EEE362 Microwave Engineering Course Outline
EEE362 Microwave Engineering Course Outline
EEE362 Microwave Engineering Course Outline
2)
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
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EEE362 Microwave Engineering (Version No. 2)
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Page 2
EEE362 Microwave Engineering (Version No. 2)
Microwave Engineering
Course code:
EEE362 (3+1)
Prerequisites:
EEE232 Electronics ‐ II
EEE261 Electromagnetic Theory
Co‐requisites:
None
Course Catalog Description:
Introduction to Microwave concepts and principles, frequencies range, properties and applications.
Time varying Fields and Maxwell’s Equations: Wave equations and their Solutions, Time Harmonic
Fields, Plane Electromagnetic Waves, Boundary Conditions, Polarisation and its types, Theory and
Application of Transmission Lines, special cases of transmission lines, Matching networks, Smith’s
Chart, Application of L‐section and/or tuning stubs as matching networks, quarter wave transformer,
Theory of small reflections, Binomial Multi‐section Matching.
Microwaves transmission media, their behaviour along uniform guiding structure, transmission
lines, Parallel Plate waveguide, Rectangular waveguide, TEM, TE and TM modes, cut off frequency,
attenuation due to conductor and dielectric, Lumped elements, transmission line and cavity
resonators, loaded and unloaded quality factor, Microwave network analysis, S‐parameters, Using
Matrices to find s‐parameters of networks with n‐ports or cascaded networks, Microwave
components, power dividers, directional couplers, hybrids, joints, bends, Even & Odd mode analysis,
Waveguide power dividers, Theory and design of Ferromagnetic components, Design, simulate and
build Active Microwave devices.
Textbook:
1. Microwave Engineering by David M. Pozar.
2. Microwave Devices & Circuits by Samuel Y. Liao.
Reference Books:
1. Foundations of Microwave Engineering by Robert E. Collins.
2. Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics by Ramo, Whinnery and Van Duzer.
Course Learning Objectives:
The students in this course will gain fundamental understanding of the basics of microwaves,
microwave components and circuits in terms of scattering parameters, electrical characteristics of
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waveguides and transmission lines through electromagnetic field analysis, designing of various types
of microwave guiding structures, wave generation and propagation through various types of media,
power dividers, directional couplers, measurement of these devices, use of CAD tools in Microwave/
RF circuit design.
Course Learning Outcomes:
After successfully completing this course, the students will be able to:
1. Appreciate Maxwell’s equations, potential functions, wave equations & solutions, time
harmonic fields, flow of electromagnetic power and Pointing vector.(C2‐PLO1)
2. Compare the Circuit & Transmission line theory and see the pattern in effects on various
transmission line parameters under specific conditions.(C4‐PLO2)
3. Apply impedance matching techniques such as using quarter wave transformers, L‐section or
tuning stubs and the Smith Chart to match the resonating structures to the signal generator,
Design transmission line parallel plate waveguides, rectangular waveguides, their resonators
and cavity resonators as well as design, simulate and build Active Microwave devices.(C5‐PLO3)
4. Understand the principles of power measurement and microwave components such as Power
Dividers, Directional Couplers etc. and be able to carry out high‐frequency power measurements
using Scattering – parameters.(C3‐PLO1)
5. Use modern tools/resources for application of various techniques. (A3‐PLO5)
6. Present and analyze data with effective report writing skills.(A2‐PLO10)
Course Schedule:
3 credit hours/week
One laboratory session/week (3 hours/session)
Topics Covered:
1. Introduction to Microwave concepts and principles, frequencies range, properties and
applications, Maxwell’s equations, electromagnetic boundary conditions, Plane waves, wave
equations and their solutions, time harmonic field, Polarisation and types (2 weeks)
2. Lumped‐Element circuit equivalent Model of Transmission line, Field Analysis of Transmission
line, Lossless, terminated transmission lines of various lengths, effect on the Impedance,
voltage & current, Smith Chart, Transmission line impedance matching with Lumped Elements,
Single Stub, Double Stub, Quarter wave transformer (3 weeks)
3. Theory of small reflections, Binomial Multi‐section Matching, Percentage Fractional
Bandwidths (1 week)
4. Microwave Transmission Media, TEM,TE and TM Waves and TEM,TE and TM Modes,
fundamental Modes, cut‐off frequency and wave number, Transmission of Microwaves through
Parallel plate waveguides and Rectangular wave guide, wave behaviour and effect on various
parameters (2 weeks)
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5. Series and Parallel Lumped Elements Resonant Circuits, state of various parameters at
resonance frequency, Transmission line Resonators, half power fractional bandwidth, Loaded &
