Operation and Maintenance Manual: Compressor Model
Operation and Maintenance Manual: Compressor Model
Operation and Maintenance Manual: Compressor Model
MANUAL
COMPRESSOR MODEL
P185WDO-T4F (F63)
DRAWBAR INFORMATION.................................................................................................13
Instruction Kit ................................................................................................................................. 14
SAFETY ...............................................................................................................................15
Safety Precautions ......................................................................................................................... 16
Compressed Air.......................................................................................................................... 16
Exhaust System ......................................................................................................................... 17
Materials .................................................................................................................................... 18
Battery ....................................................................................................................................... 19
Radiator ..................................................................................................................................... 19
Transport ................................................................................................................................... 21
Decals ....................................................................................................................................... 22
NOISE EMISSION................................................................................................................25
Noise Emission............................................................................................................................... 26
Compressor Noise Emission Control Information .......................................................................... 26
Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 27
Maintenance Schedule.................................................................................................................... 27
Control/Gauge Panel....................................................................................................................... 39
Before Towing................................................................................................................................. 50
Setting Up ....................................................................................................................................... 51
Towing ............................................................................................................................................ 52
Starting ........................................................................................................................................... 53
Shutdown ....................................................................................................................................... 54
ENGINE OPERATION..........................................................................................................57
LUBRICATION .....................................................................................................................83
Compressor Oil Chart ..................................................................................................................... 84
MAINTENANCE ...................................................................................................................87
General Information........................................................................................................................ 88
Compressor Oil Filters.................................................................................................................... 91
Receiver Separator System ............................................................................................................ 92
TROUBLESHOOTING .........................................................................................................99
Introduction ...................................................................................................................................101
Troubleshooting Chart...................................................................................................................102
9
Operation & Maintenance Manual FOREWORD
Information
The contents of this manual are considered to be proprietary and confidential to Doosan
Infracore Portable Power (herein referred to as “Portable Power”), and should not be
reproduced without the prior written permission of Portable Power.
Nothing contained in this document is intended to extend any promise, warranty or
representation, expressed or implied, regarding the Portable Power products described
herein. Any such warranties or other terms and conditions of sale of products shall be in
accordance with the standard terms and conditions of sale for such products, which are
available upon request.
This manual contains instructions and technical data to cover all routine operation and
scheduled maintenance tasks by operation and maintenance staff. Major overhauls are
outside the scope of this manual and should be referred to an authorized Portable Power
Service department.
All components, accessories, pipes, and connectors added to the compressed air system
should be:
• of good quality, procured from a reputable manufacturer and, wherever possible,
be of a type approved by Portable Power.
• clearly rated for a pressure at least equal to the compressor safety valve setting.
• compatible with the compressor oil.
• accompanied with instructions for safe installation, operation, and maintenance.
Details of approved equipment are available from the Portable Power Service departments.
The use of repair parts other than those included within the approved parts list may create
hazardous conditions over which Portable Power has no control. Therefore, Portable Power
cannot be held responsible for equipment in which non-approved repair parts are installed.
Portable Power reserves the right to make changes and improvements to products without
notice and without incurring any obligation to make such changes or add such improvements
to products sold previously.
The intended uses of this compressor are outlined below and examples of unapproved
usage are also given. However, Portable Power cannot anticipate every application or work
situation that may arise. If in doubt, consult supervision.
This compressor has been designed and supplied for above ground operation to be used for
compression of normal ambient air containing no additional gases, vapors, or particles within
the ambient temperature range specified in the General Data Section of this manual.
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FOREWORD Operation & Maintenance Manual
11
12
DRAWBAR INFORMATION
13
Operation & Maintenance Manual DRAWBAR INFORMATION
Instruction Kit
14
SAFETY
15
Operation & Maintenance Manual SAFETY
Safety Precautions
Never operate the compressor without first observing all safety warnings and carefully reading
the Operation and Maintenance Manual shipped from the factory with this compressor.
Ensure the operator reads and understands the decals and consults the manuals before
operation or performing maintenance.
Ensure all maintenance personnel are adequately trained, competent, and have read the
manuals.
Ensure all protective covers are in place and the canopy/doors are closed during operation.
The specification of this compressor is such that the compressor is not suitable for use in
flammable gas risk areas. If such an application is required, all local regulations, codes of
practice, and site rules must be observed. To ensure the compressor can operate in a safe
and reliable manner, additional equipment such as gas detection, exhaust spark arrestors,
and intake (shut-off) valves may be required, dependent on local regulations or the degree
of risk involved.
A weekly visual check must be made of all fasteners/fixing screws securing mechanical parts.
In particular, safety-related parts such as coupling hitch, drawbar components, wheels, tires,
and lifting bail should be checked for total security.
All components which are loose, damaged, or unserviceable must be rectified without delay.
Air discharged from this compressor may contain carbon monoxide or other contaminants
which will cause serious injury or death. Do not breathe discharged air.
This compressor produces loud noise with the doors open or service valve vented. Extended
exposure to loud noise can cause hearing loss. Always wear hearing protection when doors
are open or service valve is vented.
Never inspect or service the compressor without first disconnecting battery cable(s) to
prevent accidental starting.
Do not use petroleum products (solvents or fuels) under high pressure as this can penetrate
the skin and result in serious illness. Wear eye protection while cleaning the compressor
with compressed air to prevent debris from injuring eye(s).
Rotating fan blade can cause serious injury. Do not operate without fan guard in place.
Use care to avoid contacting hot surfaces (engine exhaust manifold and piping, air receiver,
and air discharge piping, etc.).
Never operate the compressor with guards, covers, or screens removed. Keep hands, hair,
clothing, tools, blow gun tips, etc. well away from moving parts.
Compressed Air
Compressed air can be dangerous if incorrectly handled. Prior to performing maintenance
or service on the compressor, ensure all pressure is vented from the system and the
compressor cannot be started accidentally.
Ensure the compressor is operating at the rated pressure and the rated pressure is known
to all relevant personnel.
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SAFETY Operation & Maintenance Manual
All air pressure equipment installed in, or connected to, the compressor must have safe
working pressure ratings of at least the compressor safety valve setting.
If more than one compressor is connected to one common downstream plant, effective check
valves and isolation valves must be fitted and controlled by work procedures, to ensure one
compressor cannot accidentally be pressurized or over pressurized by another.
Compressed air must NOT be used for a direct feed to any form of breathing apparatus
or mask.
Compressed air can cause serious injury or death. Relieve pressure before removing filler
plugs/caps, fittings, or covers.
Air pressure can remain trapped in air supply line which can result in serious injury or death.
Always carefully vent air supply line at tool or vent valve before performing any service or
maintenance.
Discharged air contains a very small percentage of compressor lubricating oil and care
should be taken to ensure downstream equipment is compatible.
If discharged air is to be ultimately released into a confined space, adequate ventilation
must be provided.
When using compressed air, always use appropriate personal protective equipment.
All pressure containing parts, especially flexible hoses and their couplings, must be regularly
inspected, be free from defects, and be replaced according to the manual instructions.
Avoid bodily contact with compressed air.
The safety valve located in the separator tank must be checked periodically for correct
operation.
