Grammar Module

UPSR
ENGLISH MODULE
PREFACE:
GRRIS Module is organized to give English teachers

an alternative method to teach English Language to
the pupils.
There are 5 integrated activities that can be

done in the classroom to tackle the problems arise in
UPSR Bahasa Inggeris Pemahaman Paper and
Bahasa Inggeris Penulisan Paper
The activities are:
1 GraD (Grammar in Development)
A systematic method designed for pupils to

master grammar items.
2 ReCoME (Reading Comprehension Made

Easy)
Generate pupils ideas through WH questions.
3 RUSh (Read, Understand, Search)
A useful guide for pupils to find and locate

information.
4 ISi (Idea Supporting idea)
A step-by-step guide to generate main and

supporting ideas.
5 StraW (Strategic Writing)
Show steps should be taken by pupils

to write a composition.
2
PANEL MEMBERS
1. ENCIK EMMY JASMIN BIN HJ. OTHMAN

SMK SERI PEKAN.
2. TUAN HAJI SUHAIMI BIN IDRIS,

SK JENGKA SEBELAS.
3. ENCIK MOHD ZARIM BIN MISWAN

SK MERCHONG JAYA.
4. PUAN NORAZIAH BINTI JELANI

SK LKTP JENGKA 5.
5. PUAN SITI MAZURA BINTI SHAIKH MUSTAFA

SK BUKIT RANGIN.
6. PUAN NOOR BAIDURI BINTI CHE JAFFAR

SK TUNKU AZIZAH.
7. PUAN SUZZANNA BINTI AMIR MOHAMMAD

SK JAYA GADING.
8. PUAN ROHANA BINTI RAZLAN

SK PELINDUNG.
9. PUAN MASNI BINTI OTHMAN

SK WIRA.
10.ENCIK MAZARUL ARIF BIN OSMAN

SK PEKAN JAYA.
3
INSTRUCTIONS
1 GraD (Grammar in Development)

a) Teacher introduces the topics.
b) Teacher gives notes and examples.
c) Pupils give more examples.
d) Pupils complete tasks given.
i. Choose the correct answer.
ii. Fill in the blanks.
iii. Construct sentences based on the
pupils ability and creativity.
2 ReCoME (Reading Comprehension Made

Easy)
a) Pupils identify keywords in WH
questions.
b) Pupils construct grammatically
correct sentences.
c) Pupils give short and simple
supporting ideas.
3 RUSh (Read, Understand, Search)

a) Pupils have to read and understand
the text given.
b) Pupils locate specific information
from the text.
c) Pupils search for keywords.
d) Pupils choose the BEST answer and
fill in the blanks with correct
information.
4
4 ISi (Idea Supporting idea)
a) Find the keywords from the rubric.
b) Circle the keywords.
c) Draw a bubble map by answering Wh-
questions
d) Then, use the answers gathered from
the questions to start writing.
5 StraW (Strategic Writing)