unloaded quality factor, Waveguide Cavity (2 weeks)
6. Microwave Network Analysis, The Scattering Parameters, Two port Network analysis using S‐
parameters, Use of Matrices to find s‐parameters of networks with n‐ports or cascaded
networks, Application of S‐parameters for measurements at joints and bends of microwave
networks by constructing equivalent 2‐port Lumped networks with T or Pi configurations (2
weeks)
7. Microwave components, power dividers, directional couplers, hybrids and their characteristics,
T‐junction divider, Lossless divider, Wilkinson’s Power divider, Even & Odd mode analysis, Un‐
equal power division and N‐way Wilkinson divider, Waveguide directional Couplers (2 weeks)
8. Theory and design of Ferromagnetic components, Klystrons, Reflex Klystrons, Magnetron,
Designing active Microwave devices (1 week)
Assessment Plan:
Homework assignments 10%
2 Sessional exams (in class, 60‐80 minutes each, 10%+15%) 25%
Terminal exam (3 hours) 50%
Total (theory) 100%
2 Lab sessional 25%
Lab project and terminal exam 50%
Total (lab) 100%
Final marks Theory marks * 0.75 + Lab marks * 0.25
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Learning Outcomes Assessment Plan(Tentative):
Table 1 ‐ Assessment Plan for Course Learning Outcomes
Laboratory Experiences:
There is a Laboratory component in all 3+1 credit courses taught at the department. Lab work consists
of a minimum of 12 experiments and related assignments, which constitute 25% of the overall course‐
grade. The laboratory experiments include designing of various types of antennas. This course
familiarises the students with the use of RF design software’s e.g. ADS (Advanced Design System), HFSS
(High frequency structure simulators).
Laboratory Resources:
The relevant laboratory is equipped with workbenches and computers to facilitate the experiments
outlined in the lab handbook(s) that are periodically updated. A current list of the 12 lab experiments
performed in this course is provided as Annexure‐II. The list of software and equipment available is also
posted in all labs and is managed by staff dedicated for this purpose.
Computer Resources:
For the purpose of this course the software’s ADS and HFSS is used throughout the course
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Mapping Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs) to Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs):
PLO 1 Engineering Knowledge: An ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science,
engineering fundamentals and an engineering specialization to the solution of
complex engineering problems.
PLO 2 Problem Analysis: An ability to identify, formulate, research literature, and analyze
complex engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first
principles of mathematics, natural sciences and engineering sciences.
PLO 3 Design/Development of Solutions: An ability to design solutions for complex
engineering problems and design systems, components or processes that meet
specified needs with appropriate consideration for public health and safety, cultural,
societal, and environmental considerations.
PLO 4 Investigation: An ability to investigate complex engineering problems in a
methodical way including literature survey, design and conduct of experiments,
analysis and interpretation of experimental data, and synthesis of information to
derive valid conclusions.
PLO 5 Modern Tool Usage: An ability to create, select and apply appropriate techniques,
resources, and modern engineering and IT tools, including prediction and modeling,
to complex engineering activities, with an understanding of the limitations.
PLO 6 The Engineer and Society: An ability to apply reasoning informed by contextual
knowledge to assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the
consequent responsibilities relevant to professional engineering practice and
solution to complex engineering problems.
PLO 7 Environment and Sustainability: An ability to understand the impact of professional
engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts and demonstrate
knowledge of and need for sustainable development.
PLO 8 Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities
and norms of engineering practice.
PLO 9 Individual and Team Work: An ability to work effectively, as an individual or in a
team, on multifaceted and /or multidisciplinary settings.
PLO 10 Communication: An ability to communicate effectively, orally as well as in writing, on
complex engineering activities with the engineering community and with society at
large, such as being able to comprehend and write effective reports and design
documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear
instructions.
PLO 11 Project Management: An ability to demonstrate management skills and apply
engineering principles to one’s own work, as a member and/or leader in a team, to
manage projects in a multidisciplinary environment.
PLO 12 Lifelong Learning: An ability to recognize importance of, and pursue lifelong learning
in the broader context of innovation and technological developments.
