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    Conceptual Diagram of A Plate and Frame Heat Exchanger02

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    sai thesis
    The document discusses different types of heat exchangers and their designs. It describes plate heat exchangers as consisting of multiple thin plates with fluid passages that provide a large surface area for heat transfer. It also describes plate and shell heat exchangers, which combine plate and shell & tube designs. Adiabatic wheel heat exchangers use an intermediate solid or fluid to transfer heat between flows.

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    Conceptual Diagram of A Plate and Frame Heat Exchanger02

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    sai thesis
    164 views9 pages
    The document discusses different types of heat exchangers and their designs. It describes plate heat exchangers as consisting of multiple thin plates with fluid passages that provide a large surface area for heat transfer. It also describes plate and shell heat exchangers, which combine plate and shell & tube designs. Adiabatic wheel heat exchangers use an intermediate solid or fluid to transfer heat between flows.

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    a plate and frame heat exchanger02

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    Conceptual diagram of a plate and frame heat exchanger02

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    The document discusses different types of heat exchangers and their designs. It describes plate heat exchangers as consisting of multiple thin plates with fluid passages that provide a large surface area for heat transfer. It also describes plate and shell heat exchangers, which combine plate and shell & tube designs. Adiabatic wheel heat exchangers use an intermediate solid or fluid to transfer heat between flows.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    164 views9 pages

    Conceptual Diagram of A Plate and Frame Heat Exchanger02

    Uploaded by

    sai thesis
    The document discusses different types of heat exchangers and their designs. It describes plate heat exchangers as consisting of multiple thin plates with fluid passages that provide a large surface area for heat transfer. It also describes plate and shell heat exchangers, which combine plate and shell & tube designs. Adiabatic wheel heat exchangers use an intermediate solid or fluid to transfer heat between flows.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    Conceptual diagram of a plate and frame heat exchanger.

    A single plate heat exchanger

    Plate heat exchanger

    Another type of heat exchanger is the plate heat exchanger. One is composed
    of multiple, thin, slightly separated plates that have very large surface areas and
    fluid flow passages for heat transfer. This stacked-plate arrangement can be more
    effective, in a given space, than the shell and tube heat exchanger. Advances in
    gasket and brazing technology have made the plate-type heat exchanger
    increasingly practical. In HVAC applications, large heat exchangers of this type
    are called plate-and-frame; when used in open loops, these heat exchangers are
    normally of the gasket type to allow periodic disassembly, cleaning, and
    inspection. There are many types of permanently bonded plate heat exchangers,
    such as dip-brazed and vacuum-brazed plate varieties, and they are often specified
    for closed-loop applications such as refrigeration. Plate heat exchangers also differ
    in the types of plates that are used, and in the configurations of those plates. Some
    plates may be stamped with "chevron" or other patterns, where others may have
    machined fins and/or grooves.

    Plate & shell heat exchanger

    A third type of heat exchanger is plate & shell heat exchanger which
    combines plate heat exchanger and shell & tube heat exchanger technologies. In
    the heart of the heat exchanger there are a fully welded circular plate pack which is
    made by pressing and cutting round plates and welding them together. Nozzles are
    added which carry flow in and out of the platepack (the 'Plate side' flowpath).The
    fully welded platepack is assembled into an outer shell which creates a second
    flowpath ( the 'Shell side'). Plate and shell technology offers high heat transfer,
    high pressure, high operating temperature, compact size, low fouling and close
    approach temperature. In particular, it does completely without gaskets, which
    provides security against leakage at high pressures and temperatures.

    Adiabatic wheel heat exchanger

    A fourth type of heat exchanger uses an intermediate fluid or solid store to


    hold heat, which is then moved to the other side of the heat exchanger to be
    released. Two examples of this are adiabatic wheels, which consist of a large wheel
    with fine threads rotating through the hot and cold fluids, and fluid heat
    exchangers.
    Plate fin heat exchanger

    Main article: Plate fin heat exchanger

    This type of heat exchanger uses "sandwiched" passages containing fins to


    increase the effectivity of the unit. The designs include crossflow and counterflow
    coupled with various fin configurations such as straight fins, offset fins and wavy
    fins.

