Creation Of Digital Highway

Under BharatNet Phase II In MP4 Circle

BSNL Tender No 610/2017

A Complete Presentation On
Scope Of Work And Strategies To Complete The Said Project Under
Sterlite Technologies Limited

Presented By

M/S PIONEER ENTERPRISES

Approved A-1 Class Govt. Contractors
22 SA Muhall, Chameli Chowk, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh.
 MP4 Circle
Scope of work

BSNL has floated a tender for Survey, Procurement, Supply, Trenching,

Laying, Installation, Testing, Commissioning of (i) Underground Optical
Fibre Cable, PLB Duct and Accessories for Construction of Optical Fibre
Cable (ii) Aerial of Cable (AOFC) posts for Erecting/Singling of AOFC
including Accessories for Installation of GPON Network in MP4 Circle
covering Chattarpur, Sagar, Damoh, Raigarh, Vidisha Districts of Madhya
Pradesh in MP4 Circle on Turnkey Basis

Dimension of Work

BSNL intends to create a Digital Highway by laying Optical Fibre Cables

from Blocks to Gram Panchayats including Supply of PLB, OFC, Testing,
Instrument, OCT, ONT and Solar Panels to enable the intended services
such as Internet Telephone, E-Services and Value Added Services.

By the medium of this tender BSNL intends to cover a length of 6386 kms
connecting 1369 Gram Panchayats in 18 Blocks of Chattarpur, Sagar,
Damoh Raigarh Vidisha District of MP4 Circle.

Selection of Project Implementing Agency (PIA)

BSNL had floated a tender for Selection of Project Implementation Agency
in the month of December 2017 for MP4 circle which was finally bid in
February 2018.

It is welcoming to know that Sterlite Technologies Limited which has bid in

the above mentioned tender has successfully bagged the contract from
BSNL at a competitive price.
Proposal from M/S Pioneer Enterprises to Sterlite
Technologies Limited
M/S Pioneer Enterprises established in the year 2000 is a registered A1
grade BSNL contact firm and has been successfully operating in Sagar,
Chhindwara, Narsinghpur, Raisen, Damoh and etc Districts of Madhya
Pradesh.

M/S Pioneer Enterprises possesses vast experience in successful

completion and maintenance of BSNL projects over the years in the
region.

M/S Pioneer Enterprises intends to work in MP4 circle and would like to
take up the responsibilities of Survey, Planning, Installation, End to End
Integration, Testing, Commissioning of both (Underground and Aerial) and
GPON Network along with maintenance of the Project from Sterlite
Technologies Limited at a Fairly Competitive Rates.

Strategy of M/S Pioneer Enterprises for successful

execution of MP4 project for BSNL understand Sterlite
Technologies Limited.

As per the needs of the tender BSNL intends to lay 6386 km of OFC
connecting 1369 Gram Panchayat of 18 Blocks in 5 districts of Madhya
Pradesh in MP4 circle.

Also we are aware that completion of the said project is time bearing and
heavy Late Delivery Charges maybe slapped on the Project
Implementation Agency for any kind of delays.

To tackle the situation and to successfully execute the project on time M/S
Pioneer Enterprises has created a group of 6 Contactor firms under its
leadership which will collectively work for timely execution of MP4 circle for
Sterlite Technologies Limited.
These 6 Contractor Firms have a strong background in laying of OFC for
BSNL and Private Operators. These firms are well equipped with man
power and machinery necessary to carry out the job. These firms have
authorised M/S Pioneer Enterprises to procure the contract from Sterlite
Technologies on their behalf and are ready work under Leadership,
Supervision and Guidance of M/S Pioneer Enterprises.

M/S Pioneer Enterprises has worked out Strategy on Distribution of

various blocks of MP4 circle with different Contractor Firms working under
us for timely execution of the project.

Distribution Of Work
Estimate for Completion of the Project
Although all the contractor firms working on this project have a sound
availability of manpower and machinery on their own but M/S Pioneer
Enterprises has advised him to rope of with small contractors and upgrade
their output to complete the project in a record Time.

M/S Pioneer Enterprises has advised all the contractors to set up a

benchmark to complete at least 3 kms per block per day. This target is
simply viable and can be maintained with a little effort from the contractor.

If a target of laying 3 kilometres OFC is achieved in each of 18 Blocks then

we can complete 54 km per day and if this trend continues we can
accomplish the task in less than 120 days.

