Anoop A Parapurath IDC\PT 6th May 2014

IEC 61850 Basics

IEC 61850 Basics
Content
Part 1

§ Utility, Substation & Substation automation function

§ IEC & IEC 61850

§ IEC 61850 Data Model

§ Commonly used services of IEC 61850 (GOOSE, MMS)

§ Performance requirement

§ IEC 61850 basic engineering concept & Demo using PCM600

Part 2
§ ACSI & SCSM

§ The Goal of the IEC 61850 standard

§ Conformance testing handling & Tissues

§ IEC 61850 Ed 2.0 – A quick glance

§ IEC 61850 parts of the standard

§ Conformance documents

© ABB Group
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IEC 61850 Basics

Part 1

© ABB Group
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Utility - Overview
400 kV
Transmission
substation

Transformer

132/110 kV

66 / 33 kV Main substation

400 V
Secondary
substation
36kV - 24kV – 12kV Distribution
substation
Substation
An electrical substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity generation,
transmission and distribution system where voltage is transformed from high to low
or the reverse using transformers. Electric power may flow through several
substations between generating plant and consumer, and may be changed in
voltage in several steps.

© ABB Group
May 12, 2015 | Slide 5
Substation Continued…

© ABB Group
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Substation Continued…

© ABB Group
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IEC
IEC 61850

The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the world’s

leading organization that prepares and publishes International Standards
for all electrical, electronic and related technologies

IEC 61850 Ed 1.0 => Communication networks and systems in substations

IEC 61850 Ed 2.0 => Communication networks and systems for power utility
automation

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Substation automation functions

§ Protection
§ Earth fault, Over current, Distance etc
§ Control
§ Operation of switches (Circuit breaker, Isolators etc)
§ Monitoring
§ The position of switches
§ Current , Voltage, Power etc.
§ Warning & Alarming events

Note: Only the basic functions and services are covered in this session

© ABB Group
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Single Line Diagram

single-line diagram (SLD) is a simplified notation for representing a three-

phase power system

Bay

© ABB Group
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Substation automation functions
Protection

Transformer

CT -> Current Transformer

Protection IED
VT -> Voltage Transformer

Protection IED

© ABB Group
Line to transmit
May 12, 2015 | Slide 11
Power
Substation automation functions
Protection Continued….

Transformer

CT -> Current Transformer

Protection IED
VT -> Voltage Transformer

Fault current

Blocking
information

Fault current

Protection IED

© ABB Group
Line to transmit
Fault
May 12, 2015 | Slide 12
Power
Substation automation functions
Protection Continued….
Transformer

CT -> Current Transformer

VT -> Voltage Transformer Protection IED

Protection IED
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Line to transmit
Power
Substation automation functions
Control

Station HMI § Operation of

§ Circuit breaker
§ Isolators
§ Earth switch

© ABB Group
May 12, 2015 | Slide 14
Substation automation functions
Control Continued….

Transformer

CT -> Current Transformer

Protection & Control IED
VT -> Voltage Transformer

Protection & Control IED

© ABB Group
Line to transmit
May 12, 2015 | Slide 15
Power
Substation automation functions
Control Continued….
Transformer

CT -> Current Transformer

VT -> Voltage Transformer Protection IED

Protection IED
© ABB Group
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Line to transmit
Power
Substation automation functions
Monitoring

Station HMI

§ Switch position
§ Current, Voltage, power
§ Alarming conditions

© ABB Group
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Substation automation functions
Summary
Station HMI

Transformer

CT -> Current Transformer

Protection IED
VT -> Voltage Transformer

Control

Protection

Monitoring

Protection IED
*Apart from Station HMI, control and monitoring
is possible locally at the IED or Switchgear Line to transmit
*Arrow marks are shown only for explaining the Power
The functionality

© ABB Group
May 12, 2015 | Slide 18
Substation automation function
Levels
Process level Bay level Station level

Bay 1 REPORT
CONTROL

MMS

GOOSE

IEC 61850 8-1 Station bus

Bay 2

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Substation automation function
Levels
Process level Bay level Station level