Whenever the compressor is stopped, air will flow back into the compressor from downstream
devices or systems unless the service valve is closed. Install a check valve at the compressor
service valve to prevent reverse flow in the event of an unexpected shutdown when the
service valve is open.
Disconnected air hoses whip and can cause serious injury or death. Always attach a safety
flow restrictor to each hose at the source of supply or branch line in accordance with OSHA
Regulation 29CFR Section 1926.302(b).
Never allow the compressor to sit stopped with pressure in the separator tank or piping.
Exhaust System
Hot engine exhaust gas and hot exhaust system surfaces are produced during and after
compressor operation. Avoid contact with exhaust gas and hot exhaust system surfaces.
Keep flammable and combustible materials away. Do not operate compressor on, under, or
near flammable or combustible materials.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual SAFETY
Materials
The following substances may be produced during the operation of this compressor:
• brake lining dust
• engine exhaust fumes
Ensure that adequate ventilation of the cooling system and exhaust gases is maintained at
all times.
The following substances are used in the manufacture of this compressor and may be
hazardous to health if used incorrectly:
• compressor oil
• preservative grease, lubricating grease
• rust preventative
• battery electrolyte
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SAFETY Operation & Maintenance Manual
Should compressor oil come into contact with the eyes, irrigate with water for at least 5
minutes.
Should compressor oil come into contact with the skin, wash off immediately. Consult a
physician if large amounts of compressor oil are ingested or if compressor oil is inhaled.
Never give fluids or induce vomiting if the patient is unconscious or having convulsions.
Safety data sheets for compressor and engine oils should be obtained from the oil supplier.
Do NOT start or operate this compressor in a confined area. Avoid breathing exhaust fumes
when working on or near the compressor.
This compressor may include such materials as oil, diesel fuel, antifreeze, brake fluid, oil/air
filters, and batteries which may require proper disposal when performing maintenance or
service tasks. Contact local authorities for proper disposal of these materials.
Battery
A battery contains sulfuric acid and can produce gases which are corrosive and potentially
explosive. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. In case of contact, flush area
immediately with water.
Do not attempt to jump start a frozen battery since this may cause the
battery to explode.
Exercise extreme caution when using an external method to jump start
a unit. Verify the electrical systems on the weak battery system and
the external jump system are the same voltage type system, 12VDC
or 24VDC. Connect the Positive (+) terminal of the external system to
the Positive (+) terminal on the weak system. Connect the Negative (-)
terminal of the external system to the Negative (-) terminal of the weak
system. Always disconnect the two systems in reverse order.
Radiator
Hot engine coolant and steam can cause injury. Ensure the Radiator Pressure Cap is
removed with due care and attention.
Do not remove the pressure cap from a HOT radiator. Allow radiator to cool before removing
pressure cap.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual SAFETY
Hot engine coolant and steam can cause injury. When adding coolant
or antifreeze solution to the engine radiator, stop the engine and allow
radiator to cool prior to releasing the Radiator Pressure Cap. Using a
cloth to protect the hand, slowly release the pressure cap, absorbing
any released fluid with the cloth. Do not remove the pressure cap
until all excess fluid is released and the engine cooling system fully
depressurized.
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SAFETY Operation & Maintenance Manual
Transport
When loading or transporting the compressor, ensure the specified lifting and tie down points
are used.
When loading or transporting the compressor, ensure the towing vehicle, its size, weight,
towing hitch, and electrical supply are all suitable to provide safe and stable towing at speeds
either, up to the legal maximum for the country in which it is being towed, or as specified
for the compressor model if lower than the legal maximum. Do not exceed gross vehicle
weight rating.
Before towing the compressor, ensure:
• the tires and towing hitch are in a serviceable condition and tires are properly
inflated.
• the canopy is secure.
• all ancillary equipment is stored in a safe and secure manner.
• the brakes and lights are functioning correctly and meet necessary road traffic
requirements.
• breakaway cables/safety chains are connected to the towing vehicle.
The compressor must be towed in a level attitude in order to maintain correct handling,
braking, and lighting functions. This can be achieved by correct selection and adjustment of
the vehicle towing hitch and, on variable height running gear, adjustment of the drawbar.
1. Ensure wheels, tires, and drawbar connectors are in safe operating condition and
drawbar is properly connected before towing.
2. When parking, always use the handbrake and, if necessary, suitable wheel chocks.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual SAFETY
Decals
Decals are located on the compressor to point out potential safety hazards. Read and follow
these instructions. If you do not understand these instructions, inform your supervisor.
(Red Background)
Indicates the presence of a hazard which WILL cause serious injury,
death, or property damage, if ignored.
(Orange Background)
Indicates the presence of a hazard which CAN cause serious injury,
death, or property damage, if ignored.
(Yellow Background)
Indicates the presence of a hazard which WILL or CAN cause injury or
property damage, if ignored.
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SAFETY Operation & Maintenance Manual
(Blue Background)
Indicates important set-up, operating, or maintenance information.
FREE SAFETY DECALS
To promote communication of Safety Warnings on products
manufactured by the Portable Power Division in Statesville, N.C., Safety
Decals are available FREE of charge. Safety Decals are identified by the
decal heading: DANGER, WARNING, CAUTION, NOTICE.
Decal part numbers are located in the lower right hand corner of each
decal and are also listed in the compressor Parts Manual. Submit orders
for Safety Decals to the Statesville Parts Service Dept. The no charge
order should contain only Safety Decals.
Help promote product safety! Ensure decals are present on the
compressor. Replace decals that are not readable.
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24
NOISE EMISSION
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Operation & Maintenance Manual NOISE EMISSION
Noise Emission
This section pertains only to compressors distributed within the United States.
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NOISE EMISSION Operation & Maintenance Manual
Introduction
The compressor for which this Maintenance Log is provided conforms to U.S. E.P.A.
Regulations for Noise Emissions, applicable to Portable Air Compressors.
The purpose of this book is to provide (1) the Maintenance Performance Schedule for all
required noise emission controls and (2) space so that the purchaser or owner can record
what maintenance was done, by whom, where and when. The Maintenance Schedule and
detailed instructions on the maintenance items are given on following page.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual NOISE EMISSION
Maintenance Schedule
PERIOD DESCRIPTION
As Detected COMPRESSED AIR LEAKS
Correct all compressed air leaks during the first shutdown period
after discovery. If severe enough to cause serious noise problems
and efficiency loss, shut down immediately and correct the leak(s).
As Detected SAFETY AND CONTROL SYSTEMS
Repair or replace all safety and control systems or circuits as
malfunction occurs. No compressor should be operated with either
system bypassed, disabled, or nonfunctional.
Daily ACOUSTIC MATERIALS
In daily inspections, observe these materials. Maintain all acoustic
material as nearly as possible in its original condition. Repair or
replace all sections that have: 1) sustained damage, 2) have
partially separated from panels to which they were attached, 3) are
missing, or have otherwise deteriorated due to severe operating or
storage conditions.
100 HOURS FASTENERS
All fasteners such as hinges, nuts, bolts, clamps, screws, rivets,
and latches should be inspected for looseness after each 100
hours of operation. They should be retightened, repaired, or if
missing, replaced immediately to prevent subsequent damage and
noise emission increase.