a) Pupils identify the tense(s) by looking at
the verbs.
b) Pupils find / acknowledge the meaning
of the words given.
c) Pupils construct sentences in Malay
language.
d) Then pupils translate the sentences to
English Language .
e) Finally check ;
i grammar
ii spelling
iii punctuation
iv storyline
v paragraphing
NOTE :
- Teachers are required to add more exercises
to enhance pupils understanding.
- The panel members hope that this module will
help the teachers to carry out effective
classroom teaching and benefit the pupils in
their self access learning.(SAL)
5
GraD
Grammar in Development
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ADJECTIVES
Definition:
An adjective is a describing word. It is used to tell something more about objects, people
or animals (Noun).
Examples :
1. Words used to describe people:
Tall, short, kind, fair, ugly, fat
2. Words used to describe objects:
Long, black, white, hard, square, soft
3. Words used to describe animals:
Wild, tame, fierce, small, fast, huge
Adjectives order
Adjectives
fact adjectives
head
size,
opinion
determiner noun
shape,
adjectives other Origin material purpose*
age,
colour
Two Ugly Black guard dogs
Your fabulous New sports car
pink and
A lovely Thai silk dress
green
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Exercise 1 Underline the adjectives in each of the sentences below
1- Miss Nina is a kind teacher. All of her pupils love her.
2- Amin drinks a lot of water because he is thirsty.
3- Laili took a photograph of a tall building.
4- The white duck swam in the pond.
5- The clown wore stripped pants and big shoes.
Exercise 2 Circle the correct answer
1. Mrs. Yong is a ____________ woman. She owns five houses.
A sad C poor
B rich D busy
2. Ahmad is wearing a _______________ shirt.
A new C helpful
B clumsy D friendly
3. The _____________ girl made her mother very angry.
A old C rude
B sad D happy
4. Our school will build a _______________ canteen next year.
A tall C fierce
B new D happy
5. Suzy had a very ________________ fever.
A sad C high
B tall D heavy
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6. Fahim is very ______________. He always donates money to the orphanages.
A tall C short
B huge D generous
7. It is going to rain because the sky is ________________.
A dark C warm
B clear D bright
8. The school field is __________________ because there is no rain.
A dry C wild
B neat D small
9. You are such a ________________ boy, Puan Alia said to Bala.
A best C better
B good D cleverer
10. Faris listens to his parents. He is polite and ________________.
A rude C obedient
B naughty D talkative
11. The durian is a fruit with ____________ thorns and __________ skin.
A soft , long C short , smooth
B sharp , hard D broken , rough
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12. The weather today is _______________ than yesterday but
last week was the ___________.
A hot, hotter C hotter, hotter
B hot, hottest D hotter, hottest
13. The movie was so _____________ that Mariam fell asleep
A dull C exciting
B good D frightening
14. Mei Lings handwriting is _______________ and tidy.
A soft C loud
B neat D sharp
15. We had a ________________ time looking for a perfect spot for picnic.
A soft C hard
B loud D poor
16. My grandfather is old but he is still ______________
A rich C healthy
B loud D generous
17. Chinese New Year is always a ________________ occasion for Lim and his
family.
A wild C noisy
B hard D joyful
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18. Puan Salmah was __________________ when her daughter went out without her
permission.
A calm C happy
B angry D honest
19. The curry was tasteless because my sister put too ________________ salt.
A little C much
B more D many
20. There isnt ________________ time left, we m ust hurry or we will be late.
A little C much
B a few D many
21. Janet stayed _________ and _________ even though she has a lot of problems.
A calm, cool C calm, angry
B alert, cool D bored, busy
22. If you want to be a ___________ person, you must study _________ from now,
says Mister Razak.
A successful, crazy C successful, hard
B clean, hard D cooperative, delightful
23. Ramachandran can run __________ because he is so __________.
A fast, cute C easy, difficult
B cruel, energetic D fast, energetic
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24. The ____________ guy who just walked by is so ____________.
i handsome
ii knowledgeable
iii beautiful
iv tame
A i and ii C i and iv
B ii and iii D ii and iii
25. Based on her __________ experience, she has worked hard and become a
__________ person.
i frightened
ii painful
iii wealthy
iv happy
A i and ii C i and iii
B ii and iii D ii and iv
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Exercise 3 Fill in the blanks with suitable answers.
handsome poor rough easy expensive
beautiful clear friendly fat huge
1. The _________________ woman lives in a small house.
2. The __________________ girl could not run fast.
3. The parrot is a _________________ bird.
4. Puan Zakiah wore an _______________ necklace.
5. The __________________ boy spoke to everyone at the party.
6. You can see many stars on a ________________ night.
7. One must drive carefully on a __________________ road.
8. This sum is _________________.
9. Anis brother is __________________.
10. An elephant is a _________________ animal.
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Exercise 4 Construct sentences by adding adjectives.
Examples : car - road
Type of Sentences Examples
Simple The old car is on the road.
Compound The old and small car is on the road.