But there may be delays in achieving the target due to unforeseen reasons
like Bad Weather, Delay in permission from different departments, Delay in
supply of material from Sterlite Technologies Limited, Holidays and
Festivals, Disturbed local situation, Delay in payment from BSNL via
Sterlite Technologies Limited and etc.

There can be several reasons for which work get delayed unwantedly and
M/S Pioneer Enterprises understand these unavoidable circumstances
hence to keep its words on the safer side M/S Pioneer Enterprises pledges
to complete the project for Sterlite technologies in 250 days failing which
Late Delivery Charges may be slapped on M/S Pioneer Enterprises.

In the event Late Delivery Charges are slapped on M/S Pioneer

Enterprises, it is well expected to be a reason other than Delay in supply of
material from Sterlite Technologies Limited or Delay in payment of the
monthly bills
Creation of Central pool of Manpower and Machinery
MP4 circle cover the length of 6386 km in 18 Blocks of 5 districts of Madhya
Pradesh. To accomplish a target of laying OFC in the region M/S Pioneer
Enterprises has appointed six major BSNL contractor which have wide
range of Machinery and have strong Manpower recruitment.

M/S Pioneer Enterprises acknowledges the fact that although Machinery

and Manpower available with the 6 contractors are good in numbers but
still there will be a need of extra machinery and manpower to be hired from
the market for timely execution of MP4 Circle Project.

The central office of the project will create a pool of machinery and
manpower on standby and these machinery and manpower will be
provided to allied contractors on demand.

Supervision of the project by M/S Pioneer Enterprises

M/S Pioneer Enterprises will create 3 Supervision teams equipped with a
vehicle and required Executive and Support Staff. Each team will be
responsible for Supervising and Visiting 6 blocks on daily basis.

With the help of these Supervision Teams, the Central Office of the Project
set up by M/S Pioneer Enterprises will be kept informed on the progress of
the project on daily basis.

This team will also make availability of necessary ROW permissions from
various departments as and when it is required The necessary fees and
official charges will have to be borne by Sterlite Technologies Limited.

In the event if any team needs any extra machinery on manpower to

proceed the work this team with the help of Central Pool created by M/S
Pioneer Enterprises will provide required machinery and manpower to the
demanding team.

In the event if any team is reported to be performing below target then M/S
Pioneer Enterprises will appoint an additional contractor with them to
support the job to be completed in targeted time.
Establishment of Central Office for the Project
The MP4 circle is spread in Chattarpur, Sagar, Damoh, Raigarh and
Vidisha District of Madhya Pradesh. Amongst these five district Sagar is
centrally placed in the MP4 circle with most of the blocks available at a
stretch of 60kms to 100 km from Sagar.

A Central Office in Sagar will perfectly be suited to control the said Project.
M/S Pioneer Enterprises owns two big offices in Sagar District City Centre
out of which one could be made as a Central Office of the project.

If required M/S Pioneer Enterprises will provide a work place for Executive
from Sterlite Technologies Limited in the Central Office of the Project.

Storage of the material supplied from Sterlite

Technologies Limited
M/S Pioneer Enterprises intends to set up a Central Office for MP4 Circle
in City Centre of Sagar District.

There is a need to have a Central Storage Depot for the project where all
the excess items can be safely stored.

M/S Pioneer Enterprises owns a plot of about 10 acres in Sagar district

which can be used for storage of materials as per the requirements.

At the local level excess materials can be stored by the Executing

Contractors of Each Blocks or M/S Pioneer Enterprises will make
provision for storing excess material in the BSNL exchanges.

M/S Pioneer Enterprises will make necessary arrangements and will

ensure the safety of the materials supplied by Sterlite Technologies
Limited which will be used in the execution of the said project.
Undertaking from M/S Pioneer Enterprises
M/S Pioneer Enterprises gives following undertakings to Sterlite
Technologies Limited on acceptance of this proposal.

1) M/S Pioneer Enterprises will complete the project in 250 days unless it is
delayed due to supply of material or delayed due to non-payment of
monthly bills.

2) M/S Pioneer Enterprises take full responsibility to complete the said

project as per the requirement of BSNL.

3) M/S Pioneer Enterprises takes full responsibility of monitoring the work

allotted to the allied contractor firms as per the needs of BSNL, for any kind
of default from allied contractors M/S Pioneer Enterprises will be held
responsible.