Bay 1 REPORT
CONTROL
IEC 61850 9-2 Process Bus

MMS

GOOSE

IEC 61850 8-1 Station bus

Bay 2
MU – Merging Unit

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Substation automation function
Levels

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Substation automation
Data Exchange

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IEC 61850
Station bus
§Data is transferred mainly according IEC 61850-8-1:

§Control service
§Commands

§Report service
§Indications to IEC 61850 clients

§GOOSE service
§Indication and information exchange between bay level IEDs

§File transfer service

§Transmission of disturbance records

Note: Only commonly used services are mentioned. For more details on services refer IEC
61850 7-2 and IEC 61850 8-1

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IEC 61850
Data model - Logical Node (LN)

§ Definition
§ An object which represent a specific function in a domain e.g
Substation automation, Hydro Power plant etc
§ A named grouping of data and associated services that is logically
related to a function.
§ Smallest part of a function that exchanges data.
§ Logical node classes are defined in IEC 61850 7-4
§ 4 letters are used for defining the logical node class e.g. STMP, XCBR
§ First letter represents the function group which belongs to e.g. in STMP, S
denote is logical node for a supervising function
§ A logical node type is created out of classes by adding prefix and
instance number as suffix e.g CNSCSTMP1

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IEC 61850
Data model - Logical Node

LN class name

DO name

Description

© ABB Group Information from IEC61850 7-4 Ed (2.0)

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IEC 61850
Data model - Logical Node Type

LN Type from LN Class

CNCSTMP1
Alm
Trip

Information from IEC61850 7-4 Ed (2.0)

Allows inclusion of vendor specific DOs while creating a LN type. Refer the MICS document
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IEC 61850
Data model – Common Data Class

© ABB Group Information from IEC61850 7-4 Ed (2.0)

May 12, 2015 | Slide 27
IEC 61850
Data model – Common Data Class

© ABB Group Information from IEC61850 7-3 Ed (2.0)

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IEC 61850
Data attribute - quality

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IEC 61850
Data reference – From LN level

CNCSTMP1/Alm/stVal
CNCSTMP1/Alm/q
CNCSTMP1/Alm/t

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IEC 61850
Logical Device (LD)

• Entity that represents a set of typical automation, protection or other

functions
• It is a meaningful collection of LNs for performing a common action
e.g. Monitoring, Protection , Control etc

IED Name
(Technical Key)

Logical devices

Physical device IEC 61850 View

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IEC 61850
Data reference from communication interface

CNSCSTMP1
Alm
Trip

IECV1208a/CNC_1/CNSCSTMP1/Alm/stVal

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IEC 61850
Data Model

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Substation automation function
Monitoring – Report Service
Process level Bay level Station level

Bay 1 REPORT

IEC 61850 8-1 Station bus

Bay 2
MU – Merging Unit

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IEC 61850
Report Service
• Two Party Association => Client – Server based

Report Control block

Attributes for
Data exchange
Dataset
CNC_1\CNCSTMP1\Alm (FC=ST)
CNC_1\CNCSTMP2\Alm (FC=ST) Collection
CNC_1\CNCSTMP2\Alm (FC=ST)

FCDA => Used to group commonly used data attributes for easy retrieval
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IEC 61850
Report Service

Report Control block

Dataset
CNC_1\CNCSTMP1\Alm (FC=ST)
CNC_1\CNCSTMP2\Alm (FC=ST)
CNC_1\CNCSTMP2\Alm (FC=ST)

Trigger Data change (DChg )

option
Quality change (QChg)
Data update (Dupd)
Integrity (Cyclic) Cyclic time
General interrogation

Type of Buffered Buffer Time (BufTm)

Reporting
Un-buffered
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IEC 61850
Report Service

BRCB – Buffered Report Control Block

Internal events (caused by trigger options data-change, quality-change,
and data-update) issue immediate sending of reports orbuffer the
events (to some practical limit) for transmission, such that values of
data object are not lost due to transport flow control constraints or loss
of connection. BRCB provides the sequence-of-events (SOE)
functionality;

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IEC 61850
Report Service

URCB – Un-buffered Report Control Block

Internal events (caused by trigger options data-change, quality-change,
and data-update) issue immediate sending of reports. If no association
exists, or if the transport data flow is not fast enough to support it, events
may be lost.

