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    Group 2 Fiber Exercise

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    Maitsudá Matos
    This document discusses modes in step-index optical fibers. It explains that step-index optical fibers have a core with a higher refractive index than the cladding. Modes are supported when the numerical aperture and V number criteria are satisfied. The document derives the Helmholtz equation for the electric field in a step-index fiber using separation of variables. It then gives examples of determining if a fiber is single-mode or multi-mode based on its parameters and calculating the number of supported modes.

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    Group 2 Fiber Exercise

    Uploaded by

    Maitsudá Matos
    82 views1 page
    This document discusses modes in step-index optical fibers. It explains that step-index optical fibers have a core with a higher refractive index than the cladding. Modes are supported when the numerical aperture and V number criteria are satisfied. The document derives the Helmholtz equation for the electric field in a step-index fiber using separation of variables. It then gives examples of determining if a fiber is single-mode or multi-mode based on its parameters and calculating the number of supported modes.

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    Group 2 Fiber Exercise

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    This document discusses modes in step-index optical fibers. It explains that step-index optical fibers have a core with a higher refractive index than the cladding. Modes are supported when the numerical aperture and V number criteria are satisfied. The document derives the Helmholtz equation for the electric field in a step-index fiber using separation of variables. It then gives examples of determining if a fiber is single-mode or multi-mode based on its parameters and calculating the number of supported modes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    82 views1 page

    Group 2 Fiber Exercise

    Uploaded by

    Maitsudá Matos
    This document discusses modes in step-index optical fibers. It explains that step-index optical fibers have a core with a higher refractive index than the cladding. Modes are supported when the numerical aperture and V number criteria are satisfied. The document derives the Helmholtz equation for the electric field in a step-index fiber using separation of variables. It then gives examples of determining if a fiber is single-mode or multi-mode based on its parameters and calculating the number of supported modes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    ELEC-E3240 - Exercise 2

    Modes in step-index optical fibers

    1. Explain briefly the following concepts (max two pages)


    a) Modes in step-index optical fiber
    b) Structure of step-index optical fiber
    c) Numerical aperture (NA)
    d) V number
    e) Cutoff conditions
    2. Helmholtz equation for the axial component of the electric field Ez in an optical fiber can be expressed in
    cylindrical coordinates as

    1 2 Ez 2 Ez
     
    1 Ez
    r + 2 + + k02 n2 Ez = 0
    r r r r 2 z 2

    Derive the solution of this equation in the core and cladding of a step-index optical fiber using separation
    of variables. i.e. use the ansatz Ez (r, , z) = R(r)()Z(z) and solve R(r), (), and Z(z).
    Hint: You can discard one of the terms in the solution of Z(z) by fixing the propagation direction as +z.
    Hint: For the radial dependence R(r), you should get

    2 R(r) 2
     
    R(r)
    r2 + r + r 2
    k 2 2
    0 n 2
    R(r) = 0
    r2 r r2

    The solutions of this equation are Bessel functions and modified Bessel functions. The correct function
    in the core and in the cladding can be chosen based on which function seems physically most reasonable.
    (The field should be finite for any value of r etc.)
    3. a) Determine whether the following telecommunications fiber is single-moded or multi-moded at the given
    wavelength.
    nclad = 1.4636, ncore = 1.4682, dcore = 8.2 m, laser = 1550 nm
    b) Determine the number of TE0m modes that this fibre can support at the given wavelength. Is it a
    multimode or single mode type fiber?
    nclad = 1.48, ncore = 1.50, dcore = 20 m, laser = 980 nm
    Hint: Use the V number
    2
    q
    V = a n2core n2clad

    and the table below.

    Roots of Bessel functions


    k J0 (x) J1 (x) J2 (x) J3 (x) J4 (x) J5 (x)
    1 2.4048 3.8317 5.1356 6.3802 7.5883 8.7715
    2 5.5201 7.0156 8.4172 9.7610 11.0647 12.3386
    3 8.6537 10.1735 11.6198 13.0152 14.3725 15.7002
    4 11.7915 13.3237 14.7960 16.2235 17.6160 18.9801
    5 14.9309 16.4706 17.9598 19.4094 20.8269 22.2178

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