100 HOURS ENCLOSURE PANELS
Enclosure panels should be inspected at 100 hour operational
intervals. All panels that are warped, punctured, torn, or otherwise
deformed, such that their noise containment function is reduced,
should be repaired or replaced before the next operation interval.
Doors, access panels, and hatch closures especially, should be
checked and adjusted at this time to ensure continuous seating
between gasket or acoustic material and the mating frame.
100 HOURS AIR INTAKE AND ENGINE EXHAUST
Engine and compressor air intake and engine exhaust systems
should be inspected after each 100 hours of operation for loose,
damaged, or deteriorated components. Repairs or replacements
should be made before the next period of use.
250 HOURS COOLING SYSTEMS
All components of the cooling system for engine water and
compressor oil should be inspected every 250 hours of use.
Any discrepancies found should be corrected before placing the
compressor back in operation. Unrestricted airflow over the radiator
and oil cooler must be maintained at all times during operation.
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NOISE EMISSION Operation & Maintenance Manual
PERIOD DESCRIPTION
250 HOURS ISOLATION MOUNTS
Engine/airend isolation mounts should be inspected after each
250 hours of operation. Those mounts with cracks or splits in
the molded rubber or with bent or broken bolts due to operation
or storage in severe environments should be replaced with
equivalent parts.
See Operator Manual ENGINE OPERATION
Inspect and maintain engine condition and operation as
recommended in the manuals supplied by the engine
manufacturer.
See Operator Manual FUELS AND LUBRICANTS
Use only the types and grades of fuels and lubricants
recommended in the Operator and Maintenance Manual and
Engine Manual.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual NOISE EMISSION
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NOISE EMISSION Operation & Maintenance Manual
Maintenance Log
COMPRESSOR MODEL:
SERIAL NO:
Serial No:
Purchaser or Owner:
The Noise Control Act of 1972 (86 Stat. 1234) prohibits tampering with the noise control
system of any compressor manufactured and sold under the above regulations, specifically
the following acts or the causing thereof:
(1) the removal or rendering inoperative by any persons, other than for purposes of
maintenance, repair, or replacement, of any device or element of design incorporated into
new compressor for the purpose of noise control prior to its sale or delivery to the ultimate
purchaser or while it is in use; or (2) the use of the compressor after such device or element
of design has been removed or rendered inoperative by any person.
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GENERAL DATA
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Operation & Maintenance Manual GENERAL DATA
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GENERAL DATA Operation & Maintenance Manual
35
36
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
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Operation & Maintenance Manual OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
Control Panel
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OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Operation & Maintenance Manual
Control/Gauge Panel
STOP: Stops the compressor.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
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OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Operation & Maintenance Manual
Note 1: Only the parameters that are available from the engine or compressor will be
displayed.
Note 2: Unit times out after 3 minutes of inactivity and returns to the Default Screen.
Note 3: Pressing the Enter button while viewing a QuickView Screen will return to the
Default Screen.
Default Screen
The Default Screen will display the Engine RPM unless the machine is configured with the
Fuel Level Option. With the Fuel Level Option installed the Default Screen will be Fuel Level
and the first screen of the Quick View will be Engine RPM.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
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OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Operation & Maintenance Manual
When present an ALERT with the number of alert conditions will popup on the screen, the
user will press the UP or DOWN button to display the warning or press the ENTER button to
acknowledge a warning has occurred. If there are multiple alerts, pressing the DOWN button
will scroll through the various alerts. All faults and warnings will be displayed until the engine
shuts down and then the most severe fault will be displayed as a fault. Pressing the ENTER
button after the alert has been displayed, acknowledges the message and the display unit
returns to the Default screen. See Figure 3.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
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OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Operation & Maintenance Manual
The service intervals can be changed by pressing the ENTER button while on the default
screen. Using the UP or DOWN buttons to highlight the desired interval and press the
ENTER button to select. Use the UP and DOWN buttons to increase or decrease the number
of hours. Hours will decrement with every hour on the engine. Use the DOWN button to
highlight the Main Screen menu item and press the ENTER button to return to the default
screen. See Figure 5.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
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OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Operation & Maintenance Manual
Display Setup
The Display Menu functions give users the ability to configure the LCD. Options for
configuring the display include intensity, contrast, and viewing mode. To access the Display
Menu, press and hold the ENTER button while the Default Screen is displayed until the Main
Menu appears. Scroll to the Setup option using the DOWN button then press the ENTER
button. Scroll to the Display option using the DOWN button then press the ENTER button.
Use the DOWN or UP buttons to highlight and the ENTER button to select the desired display
setting. See Figure 7. To return to the default screen, use the DOWN button to highlight the
Main Screen menu item and press the ENTER button.
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OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Operation & Maintenance Manual
Compressor ID Set Up
The Compressor ID is a unique 3 digit code that identifies the model of machine in the
software. Normally this should not be changed or unexpected results may occur. The
Compressor ID can be changed by accessing the Setup Menu. To access the Setup Menu,
press and hold the ENTER button while the Default Screen is displayed until the Main Menu
appears. Scroll to the Setup option using the DOWN button then press the ENTER button.
Use the DOWN or UP buttons to highlight and the ENTER button to select the desired
preference. To return to the default screen, use the DOWN button to highlight the Main
Screen menu item and press the ENTER button. See Figure 8. Refer to chart below for
correct Machine ID. Use Data Plate on compressor to obtain correct compressor model.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
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OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Operation & Maintenance Manual
Before Towing
• Ensure tow vehicle has towing capacity for weight of this unit as stated on general
data decal.Use jack to raise or lower drawbar.
• Position the tow vehicle to align its hitch with the pintle eye or coupler of the
compressor.
• Engage the parking brake and chock the tires of the tow vehicle.
• Stand to the side and ensure pin is FULLY inserted (secure) in tube of jack.
• Crank jack to seat pintle eye or coupler onto hitch. Latch and lock hitch. Cross
safety chain(s) under drawbar. Attach to vehicle.
• Fold jack handle down and forward. Swing up jack tube and FULLY insert pin in
tube.
• Remove tire chocks.
• Test brakes, if so equipped.
• Test lights (running, stop, and turn signals).
Always raise (or remove) jack for maximum ground clearance before
towing.
Setting Up
• Position as level as possible. The design of these units permits a 15 degree
sidewise limit on out-of-level operation.
• When the unit is to be operated out-of-level, it is important:
• To keep the engine crankcase oil level near the high level mark (with the unit level).
• To have the compressor oil level gauge show no more than mid-scale. Do not
overfill either the engine crankcase or the compressor lubricating oil system.
• The side doors must be closed to maintain a cooling air path and to avoid
recirculation hot air.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
Towing
Disconnect
• Engage tow vehicle parking brake.
• Chock tires of compressor.
• Set the vehicle parking brake. Chock wheels of unit.
• Standing to the side, remove pin from tube of jack.
• Disconnect safety chains. Crank jack to raise eye or coupler from hitch. Tow
vehicle can be moved.
UTILITY PACKAGE SET-UP (no running gear)
This unit must be located on vehicle bed to allow access for normal servicing and
maintenance.
The air going into the inlet must be relatively free of oil, dirt, soot and other debris. It must
be no more than 10°F (5°C) over the ambient temperature.
Before Starting
• Open service valve(s) to ensure pressure is relieved in receiver-separator system.
