WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR THE M-HEALTH APPLICATION: AN EVALUATION

OF ATTITUDE, SOCIAL INFLUENCE AND SELF-EFFICACY WITH THE

MODERATING EFFECTS OF TRUST

Date: 20 February 2018

Name : PUT THE EXPERT NAME

Firstly, thank you for agreeing to be one of the expert validators of this study. With your expertise, I am
humbly asking your permission to validate the attached questionnaire, using the attached rating tool. It
would also be better for the researcher if you can write your comments; suggestions and
recommendations that will help improve the above-mentioned questionnaire. I believed that your valuable
observations and experiences will help along the way in the improvement of knowledge in the academia.

Thank you very much for your kind consideration and valuable contribution in this respect. If you have
any questions about this project, feel free to contact Jacky Cheah Jun Hwa at [email protected]
or 016-xxxxxxx.

Thank you for your assistance in this important endeavor.

Sincerely yours,

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Jacky Cheah Jun Hwa

Senior Lecturer
Azman Hashim International Business School
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Email: [email protected]
Mobile: 016-xxxxxxx
Detailed Overview

Constructs & Questionnaire Items Scale Your Assessment Comment

Operational Definition Perfect Match Moderate Match Poor Match
(maintain item as (maintain item but ( remove item)
it is) needs some
refining)
PERCEIVED EASE OF USE
the degree to which the 1. It was easy to learn 5-point of
user believes that using how to use the app. scale
such technology should be 2. The app was clear and
free of effort, i.e. easy to
easy to understand.
comprehend or operate
(Okumus & Bilgihan, 3. The app was easy to
2014). use.
PERCEIVED USEFULNESS
the degree to which the 1. The app is useful in 5-point of
user believes that using managing my daily scale
such technology would healthcare.
enhance the user’s 2. The app is beneficial
performance on a task
to me.
(Okumus & Bilgihan,
2014) 3. The app is
advantageous in
managing my health
better.
ATTITUDE
1. I like using the app. 5-point of
Attitude is defined as an 2. I feel good about scale
individual's positive or using the app.
negative feelings about 3. My attitude towards
performing the target
using the app is
behavior (Hsu & Lin,
2016)
favorable.
 Constructs & Questionnaire Items Scale Your Assessment Comment
Operational Definition Perfect Match Moderate Match Poor Match
(maintain item as (maintain item but ( remove item)
it is) needs some
refining)
APP RATING
1. The app is highly 5-point of
User’s overall assessment rated scale
of an app ( Hsu & Lin, 2. The app ratings are
2015). good.
3. Based on the ratings,
the app was found to be
favorable by other
audiences.
ONLINE REVIEW
A form of electronic word- 1. I always check 5-point of
of-mouth written by consumer reviews before scale
consumers on the Internet making a purchase.
(Jiménez & Mendoza, 2. I think consumer
2013).
reviews are helpful.
3. Consumer reviews
often influence my
purchase decisions.
4. I typically read the
reviews before making a
purchase decision.
PERCEIVED PRICE
An individual’s perceptual 1.The price of the in-app 5-point of
representation or (upgrade) version is scale
subjective perception of acceptable.
the objective price of the 2.The price of the in-
product ( Wu et al., 2015).
app (upgrade) version is
reasonable.
3.The price of the in-
app (upgrade) version is
low.
 Constructs & Questionnaire Items Scale Your Assessment Comment
Operational Definition Perfect Match Moderate Match Poor Match
(maintain item as (maintain item but ( remove item)
it is) needs some
refining)
4. I am pleased with the
fee if I have to pay for
the in-app (upgrade)
version.
INITIAL TRUST

as the willingness of a 1. The app is 5-point of

person to take risks to dependable. scale
fulfill a need without prior 2. The app is secured.
experience, or credible,
3. The app is reliable.
meaningful information
(Oliveira, Faria, Thomas, 4. The app is created to
& Popovic, 2014). help users to manage
their healthcare.
PRIVACY

The probability that the I am concerned that..... 5-point of

online seller will ensure 1. The app collects too scale
that the confidential much personal
information on the information from me.
consumer acquired during
the completion of the
2. The app will use my
online transaction is personal information
protected against for other purposes
unauthorized disclosure or without my
use (Escobar-Rodríguez & authorization.
Carvajal-Trujillo, 2014) 3. The app will share
my personal
information with
other entities without
my authorization.
4. Unauthorized
persons (i.e. hackers)
 Constructs & Questionnaire Items Scale Your Assessment Comment
Operational Definition Perfect Match Moderate Match Poor Match
(maintain item as (maintain item but ( remove item)
it is) needs some
refining)
have access to my
personal information.
5. The privacy of my
personal information
during a transaction.
6. The app will sell my
personal information
to others without my
permission.
SECURITY

the perception by 1. The app implements 5-point of

consumers that the security measures to scale
online seller will have to protect users’
incorporate with the information/details
antecedents of security 2. The app ensures that
such as authentication, the transactional
protection, verification, information is
encryption, and non- protected from
repudiation (Escobar- accidentally being
Rodríguez & Carvajal- altered or destroyed
Trujillo, 2014). during a
transmission.
3. I feel secured about
the electronic
payment system for
the app.
4. I am willing to use
my credit card for the
app.
5. I feel safe in making
 Constructs & Questionnaire Items Scale Your Assessment Comment
Operational Definition Perfect Match Moderate Match Poor Match
(maintain item as (maintain item but ( remove item)
it is) needs some
refining)
transactions for the
app.
PERSONAL MOBILE INNOVATIVENESS

