Wireless Power Transfer in Electrical Vehicle by Using Solar Energy

Wireless Power Transfer in
Electrical Vehicle by Using Solar

Energy
Ch Vishnu Vardhan Reddy
EEE-IV B
16R11A0264
GCET
ABSTRACT
Wireless Power Transfer[WPT] using the magnetic induction technology which could avoid human from the
hazardous accident caused due to the using of cables. By the use of MOSFET switches in the inverter, it creates
the output with high frequency improves the efficiency of power transfer between the coils. Due to this creation
of output with higher frequency, the charging of the battery will be very fast and efficient. By connecting the
solar panel to the supply battery, it will be charged continuously using this panel. This will help the users for
non-stop driving. These advances make the WPT is very attractive to the electric vehicle charging application in
both stationary and dynamic charging. By introducing WPT in an electric vehicle, the obstacles of charging
time, range, and cost can be easily managed. WPT technology is developing rapidly in recent years.
INTRODUCTION
Now-a-day the world facing the most serious problem is the energy demand. Instead of this we had various
techniques for the generation of energy which should be hazardous to our environment. So we step into the
Non-renewable energy which will be eco-friendly to our environment. Our main demand will be the fuels used
in automobiles and it causes the major impact to our environment, so we introduce the hybrid version of
Non-renewable energy in the vehicle as electric vehicle which acts eco-friendly to our environment. We use both
the combination of wireless power transfer and the solar energy which helps us the user for non-stop driving. In
an electric vehicle the battery is too tough to design due to its high energy density and power density.
Now-a-days there are many types of batteries used in the instruments but the lithium-ion batteries gives the
most suitable solution for the electric vehicles. Recently the Wireless Power Transmission has been a most
effective topic in the transportation system. This paper starts with a basic concept of Wireless Power Transfer
and it gives a brief overview of Wireless Power Transfer system and it includes the Magnetic induction
principles, Existing and Proposed system, High frequency power output, Solar panel and some other issues like
safety considerations. By introducing the latest achievements in Wireless Power Transfer, we hope that this will
achieve in all over the world.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Alanson P. Sample has given the knowledge about the adaptation of the magnetically coupled circuits in the
Electric vehicles [EV] and its efficiency in the power transfer wirelessly. C. Kainan and Z. Zhengming, analysed
the spiral coil using the circuit which makes the process will be much efficient and will be suitable for the
adaptation of different voltages. S. J. GerssenGondelach and A. P. C. Faaij, analysed the battery stand by time will
be the most important task in designing the Electric Vehicle because it will decide the standardization of the
vehicle. The good backup power will be needed in the interpretation of solar radiation. This paper gives
knowledge about the designing of batteries.
METHODOLOGY
Wireless Power Transfer or Electromagnetic power transfer is the transmission of electrical energy without
using the wires. Wherever the interconnecting wires are inconvenient in such places Wireless power transfer is
more compactable. This wireless power transfer system which gives the advantages of using cables and that
could avoid the short circuits, flux leakage and fire accidents. Wireless Power System consists of two sides,
transmitter and receiver. Mainly the Resonant coils are used in the power transfer. The two coils are tuned to
the same resonant frequency and the power is given to the transmitter side, resonant coils get energized and
create the magnetic flux or field that links the coil. By the magnetic resonance technology the power will be
transferred due to the magnetic vibration for the required distance.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
In our project, block diagram consist of two types namely,
1. Primary side
The photo voltaic (or) Solar panel will be used in the initialization process of the circuit which generates the
power for the whole operation. It absorbs energy from the solar radiation and this heat energy will be converted
into electrical energy, this will be supplied throughout the circuit. Inverters will be used for converting the DC
to AC, power generated by the solar panel will be the DC, these DC power will convert into AC power which it
is given to the coil. The inverters consist of four n-channel MOSFET switches these switches needs the
triggering pulses for the ON and OFF process, these triggering pulses will be generated using the PIC controller.
This PIC controller will generate a triggering pulse of 5v DC. But the MOSFET switches needs a minimum of 10
– 12v DC for operating the voltages. For the amplification process the driver board will be used. Output of the
PIC controller will be given to the driver board, it starts amplifying the triggering pulse that the output of the
driver board will be given to the inverter. This driver board output will be connected to the gate terminal of the
MOSFET switches. After the conversion of power it will be transferred to the coil through the compensation
network.
2. Secondary side
The coil from the primary side gets energize and it creates the magnetic field around the coil. Due to the using
of high frequency output, the creation of magnetic flux will be very strong. The flux from the primary coil links
the secondary coil. Hence the power will be transferred between the coils through the magnetic field. Next the
power from the secondary coil given to the rectifier. After the rectifier the LED which indicate the power
transfer to the coil. By using the rectifier AC supply will be converted into DC supply and then it is given to the
booster circuit responsible for the steady output. After that it will be filtered by using the compensation network
and finally connected to the DC shunt motor (Toy car motor). The solar panel power supply will be given to the
motor. Due to the continuous generation of power via solar panel, it helps for non-stop driving.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
RESULT
This figure shows the whole experimental setup which includes the solar panels, controller boards and the
various hardware parameters of the hardware setup. After the completion of the hardware we moved to the
further testing process for checking the efficiency of the hardware. It gives nearly good results compared to the
existing system. We use the solar energy as the input source for getting a quick result solar panel will exposed to
the solar radiation for a certain time. The panel gets heated up and the power collected from the panel will be
transferred to the inverter block. The inverter consists of MOSFET switches which includes in the power
conversion. When the MOSFET switches activated using the triggering pulse generated from the PIC controller
and the power will be transferred from DC to AC. The AC supply will be given to the primary coil gets energize
creates the magnetic field or flux in the primary side. Flux created in the primary side links the secondary coil
and the EMF will be transferred wirelessly between the coils. Transferred power in the secondary coil will be
indicated by using the LED after it will be moved to the rectifier circuit AC converted to DC will be injected to
the booster circuit and the various harmonics will be neglected by the compensation networks and finally the
power will be given to the Electrical Vehicle [EV} motor.
CONCLUSION
In this study, we are presenting the various technologies related to Wireless Power Transfer system, which is
used to avoid the flux leakage and short circuits occurred due to the cables. This will be helpful for those who
are doing research in the area of wireless power transmission. The wireless Power Transmission is used to
operate the cars with high efficiency and improve the quality parameters. This project is in the progress of
generating power source through renewal energy.
REFERENCES
[1] P Alanson Sample, Student Member, IEEE, David A. Meyer, Student Member, IEEE, and Joshua R. Smith,
Member, “IEEE Analysis, Experimental Results, and Range Adaptation of Magnetically Coupled Resonators for
Wireless Power Transfer”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 58, No. 2, Feb, 2011.
[2] V. Etacheri, R. Marom, R. Elazari, G. Salitra, and D. Aurbach, “Challenges in the development of advanced
Li-ion batteries: A review”, Energy Environ. Sci., Vol. 4, No. 9, pp. 3243–3262, 2011.
[3] A. P. Sample, D. A. Meyer, and J. R. Smith, “Analysis, experimental results, and range adaptation of
magnetically coupled resonators for wireless power transfer,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., Vol. 58, No. 2, pp.
544–554, Feb. 2011.
[4] S. J. Gerssen-Gondelach and A. P. C. Faaij, “Performance of batteries for electric vehicles on short and longer
term,” J. Power Sour., Vol. 212, pp. 111–129, Aug. 2012.

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