Close valve(s) in order to build up full air pressure and ensure proper oil circulation.
• Check battery for proper connections and condition.
• Check engine coolant level.
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OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Operation & Maintenance Manual
This machine produces loud noise with doors open. Extended exposure
to loud noise can cause hearing loss. Wear hearing protection when
doors or valve (s) are open.
• Close all doors to maintain a cooling air path and to avoid recirculation of hot air.
This will maximize the life of the engine and compressor and protect the hearing of
surrounding personnel.
• Be sure no one is IN or ON the compressor unit.
Unrestricted air flow from a hose will result in a whipping motion of the
hose which can cause severe injury or death. A safety device must be
attached to the hose at the source of supply to reduce pressure in case
of hose failure or other sudden pressure release. Reference: OSHA
regulation 29 CFR Section 1926.302 (b).
Starting
Do not use ether or any other starting fluid. Starting fluids can cause
an explosion, fire, and severe engine damage. The engine is equipped
with an electric heater starting aid.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
6. Wait for Engine Temperature to reach 150°F (65°C). Press Service Air Button. The
third light on the Start Button will illuminate.
To ensure an adequate flow of oil to the airend, never allow the discharge
pressure to fall below 50 psi.
Normal Operation
The operator may observe and monitor operating parameters using the Mini-Port and
gauges. In the event the compressor controller detects a parameter outside normal operating
limits, the compressor will alert and/or shutdown, and display a diagnostic code.
In the event the compressor controller detects a parameter at a dangerously high or low level,
the compressor will be automatically shut down with the cause of the shutdown shown on
the Mini-Port.
Operation Loaded
Assume engine has been started and is running in the unload state at idle speed. If there is air
demand (pressure falls below the load point pressure), compressor will load at idle speed by
opening the inlet valve. As air demand rises and falls, engine speed is controlled between idle
speed and full load speed to match the required flow while maintaining load point pressure.
Operation Unloaded
If there is no air demand at idle speed (pressure rises above the unload point pressure), the
compressor will unload by closing the inlet valve. The compressor then runs at idle speed
unloaded with no air delivery. If air demand increases (pressure falls below the load point
pressure), the compressor reloads to meet the required air demand.
Shutdown
1. Close all Service Valves.
2. Allow the engine to idle for 3 minutes to cool down.
3. Press the Red Stop Button.
4. Press the Main Power Button when use of the compressor is not needed.
Note: Until Main Power Button is pressed, the gauges can be read and the Mini-Port
can be navigated using the UP, DOWN, and ENTER Buttons.
5. If the Main Power Button is not pressed within 3 minutes (if ambient temperature is
above 45°F (7°C) or 15 minutes if ambient temperature is 45°F (7°C) or below of the
keypad use the compressor will automatically shut off.
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OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Operation & Maintenance Manual
Since the service valve is closed, air downstream of the valve may be
trapped. A vent hole in the service valve will slowly bleed air from the
hose. Do not disconnect hoses until all pressure has been vented.
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ENGINE OPERATION
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Operation & Maintenance Manual ENGINE OPERATION
SAFETY
This Operation & Maintenance Section divides maintenance operations such as performing
engine checks, troubleshooting, or diagnosing faults into three categories, Danger, Warning,
and Caution. In addition, Note is used to provide additional descriptions and information
required for maintenance technicians to successfully operate our engines. The recommended
repair methods and Danger, Warning, and Caution can enhance the degree of completion
of engine maintenance and prevent bodily injury which may occur to workers. However,
this section cannot predict all possible risks.
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ENGINE OPERATION Operation & Maintenance Manual
NOTE: Indicates additional description, information, and references for workers’ easy
understanding.
Instructions
1. In order to maintain the best long term performance and safety, please read and
understand this manual and perform routine inspections and regular inspections.
2. We have divided the content of this section into causes of bodily injury and damage to
assets and causes of pollution.
When a safety accident, such as skin contact with corrosive acids or fuel,
burns with hot oil, exposure of eyes to fuel or antifreeze, occurs while
starting, inspecting, or repairing an engine, see a doctor immediately.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual ENGINE OPERATION
6. Exhaust gas is poisonous. Fully ventilate before starting engine. If the space is
airtight, ensure that it is well ventilated.
Cautions for Inspection and Repair
1. Inspection and repair of engine should be performed only when the engine is shut
down, otherwise, burns or safety accidents may occur. Do not perform inspection
or repair while the engine is operating.
2. If it is absolutely necessary to perform inspection or repair on the operating engine,
avoid the rotating parts.
3. Use an engine oil drain container that is large enough to prevent the overflow of
engine oil while draining engine oil.
4. Open the engine coolant cap after fully cooling the engine to exchange or replenish
coolant.
If the coolant cap is opened while the engine is still hot, hot water will
spurt out and may cause burns. Open the engine coolant cap after fully
cooling the engine.
6. Mark and separately manage the containers for storing coolant from beverage
containers to avoid confusion. See a doctor immediately in case of drinking coolant.
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ENGINE OPERATION Operation & Maintenance Manual
General Repair
1. Wait until the engine is properly cooled down before starting work since you may get
burned by the heated engine. Before performing fuel line work, check the common
rail pressure and engine temperature by using the failure diagnosis device.
2. Disconnect the battery ground wire to prevent damage of wires and sensors caused
by a short circuit.
3. Engine oil and coolant may damage paint. Engine oil and coolant should be stored in
separate containers and marked for safe management.
4. Store the disassembled parts in a specified space to avoid damage or pollution.
5. Use specified and special tools for efficient and safe repair.
6. If parts need to be replaced, use only genuine parts for replacement. Using
unauthorized or remanufactured parts may cause critical damage and faults in engine
performance.
7. Replace parts such as cotter pins, gaskets, o-rings, seal rings, oil seals, and washers
with new ones during repairs. Reuse of parts may be the cause of engine faults
and engine may not operate properly.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual ENGINE OPERATION
8. Group and store disassembled parts in disassembling order. Due to the fact that bolts
and nuts vary in strength, shape and torque according to their assembly position.
Please divide and store them accordingly to these characteristics.
9. Clean disassembled parts to remove foreign substances before inspecting or
reassembling parts. Use compressed air to clean the oil holes.
10. Thinly spread oil or grease on rotating parts or parts requiring lubrication, before
assembly.
11. If required, use a specified adhesive to assemble gaskets to prevent water or oil
from leaking.
12. Assemble bolts and nuts with the specified tightening torque.
13. After completing repairs, conduct a final inspection and perform a test operation to
check if all work has been successfully completed.
Environmental Pollution
Observe the following instructions to protect workers from danger and to prevent the
environmental pollution while performing engine repairs.
1. Good ventilation and low humidity should be maintained in the work space.
2. The workspace should be clean, in good order, and no flammables are allowed in
the workshop.
3. Smoking is strictly forbidden in the workshop.
4. Workers should wear working clothes, protective goggles, and safety shoes.
5. Workers are not allowed to wear accessories such as necklaces, rings, watches,
and earrings.
6. Start the engine in a well-ventilated space. Fully ventilate the space before starting
engine to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning.
7. Wait until the engine is properly cooled down before starting work, since you may get
burned by the heated engine.