1. I like to experiment 5-point of

a person’s predisposed with new mobile scale
willingness to try out apps.
any new mobile app 2. Among my peers, I
(Wang, Chang, Chou, & am usually the first
Chen, 2013) to try out a new
mobile application.
3. My peers highly rate
my opinion on
mobile apps.
MOBILE AFFINITY

1. Using a smartphone 5-point of

The importance of a is one of my main scale
medium in the lives of daily activities.
individuals (Aldás- 2. If my smartphone is
Manzano, Ruiz-Mafé, & down, I will really
Sanz-Blas, 2009). miss it.
3. My smartphone is
important in my life.
4. I cannot survive
without using a
smartphone for
several days.
5. I would be lost
without my
 Constructs & Questionnaire Items Scale Your Assessment Comment
Operational Definition Perfect Match Moderate Match Poor Match
(maintain item as (maintain item but ( remove item)
it is) needs some
refining)
smartphone.

MOBILE SELF-EFFICACY
an individual’s I am confident in my 5-point of
perception of efficacy in ability to learn new scale
using a specific mobile apps…
application (Wang et al., 1. If there is no one
2013) around to tell me
what to do.
2. If I have never used
an app like it
before.
3. If I had seen
someone else using
it before trying it
myself.
4. If I could call
someone when I get
stuck during its
usage.
5. If someone else
would help me in
getting started.
6. If someone showed
me how to do it
first.
HEALTH SELF-EFFICACY
1. I am confident I can 5-point of
individuals’ beliefs have a positive scale
 Constructs & Questionnaire Items Scale Your Assessment Comment
Operational Definition Perfect Match Moderate Match Poor Match
(maintain item as (maintain item but ( remove item)
it is) needs some
refining)
about effect on my health.
their ability to manage 2. I have set some
their health (Sun Young definite goals to
Lee, Hwang, Hawkins, improve my health.
& Pingree, 2008) 3. I have been able to
meet the goals I have
set for myself to
improve my health.
4. I am actively
working on
improving my
health.
5. I feel that I am in
control of how and
what I learn about
my health.

HEALTH CONSCIOUSNESS
The degree to which 1. I do everything I can 5-point of
health concerns are to stay healthy. scale
integrated into a 2. Living a healthy
person’s daily activities lifestyle is very
important to me.
3. I actively try to
prevent disease and
illnesses.
4. Eating right,
exercising and
taking preventive
measures will keep
me healthy for life.
 Constructs & Questionnaire Items Scale Your Assessment Comment
Operational Definition Perfect Match Moderate Match Poor Match
(maintain item as (maintain item but ( remove item)
it is) needs some
refining)
5. My health depends
on how well I take
care of myself.
ILLNESS EXPERIENCES

the number of disability Please indicate how 5-point of

days, a self-report of frequently you now scale
general health status or experience the following (Never –
perceived symptoms symptoms as part of always)
(Lee & Han, 2015) your illness.
1. Pain
2. Nausea
3. Breathlessness
4. Weight Loss
5. Fatigue
6. Stiff Joints
7. Sore Eyes
8. Headaches
9. Upset Stomach
10. Sleep Difficulties
11. Dizziness
12. Loss of Strength
GENERAL QUESTIONS
This is marker variable. 1. I prefer blue to other
Questions that is not colors
related to model. 2. I like the color blue
3. I like blue clothes
 Constructs & Questionnaire Items Scale Your Assessment Comment
Operational Definition Perfect Match Moderate Match Poor Match
(maintain item as (maintain item but ( remove item)
it is) needs some
refining)

PART B: WILINGNESS TO PAY

1. I would be willing to 6-point of
Willingness to pay is the pay for the app. scale
extent to which end 2. I would be willing to (Definitely
users are prepared to pay pay for monthly Not –
for using and subscriptions. Definitely)
downloading new
applications (Bauer,
Barnes, Reichardt, &
Neumann, 2005)
(Nikou, Bouwman, &
Reuver, 2014
At what price, if any, would you be willing to pay for this app?
(leave blank if you are NOT willing to pay fo the app)

RM ___________________

If you are NOT willing to pay, please indicate your reasons by

placing an X in the appropriate box.
This app is not worth the additional fee.
I simply don’t like this app.
I think this app should be free of charge.
I cannot afford to pay the app fee.
Don’t know/no answer.
Others: Please specify:
___________________________
 Male Female

Single
Married
PART C: BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Divorced

4. Ethnicity : Malay
Chinese
Indian
Others __________

5. Do you own a : No
smartphone?
Yes – Android
Yes – iPhone
Yes – others: ________
6. Please estimate the time :
you spend per day (in ____________ minutes
minutes) using
smartphone
applications

7 Concerning your No
smartphone, do you use Yes – 1-5 apps
any medical- or
Yes – 6-10 apps
healthcare-related
applications? Yes – >11 apps

8 How often do you visit : Never

the Application Store of
Rarely
your smartphone?
Sometimes
Quite Often
Very Often

9 How many times have :

Never
you purchased a mobile
application? 1-2 times
3-4 times
4-5 times
6 times and above
Overall comments and suggestion (if any) :

Signature: _______________________________________

Name of the Validator: ____________________________

Affiliation: ______________________________________