Summary Constructing Grounded Theory By: by A Hamzah Fansury

SUMMARY CONSTRUCTING GROUNDED THEORY BY
By
A Hamzah Fansury
POST GRADUATE PROGRAM

STATE UNIVERSITY OF MAKASSAR
2016
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
One of the most important achievements of human beings in their historical
civilization so far is language. It is through the language that they can communicate
and interact one another and even disseminate their achievements and advancements
in science, technology, economics, education, religion and culture as well to a much
wider world. Among the existing 5000-6000 human natural languages, as being
predicted by well-known futurologists, Naisbitt and Aburdance (1991:142), English
will be the most influential and dominant language in the third millennium. They
believe that more than 80 percent of scientific information on various field are
conveyed in English, a global language whose users are no less than one billion
(Crystal, 2002 : 2). From all information accessible via world electronic media, 80
percent is available in English. More over, it is more than one third of the world
scientists write in English (Crystal, 1987 : 358). In addition, from thousands of
scientific books and articles published in various academic journals are no less than
half of them presented in English.
The touched upon reality implies that in order not only to be able to follow the
latest world development but also participate and engage in the world civilization
enrichment, proficiency in English is undeniably a must. The English mastery level of
most Indonesians are still very low. This means that translators, produced by higher
education institutions, are still badly needed to bridge the gap. Accordingly they
should be able to translate both from English into Indonesian and vice versa.
However, since the study of translation from English into Indonesian has been
discussed abundantly, the present study will be focused to deal with the translation of
idioms from English into Indonesian.
Translation has been offered as one of main subjects, but most students especially
at English education still have problem in coping with translation, especially the
translation of idioms from English into Indonesian as indicated by their low
achievement in the subject.
There are many linguistic and non-linguistic factors or variables potentially
influencing and contributing to the problems that students face. Among the linguistic
factors are their low proficiency in both languages, Indonesian as well English, such
as writing, reading, speaking, listening, structure, syntax, morphology and semantic.
Where as among non linguistic factors may include of age, sex, learning duration,
learning style, learning environment, learning facility, knowledge of relevance
subjects, and psychological factors such as motivation, interest, attitude, aptitude,
intelligence, emotional, and spiritual as well.
Every language has its own idioms, a special kind of set expressions that have
developed within a language. English are abundant in idioms. As an important part of
the general vocabulary of every language, idioms are the gems of a language, which
have been described as the crystallization of human wit and wisdom. Webster’s New
World Dictionary of the American English (1988) defines “idiom” as: 1) the language
proper or peculiar to a people or to a district, community or class; the syntactical,
grammatical or structural form peculiar to a language; 2) an expression established in

the usage of a language that is peculiar to itself either in grammatical construction or
in having a meaning that cannot be derived as a whole from the conjoined meanings
of its elements; 3) style or form of artistic expression (as in painting, writing,
composing) that is characteristic especially of an individual, a period or movement, or
a medium or instrument.
We may conclude from the definitions that an idiom is an expression whose
meaning is not compositional, and does not follow from the meaning of the individual
words which make up of it. It is “an accepted phrase, construction, or expression
contrary to the usual patterns of the language or having a meaning different from the
language or having a meaning different from the literal.” (Webster’s New World
Dictionary of the American language, 2nd college edition,
1972) In some senses, idioms are the reflection of the environment, life, historical
culture, etc. of the native speakers and are closely associated with their innermost
spirit and feelings. They are commonly used in all types of language, informal and
formal, spoken and written.
As idioms are important part of languages, understanding of a language
requires understanding of its idioms and the tactics for idiom translation. Translation
is no easy job, especially the translation of idioms because idioms are the most
difficult part to render. In general, three ways are possible in translating idioms, to
name only a few : (1) to translate the idiom literally ; (2) to render the sense of the
idiom ; or (3) to use an equivalent idiom in the receptor language. To make people
better understand idioms, in this paper, according to Nida’s “dynamic equivalence”

translating theory, literal translation method of English idioms is to be discussed
because it is the most commonly used tactics in translating idioms as well as a means
of culture exchange.
Referring to explanation above, the researcher is interested in conducting a
research under the title “Students Ability in Translating Idioms Into Bahasa Indonesia
(A Case Study) at the 5th Semester English Education Department Graduate Program
Bosowa University Makassar”.
1.2 Problem Statement
Based upon the background above, the writer formulates the problem as
follows:
1. The students ability in translating.
2. The students ability in translating of idioms into bahasa Indonesia at the 5 th
Semester English Education Department Graduate Program Bosowa University
Makassar?
1.3 Research Questions
Based upon the background above, the writer formulates the problem as
follows:
1. How is the students ability in translating?
2. How is the students ability in translating of idioms into bahasa Indonesia at the
5th Semester English Education Department Graduate Program Bosowa
University Makassar?
1.4 The Objective of the Research
To the main objective of the research are follows:
1. To identify the students ability in translating.
2. To identify the students ability in translating of idioms into bahasa Indonesia
at the 5th Semester English Education Department Bosowa University
Makassar.
1.5 The Significance of Research
To the main significance of the research are follows:
a. Giving motivation to students to study English, especially in translating.
b. Expected to be important information and reference for the lectures and
students of English Education Department, especially those who are interested
in and concerned with the field of translation.

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SUMMARY CONSTRUCTING GROUNDED THEORY BY

POST GRADUATE PROGRAM

One of the most important achievements of human beings in their historical

in science, technology, economics, education, religion and culture as well to a much

predicted by well-known futurologists, Naisbitt and Aburdance (1991:142), English

scientists write in English (Crystal, 1987 : 358). In addition, from thousands of

half of them presented in English.

enrichment, proficiency in English is undeniably a must. The English mastery level of

idioms from English into Indonesian.

translation of idioms from English into Indonesian as indicated by their low

achievement in the subject.

There are many linguistic and non-linguistic factors or variables potentially

as writing, reading, speaking, listening, structure, syntax, morphology and semantic.

learning style, learning environment, learning facility, knowledge of relevance

subjects, and psychological factors such as motivation, interest, attitude, aptitude,

intelligence, emotional, and spiritual as well.

developed within a language. English are abundant in idioms. As an important part of

proper or peculiar to a people or to a district, community or class; the syntactical,

grammatical or structural form peculiar to a language; 2) an expression established in

of its elements; 3) style or form of artistic expression (as in painting, writing,

composing) that is characteristic especially of an individual, a period or movement, or

We may conclude from the definitions that an idiom is an expression whose

words which make up of it. It is “an accepted phrase, construction, or expression

Dictionary of the American language, 2nd college edition,

formal, spoken and written.

As idioms are important part of languages, understanding of a language

better understand idioms, in this paper, according to Nida’s “dynamic equivalence”

Referring to explanation above, the researcher is interested in conducting a

Bosowa University Makassar”.

1.2 Problem Statement

1. The students ability in translating.

2. The students ability in translating of idioms into bahasa Indonesia at the 5 th

Semester English Education Department Graduate Program Bosowa University

1.3 Research Questions

1. How is the students ability in translating?

5th Semester English Education Department Graduate Program Bosowa

To the main objective of the research are follows:

1. To identify the students ability in translating.

2. To identify the students ability in translating of idioms into bahasa Indonesia

at the 5th Semester English Education Department Bosowa University

1.5 The Significance of Research

To the main significance of the research are follows:

a. Giving motivation to students to study English, especially in translating.

b. Expected to be important information and reference for the lectures and

students of English Education Department, especially those who are interested

in and concerned with the field of translation.

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