8. Do NOT work on rotating or operating parts once the engine has been started.
9. Discard oil according to the regulations set forth by the relevant authorities.
10. If engine oil or fuel leaks on the floor or is improperly discharged, serious
environmental pollution of sea, river, or underground water may occur.
11. Discard the undiluted anticorrosive agent, antifreeze, filter elements, and cartridges
as special wastes.
12. Discard coolant and special waste according to the regulations of the appropriate
authorities.
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ENGINE OPERATION Operation & Maintenance Manual
Engine Management
Prevention of damage and abrasion
Using an engine for any purposes other than the designed purpose may cause critical faults
to the engine for which Doosan shall not be held liable. For details concerning the usage and
purpose of the engine, please direct questions to our Sales Team. Do NOT adjust, convert,
or change the ECU without our authorization.
If a problem is found in an engine, research and solve the cause to prevent the critical faults
in advance. Use of genuine parts is recommended. Using unauthorized or remanufactured
parts may cause critical damage and faults to engine for which Doosan shall not be held liable.
Consider the following while managing engines.
1. Use clean, specified, and qualified fuel only. Use only fuel recommended in this
Operation and Maintenance Manual.
2. Do not operate an engine without lubrication oil or coolant. Use only the products
(engine oil, cooling water, anticorrosive agent, and etc) recommended by Doosan.
3. Always keep surroundings of the engine clean.
4. Use fuel recommended in this Operation and Maintenance Manual.
5. Conduct inspections and exchanges regularly according to the regular inspection
table.
6. If the engine is overheated, do not shut down immediately, but operate at idle status
for five minutes or more to lower the engine temperature to the proper level.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual ENGINE OPERATION
If the radiator cap is opened while the engine is still hot, hot water will
spurt out and may cause burns.
7. Check the engine oil level on a flat surface. Do not exceed the maximum of the oil
level gauge.
Immediately replenish engine oil when the engine oil level is below the
lower limit of the engine oil gauge.
8. If there are gauges for battery, oil pressure, coolant, and temperature, check if they
indicate a normal status.
9. Do not operate engine without coolant.
Prevention of Pollution
Consider the following to manage engine without causing environmental pollution.
1. Discharge oil and coolant using collection containers.
2. Discard oil and coolant according to the regulations of the relevant authorities.
3. Be careful not to let discharged oil and cooling water flow into the ground or the
sewer. Otherwise, serious pollution of the drinking water source may occur.
4. Classify the oil, filters, and filter cartridges as environmental pollution waste and
discard them according to regulations.
5. Classify the antifreeze, cooling water, and anticorrosive agent as hazardous waste
and discard them by observing the regulations.
Handling of Engine Oil
Prolonged and repeated contact of skin with engine oil may cause skin to dry out and
contract, causing dermatitis. Engine oil includes substances toxic to the human body. Handle
engine oil by observing the following safety rules:
1. Do not expose skin to new engine oil for extended periods.
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ENGINE OPERATION Operation & Maintenance Manual
When replenishing engine oil, do not exceed the maximum on the oil
level gauge. Too much oil may cause damage to the engine.
3. Be careful not to mix foreign substances in fuel, engine oil, or coolant while injecting
the fluid. Keep the fluid clean while it is not in use. Use fuel, oil, and coolant
recommended by Doosan. Otherwise, critical damage to the engine may occur.
Starting the Engine
Observe the following when starting the engine.
1. For a cold start, start the engine after preheating it sufficiently through the glow plug.
After Starting the Engine
1. Operate engine at light load until engine has reached normal operating temperature.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual ENGINE OPERATION
2. Oil, air, or fuel leaks can cause a decrease in oil pressure. Oil leaks are especially
likely to cause the burning of bearings. As such, if oil, air, or gas leaks occur, check
the leaking parts and solve the problem.
During Operation
1. If oil pressure drops too low, it may cause abnormal wear and burning of bearings. If
oil pressure is too high, it may cause oil leakage.
2. Continuing to operate the engine after noises or vibrations coming from the engine
are noted may lead to serious engine damage. As such, if noises or vibrations come
from the engine, slowly decrease the rpm to stop the engine and examine the cause.
Shut down
Do not suddenly shut down the engine after it was operated under high loads for a long period.
If oil burns because of heat sent from the high-temperature turbine blade to the bearing part,
the bearing metal and rotating shaft may burn. As such, if the engine was operated under
high loads for a long period, sufficiently run the engine at idle before shut down.
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ENGINE OPERATION Operation & Maintenance Manual
If you cannot accurately check the oil level through the oil level gauge,
rotate the oil level gauge to 180 degree, put it in the guide tube, and then
pick it out again to check.
2. If the oil indicator lamp on the apparatus is turned on or blinks, the oil pressure may
be insufficient. In this case, check the oil level and replenish oil if required. When
replenishing engine oil, do not exceed the maximum on the oil level gauge . If the
oil level is normal, check other related parts such as the oil pressure sensor, oil
pump, or oil line.
The oil pressure may increase with high rpm and decrease with low
rpm. In addition, the pressure of cold oil may be higher at a specific rpm
than of warm oil. This phenomenon may even occur when the engine
operates properly.
3. Check the coolant gauge on the apparatus to ensure the coolant is circulating
properly. If the coolant level in the supplementary tank is too low, the coolant gauge
may be inaccurate.
4. Replace engine oil and oil filter after the break-in period.
If engine oil and oil filter need to be replaced, use only genuine engine
oil and parts recommended by Doosan.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual ENGINE OPERATION
1. Tightly connect the +/- terminals to prevent gaps. The sheath of battery connection
cables should not be damaged or broken.
2. If the recharge alarm indicator lamp suddenly turns on or blinks during engine
operation and the engine shuts down, fix the fault of the electric apparatus.
3. If color or odor of exhaust gas is unusual during operation, shut down the engine,
diagnose the cause and fix the fault.
4. Check the engine status through the alarm indicator lamp and gauges mounted on
the apparatus during operation.
Engine Oil Pressure
If the engine oil pressure is not consistent at idle or does not reach the reference value while
the engine is operating at high speed, immediately shut down the engine and check oil
level and leakage.
Coolant Temperature
Operating an engine with too low coolant temperature increases fuel consumption, abrasion
of the cylinder liner, and shortens the engine's life span.
Revolutions per Minute (rpm)
In the electronic control engine, the engine control unit (ECU) prevents the engine from being
operated at too high rpm over the specifications to protect the engine. The memory of ECU
has various functions which cannot be changed by operators, such as fuel flow control,
ignition time delay, and blocking of fuel and ignition.
Operation in Winter
Preventing Coolant from Freezing
When only water used as coolant without mixing with antifreeze, corrosion in the engine,
degradation of cooling efficiency, and freezing of the engine in winter may occur. If the
engine is not operated for a long period during cold weather or in areas with cold climate,
fully discharge the coolant from the engine. Freezing of coolant leads to critical damage to
the engine. Please use a mixture of coolant with antifreeze at recommended ratio when
replacing or replenishing the coolant. The antifreeze prevents coolant from freezing.
Preventing Overcooling of the Engine
When the engine is cooled below the normal operating temperature, thermal efficiency
is lowered and fuel consumption as well as abrasion of the cylinder liner may increase.