© ABB Group
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IEC 61850
GOOSE
• Generic Object Oriented Substation Event
• Multicast
• Fast transfer

GOOSE Control block

Attributes for
Data exchange
Dataset

CNC_1\CNCSTMP1\Alm .stVal
CNC_1\CNCSTMP2\Alm.q Collection

© ABB Group
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IEC 61850
GOOSE

GOOSE Control Block

Dataset
CNC_1\CNCSTMP1\Alm .stVal
CNC_1\CNCSTMP2\Alm.q

APP-ID
VLAN-ID
VLAN-PRIORITY
MinTime
MiaxTime

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IEC 61850
GOOSE

MinTime MaxTime

T0 retransmission in stable conditions (no event for a long time).

(T0) retransmission in stable conditions may be shortened by an
event.
T1 shortest retransmission time after the event.
T2, T3 retransmission times until achieving the stable conditions time.
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IEC 61850
Performance requirement

© ABB Group
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IEC 61850
Performance requirement Continued…

© ABB Group
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IEC 61850
Performance requirement Continued…
Type 1A “Trip”
The trip is the most important fast message in the substation. Therefore, this
message has more demanding requirements compared to all other fast
messages. Same performance may be requested for interlocking, intertrips and
logic discrimination between protection functions.

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IEC 61850
Performance requirement Continued…
Type 1B “Others”
All other fast messages are important for the interaction of the automation
system with the process but have less demanding requirements compared to
the “trip”. The performance for automation functions are typically between the
response time of operators (order of 1 000 ms) and of protection (order of 10
ms). This performance is also valid for such messages between a substations
automation systems and other local systems.

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IEC 61850 Ed 1.0
Engineering - SCL

• Engineering information exchange is done using Substation Configuration

Language (SCL)
• XML format
• ICD, SCD,SSD are the file types used during engineering and are based on
SCL
• ICD IED Capability Description
• SCD System Configuration Description
• SSD System Specification Description

Note: IEC 61850 Ed 2.0 uses two more file types IID and SED for engineering
• SED System Exchange Description
• IID Instantiated IED Description

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IEC 61850 Ed 1.0
Engineering workflow

ICD

SCD

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IEC 61850
IED Configurator
• Create the ICD file,
• To modify the data model, parameter and configuration values either for a new
ICD file
• IED configurator is responsible for binding incoming data from other IEDs as
defined within an imported SCD file to internal signals, e.g. by means of the
SCL Input section, and for generating and loading the IED instance specific
configuration data, which a CID file could be a part of.
• Write the Configuration into IED

PCM600

© ABB Group
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IEC 61850
System Configurator
• Create IED instances
• Engineer the data flow between the IEDs, give addresses to them

Note: For the detailed capability of System Configurator, refer IEC 61850-6 Ed2.0 Page 109

PCM600

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IEC 61850
System Configurator Continued…
• Create IED instances from IED templates
• Engineer the data flow between the IEDs, give addresses to them
• Bind the logical nodes to the primary system

Note: For the detailed capability of System Configurator, refer IEC 61850-6 Ed 2.0 Page 109

IET600

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IEC 61850 Ed 1.0
Engineering workflow

System
Configurator
IED Configurator

§ Instantiation of 2 REC650 IEDs

§ Creation of Dataset for GOOSE service
§ Creation of GOOSE control block
§ Connecting to GOOSE data to subscribing IED
§ Creation of Dataset for Report service
§ Creation of Report control block
§ Generation of SCD file and quick walk through
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IEC 61850 Basics

Part 2

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IEC 61850
ACSI – Abstract Communication Service Interface
ACSI defines
• A hierarchical class model of all information that can be accessed via a
communication network
• E.g. get the list of Logical nodes under an LD

• Services that operate on these classes

• E.g. Control services like operate

• Parameters associated with each service

• E.g. Control value (ctlVal) carries the value whether to open or close the switch

Reference : IEC 61850 -7-2 Ed 2.0

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IEC 61850
SCSM – Specific Communication Service Mapping
It specifies the mapping of the objects and services of the ACSI (Abstract
Communication Service Interface, IEC 61850-7-2) to MMS (Manufacturing
Message Specification, ISO 9506)and ISO/IEC 8802-3 frames.

