(1) Let A n be the real n × n matrix (n ≥ 2) whose entry in position (i , j ) is i − j .

What is the rank of A n as a

(2) Let p(x) be the polynomial left as remainder when x 2019 − 1 is divided by x 6 + 1. What is the remainder left
when p(x) is divided by x − 3? 26

(3) Let S be the set of all (unordered) pairs of distinct two digit integers (in the usual decimal notation). If a
member {a, b} of S is picked at random, what is the probability that a + b is even? 44/89

(4) For n a positive integer, let f n (x) be the continuous function 1/(1+nx) with domain the positive real num-
bers. Let f (x) be the pointwise limit of the sequence { f n (x)}n≥1 of functions. On which of the following
intervals is the convergence f n → f uniform? Choose all the correct options: (b), (c)
(a) (0, 1)
(b) (1, 2)
(c) (2, ∞)
(d) None of the above.

(5) Put θ := π/2019 and let N denote the set of positive integers. Which of the following subsets of the real line
is compact? Choose all the correct options: (a), (c)
(a) { sinnnθ | n ∈ N}
(b) { cosnnθ | n ∈ N}
(c) { tannnθ | n ∈ N}
(d) None of the above.

(6) The smallest (positive) integer with exactly 20 divisors (including 1 and itself ) is: 240
(E.g., 10 has exactly four divisors, namely, 1, 2, 5, and 10.)

(7) How many group homomorphisms are there from Z/3Z × Z/4Z × Z/9Z to Z/18Z? 54
Here Z/nZ denotes the cyclic group of order n, and A × B the cartesian product of A and B .

(8) Let, for t a real number, bt c denote the largest integer not larger than t .
Z 100.5
1
Compute f (t )d t for f (t ) := t − bt c − . −1/32 or − 0.03125
0.75 2

(9) Let M denote the real 6×6 matrix all of whose off-diagonal entries are −1 and all of whose diagonal entries
are 5. List out the eigenvalues of M (each eigenvalue must be written as many times as its multiplicity):

6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0

(10) Let S be the set of all 2 × 3 real matrices each of whose entries is 1, 0, or −1. (There are 36 matrices in S.)
Recall that the column space of a matrix M in S is the subspace of R2 (the vector space of 2×1 real matrices)
spanned by the three columns of M . For two elements M and M 0 in S, let us write M ∼ M 0 if M and M 0
have the same column space. Note that ∼ is an equivalence relation. How many equivalence classes are
there in S? 6

(11) Given that f (x, y) = u(x, y) + i v(x, y) is an entire function of z = x + i y such that f (0) = −1,
p
∂u/∂x = (e y + e −y ) cos x, and ∂u/∂y = (e y − e −y ) sin x, what is f (π/3)? 3−1

2
(12) Let A := Z/6Z be the group of residue classes modulo 6 of integers. Let G be the group of bijections (as a
set) of A, the multiplication being composition. Let H be the subgroup of G consisting of those bijections σ
such that σ(x + 2) = σ(x) + 2 for all x in A. What is the index of H in G? 40

(13) Let S := {x an integer | 99 < x < 1000, x ≡ 8 mod 20, and x ≡ 3 mod 15}. The sum of the elements of S is:
7920 .

(14) Let A be 4 × 5 real matrix. Consider the system Ax = b of linear equations where x is a 5 × 1 column matrix
of indeterminates and b is some fixed 4 × 1 column matrix with real entries. Given that
• A is row equivalent to the matrix R below (which means that the rows of A are all linear combinations
of the rows of R and vice versa), and
• c and d below are both solutions to Ax = b,
what is the value of y? 7
   
  1 y
1 −2 −1 −3 0
2 3
   
     
 0 0 0 0 1     
R =
 0
, c= 3 , d= 4 
0 0 0 0     
 4  5
     
 
0 0 0 0 0
5 5

X 1
(15) Let n be the least positive integer such that ≥ 5. Choose the correct option: (c)
2≤k≤n k
(a) n ≤ 32
(b) 32 < n ≤ 96
(c) 96 < n ≤ 729
(d) 729 < n

(16) What are the maximum and minimum values in the region {(x, y) | x 2 + y 2 ≤ 1, x + y ≤ 0} of the function
p 1 1
f (x, y) = x 2 + y? maximum = (1 + 2)/2 or +p minimum = −1 .
2 2

(17) Let A be a real 2 × 2 matrix such that A 6 = I (where I denotes the identity 2 × 2 matrix). The total number
of possibilities for the characteristic polynomial of A is: 5
p p
(18) The shortest distance from the origin in R3 to the surface z 2 − (x − 1)(y − 1) = 2 is 24/3 or 8/3 .

sin z
where C r is the contour r e i θ , 0 ≤ θ ≤ π. What is
R
(19) For r a positive real number let f (r ) := Cr z d z,
f (r )
limr →0 r ? −2

(20) A degree 3 polynomial f (x) with real coefficients satisfies f (1) = 2, f 0 (2) = 2, f 00 (2) = 2, and f 000 (2) = 12,
where f 0 (x), f 00 (x), and f 000 (x) are the first, second, and third derivatives of f (x) respectively. What is f (2)?
5

n
(21) Consider the function f (z) = z +2z 2 +3z 3 +· · · =
P
n≥0 nz defined on the open disk {z | |z| < 1}. Choose the
correct option: (b)
(a) f is not injective but attains every complex value at least once.
(b) f is injective but does not attain every complex value.
(c) f is injective and attains every complex value.
(d) None of the above.

(22) Find the area of the region {(x, y) | 0 ≤ x, 0 ≤ y, x 2/3 + y 2/3 ≤ 1}. π/32
3π
3
(23) The number of solutions (x, y) ∈ Z × Z, where Z denotes the set of integers, of the equation x 2 + 16 = y 2 is
6.
1 1 1
(24) Evaluate lim (1 − + 2 − 3 )n : 1/e
n→∞ n n n

(25) Let k be the field with exactly 7 elements. Let M be the set of all 2×2 matrices with entries in k. How many
elements of M are similar to the following matrix? 56
à !
0 0
0 1

(26) For the function f (x) on the real line R defined below, which of the following statements about f is true?
Choose all the correct options: X sin (x/n) (b), (c)
f (x) :=
n≥1 n
(a) f is continuous but not uniformly continuous on R.
(b) f is uniformly continuous on R.
(c) f is differentiable on R.
(d) f is an increasing function on R.

(27) Let f be a continuous function from the real line R to the closed interval [1, 3] such that:
• f −1 (1) and f −1 (3) are singletons, and
• f −1 (x) consists of exactly two real numbers for every x in (1, 2) ∪ (2, 3).
Which of the following can be the cardinality of f −1 (2)? Choose all the correct options: (a), (d)
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) countable infinity
(d) uncountable infinity

(28) Which of the following functions is uniformly continuous on the given domain? Choose all the correct
options: (a), (d)
(a) 1/x 2 on [1, ∞).
(b) 1/x on (0, ∞).
(c) x sin x on the real line R.
(d) tan−1 x on the real line R.

(29) A 3×3 real symmetric matrix M admits (1, 2, 3)transpose and (1, 1, −1)transpose as eigenvectors. The transpose
of which of the following is surely an eigenvector for M ? Choose all the correct options: (d)
(a) (1, −1, 0)
(b) (−5, 1, 1)
(c) (3, 2, 1)
(d) none of the above

(30) An insect is moving along the curve r = | cos θ| such that θ = πt /6, where t is time measured in seconds.
What is the distance travelled by the insect in the time interval between t = 1 and t = 2? π /6