Therefore, the engine should be operated within the normal operating temperature. If the
engine has been sufficiently operated, but the temperature of coolant remains below the
normal operating temperature, check the water temperature controller or other parts related
to the cooler.
Engine Oil
When viscosity of engine oil increases due to its low temperature during cold weather or in
areas with cold climate, the rpm may not be stable after starting the engine. To prevent this,
replace oil to engine oil for cold weather or areas with cold climate. When replacing engine
oil, use only genuine engine oil recommended by Doosan.
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ENGINE OPERATION Operation & Maintenance Manual
Regular Inspection
General Information
Engine oil lubricates, cools, seals, prevents corrosion, and cleans engines, enhancing engine
performance and extending the engine's lifetime. If the engine is continuousIy operated while
engine oil is insufficient the moving parts of the engine may get stuck, causing engine faults.
Engine oil should be checked with the oil level gauge and replenished if required. Oil level
should be checked while the engine is shut down. To check the oil level, shut down the engine
and wait for 5 ~10 minutes to allow the engine oil to flow back into the oil pan. The engine oil
level should indicate between the upper limit and the lower limit of the oil level gauge.
Engine oil should be periodically replaced based on the regular inspection table and the oil
filter and the cartridge should be replaced as the engine oil is replaced.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual ENGINE OPERATION
Cleaning the indication line of the oil level gauge with dirty cloth allows
the foreign substances to get into the engine, causing engine faults.
1. Insert the oil level gauge (A) again by using the ring.
2. If the dipstick doesn't slide in, rotate it 180° and try again.
3. Pull the oil level dipstick (A) upward to remove from engine.
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ENGINE OPERATION Operation & Maintenance Manual
1. Check if the oil is smeared between the upper limit (A) and the lower limit (B) of
the oil level gauge.
2. If engine oil is smeared below the lower limit (B) or not smeared on the gauge at
all, replenish engine oil.
3. Check condition of engine oil. If it is polluted, replace it with new oil.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual ENGINE OPERATION
Special Tools
Tightening Torque
Component Tightening Torque
Drain Plug 3 kgf.m
Oil Capacity
Engine Model Engine Oil Capacity (L)
Inside the Oil Pan Total *
Max. Min.
DL02 8.6 4.5 9.2
DL02 8.6 4.5 9.2
Prolonged and repeated contact of skin with engine oil may lead to
shrinking, dryness of skin and even cause dermatitis.
Do not expose skin with exchanged engine oil for a long period.
Always wear work clothes and gloves.
When skin is stained with engine oil, immediately wash with water, soap
or hand cleaners.
Do not clean skin with gasoline, fuel, thinner, or solvent.
Apply a skin protective cream after cleaning.
Do not put oil-stained gloves or cloth in pockets.
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ENGINE OPERATION Operation & Maintenance Manual
1. Place an appropriate sized container under the engine to drain the engine oil.
2. Remove the drain plug (B) and drain the engine oil.
3. Remove the oil cap (A).
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Operation & Maintenance Manual ENGINE OPERATION
Oil in the filter may run down while detaching the oil filter. Be careful
not to contaminate the other parts by using a cloth when detaching the
filter. After replacing the oil filter, wipe clean any other parts which the
oil has touched.
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ENGINE OPERATION Operation & Maintenance Manual
Adding oil which exceeds the upper limit of the oil level gauge may
cause engine faults. If you have injected engine oil far over the upper
limit of the oil level gauge, drain it until the engine oil level indicates
somewhere between the upper and lower limit of the oil level gauge.
Coolant
General Information
The coolant plays an important role in the prevention of overheating and freezing of the
engine. However, if the engine is used for a long period, the performance of antifreeze
and anticorrosion of the coolant degrades. Maintain the condition of the coolant through
daily inspections and periodic replacements. The mixing ratio for the engine coolant is 40
%antifreeze and 3~5 % additives (DCA4) to prevent corrosion. For the water in the coolant,
use clean tap water. Periodically check coolant to maintain the concentration of antifreeze
and additives.
Above –10 85 15
-10 80 20
-15 73 27
-20 67 33
-25 60 40
-30 56 44
-40 50 50
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Operation & Maintenance Manual ENGINE OPERATION
2. Soak the test sheet in the coolant and remove after 3 ~ 5 seconds. Shake the sheet
to remove the remaining coolant.
3. Wait for about 45 seconds until the test sheet changes its color.
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ENGINE OPERATION Operation & Maintenance Manual
5.
1. Compare the color of part A on the test sheet to the color of GLYCOL/FREEZEPOINT
(End pad) of the standard color table.
2. Compare the color of the test sheet (B) to the color of MOLYBDATE (Middle pad) of
the standard color table.
3. Compare the color of the test sheet (C) to the color of NITRITE of the standard color
table.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual ENGINE OPERATION
1. Compare the changed pink color part A of the test sheet with the
GLYOOL/FREEZEPOINT (End pad) of the standard color table on top of the container
and confirm the concentration. The concentration indication has to be within the
color scope of 33~50%.
2. The state of additives for anticorrosion is shown on the point where the color of
MOLYBDATE (Middle pad) on the standard color table (which is identical with the
Middle (B) of the test sheet) is crossed with the color of NITRITE on the standard
color table (which is identical with the (C) of the test sheet). It should be maintained at
the optimum range, in the green section between 0.3 to 0.8.
3. If the measurement result is below 0.3, replenish anticorrosion additives (DCA4). If
it is above 0.8 or, drain a little coolant and then inject clean tap water to adjust the
concentration.
If the color on the test sheet does not match the color of the standard
color table, find a middle color on the standard color table. For example,
if the color of (C) of the test sheet matches D and F on the NITRITE of
the standard color table, select E.
To prevent corrosion inside of the engine cooling unit, drain the coolant
and replace it with new coolant once a year.
Replenishment of Coolant
If the coolant level of the supplementary tank is below the lower limit, replenish the coolant
as follows:
1. Remove the supplementary tank cap.
2. Replenish coolant until level is between the upper and lower limit of the supplementary
tank.
3. Install the supplementary tank cap.
Do NOT let foreign substances flow into the engine when replenishing
coolant.
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ENGINE OPERATION Operation & Maintenance Manual
If the radiator cap is opened while the engine is hot, hot water will spurt
out and may cause serious burns. Open the radiator cap after making
sure that the engine has been fully cooled.
Mark and separately manage the containers for storing coolant from
beverage containers for avoiding confusion. See a doctor immediately
in case of drinking coolant.
Replacement of Coolant
Never open the radiator cap while the engine is overheated. If the
radiator cap is opened while the engine is overheated, hot water will
spurt out and may cause serious burns. Open the radiator cap after
ensuring that the engine has been cooled sufficiently.
Mark and separately manage the containers for storing coolant from
beverage containers to avoid confusion. If coolant is ingested, see a
doctor immediately.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual ENGINE OPERATION
Note: Slowly pour coolant in to let the air be discharged from radiator and press the
hose connected to it to discharge the air inside.
8. Start the engine to let the cooling fan rotate 2 or 3 times. When the engine is warmed
up, increase the engine RPM two or three times.
