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REPORT
EXPERIMENT 5: FACTORS AFFECTING REACTION
RATE

Group: ______5_______ Section: ___5___ Date: ____21/10/2019____

Group members:

Seq. Full name Student ID % Signature Score

contribution
(total=100%)
1 25
Đặng Chung BTBTIU18425
Phương Vy
2 25
Nguyễn Thi BTBTIU18441
Ngọc Trầm
3 25
Trinh Trương IELSIU19314
Thảo Vy
4 25
Đào Thanh BTBCIU18096
Trúc

Total score: ________/15

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I. INTRODUCTION
In a chemical reaction, a balanced chemical equation describing the equal between
the amounts of reactants and the amounts of products on both sides of the equation.
However, it provides no information about whether or how fast a given reaction will
occur. Thus, in this experiment, we learn the way to identify and observe the rate of
chemical reactions. Observable signs of chemical reactions depended on various
factors: The nature of the reactants; Temperature of the reaction; Concentration of
the reactants; The surface area of the reactants; The presence of a catalyst; and The
pressure the reaction is under but experiment below we will observe bases on the
effect of concentration, temperature, catalyst on the reaction rate.

II. EXPERIMENTAL
1. Equipment and Chemicals:

Equipment Chemicals

Test tube 0.005 M Na2S2O3

Test tube rack 0.10 M (NH4)2S2O8

Beaker 250 mL 0.20 M KI

Beaker 100 mL 0.33 M H2C2O4

Beaker 50 mL 0.01 M KMnO4

Stirring rod 3 M H2SO4

Cylinder 50 mL 3% H2O2

Graduated Pipette 10 mL Starch

Distilled water bottle MnCl2

Pipette pump MnO2

Water bath NaCl

CaCl2

KNO3

Fe(NO3)3

2. Procedure:
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2.1. Effect of concentration on reaction time

Preparation:

We prepare 3 test tubes:

#1: 90mL 0.1M (NH4)2S2O8

#2: 60mL 0.005M Na2S2O3

#3: 90mL 0.2M KI

Procedure:

Special remarks on reactivity of KI: moisture sensitive; light sensitive; air sensitive (Air
causes decomposition to iodine).

 Step 1: Prepare solution A

Add 0.1M (NH4)2S2O8 + distilled water to each tube (Check Table)  11 tubes 
Add 5mL 0.005M Na2S2O3 per tube  Add 4mL starch per tube

 Step 2: Prepare solution B

Add 0.2M KI + distilled water (Check Table)  11 tubes

 Step 3: Mix solution A and solution B

A1+B1  Stirring and Timing  First color sign appears (deep blue). STOP TIMING
 Record result

Repeat process with A2+B2; A3+B3…; A11+B11

 Step 4: Calculate the initial concentrations of iodide and peroxydisulfate ion for each
of the mixtures
 Step 5: Plot the data
Plotting the concentration of iodide ion (y-axis) versus time (x-axis) for mixtures #1-6

Plotting the concentration of peroxydisulfate ion (y-axis) versus time (x-axis) for
mixtures # 1, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11

2.2. Effect of temperature on the reaction rate:

Preparation:

5 mL 0.33M H2C2O4 (per tube): #1A; #2A; #3A

1mL 0.01M KMnO4 5mL 3M H2SO4 (per tube): #1B; #2B; #3B

Procedure:
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 Step 1: Place test tubes #1A and #1B at room temperature  Pour #1B into #1A
and record the time for the purple color to disappear

 Step 2: Place test tubes #2A and #2B in 50oC water bath (~3 mins)  Pour #2B
into #2A and record the time for the purple color to disappear

 Step 3: Place test tubes #3A and #3B in 90oC water bath (~3 mins)  Pour #3B
into #3A and record the time for the purple color to disappear

2.3. Effect of a catalyst on the reaction rate:

Preparation: 40mL 3% H2O2

Procedure: Add 5 mL of the 3% H2O2 per tube

#1 : MnCl2

#2 : MnO2

#3 : NaCl

#4 : CaCl2

#5: Zn

#6: KNO3

#7: Fe(NO3)2

 Agitate the mixture. Compare the reaction rate (the time for air bubbles to appear) and
record your observations. Rank them in the decreasing order: fastest to slowest

2. Objective: To examine the effect of concentration, temperature, and catalysts on

reaction rates.