Complex The old blue and small car which was parked by the road
belongs to Mr. Shabby.
1. I eat fried rice
2. Faris searching keys
3. They sat porch
4. Doctor cleans wounds
5. Syiffa parking bicycle
6. Fahim washed car
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7. plumber repairs pipe
8. Mary wrote letter
9. we will - go movie
10. the deer jumped water
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ADVERBS
An adverb :
Defination Examples
Adds something to the meaning - My mother spoke angrily.
of a verb - The soldiers fought bravely.
Tells us how an action is done - He sings sweetly.
- The dog barked loudly.
Tells us when and action is - Do it now.
done - Bring your books tomorrow.
Tells us where an action is - The bus stops here.
done - The child looked up.
Tells us how often an action is - I never go to the cinema.
done - He always goes to school late.
Exercise 1 Underline the adverbs in each of the sentences below.
1. The old lady is talking slowly.
2. I wanted to go in.
3. She looked everywhere for her glass.
4. Razif often buys the newspaper.
5. They will go to the museum tomorrow and promise to walk carefully.
Exercise 2 Circle the correct answer.
1. Alia trains very hard. That is why she can run ____________ fast.
A too C more
B very D much
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2. The express bus was moving _______________ when I arrived at the bus station.
A slow C quick
B away D faster
3. The children _______________ go to the playground.
A good C seldom
B much D everywhere
4. The dog barked _______________ and woke everyone up in the house.
A softly C quietly
B loudly D soundly
5. When the game started, the pupils cheered ______________.
A sadly C hurriedly
B quickly D excitedly
6. The old woman walked _______________ because she was tired.
A fast C briskly
B slowly D hurriedly
7. Amira tripped over a stone because she ran _______________ fast.
A too C much
B only D always
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8. The girls sang ___________ and won the competition.
A quietly C sweetly
B prettily D gracefully
9. Razwan is a hardworking boy. He _______________ forgets to do his homework.
A often C always
B never D usually
10. Ah Boon is determined to pass his UPSR. Thats why he is studying
_______________ .
A hard C rarely
B never D seldom
11. They ____________ accept her as their housekeeper.
A gladly C peacefully
B bravely D excellently
12. Yasmin understood the message because Chan spoke _______________.
A softly C quickly
B clearly D hurriedly
13. The boy _____________ took some money from his mother and ran out
__________ to buy an ice cream.
A sadly, carefully C happily, quickly
B politely, lightly D quickly, tiredly
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14. Kevin did his English test ___________ and he promised to do it better next time.
A badly C angrily
B quickly D carefully
15. Please speak ________________ because the baby is sleeping in the next room.
A softly C politely
B slowly D pleasantly
16. After a long distance, the man walked ______________ using a walking stick.
A weakly C clumsily
B quickly D hurriedly
17. Please put the boxes of crockery ________________ on the floor.
A gently C lightly
B kindly D heavily
18. The skilful workers did their work__________________ .
A clearly C hungrily
B politely D efficiently
19. Jonah is an early riser. He ________________ wakes up at 5 a.m.
A never C always
B rarely D frequently
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20. Sarah was praised by her teacher because she did her Mathematics homework
________________.
A clearly C smoothly
B carefully D carelessly
21. His face looks __________ because he always makes other people to live
__________.
A cheerfully, happily C calmly, busily
B cheerfully, badly D casually, happily
22. Come here __________. We need to go there __________ by bus.
A quickly, brightly C quickly, urgently
B badly, urgently D anxiously, gracefully
23. You should not go __________ because a lot of people might feel __________.
A away, gracefully C easily, worriedly
B away, worriedly D there, carefully
24. They plan to go there __________ after the breakfast. They __________ visit my
family because we are close.
i never
ii tomorrow
iii seldom
iv often
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25. The pupils played football at the school field __________. They __________ win
in any competition.
i yesterday
ii always
iii never
iv sometimes
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Exercise 3 Fill in the blanks with suitable answers. (adverbs)
soundly hungrily quickly sweetly seldom
gently soon bravely never regularly
1. The soldier fought _____________________ in the war.
2. The children are sleeping _____________________ in the bedroom.
3. Sharif ran home _____________________ because he missed the bus.
4. The pupils ate _____________________ because they were dismissed late from
class.
5. Sally and Juliza will be ready to leave _____________________.
6. Encik Zamri _____________________ smokes. He says that smoking is bad for
health.
7. The nurse _____________________ dressed the patients wound.
8. My grandfather was much better after taking the medicine__________________.
9. Ning Baizura sings_____________________ doesn t she?
10. The boy is very stubborn. He _____________________ listens to his mother.
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Exercise 4 Construct sentences.
Examples :
Simple Siti is reading loudly.
Compound Siti and Salmah are reading loudly.
