Surveying

Josiah M.
Tubaga July 29, 2019

BCE 211 - 02570
1. TWO PEG TEST. In the two-peg test of a dumpy level the following observations were taken:
with level set up near A, observed readings are a=1.855m and b=1.434m; with level set up near
B, c= 1.790m and d=2.211m. Determine the correct reading on the rod held at A with the
instrument still in the same position at B for a horizontal line of sight.
2. TWO PEG TEST. The two-peg test is used to determine if the line of sight of the telescope is
parallel to the axis of the bubble tube. A tilting level is set up halfway between points A and B
and rod readings on both points are 1.969m and 2.161 m, respectively. The level is then set up
1.50m away from A along the extension of the line AB and 53.50 from B. Then rod readings on
A and B were recorded as 1.554m and 1.728m, respectively. Determine if the line of sight is
inclined downward or upward and the amount by which the horizontal cross hair should be
moved to adjust the line of sight.
3. DIFFERENCE IN ELEVATION. A dumpy level is set up and leveled approximately halfway

between two points, C and D. The elevation of point C is 135.00m above the main sea level and
the reading on a rod held at this point is 1.52m. If the reading on the rod held at point D is 2.74
m, determine the difference in elevation between the two points. Also, determine the elevation at
point D.
Josiah M. Tubaga July 29, 2019
BCE 211 - 02570
4. DIFFERENCE IN ELEVATION. The backsight reading on a point is 2.25 m and the foresight
reading on a second point is 0.86 m. If the elevation of the first point is 460.96 m, determine the
elevation of the second point.
5. DIFFERENCE IN ELEVATION. Reading on a rod held at two point A and B, 75 m apart, are
2.965 m and 1.215m, respectively. Determine the rod reading at points on line AB which are 25
m and 45 m from A. Assume that there is a uniform gradient along line AB.
6. CURVATURE AND REFRACTION. Determine the combined effect of curvature and

refraction on level sights of 30, 50, 100, 250, 300, 500, 1000 and 2000 m.
7. CURVATURE AND REFRACTION. A backsight of 3.055m is taken on a point 75m from a

level station and foresight of 1.258m from the same station. Determine the difference in
elevation between the two points, taking into account the combined effect of curvature and
refraction.
BCE 211 - 02570
8. CURVATURE AND REFRACTION. Determine the backsight or foresight distance for an
instrument set up which will cause an error due to the earth’s curvature and atmospheric
refraction equal to 0.0015m, 0.0575 m, 0.0986m, 0.2935 m, and 0.8750m.
9. CURVATURE AND REFRACTION. An observer standing on shore can just see the top of a
lighthouse 16.5 km away. If the eye height of the observer above sea level is 1.735m, determine
the height of the lighthouse above sea level. Neglect the effect of the waves.
10. CURVATURE AND REFRACTION. Determine how far ( in km ) out from shore an inter-
island vessel will be when a red light on its deck, 9.45 m above the water, disappears from the
line of sight of a child standing on shore and whose eye level is 1.32 m above the water.
11. CURVATURE AND REFRACTION. By taking a sight across a lake 24 km wide through a
pair of binoculars, determine the height of the shortest tree on the opposite shore whose tip the
observer can see. Assume that the eyes of the observer are 1.675 m above the shore line on
which he stands.
BCE 211 - 02570
12. CURVATURE AND REFRACTION. Two towers, A and B, are located on level ground and
their bases have equal elevations above sea level. Determine the distance between the two towers
if a person standing on top of tower A can just see the top of tower B. His eyes are 15.50 m
above the ground.
13. CURVATURE AND REFRACTION. A lifeguard is standing on a watchtower at the edge of