    Plate and fin heat exchangers are usually made of aluminium alloys which
    provide higher heat transfer efficiency. The material enables the system to operate
    at a lower temperature and reduce the weight of the equipment. Plate and fin heat
    exchangers are mostly used for low temperature services such as natural gas,
    helium and oxygen liquefaction plants, air separation plants and transport
    industries such as motor and aircraft engines.

    Advantages of plate and fin heat exchangers:

    ● High heat transfer efficiency especially in gas treatment


    ● Larger heat transfer area
    ● Approximately 5 times lighter in weight than that of shell and tube heat
    exchanger.
    ● Able to withstand high pressure

    Disadvantages of plate and fin heat exchangers:

    ● Might cause clogging as the pathways are very narrow


    ● Difficult to clean the pathways
    ● Aluminum alloys are susceptible to Mercury Liquid Embrittlement Failure
    Pillow plate heat exchanger

    A pillow plate exchanger is commonly used in the dairy industry for cooling
    milk in large direct-expansion stainless steel bulk tanks. The pillow plate allows
    for cooling across nearly the entire surface area of the tank, without gaps that
    would occur between pipes welded to the exterior of the tank.

    The pillow plate is constructed using a thin sheet of metal spot-welded to the
    surface of another thicker sheet of metal. The thin plate is welded in a regular
    pattern of dots or with a serpentine pattern of weld lines. After welding the
    enclosed space is pressurized with sufficient force to cause the thin metal to bulge
    out around the welds, providing a space for heat exchanger liquids to flow, and
    creating a characteristic appearance of a swelled pillow formed out of metal.

    Fluid heat exchangers

    This is a heat exchanger with a gas passing upwards through a shower of


    fluid (often water), and the fluid is then taken elsewhere before being cooled. This
    is commonly used for cooling gases whilst also removing certain impurities, thus
    solving two problems at once. It is widely used in espresso machines as an energy-
    saving method of cooling super-heated water to be used in the extraction of
    espresso.

    Direct contact heat exchangers


    Direct contact heat exchangers involve heat transfer between hot and cold
    streams of two phases in the absence of a separating wall. [7] Thus such heat
    exchangers can be classified as:

    ● Gas – liquid
    ● Immiscible liquid – liquid
    ● Solid-liquid or solid – gas

    Most direct contact heat exchangers fall under the Gas- Liquid category,
    where heat is transferred between a gas and liquid in the form of drops, films or
    sprays.

    Such types of heat exchangers are used predominantly in air conditioning,


    humidification, industrial hot water heating, water cooling and condensing plants.

    The introduction of indentations placed within the heat exchange fins controlled
    condensation, allowing water molecules to remain in the cooled air. This invention
    allowed for refrigeration without icing of the cooling mechanism

    Objectives.

    The main objective of the present work is to evaluate the heat transfer augmentation of
    counter flow heat exchanger.

    1. To obtain the understanding of the flow structure, heat transfer and friction factor in a
    counter flow heat exchanger with smooth tube and twist tape insert inside of tube.

    2. To determine the thermal performance parameter like friction factor, heat transfer
    coefficient and overall heat transfer coefficient of smooth tube and twist tape insert in heat
    exchanger.
    FLOW ARRANGEMENT

    Flow arrangement

    Countercurrent (A) and parallel (B) flows

    Fig. 1: Shell and tube heat exchanger, single pass (1–1 parallel flow)

    Fig. 2: Shell and tube heat exchanger, 2-pass tube side (1–2 crossflow)
    Fig. 3: Shell and tube heat exchanger, 2-pass shell side, 2-pass tube side (2-2
    countercurrent)

    There are two primary classifications of heat exchangers according to their


    flow arrangement. In parallel-flow heat exchangers, the two fluids enter the
    exchanger at the same end, and travel in parallel to one another to the other side. In
    counter-flow heat exchangers the fluids enter the exchanger from opposite ends.
    The counter current design is most efficient, in that it can transfer the most heat
    from the heat (transfer) medium.See countercurrent exchange. In a cross-flow heat
    exchanger, the fluids travel roughly perpendicular to one another through the
    exchanger.

    For efficiency, heat exchangers are designed to maximize the surface area of
    the wall between the two fluids, while minimizing resistance to fluid flow through
    the exchanger. The exchanger's performance can also be affected by the addition of
    fins or corrugations in one or both directions, which increase surface areaand may
    channelfluid flowor induced turbulence.

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