9. Shut down engine and wait until engine is cooled.
10. Remove the radiator drain plug and drain water.
11. Repeat steps 1–8 until the drained water becomes clear.
12. Press the hose connected to the radiator to discharge the air from inside of the
radiator and slowly fill the radiator with the coolant at the specified mixing ratio to let
the air be discharged from the radiator.
Note: Use recommended genuine antifreeze.
13. Operate the engine at idle after starting. When cooling fan is running and coolant is
circulated, remove radiator cap and replenish coolant through the inlet.
14. Replenish coolant until the cooling fan rotates 3 ~ 5 times.
15. Replenish coolant to the upper limit of the supplementary tank and then install
radiator cap.
16. Operate the engine at idle until the cooling fan rotates 2 ~ 3 times.
17. Shut down the engine and wait until the engine and radiator are cooled.
18. After checking the coolant level in the supplementary tank, replenish coolant until the
tank level stays between the upper and lower limit without changing.
Note: After replenishment coolant, check the coolant level of the supplementary tank
for at least two or three days.
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ENGINE OPERATION Operation & Maintenance Manual
79
80
LUBRICATION
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Operation & Maintenance Manual LUBRICATION
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LUBRICATION Operation & Maintenance Manual
Preferred Oil - Use of these oils with Doosan branded filters can extend airend warranty.
Refer to the warranty policy for details or contact your representative.
Preferred Oil 1 gal. (3.8 Liter) 5 gal. (19.0 55 gal. (208 220 gal. (836
Liter) Liter) Liter)
Pro-Tec™ 36899698 36899706 36899714 36899722
XHP605 - 22252076 22252050 22252068
XHP1001 - 35612738 35300516 -
XHP405 - 22252126 22252100 22252118
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MAINTENANCE
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Operation & Maintenance Manual MAINTENANCE
General Information
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MAINTENANCE Operation & Maintenance Manual
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Operation & Maintenance Manual MAINTENANCE
Radiator
The use of water alone in this engine can result in major engine failure.
Refer to engine section for coolant recommendation.
Hoses
Each month it is recommended that all of the intake lines to and from the air cleaners, the
engine cooling system hoses and all of the flexible hoses used for air, oil, and fuel be
inspected.
To ensure freedom from air leaks, all rubber hose joints and the screw-type hose clamps
must be absolutely tight. Regular inspection of these connections for wear or deterioration is
necessary.
Premature wear of both the engine and compressor is ASSURED whenever dust-laden air is
permitted to enter the engine’s combustion chamber or compressor intake.
The flexible hoses used in the fuel, oil and air lines on these units are primarily used for
their ability to accommodate relative movement between components. It is important they
be periodically inspected for wear and deterioration. It is also important the operator does
not use the hoses as convenient hand hold or steps. Such use can cause early cover wear
and hose failure.
Some of the air lines are nylon tubing. The associated fittings are
“push-in” design. Features are as follows:
Pulling on the tubing will cause the inner sleeve to withdraw and
compress, thus tightening the connection. The tubing can be withdrawn
only while holding the sleeve against the fitting. The tubing can be
removed and replaced numerous times without losing its sealing ability.
To install the nylon tubing, make a mark (with tape or grease pencil)
approximately 7/8 inch from the end of the tubing. Insert the tubing into
the sleeve and “push-in” past the first resistance to the bottom. The
mark should be approximately 1/16 inch from the sleeve, for the 3/8 inch
O.D. tubing; 1/8 inch for the 0.25 inch O.D. tubing. This will ensure that
tubing is fully engaged in the sealing mechanism.
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MAINTENANCE Operation & Maintenance Manual
High pressure air can cause severe injury or death from hot oil and flying
parts. Always relieve pressure before removing caps, plugs, covers or
other parts from pressurized air system.
1. Open the service air valve(s) to ensure that system is relieved of all pressure. Close
the valve(s).
2. Turn the spin-on filter element counterclockwise to remove it from the filter housing.
Inspect the filter.
3. Inspect the oil filter head to be sure the gasket was removed with the oil filter element.
Clean the gasket seal area on the oil filter head.
Installing a new oil filter element when the old gasket remains on the
filter head will cause an oil leak and can cause property damage.
4. Lubricate the new filter gasket with the same oil being used in the machine.
5. Install new filter by turning the element clockwise until gasket makes initial contact.
Tighten an additional 1/2 to 3/4 turn.
6. Start unit and allow to build up to rated pressure. Check for leaks before placing unit
back into service
Compressor Oil Cooler
The compressor lubricating and cooling oil is cooled by means of the fin and tube-type
oil cooler, located beside the radiator. The lubricating and cooling oil, flowing internally
through the core section, is cooled by the air stream from the cooling fan flowing past the
core section. When grease, oil and dirt accumulate on the exterior surfaces of the oil cooler,
its efficiency is impaired.
Each month it is recommended that the oil cooler be cleaned by directing compressed air
which contains a nonflammable, non-caustic safety solvent through the core of the oil cooler.
This should remove the accumulation of grease, oil and dirt from the exterior surfaces of the
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Operation & Maintenance Manual MAINTENANCE
oil cooler core so that the entire cooling area can transmit the heat of the lubricating and
cooling oil to air stream.
In the event foreign deposits, such as sludge and lacquer, accumulate in the oil cooler to
the extent that its cooling efficiency is impaired, a resulting high discharge air temperature is
likely to occur, causing shut down of the unit. To correct this situation it will be necessary to
clean it using a cleaning compound in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.
Compressor Oil
The lubricating and cooling oil must be replaced every 500 hours of operation or six (6)
months, whichever comes first. Refer to warranty section about extended warranty.
High pressure air can cause severe injury or death from hot oil and flying
parts. Always relieve pressure before removing caps, plugs, covers or
other parts from pressurized air system.
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MAINTENANCE Operation & Maintenance Manual
Scavenge Line
High pressure air can cause severe injury or death from hot oil and flying
parts. Always relieve pressure before removing caps, plugs, covers or
other parts from pressurized air system.
The scavenge line originates at the manifold and terminates at the compressor airend near
the oil filter element. An orifice check valve is located on the scavenge tube.
Once a year or every 1000 hours of operation, whichever comes first, replace the separator
element and clean the scavenge orifice/check valve.
NOTE: Excessive oil carry-over may be caused by an oil-logged separator element. Do not
replace element without first performing the following maintenance procedure:
1. Check oil level. Maintain as indicated earlier in this section.
2. Thoroughly clean scavenge line, any orifice and check valve.
3. Assure minimum pressure valve/orifice is operational.
4. Run unit at rated operating pressure for 30 to 40 minutes to permit element to clear
itself.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual MAINTENANCE
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MAINTENANCE Operation & Maintenance Manual
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MAINTENANCE Operation & Maintenance Manual
95
96
TROUBLESHOOTING
A PDF version of the Electronic Service Manual is available for free download on the
Distributor Portal in Passport under the Aftermarket Tab/Downloads.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual TROUBLESHOOTING
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TROUBLESHOOTING Operation & Maintenance Manual
Introduction
Troubleshooting for a portable air compressor is an organized study of a particular problem
or series of problems and a planned method of procedure for investigation and correction.
The troubleshooting chart that follows includes some of the problems that an operator may
encounter during the operation of a portable compressor.