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

1. EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION ON REACTION TIME
Reaction 1: 2I- + S O 2-→ I + 2SO 2- (Slow)
2 8 2 4
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Iodide ion + peroxydisulfate ion => Iodide ion + tetrathionate ion

Reaction 2: I + 2S O 2- → 2I- + S O 2- (Fast)
2 2 3 4 6
Iodide + thiosulfate ion => iodide ion + tetrathionate ion
Calculate the initial concentrations of I - and S2O82- ions:

Mixture # 5:

[I-] = = 0.032 mol/L

[S2O82-] = = 0.04 mol/L

Mixture Iodide ion Peroxydisulfate Time in seconds

1 0.08 0.04 138s

2 0.068 0.04 154s

3 0.056 0.04 177s

4 0.044 0.04 173s

5 0.032 0.04 192s

6 0.02 0.04 264s

Mixture Iodide ion Peroxydisulfate Time in seconds

7 0.08 0.034 152s

8 0.08 0.028 162s

9 0.08 0.022 178s

10 0.08 0.016 210s

11 0.08 0.01 273s

Plotting the concentration of iodide ion versus time: [Note: X – axis: time; Y – axis:
concentrations].

 Mixtures # 1-6: Graph

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The order of reaction with respect to iodide ion?

Mixture 1 > 2 > 3 > 4 > 5 > 6

Comments: The reaction rate is proportional to [I -]

 Mixtures # 1, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11:

The order of reaction with respect to peroxydisulfate ion?

 The order of reaction with respect to peroxydisulfate ion is followed: mixture 1 > 7 > 8
>10 >11.

Comment: The reaction rate is directly proportional to [S2O82- ]

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Explanation: In mixture 1, we used the highly concentration of peroxydisulfate ion, which

leaded to the chances of collision were greater, made reaction more quickly. However, from
mixture 7 to 11, because we decreased the concentration of peroxydisulfate ion, which
leaded to more time for reaction appearing deep blue color in reactions.

2. EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE REACTION RATE

Reaction System:

5H2C2O4(aq) + 2KMnO4(aq) + 3H2SO4  2MnSO4(aq) + K2SO4(aq) + 10CO2(g) + 8H2O

Description of Predicted Observation Reaction Explanation

conditions outcome time

The slowest The solution 85 seconds The room temperature is

color changes between 28oC and 30oC, the
Room from purple to lowest temperature of three
temperature colorless for conditions, therefore it
the longest makes the slow change in
time. solution color.

The solution 47 seconds When the temperature is

becomes increased, molecules move
500C Faster colorless more rapidly, leads the
faster than purple color disappear
first one. faster.

The purple 3 seconds In high temperature,

color of the molecules move faster than
900C The fastest permanganate in 500C condition, and more
ion disappears frequency of collision.
immediately Therefore, the purple color
disappears fastest.

Comment:

Increasing the temperature of a system increases the average kinetic energy of its
constituent particles. As the average kinetic energy increases, the particles move faster and
collide more frequently per unit time and possess greater energy when they collide. The
increase in move and energy are factors increase the reaction rate. Also, the reaction rate
doubles for every 100C rise in temperature.

3. EFFECT OF A CATALYST ON THE REACTION RATE

Reaction System: 2H2O2(aq)  2H2O + O2(g)

Trial Description of Predicted Observation Explanation

conditions outcome (Reaction rate)
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1 + MnCl2 Slow Slow MnCl2 is not the catalyst

for this reaction so it
cannot promote the
reaction rate.

2 + MnO2 Fast Very Fast (1s) MnO2 is a good catalyst for

this reaction so it can
promote the reaction rate
to be faster.

3 + NaCl Slow Slow (58s) NaCl is not the catalyst for

this reaction so it cannot
promote the reaction rate.

4 + CaCl2 Fast Slow CaCl2 is not the catalyst for

this reaction so it cannot
promote the reaction rate.

5 + Zn Very slow Very Slow (181s) Zn is not the catalyst for

this reaction so it cannot
promote the reaction rate.

6 + KNO3 Fast Slow KNO3 is not the catalyst for

this reaction so it cannot
promote the reaction rate.

7 + Fe(NO3)3 Fast Very fast (6s) Fe(NO3)3 is a good catalyst

for this reaction so it can
promote the reaction rate
to be faster.

The order of catalyst activity: MnO2 > Fe(NO3)3 > NaCl > CaCl2 > MnCl2 > KNO3 > Zn.

Comment:
Catalyst plays a role in triggering and speeding up a reaction without affecting itself by incre
asing the amount of energy needed to break and form a new chemical bond. If we use the r
ight catalyst to react, it will happen more quickly and less energy will be used.

IV. CONCLUSION
In summary, there are many factors that affect the reaction rate. However,
concentration, temperature, catalysts are the three main factors. After this experiment,
we know how to way to examine the effect of concentration, temperature, and catalysts
on the reaction rates which is applied at school as well as in reality.