4) M/S Pioneer Enterprises along with execution of work will be

responsible for taking necessary permissions from various department for
laying OFC.

5) M/S Pioneer Enterprises will be responsible for storing material and

making provision for safe storage of material supplied from Sterlite
Technologies Limited.

6) M/S Pioneer Enterprises will be responsible for securing job completion

certificate from block office, on the basis of this certificate Sterlite
Technologies Limited will raise their bills before BSNL.

7) M/S Pioneer Enterprises will be responsible for handling any kind of

local problem which may arise in this Lengthy Project.
8) M/S Pioneer Enterprises takes a responsibility of Appointing Additional
Sub-contractors in MP4 circle project in the event the laying of OFC is
below the target.

9) M/S Pioneer Enterprises will have the full responsibility of hiring and
arranging required machinery and manpower for execution of the said
project in 250 days.

10) M/S. Enterprises is open to address requirements laid down by Sterlite

Technologies Limited in this said project.

Maintenance of the Project

After Successful Execution of the Project M/S Pioneer Enterprises is
very well interested in maintenance of the Project at a fair price on turnkey
basis.

In the Event, M/S Pioneer Enterprises is asked to maintain the project

on turnkey basis, we will set up a team of technicians in each of the blocks
to provide prompt services to the BSNL Consumers.
 Details Of M/S Pioneer Enterprises

The Company Profile

Our company is registered as an A1 grade contractor with BSNL and PWD

(Madhya Pradesh). We also are a Franchise holder of BSNL for Sagar
District, Madhya Pradesh. We have Successfully completed Roads,
Bridges construction and maintenance projects for PWD and MPRDC.
Also, we have wide range of experience of successfully laying, installation
and maintenance of OFC/GPON of over 1000 kms for BSNL. We have a
good local area knowledge in districts of Chhindwara, Narsinghpur,
Raisen, Damoh, and Sagar etc districts of Madhya Pradesh.

Pioneer Enterprises, Sagar is one of the leading firms in the state of

Madhya Pradesh in Optic Fiber Cable (OFC) laying work established in the
year 2000 which provides well suited solution based on our customer
requirements. Mr. Nilay Kishore Purohit , our main partner who has over 20
years of experience in field of Civil Construction business. He is agile and
dynamic and has a great sense of responsibility for his work and because
of his vigour almost all of the projects are completed within stipulated time.
The firm has a team of experienced personnel lead by young and dynamic
employees. In addition of the Companies dedicated team, the company
has a number of associated contractors/ vendors having adequate
experience, manpower and equipment at their disposal to accomplish
production and sales targets in accordance with the given specification.
We plan, deploy and manage your Optical Fibre Networks. The Firm has
the ability to lay the OFC rapidly, efficiently and manage large scale
operations at accelerated timeframes.
Optical Fibre Implementation (OFI) is our core business. OFI is a stand -
alone service that means it can be purchased independent of Full project
management. We help you plan your optical network in an effective and
efficient manner in order to meet your long-term business goals. Our
extensive experience in optical network will assure you that your optical
network has the necessary coverage, capacity, hierarchy and topology
characteristics to suit your development plans.

Project Management under Optical Implementation is limited to

scheduling and managing the day-to- day activities of the Implementation
team, ensuring the delivery of services is defect free and is in accordance
with the customer specifications.

Sister Companies
M/S Madhuraj Purohit (Established in 2003)
This company is involved in construction of Roads and Bridges on
contracts from Government of Madhya Pradesh. The company has
completed several projects under Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana,
Rural Engineering Services, Madhya Pradesh Roads Development
Corporation and etc.

M/S Manish Purohit (Established in 2012)

This company is involved in the business of mining and has leased several
mines from Government of Madhya Pradesh for a period of 30 years.
Presently the company presently mines granite in five different colours,
black sand stone and etc.

M/S Mukul Purohit (Established in 2003)

The company is involved in the business of boring Tube wells and
Handpumps in the State. The company has completed several projects
under Public Health Engineering Department, Madhya Pradesh.
M/S Raj kishore Purohit (Established in 2009)
The company has occupied itself in the business of construction and is
actively operational in several districts of Madhya Pradesh. Till Date the
has constructed and sold numerous flats, apartments, shops and row
houses in Madhya Pradesh.

