Mendez Vs People 726 SCRA 203 2014

Winebrenner & Iñigo Insurance Brokers, Inc. v.
CIR
G.R. No. 206526, January 28, 2015
FACTS:
On April 15, 2004, petitioner filed its Annual Income Tax Return for CY 2003. About two
years thereafter or on April 7, 2006, petitioner applied for the administrative tax credit/refund
claiming entitlement to the refund of its excess or unutilized CWT for CY 2003.
When CTA initially granted partially the claim for refund, CIR moved for reconsideration,
praying for the denial of the entire amount of refund because petitioner failed to present the
quarterly Income Tax Returns (ITRs) for CY 2004. To the CIR, the presentation of the 2004
quarterly ITRs was indispensable in proving petitioner's entitlement to the claimed amount
because it would prove that no carry-over of unutilized and excess CWT for the four (4) quarters
of CY 2003 to the succeeding four (4) quarters of CY 2004 was made. In the absence of said
ITRs, no refund could be granted in accordance with the irrevocability rule under Section 76 of
the NIRC.
CTA then denied the entire claim of petitioner. It contended that petitioner should have
presented as evidence its first, second and third quarterly ITRs for the year 2004 to prove that
the unutilized CWT being claimed had not been carried over to the succeeding quarters. It
stated that before a cash refund or an issuance of tax credit certificate for unutilized excess tax
credits could be granted, it was essential for petitioner to establish and prove, by presenting the
quarterly ITRs of the succeeding years, that the excess CWT was not carried over to the
succeeding taxable quarters considering that the option to carry over in the succeeding taxable
quarters could not be modified in the final adjustment returns (FAR). Because petitioner did not
present the first, second and third quarterly ITRs for CY 2004, despite having offered and
submitted the Annual ITR/FAR for the same year, the CTA-En Banc stated that the petitioner
failed to discharge its burden, hence, no refund could be granted
ISSUE:
Whether the submission and presentation of the quarterly ITRs of the succeeding quarters of a
taxable year is indispensable in a claim for refund.
RULING:
No. The logic in not requiring quarterly ITRs of the succeeding taxable years to be presented
remains true to this day. What Section 76 requires, just like in all civil cases, is to prove the
prima facie entitlement to a claim, including the fact of not having carried over the excess credits
to the subsequent quarters or taxable year. It does not say that to prove such a fact, succeeding
quarterly ITRs are absolutely needed. This simply underscores the rule that any document,
other than quarterly ITRs may be used to establish that indeed the non-carry over clause has
been complied with, provided that such is competent, relevant and part of the records.The Court
is thus not prepared to make a pronouncement as to the indispensability of the quarterly ITRs in
a claim for refund for no court can limit a party to the means of proving a fact for as long as they
are consistent with the rules of evidence and fair play.
Section 76 of the NIRC requires a corporation to file a Final Adjustment Return (or
Annual ITR) covering the total taxable income for the preceding calendar or fiscal year. The total
taxable income contains the combined income for the four quarters of the taxable year, as well
as the deductions and excess tax credits carried over in the quarterly income tax returns for the
same period. If the excess tax credits of the preceding year were deducted, whether in whole or
in part, from the estimated income tax liabilities of any of the taxable quarters of the succeeding
taxable year, the total amount of the tax credits deducted for the entire taxable year should
appear in the Annual ITR under the item “Prior Year’s Excess Credits.” Otherwise, or if the tax
credits were carried over to the succeeding quarters and the corporation did not report it in the
annual ITR, there would be a discrepancy in the amounts of combined income and tax credits
carried over for all quarters and the corporation would end up shouldering a bigger tax payable.
It must be remembered that taxes computed in the quarterly returns are mere estimates. It is the
annual ITR which shows the aggregate amounts of income, deductions, and credits for all
quarters of the taxable year. It is the final adjustment return which shows whether a corporation
incurred a loss or gained a profit during the taxable quarter. Thus, the presentation of the
annual ITR would suffice in proving that prior year’s excess credits were not utilized for the
taxable year in order to make a final determination of the total tax due.

Mendez Vs People 726 SCRA 203 2014

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Winebrenner & Iñigo Insurance Brokers, Inc. v.

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