the water such that his eye level is 3.50 m above sea level. If a life raft stars floating out to sea,
determine how far out it could go before it disappears from the sight of the lifeguard. Assume
that the sea is calm and a pair of binoculars is available to tract the movement of the raft.
LEVELING METHOD
1. DIFFERENTIAL LEVELLING. Complete the differential level notes shown below and
perform the customary arithmetic check.
STA BS HI FS ELEVATION
BM10 2.085 137.450m
TP1 2.015 0.982
TP2 1.864 1.428
TP3 0.579 1.527
BM11 0.423 2.423
TP4 1.446 1.807
TP5 1.778 1.725
TP6 2.051 2.339
TP7 2.920 1.005
BM12 3.186 2.358
TP8 2.805 0.995
TP9 0.774 1.206
BM13 0.603
BCE 211 - 02570
2. DIFFERENTIAL LEVELLING. In running a line of differential levels from BM1 to BM2, the
following rod readings were taken in order given: 2.40, 1.30, 1.43, 0.98, 1.25, 0.87, 1.85, 1.05,
2.94, 2.08, 1.69, 2.50, 1.61, 2.71, 0.75 and 2.11 meters. If the elevation of BM1 is 445.25 m,
complete the level notes and show the customary check on the computations.
BCE 211 - 02570
3. DIFFERENTIAL LEVELLING. Prepare and
complete the differential level notes for the
information shown in the companying
illustration, Include the customary arithmetic
check.
4. DIFFERENTIAL LEVELLING. The companying schematic arrangement of lines portrays a

differential level route. The values indicated
represent backsight and foresight readings
taken at different points as labeled. Prepare
and complete level notes for the information
shown and perform the customary arithmetic
check.
BCE 211 - 02570
5. DOUBLE-RODDED LEVELLING. Set up and complete the level notes for a double-rodded
line from BM45 to BM46. In the following rod readings H refers to the stations along the high
route and L refers to stations along the low route: BS on BM45=2.238, FS onTP1(H)=0.703, FS
on TP1(L) = 1.252, BS on TP1(H)=2.855, BS ON TP1(L) = 3.402, FS on TP2(H) = 1.173, FS on
TP2(L) = 1.558, BS on TP2(H)=2.542, BS on TP2(L)=2.932, FS on TP3(H) = 1.339, FS on
TP3(L)=1.660, BS on TP3(H) = 2.390, BS on TP3(L) = 2.711, and FS on BM46=1.015 meters.
Assume that the elevation of BM45 is 524.550m. Perform the customary arithmetic check.
6. LOCATING STATIONS. Determine the distance from station 4 + 38.85 to the following
stations: 8 + 68.42, 16 + 50.56. 2 + 73.05, 0 + 69.08 and 36 + 10.14.
BCE 211 - 02570
7. PROFILE LEVELING. Complete the following set of profile level notes and show the
customary arithmetic check.
STA BS HI FS IFS ELEV

BM-a 1.24 234.51
TP-1 1.11 3.40
1+00 4.6
+25 2.8
+50 3.6
+75 2.4
TP-2 3.21 2.46
2+00 1.2
+25 3.2
+50 2.8
TP-3 3.06 2.74
BM-b 2.40
8. RISE AND FALL METHOD. Using the rise and fall method, complete the level notes given
below and show the customary arithmetic check.
ROD READINGS DEFFERENCE IN ELEV REDUCED STA

BS IFS FS RISE FALL LEVEL
1.73 766.45m BM13
2.05 0+00
1.88 +35
1.75 +60
2.39 +80
3.25 1+00
2.44 +15
1.86 +40
1.09 +90
2.15 2+00
1.84 2.63 TP-1
BCE 211 - 02570
0.77 2+45
1.19 +68
1.08 3+00
2.52 +50
2.14 BM14

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What are the main steps involved in differential leveling?

What are some applications of curvature and refraction corrections in surveying?

Josiah M.

Tubaga July 29, 2019

3. DIFFERENCE IN ELEVATION. A dumpy level is set up and leveled approximately halfway

6. CURVATURE AND REFRACTION. Determine the combined effect of curvature and

7. CURVATURE AND REFRACTION. A backsight of 3.055m is taken on a point 75m from a

13. CURVATURE AND REFRACTION. A lifeguard is standing on a watchtower at the edge of

4. DIFFERENTIAL LEVELLING. The companying schematic arrangement of lines portrays a

STA BS HI FS IFS ELEV

ROD READINGS DEFFERENCE IN ELEV REDUCED STA

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