Complex Siti and Salmah who are sitting on the chairs are reading loudly.
1. she sweetly
2. mother shouted angrily
3. dances gracefully
4. Zarina Fatimah crept quietly
5. cat dog fight soon
6. Chong Wei always badminton tennis
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7. girl who gracefully Sarah
8. pencil which here gone
9. cow which horns grazing field now
10. need umbrella because soon
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ANTONYMS
DEFENITION - A word which is opposite in meaning to another
EXAMPLES :
No. Antonyms
1 Absent Present
2 Easy Difficult
3 Give Take
4 Waiter Waitress
5 Masculine Feminine
6 East West
7 Here There
8 Softly Loudly
9 Polite Rude
10 Rough Smooth
Exercise 1 Underline the antonyms for the bold words in each of the sentences
below.
1. The young boy and the old man are walking along the path.
2. You must come to the school early and must not be late.
3. We must always be happy in our life and never feel sad.
4. How can I dry my shoes as they are still wet?
5. To win or to lose is not the matter.
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Exercise 2 Choose the word that has the opposite meaning as the underlined
word.
1. Her fever is getting better.
A bad C good
B well D worse
2. The twins have different taste in colour but the _______ taste in music.
A right C wrong
B same D unlike
3. The food and drinks at the new restaurant are very cheap.
A expensive C affordable
B reasonable D low-priced
4. Tonys house is near Lindas house but ______________ from the school.
A far C close
B next D opposite
5. His grandfather has an ancient vase in his house.
A old C modern
B antique D old-fashion
6. My sister, Ayuni likes to eat chocolate that taste bitter.
A sour C spicy
B salty D sweet
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7. Faezahs curly hair becomes ___________ when it is wet.
A fair C spiky
B wavy D straight
8. Rina is weak because she does not exercise. Her sister is _________ because
she exercises every day.
A pretty C feeble
B strong D healthy
9. After being taken care by the nurse, the sickly patient became _____________.
A noisy C healthy
B lively D energetic
10. The weather on the hill used to be cool but now it is ______________
A hot C cold
B dry D warm
11. Ruhil is a polite girl but her brother is ___________
A old C neat
B rude D lazy
12. Jamilah found the purse that she had _______________ last week.
A lost C given
B taken D thrown
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13. In those day, the road in the villages were narrow but now they
are_____________
A big C wide
B long D deep
14. Please sit here, you are not allowed to go _______________.
A far C away
B out D there
15. The smell of cooked meat is strong.
A cut C dried
B raw D seasoned
16. We had a free weekend at home.
A dull C short
B busy D interesting
17. The wild horses galloped noisily across the plain.
A old C angry
B tame D hungry
18. Some people think that the chameleon is a hideous lizard.
A big C ancient
B greedy D beautiful
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19. Some modern chemicals are hazardous.
A safe C helpful
B easy D difficult
20. Some people think it is foolish to try to remember so many facts.
A wise C difficult
B easy D intelligent
21. I beg him to __________ my offer but he __________ to take it.
A accept, never C alive, refuse
B calm, troubled D accept, refuses
21. The crowd of __________ promise to treat their __________ at any time with
dedicatedly.
A teachers, employee C doctors, patients
B doctors, pupils D employer, employee
23. Please do not __________ me because I will always __________ you, says the
lady to her grandson.
A forget / remember C treat / remember
B forget / think D bring / left
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24. You need to have a good __________ life at all times, if not you might be
_______.
i little
ii healthy
iii ill
iv lazy
25. Attention to the entire __________ officers, please guide your __________
officers to be the best officers.
i senior
ii junior
iii tenant
iv leader
A i and ii
B ii and iii
C i and iv
D ii and iv
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Exercise 3 Fill in the blanks with the correct words.
small blunt found narrow cruel
heavy shallow selfish close never
1. Baharom lost his bag. His friend, Shuhada ___________ it behind the cupboard.
2. The newspaper is light but the thick book is _______________.
3. The _____________ box is on the shelf but the big box is on the floor.
4. Please open the windows but ___________ the doors.
5. Be careful with this knife because it is sharp. You can hold the scissors, it is
__________.
6. The kind lady is loved by the children but they hate the ___________ stepmother.
7. It is dangerous to swim in the deep water so you can swim in the
___________water.
8. This path is _______ but the road is broad.
9. Govinda always practises skate boarding but he ___________ tries wall
climbing.
10. Cikgu Murni is a generous lady. She always donates to the poor but Haji Bakhil is
_________, he does not like to give money to others.
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Mention for second time
This is a book. The book is thick.
Only one
The sun
The earth
The KLCC
32
Exercise 1 Underline the articles in each of the sentences below.
1. The boy saw an ostrich crossing the road.
2. Ainul is the tallest girl in the class.
3. The sun shines brightly today.
4. Razin Rifqi went to the Pekan Museum last Sunday.
5. Syazana has a cute bag.
Exercise 2 Circle the correct answers.
1. My sister is going out in __________hours time.

