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    - India is the second most populous country and largest democracy in the world, located in South Asia. - Modern humans arrived in India over 55,000 years ago, with settled life emerging 9,000 years ago along the Indus River valley. Sanskrit and Hinduism emerged by 1200 BCE. - India has experienced successive ruling empires and periods of foreign rule over centuries, and gained independence as a republic in 1947 after a nationalist independence movement.

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    India: Jump To Navigationjump To Search

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    joanpadilla
    20 views5 pages
    - India is the second most populous country and largest democracy in the world, located in South Asia. - Modern humans arrived in India over 55,000 years ago, with settled life emerging 9,000 years ago along the Indus River valley. Sanskrit and Hinduism emerged by 1200 BCE. - India has experienced successive ruling empires and periods of foreign rule over centuries, and gained independence as a republic in 1947 after a nationalist independence movement.

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    - India is the second most populous country and largest democracy in the world, located in South Asia. - Modern humans arrived in India over 55,000 years ago, with settled life emerging 9,000 years ago along the Indus River valley. Sanskrit and Hinduism emerged by 1200 BCE. - India has experienced successive ruling empires and periods of foreign rule over centuries, and gained independence as a republic in 1947 after a nationalist independence movement.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    20 views5 pages

    India: Jump To Navigationjump To Search

    Uploaded by

    joanpadilla
    - India is the second most populous country and largest democracy in the world, located in South Asia. - Modern humans arrived in India over 55,000 years ago, with settled life emerging 9,000 years ago along the Indus River valley. Sanskrit and Hinduism emerged by 1200 BCE. - India has experienced successive ruling empires and periods of foreign rule over centuries, and gained independence as a republic in 1947 after a nationalist independence movement.

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    India

    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    Jump to navigationJump to search

    This article is about the Republic of India. For other uses, see India (disambiguation).

    "Bharat" redirects here. For other uses, see Bharat (disambiguation).

    Republic of India

    Bhārat Gaṇarājya
    (see other local names)

    Flag

    State emblem

    Motto: "Satyameva Jayate" (Sanskrit)

    "Truth Alone Triumphs"[1]

    Anthem: "Jana Gana Mana"[2][3]


    ("Thou Art the Ruler of the Minds of All People")[4][2]

    MENU

    0:00

    National song
    "Vande Mataram" (Sanskrit)
    ("I Bow to Thee, Mother")[a][1][2]

    Area controlled by India shown in dark green;


    regions claimed but not controlled shown in light green

    Capital New Delhi


    28°36′50″N 77°12′30″E

    Largest city Mumbai (city proper)


    Delhi (metropolitan area)

    Official languages Hindi


     English[b][7]
    Recognised
    State level and
    regional languages
    Eighth Schedule[8][show]

    National language None[9][10][11]

    Religion  79.8% Hinduism


     14.2% Islam
    (2011)  2.3% Christianity
     1.7% Sikhism
     0.7% Buddhism
     0.4% Jainism
     0.23% Unaffiliated
     0.65% others[12]
    See Religion in India

    Demonym(s) Indian

    Membership UN, WTO, BRICS, SAARC, SCO, G8+5, G20, Commonwealth


    of Nations

    Government Federal parliamentary constitutional republic

    • President Ram Nath Kovind

    • Vice President Venkaiah Naidu

    • Prime Minister Narendra Modi

    • Chief Justice Sharad Arvind Bobde

    • Speaker of the Lok Om Birla


    Sabha

    • Leader of the Rajya Thawar Chand Gehlot


    Sabha

    Legislature Parliament

    • Upper house Rajya Sabha

    • Lower house Lok Sabha

    Independence

    from the United Kingdom

    • Dominion 15 August 1947

    • Republic 26 January 1950

    Area

    • Total 3,287,263[2] km2 (1,269,219 sq mi)[c] (7th)

    • Water (%) 9.6


    Population

    • 2018 estimate 1,352,642,280[13][14] (2nd)

    • 2011 census 1,210,854,977[15][16] (2nd)

    • Density 405.8/km2 (1,051.0/sq mi) (19th)

    GDP (PPP) 2020 estimate

    • Total $12.363 trillion[17] (3rd)

    • Per capita $9,027[17] (118th)

    GDP (nominal) 2020 estimate

    • Total $3.202 trillion[17] (5th)

    • Per capita $2,338[17] (139th)

    Gini (2013) 33.9[18]


    medium · 79th

    HDI (2018) 0.647[19]


    medium · 129th

    Currency Indian rupee (₹) (INR)

    Time zone UTC+05:30 (IST)

    DST is not observed

    Date format  dd-mm-yyyy


     yyyy-mm-dd[d]

    Mains electricity 230 V–50 Hz

    Driving side left

    Calling code +91


    ISO 3166 code IN

    Internet TLD .in (others)

    India (Hindi: Bhārat), officially the Republic of India (Hindi: Bhārat Gaṇarājya),[20] is a
    country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most
    populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by
    the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of
    Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the
    west;[e] China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the
    east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives;
    its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.
    Modern humans arrived on the Indian subcontinent from Africa no later than 55,000
    years ago.[21] Their long occupation, initially in varying forms of isolation as hunter-
    gatherers, has made the region highly diverse, second only to Africa in human genetic
    diversity.[22] Settled life emerged on the subcontinent in the western margins of the Indus
    river basin 9,000 years ago, evolving gradually into the Indus Valley Civilisation of the
    third millennium BCE.[23] By 1200 BCE, an archaic form of Sanskrit, an Indo-European
    language, had diffused into India from the northwest, unfolding as the language of
    the Rigveda, and recording the dawning of Hinduism in India.[24] The Dravidian
    languages of India were supplanted in the northern regions.[25] By 400
    BCE, stratification and exclusion by caste had emerged within
    Hinduism,[26] and Buddhism and Jainism had arisen, proclaiming social orders unlinked
    to heredity.[27] Early political consolidations gave rise to the loose-knit Maurya and Gupta
    Empires based in the Ganges Basin.[28] Their collective era was suffused with wide-
    ranging creativity,[29] but also marked by the declining status of women,[30] and the
    incorporation of untouchability into an organised system of belief.[f][31] In south India,
    the Middle kingdoms exported Dravidian-languages scripts and religious cultures to the
    kingdoms of southeast Asia.[32]
    In the early medieval era, Christianity, Islam, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism put down
    roots on India's southern and western coasts.[33] Armed invasions from Central
    Asia intermittently overran India's plains,[34] eventually establishing the Delhi Sultanate,
    and drawing northern India into the cosmopolitan networks of medieval Islam.[35] In the
    15th century, the Vijayanagara Empire created a long-lasting composite Hindu culture in
    south India.[36] In the Punjab, Sikhism emerged, rejecting institutionalised
    religion.[37] The Mughal Empire, in 1526, ushered in two centuries of relative
    peace,[38] leaving a legacy of luminous architecture.[g][39] Gradually expanding rule of the
    British East India Company followed, turning India into a colonial economy, but also
    consolidating its sovereignty.[40] British Crown rule began in 1858. The rights promised to
    Indians were granted slowly,[41] but technological changes were introduced, and ideas of
    education, modernity and the public life took root.[42] A pioneering and
    influential nationalist movement emerged,[43] which was noted for nonviolent
    resistance and led India to its independence in 1947.

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