The chart does not attempt to list all of the troubles that may occur, nor does it attempt to
give all of the answers for correction of the problems. The chart does give those problems
that are most apt to occur. To use the troubleshooting chart:
A. Find the “complaint” depicted as a bold heading.
B. Follow down that column to find the potential cause or causes. The causes are listed in
order to suggest an order to follow in troubleshooting.
Think Before Acting
Study the problem thoroughly and ask yourself these questions:
1. What were the warning signals that preceded the trouble?
2. Has a similar trouble occurred before?
3. What previous maintenance work has been done?
4. If the compressor will still operate, is it safe to continue operating it to make further
checks?
Do the Simplest Things First
Most troubles are simple and easily corrected. For example, most complaints are “low
capacity” which may be caused by too low an engine speed or “compressor over-heats”
which may be caused by low oil level.
Always check the easiest and most obvious things first; following this simple rule will save
time and trouble.
Double Check Before Disassembly
The source of most compressor troubles can be traced not to one component alone, but to
the relationship of one component with another. Too often, a compressor can be partially
disassembled in search of the cause of a certain trouble and all evidence is destroyed
during disassembly. Check again to be sure an easy solution to the problem has not been
overlooked.
Find and Correct Basic Cause
After a mechanical failure has been corrected, be sure to locate and correct the cause of
the trouble so the same failure will not be repeated. For example, a complaint of “premature
breakdown” may be corrected by repairing any improper wiring connections, but something
caused the defective wiring. The cause may be excessive vibration.
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Operation & Maintenance Manual TROUBLESHOOTING
Troubleshooting Chart
Complaint Cause Correction
1. Compressor has Out of Fuel. Add clean fuel.
stopped unexpectedly Compressor Oil Temp. too See Complaint #6.
high.
Engine Coolant Temp. too Check coolant level. If low,
high. add coolant. See Complaint
#3.
Engine Oil Pressure too low. See Complaint #4.
Loose or Broken Belts. Tighten or replace belt set.
Loose wire connections. Check wires at switches
and connectors to find loose
connection. Make repairs.
See Electronic Service
Manual.
Low fuel level fault. If adequate fuel in the
tank, check fuel level
sender device. Replace
if determined faulty. See
Electronic Service Manual.
Defective sensor. Identify and check sensor.
Replace if necessary. See
Electronic Service Manual.
Malfunctioning relay. Identify and check relay.
Replace if necessary. See
Electronic Service Manual.
Blown fuse. Identify and replace fuse.
See Electronic Service
Manual.
Engine malfunctioning. See troubleshooting in
Engine manual.
Airend malfunctioning. See Complaint #6.
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TROUBLESHOOTING Operation & Maintenance Manual
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Operation & Maintenance Manual TROUBLESHOOTING
3. High Engine Coolant Low coolant level. Check coolant level. If low,
Temperature add coolant.
Loose or broken belts. Tighten or replace belt set.
Ambient temperature above Operate in cooler
rated ambient temp. range. environment.
Dirty operating conditions. Move compressor to cleaner
environment.
Dirty coolers (s). Clean exterior of cooler(s).
Compressor tilted beyond Reposition or relocate
out-of-level operating limit. compressor to be more level.
Operating pressure too high. Reduce pressure to rated
operating pressure.
Recirculation of cooling air. Close enclosure doors.
Close and secure access
panels. Check for loose or
missing belly pans.
Loose wire connection. Check wires at switches
and connectors to find loose
connection. Make repairs.
See Electronic Service
Manual.
4. Low Engine Oil Pressure Low engine oil level. Check oil level. If low, add
oil.
Compressor tilted beyond Reposition or relocate
out-of-level operating limit. compressor to be more level.
Wrong engine oil. Change engine oil. Review
engine oil specification.
Clogged engine oil filter. Replace engine oil filter.
Engine malfunctioning. See troubleshooting in
Engine Manual.
Loose wire connection. Check wires at switches
and connectors to find loose
connection. Make repairs.
See Electronic Service
Manual.
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TROUBLESHOOTING Operation & Maintenance Manual
5. Low electrical system Loose or broken belts. Tighten or replace belt set.
voltage Loose wire connection. Check wires at switches
and connectors to find loose
connection. Make repairs.
See Electronic Service
Manual.
Low battery voltage. Check battery condition,
recharge if necessary.
Check electrolyte level, add
if necessary. Check cable
connections, clean and
tighten as needed.
Malfunctioning alternator. Repair or replace alternator.
6. High compressor oil Ambient temperature above Operate in cooler
temperature rated ambient temperature environment.
range.
Compressor tilted beyond Reposition or relocate
out-of-level operating limit. compressor to be more level.
Low compressor oil. Add compressor oil. Look for
and repair any leaks.
Wrong compressor oil. Change compressor oil.
Review compressor oil
specification.
Dirty cooler(s). Clean exterior of cooler(s).
Dirty operating conditions. Move compressor to cleaner
environment.
Clogged compressor oil Replace compressor
filter(s). oil filter(s) and change
compressor oil.
Loose or broken belts. Tighten or replace belt set.
Operating pressure too high. Reduce pressure to rated
operating pressure.
Recirculation of cooling air. Close enclosure doors.
Close and secure access
panels. Check for loose or
missing belly pans.
Malfunctioning compressor Replace thermostat element
oil thermostat. in conventional bypass
valve, if equipped. Replace
valve.
Loosen or broken belts. Tighten or replace belt set.
Malfunctioning minimum Repair or replace valve.
pressure valve.
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TROUBLESHOOTING Operation & Maintenance Manual
10. Short air filter life Dirty operating conditions. Move compressor to cleaner
environment.
Wrong air filter element(s). Install correct air filter
element(s).
Inadequate air filter element Install new air filter
cleaning. element(s).
Incorrect stopping Comply with procedure in
procedure. this manual.
11. Compressor will not Malfunctioning inlet unloader. Inspect valve. Make
unload adjustments per this manual.
Malfunctioning pressure Check pressure regulator.
regulator. Check regulation lines for
leaks.
Ice in regulation lines and/or Apply heat to lines and or
regulation orifice. orifice. Check operation
of DC electric heaters, if
equipped.
Plugged vent leak. Clean and/or replace.
12. Safety valve opens Operating pressure too high. Reduce pressure to rated
operating pressure.
Malfunctioning inlet unloader. Inspect valve. Make
adjustments per this manual.
Defective safety valve. Replace safety valve.
Compressor will not unload Check pressure regulator.
fast enough. Check regulation lines for
leaks.
Ice in regulation lines and/or Apply heat to lines and/or
regulation orifice. orifice. Check operation
of DC electric heaters, if
equipped.
13. Excessive carryover Blocked separator scavenge Check scavenge line, drop
(compressor oil in the line. tube, and orifice. Clean and
compressed air). replace as needed.
Deteriorated separator Replace separator element.
element.
Separator tank pressure too Check the minimum pressure
low. valve. Repair or replace as
necessary.
105
Operation & Maintenance Manual TROUBLESHOOTING
106
TROUBLESHOOTING Operation & Maintenance Manual
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Operation & Maintenance Manual TROUBLESHOOTING
108
ENGINE DIAGNOSTIC CODES
Reduced
SPN FMI FAULT DESCRIPTION P‐CODE Engine Stop / Limphome
Torque
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