Staff Details Of M/S Pioneer Enterprises

NAME DESIGNATION AGE EXP.

Raju Gupta Finance & Accounts 45 23.

Amit Purohit Project Manager 26 4

Sourabh Tiwari Project Manager 40 15

Shirish Vajpayee Project Manager 35 10

Neelesh Gupta Project Manager 40 12

Dinesh Soni Project Manager 38 16

Pramendra Thakur Site Supervisor 24 2

Narendra Singh Thakur Site Supervisor 45 25

Devendra Singh Site Supervisor 31 10

Arvind Singh Site Supervisor 42 20

Raghvendra Singh Site Supervisor 36 12

Laxman Singh Gond Driver 34 14

Karan Singh Driver 28 6

Shiva Singh Driver 24 5

Jagdish Yadav Technician 50 25

Mahesh Kumar Technician 35 10

 M/S Pioneer Enterprises
Baisa Muhal, Bada Bazar Sagar, 470002
Main Promoters - Mr. Nilay Kishore Purohit
Mr. Sourabh Purohit
Constitution - Partnership Firm
Year Of Incorporation - 2000
PAN - AAGFP8382E
GST Reg. No. - 23AAGFP8382E225
ESIC Reg. - 18000248160000999
EPF Reg. - MPSGR/00204086/000

Machines Quantity
HDD Machine Horizontal 4
JCB Machine 10
Porclain 200 With Breaker 2
Splicing Machine 10
Dumper 10
Trailer 2
Road Roller 5
Hot Mix Unit 1
Paver Finisher 2
Crusher 1
Excavator 110 4
Blasting Tractor (Compressor) 2
Blowing Machine 1
Bolero For Sight Inspection 4
 Allied
Contractor
Details
 M/S Om Construction Co.
32, Indrapuri Colony, Tikamgarh (M.P), India Pin 472001
Main Promoters - Mr. Durga Prasad Dixit
Constitution - Partnership
Year Of Incorporation - 2002
PAN - AAAFO9110F
GST Reg. No. - 23AAAFO9110F1ZR
ESIC Reg. - 18000241930000999

Machines Quantity
Jaw Cresar 2
Hot Mix Plant 1
Paver 1
Dumpher 4
Self Loader Mobile Concrete Mixer 1
Vibrator Roller Single Drum 1
Roller Stetics 2
110 TATA Truck 1
JCB 2
Hopar Mixer 2
Concrete Vibrator 2
Tractor 2
Water Tankler 4
Plate Shuttring 200
Letter Of Authorization
 M/S Jai Mata Dee Construction
5-2, 501/98, Saket Nagar, Bhopal M.P - 462024
Main Promoters - Mr. A. K. Singh
Mr. S. S. Singh
Constitution - Partnership Firm
Year Of Incorporation - 2008
PAN - AAAGFJ5007L
GST Reg. No. - 23AAGFJ5007L2ZG
ESIC Reg. - 18000167970001000001
EPF Reg. - MP/BPL/0021146/000

Machines Quantity
JCB 2
Excavator 110 2
Splicing Machine 2
Rock Breaker 1
Blasting Tractor (Compressor) 2
Blowing Machine 1
HDD (20 Ton) 1
Letter Of Authorization
 M/S Vab Agency, Itarsi
Arunodaya Apertment 1st Floor Near Dr. Heda's Clinic,
Deshbandhupura Itarsi (M.P)
Main Promoters - Mr. Tarun Popli
Constitution - Partnership Firm
Year Of Incorporation - 2005
PAN - ARXPP9652P
GST Reg. No. - 23ARXPP9652P1ZJ
ESIC Reg. - 1800021950000999
EPF Reg. - 21251/265

Machines Quantity
JCB 5
Splicing Machine 25
Rock Breaker 1
Blasting Tractor (Compressor) 3
Blowing Machine 4
HDD (20 Ton) 2
HDD (18 Ton) 5
HDD (30 Ton) 1
Letter Of Authorization
 M/S Ashok Kumar Dubey Govt. Contractor
D-1/68, Danish Nagar, Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal (M.P)
Main Promoters - Mr. Ashok Kumar Dubey
Constitution - Proprietership Firm
Year Of Incorporation - 2008
PAN - AEAPD5230R
GST Reg. No. - 23AEAPD5230R12N
EPF Reg. - MP/BPL/18181/1473