SCSM

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IEC 61850
SCSM – Specific Communication Service Mapping Continued..

Reference : IEC 61850 -8-1 Ed 2.0

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IEC 61850
SCSM – Specific Communication Service Mapping Continued..

SCSM

Reference : http://blog.iec61850.com/2010/08/many-abstract-and-concrete-layers-in.html

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IEC 61850
Long term stability

Application Long-term definition

Slow Domain Application Safe-guarding investments
•Objects
Substation •Services

Abstract Interface

Adaptation
Mapping
per selected stack

Stack Interface
7
6 MMS
5
4 TCP/IP Stack selection
3
Communication 2 following state-of-art
Fast Technology 1
Ethernet Communication technology
ISO/OSI Approach of
seven layer stack IEC61850

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IEC 61850
A view of Data model and services

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IEC 61850
The goal of the IEC 61850 standard

Interoperability The ability for IED’s from one or several manufacturer

to exchange information and use the information for the
their own functions.

Free Configuration The standard shall support different philosophies and

allow a free allocation of functions e.g. Can work in a
centralized architecture as well as distributed
architecture

Long Term Stability The standard shall be future proof, i.e. it must be able
to follow the progress in communication technology as
well as evolving system requirements.

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IEC 61850
Interoperability

ABB SIEMENS

ABB SIEMENS ALSTOM

© ABB Group
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IEC 61850
Interoperability Continued..

§ What is needed for interoperability:

IEC 61850 -7 -3, 7-4 • Common standardized data model
• Common standardized service model

IEC 61850 - 7-2, 8-1 • Common standardized protocol

• Common standardized communication architecture

IEC 61850 - 6 • Common standardized engineering data exchange

IEC 61850 - 10 • Common standardized conformance tests

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IEC 61850
Free configuration

Reference : IEC 61850 -5 Ed 2.0

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IEC 61850
Long term stability

Application Long-term definition

Slow Domain Application Safe-guarding investments
•Objects
Substation •Services

Abstract Interface

Adaptation
Mapping
per selected stack

Stack Interface
7
6 MMS
5
4 TCP/IP Stack selection
3
Communication 2 following state-of-art
Fast Technology 1
Ethernet Communication technology
ISO/OSI Approach of
seven layer stack IEC61850

© ABB Group
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IEC 61850
Standardised conformance test IEC 61850 - 10

UCA international user group (ucaiug)

• Manages Quality program
• IEC 61850 Testing sub committee
• Set-up and maintain test procedures
• Accreditation procedures for test labs
• Sharepoint with documents, minutes of meeting and
certificates

http://www.ucaiug.org/

© ABB Group
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IEC 61850
Standardised conformance test IEC 61850 - 10

Vendor independent Testing agency

Link for presentation from KEMA

Link to the IEC 61850 conformance certificate of products

© ABB Group
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IEC 61850
Tissues

• Technical Issues in the released standard

• http://tissues.iec61850.com/default.mspx

• *This site has no search unfortunately. However, you can search it

using Google search, with the following search string:

• site:http://www.tissues.iec61850.com what-I-look-for
Example:
site:http://www.tissues.iec61850.com maxAttributes

* Information from IEC61850 group in Yammer

© ABB Group
Month DD, Year | Slide 66
IEC 61850 Ed 2.0
Communication networks and systems for power utility automation

© ABB Group
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IEC 61850 Ed 2.0
Extended Data Exchange

© ABB Group
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IEC 61850 Ed 2.0
Engineering

© ABB Group
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IEC 61850 Ed 2.0
Parts of the standard

New documents in IEC 61850 Ed 2.0

Reference : IEC 61850- 5 Ed 2.0
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IEC 61850
Conformance documents

MICS
• Model Information Conformity Statement
PICS
• Protocol Information Conformity Statement
PIXIT
• Protocol Implementation Extra information
TICS
• Technical Issue Conformance Statement

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IEC 61850
Useful Links

Yammer IEC61850 Group

LinkedIn 61850 Group
IEC61850 Blog

© ABB Group
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