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PLOs
PLO 10
PLO 11
PLO 12
PLO 1
PLO 2
PLO 3
PLO 4
PLO 5
PLO 6
PLO 7
PLO 8
PLO 9
CLOs
CLO 1 C2
CLO 2 C4
CLO 3 C5
CLO 4 C3
CLO5 A3
CLO6 A2
Table 2: Mapping CLOs to PLOs
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Outcome Coverage Explanation:
(a) An ability to apply knowledge of math, science and engineering: Knowledge of mathematics and
engineering applications is required to solve the homework, exams, and laboratory experiments which
lead to the successful completion of the course. Students learn how fundamental and advanced
mathematical concepts are used to understand, design various types of antennas and radio wave
propagation.
(b) An ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyse and interpret data:
Laboratory exercises give students experience to design high frequency structures such as resonators,
radiating elements and interpretation of the results.
(c) An ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs within realistic
constraints such as economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety,
manufacturability, and sustainability: The lab sessions combined with the theory taught in the course
enable students to design a complete RF system and analyse environmental and safety hazards
produced by the system.
(d) An ability to function on multidisciplinary teams: These objectives are not directly addressed in
this course
(e) An ability to identify, formulate and solve engineering problems: The course shows the value of
theory, by making it possible for the students to solve relevant engineering problems, which form the
basis of more complex problems in antenna designing and analysis (High relevance to course).
(f), (g), (h), (i) and (j): These objectives are not directly addressed in this course
(k) An ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering
practice: The HFSS design and simulation tool is used extensively in the laboratory sessions (High
relevance to course).
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ANNEXURE‐I
Tentative Lecture Breakdown (30 Lectures):
No. of
Topics
lectures
Introduction to Microwave concepts and principles, frequencies range, properties and
1
applications
Maxwell’s equations, electromagnetic boundary conditions, Plane waves, wave equations
2
and their solutions, time harmonic field, Polarisation and types
Lumped‐Element circuit equivalent Model of Transmission line, Field Analysis of
3
Transmission line, Lossless, terminated transmission lines of various lengths, effect on the
Impedance, voltage & current
Smith Chart, Transmission line impedance matching with Lumped Elements, Single Stub, 3
Double Stub, Quarter wave transformer
Theory of small reflections, Binomial Multi‐section Matching both from table &
2
analytically, Percentage Fractional Bandwidths
Microwave Transmission Media, TEM,TE and TM Waves and TEM,TE and TM Modes,
2
fundamental Modes, cut‐off frequency and wave number
Transmission of Microwaves through Parallel plate waveguides and Rectangular wave 2
guide, wave behaviour and effect on various parameters
Series and Parallel Lumped Elements Resonant Circuits, state of various parameters at
2
resonance frequency
Transmission line Resonators, half power fractional bandwidth, Loaded & unloaded
2
quality factor, Waveguide Cavity
Microwave Network Analysis , The Scattering Parameters, Two port Network analysis
1
using S‐parameters
Using Matrices to find S‐parameters of networks with n‐ports or cascaded networks 1
Application of S‐parameters for measurements at joints and bends of microwave
1
networks by constructing equivalent 2‐port Lumped networks with T or Pi configurations
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Microwave components, power dividers, directional couplers, hybrids and their
2
characteristics, T‐junction divider, Lossless divider
Wilkinson’s Power divider, Even & Odd mode analysis 1
Un‐equal power division and N‐way Wilkinson divider, Waveguide directional Couplers 1
Theory and design of Ferromagnetic components, Klystrons, Reflex Klystrons, Magnetron,
2
Vacuum tubes, T WT and CFA and their applications
Designing active Microwave devices such as Microwave Filters, Amplifiers & Oscillators 2
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ANNEXURE‐II
List of Experiments:
Introduction to ADS, schematic design environment, momentum, analysis types
Lab‐1
and their usage, time and frequency domain analysis
Lab‐2 momentum, analysis types and their usage, time and frequency domain analysis
Lab‐3 Introduction to various simulation types, AC, DC, S, LSSP, Transient, HB
Lab‐4 Lumped Components filter design in ADS using design guide
Lab‐6 Band pass coupled line filter design in schematic and momentum
Intro to substrate types, relative permittivity, loss tangent, different impedance
Lab‐7 standards, parametric analysis of substrate parameters and microstrip
parameters.
Lab‐8 Pin Diode Modulator Experiment using ED‐3000 Microwave Trainer Kit
Lab‐9 Basic properties of the directional coupler using ED‐3000 Microwave Trainer Kit
Lab‐10 Standing wave ratio (SWR) measurements on ED‐3000 Microwave Trainer
Lab‐11 Attenuation measurements on ED‐3000 Microwave Trainer
Lab‐12 Simulation of Magic Tee in HFSS
Lab‐13‐14 Lab Project / Lab Viva
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