Machines Quantity
JCB 2
Excavator 110 2
Splicing Machine 2
Rock Breaker 1
Blasting Tractor (Compressor) 2
Blowing Machine 1
HDD (20 Ton) 1
Letter Of Authorization
 M/S Betwa Buildings & Engineering Works
74, Sadar Bazar, Jhansi (U.P.)
Main Promoters - Mr. Mohd. Nayeem
Constitution - Proprietor Ship
Year Of Incorporation - 1994
PAN - ACFPN3382F
GST Reg. No. - 09ACFPN3382F1Z1
ESIC Reg. - 21-26730-101
EPF Reg. - UP29607

Machines Quantity
JCB 4
Excavator 110 2
Splicing Machine 4
Rock Breaker 2
Blasting Tractor (Compressor) 3
Blowing Machine 2
HDD (20 Ton) 1
Letter Of Authorization
 A Complete
Spectrum Of Work
&
Services Offered By
M/S Pioneer Enterprises
To
Sterlite Technologies Limited
In MP4 Circle
Scope of OFC work

OFC laying work includes the following: -

Route Survey
Total Design
ROW Permissions
Trenching and associated Civil works
Horizontal Directional Drilling and Boring Works
Supply, Installation and Commissioning of -
HDPE, GI, RCC, DWC and PVC pipes
Cables (OF and Cu), Splice Closures, FMS, Optical Network
Equipment, Electronic Route Markers
RCC Markers, Chambers, Manholes, Hand holes, Splicing of Cables
Earthing and Link Testing, Operation and Maintenance of OFC
equipment’s and cables.
Backbone Network

Pioneer Enterprises has wide experience in implementing major OFC

projects in record
time. We have undertaken OFC projects for various network operators in
India.

We offer the following services:

Route Survey and Design

Preparation of BOQ
ROW Permissions
Trenching, Ducting and Backfilling
Aerial Cabling
Horizontal Directional Drilling
Cable Blowing / Pulling
Duct Integrity Test
Optical Fiber Cable Blowing
Fusion Splicing
Fiber Termination
End to End Link Testing
Route Survey and Design

The entire route is surveyed for laying of Optical Fiber Cables for the
following inputs:

ROW demarcation
Soil Strata
Existing Underground Utilities
Road / Rail / Bridge / River / Canal Crossings
BOQ Estimation
Any other criticalities

BOQ Estimation
On the basis of survey details an estimated BOQ is prepared and
submitted to get
the approval from the customer.

Right of Way Permissions

A Single line diagram is made to determine jurisdictions for the statutory
permissions
such as:

State Highways
Railway Department
Roads and Buildings Department
Municipal Corporations
Panchayats
Irrigation Departments
National Highway Authorities
Cantonments

Applications are submitted on behalf of the client to each department

involved and necessary permissions are obtained after making payments
as applicable (by the client).
Trenching, Ducting and Backfilling

Excavation of Trenches will be as per the specifications/demands of our

customer/clients. Outside the city, trenches will follow the boundary of
roadside land. However, where roadside land is full of borrow pits or
forestation or when cable is to be laid along Culverts / Bridges or Cross-
streams, trench may be made closer to road edge or in some cases over
embankment or shoulder of the road.

Line up of trench would be such that HDPE ducts will be laid in straight
line, both laterally as well as vertically except at locations where it has to
necessarily take a bend because of changes in alignment or gradient of
trench. Minimum radius of two meters will be maintained where bends are
the only option we are left with.
Duct Laying

Ducts are laid in a flat bottom trench, free from major obstructions and
sharp-edged debris. The duct will be placed in a trench as straight as
possible, however at bends horizontal and vertical, minimum
bending/ruling radius for duct will be maintained as per advised
specifications or standard codes.

Ducts will be laid preferably using dispenser designed for it. Our
Supervisor will ensure that duct laid is free from twist. Any such portion will
be rectified before backfilling by using couplers.

End of ducts will always be closed with END PLUGS to avoid ingress of
mud, water and dust. We ensure HDPE ducts are clean and clear or
abence of any unwarranted particles which can cause obstruction in laying
of cable. Prior to the aligning the ducts for jointing length of each HDPE
ducts will be thoroughly cleaned to remove any other debris that may
disturb or damage the optical fiber cable when it is pulled or blown at later
stage.
The ducts will be joined with couplers using duct cutter and other tools
so that it is secured. The duct joint will be practically air-tight to ensure
smooth cable blowing. Laying of GI and/or RCC pipes as additional
protection for the HDPE ducts at Rail / Road crossings, built-up area / city
limits, on culverts and also on stretches wherever depth of excavation is
less than specified will be done.

