................................................................31
4.4.1 .................................................................................................................31
4.4.2 ................................................................................................................33
4.4.3 .................................................................................................................34
4.5 ........................................................................................................................34
4.5.1 .................................................................................................................36
4.5.2 .................................................................................................................37

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4.6............................................................................................................................39
4.7 ........................................................................................................................41
4.8 ........................................................................................................................44
4.9 ........................................................................................................................45
4.10 ......................................................................................................................45
5. Conclusion ...........................................................................................................50
5.1 ........................................................................................................................51
5.1.1 .................................................................................................................51
5.1.2 .................................................................................................................54
5.2 .........................................................................................................................55
References................................................................................................................57

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 LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1: …………………………………………………………………....................19

Table 3.2: ……………………………………………………………………………......20

Table 3.3: ………………………………………………………………………......22, 23

Table 3.4: ………………………………………………………………………………..25

Table 3.5: ……………………………………...………………………………………26

Table 3.6: ……………………………………………………………………………...26

Table 4.1:…………………………………...………………………………………....30

Table 4.2: ……………………………………….………………………………….......31

Table 4.3: …………………………………………………………………………........32

Table4.4:………………………………………………..……………………………......32

Table 4.5:………………………………………………………….……………………33

Table 4.6 (a): ……………………………………………….…………………………...42

Table 4.6 (b): ………………………………………………………………………........43

Table4.6(c)…………………………………………………..…………………………..43

Table 4.7:………………………………………………………………………………..44

Table 4.8: ……………………………….……………………………………………….45

Table 4.9:………………………………………………………………………………...46

Table 4.10 ……………………………………………………………………………….47

Table 4.11 ………………...……………………………………………………………..47

Table 4.12 …………..…………………………………………………………………...47

Table 4.13 (a) ……………………………………………………………………………48

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 2.1:................................................................................................................14
Figure 4.1:................................................................................................................29
Figure 4.2:................................................................................................................30
Figure 4.3 …………………………………………………………………………….46

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CHAPTER No.
Heading
Sub heading
Sub - Sub heading

Main body: New Times Roman 12

Line Spacing: 1.5
Left Align, Justified
Margins: Normal (1, 1, 1, 1)

Tables & Figures Format:

Gender A B C D
Male
Female
Total
Table 4.1 Gender Distribution in Four Companies

Figure 4.1Educational Qualifications of Respondents

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 REFERNCES
(In Harvard Style of Referencing)
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6.4: Guidelines for the Preparation of FYP Poster
The FYP poster is a condensed representation of the Final Year Project. It should be neat,
attractive, and very inviting. Posters will be exhibited during the poster competition and
will be evaluated. The following is a list of recommended poster guidelines:
• Poster size must be 22.5'' x 34.5''.
• The orientation of the poster should be Portrait.
• Don't use too much text - just highlight your major points. Use bullets whenever
possible.
• Make sure the font is large enough for people to see from a couple of feet away.
• Illustrations and visualizations of concepts (maps, pictures, photos, design
drawings, diagrams, tables, charts, graphs, "screen captures") look nice and can
often say more than words.
• Make sure you spell check! (Also, note that capitalized words are often skipped
by most spell checkers.)
• The top-left part on the left side may be the title part and may contain Title of the
project, group members and Supervisor(s).
• The top-right part may contain Project Goals
• The bottom part may contain Project Plan and list of tentative deliverables for
final evaluation of FYP-1 course.
• While staying within these guidelines there is plenty of scope for individual
creativity through the use of different fonts, colors, backgrounds and graphics.
• Do not include too much information. Too much information may obscure the
main message of the poster. Limit the information to key information; rely on
answering questions and on your project summary to get across the detail.
• Use graphics where appropriate
• Posters should be submitted in a CD which includes an original Photoshop or
Corel file along with a jpeg image of the poster.
• Recommended tools for making poster are Adobe Photoshop and/or Corel Draw.
If the student uses some other tool they will be responsible for printing of Poster.

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