Precautions are taken to bring back the excavated trench in original

form by proper compaction.

Crowning
When backfilling has been completed up to the ground level, an extra
layer of soil is made up to cater the primary settlement and future soil
consolidation. Entire excavated soil will be used for backfilling. Crowning
will be confined over the width of trench only.
Duct Integrity Test

The purpose of DIT (Duct Integrity Test) is to prove that the installed ducts
are ready to use for blowing from one manhole to the other. DIT should be
performed before blowing to avoid sudden surprises like missing section
of ducts, improper coupling, and kink and blockage in ducts. The DIT is
carried out with the help of compressed air and a suitable go- gauge
sponge and mandrel of appropriate size, which is pushed inside from one
end with pneumatic pressure and is thrown outside from the other end. It is
conducted in three steps.

1. Air Tightness Test - It is done by pressurizing 2 km duct stretches at a

time. One end of the duct will be closed and compressed air at 5-6 kg/cm 2
will be sent from the other end. At about 5kg/cm 2 pressure the inlet of
compressed air will be closed. Fall in pressure should not be more than
50% in 1 hour.

2. Shuttle Test -To check that duct has not collapsed or kinked, a wooden
cylindrical piece (shuttle) is blown into the duct with far end fitted flexible
wire grip / stocking. The wooden shuttle should pass through duct at far
end without any obstruction andwithin approximately 10 minutes or less.

3. Sponge Test - Very often mud and water are found inside an
underground duct. In this test a sponge double the size of duct inner
diameter is passed through by compressed air to clean the duct.

Fiber Termination

We terminate fiber optic cable two ways –

1. With connectors that can mate two fibers to create a temporary joint or
connect the fiber to a piece of network gear

2. With splices which create a permanent joint between the two fibers.
Installation of FMS is done as per the Manufacturer's specification.
End to End testing can be carried out from the FMS to FMS using the
connectors which aremounted on the FMS.
Survey and Digitized Maps

The Digitized maps will cover the following information:

Proposed OFC route and its relative position with respect to existing
cables.
Identification of Rocky, Submerged and Normal soil types and terrain.
Identifying important landmarks and Marking of Crossing locations and
the type of proposed crossing details viz. HDD, Open -cut and Boring
etc.
Geographical co-ordinates for all crossing HDPE duct coupling and
OFC joint locations.
Marking of Offset availability
Assessment of required materials.
Demarcation of Row.
Identifying critical points.

Cable Testing

All the laid cables are tested before pulling /blowing to ensure continuity as
well as to evaluate the loss, if any.

Aerial Cabling will be done at places where open trenching is not possible
due to very narrow roads or delay in obtaining Row as a temporary
solution. Also by using special cables (ADSS) this will be laid along the
Transmission Lines for longer distances.

Cable Blowing will be deployed along with a good compressor.

Cable Drum will be loaded on payoff stand and unwound from topside of
the drum. Payoff stand will be placed properly so that it should not fall while
dispensing OFC.
Fusion Splicing

Fusion splicing is the process of fusing or welding two fibers together. It is

the most widely used method of splicing as it provides for the lowest loss
and least reflectance, as well as providing the strongest and most reliable
joint between two fibers. Splicing is done using a standard splicing
machine. Splice loss per joint will be minimum and will not be more than
0.07dB. Average splice loss per link will be less than (0.06dB X Number of
Splices). At least 0.6 to 0.8m fiber shall be stored in cable tray. Minimum
bending radius of 80mm shall be ensured. Joint closure will be sealed
properly before it is taken out of the controlled environment free from dust
particles and air-conditioned splicing van.

End to End Link Testing

End to end link tests are basically carried out over the entire section at both
the ends after the completion of tasks to ensure that the work is done
efficiently and the loss is within permissible limits on all fibers.

Horizontal Directional Drilling

This technique is often used as a minimal impact trenchless method of

installing pipes, cables or conduits at a relatively shallow depth along a
prescribed path. This technique is generally adopted wherever open-
trenching cannot be done due to congestion.
Thank You