A a C -
B an D the
2. He had milk, bread and__________egg for breakfast.

A a C an
B - D the
3. Let us walk outside and watch__________stars.

A a C an
B D the
4. There was _________cobra on that tree just now.

A a C an
B D the
5. _______bus left two hours ago.

A A C
B An D The
6. My uncle is ___________lawyer in town.

A a C an
B - D the
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7. I have ________friend who lives in Singapore.
A a C an
B - D the
8. My mother gave me _______slice of pineapple.

A - C an
B a D the
9. The guard caught_________thief last night.

A - C an
B a D the
10. There was no electricity in ________apartment last weekend.

A a C -
B an D the
11. Ramlah bought ____________ most expensive dress in the shop.

A - C an
B a D the
12. Badrul lives in _______________ bungalow at ________ top of the hill.
A a, a C a, the
B an, a D an, the
13. The ladies are busy hanging _____________ curtains for _________ wedding.
A a, a C a, the
B an, a D the, the
14. They live in _______________beautiful house on ________ island.

A a, a C an, an
B a, an D the, an
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15. ________________ woman in the news is __________engineer.
A A, a C The, a
B A, the D The, an
16. Samad has ______________ brother who is studying in _______ university in

Japan.
A a, a C the, an
B the, a D the, the
17. During his vacation, Lee Meng saw ________________ large whale in
__________ coast of New Zealand.
A -, a C the, -
B -, - D a, the
18. Zaleha has __________________ uncle and __________ aunt who are living in
Seremban.
A a, a C an, a
B a, an D an, an
19. Kassim drives ________________ ice-cream truck for __________ living.

A a, a C an, an
B an, a D the, the
20. Murad has always wish to fly in ________________ hot air balloon to
__________ Europe.
A a, a C -, the
B a, - D an, an
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21. There is ______ kite on ______ tree.
A a, a C a, the
B a, - D the, the
22. Idris has _________ exciting story book. _______ story book consists of 150
pages.
A an, An C an, The
B an, A D a, The
23. I am using _________ laptop which you lent me yesterday. Tomorrow, I will buy
_____ new one.
A -, a C the, the
B a, a D the, a
24. Mr. Foo is teaching _____ English and how to answer ______ simple present
tense questions correctly.
i -
ii a
iii an
iv the
A i and ii C iii and iv
B ii and iii D i and iv
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25. My mother bought me _____ S-size T-shirt which I think ____ T-shirt is suitable
for my younger brother.
i. -
ii. a
iii. an
iv. the
A i and ii C ii and iv
B ii and iii D iii and iv
Exercise 3 Fill in the blanks with correct articles.
1. __________ orang utan which escaped from the zoo was recaptured.
2. The giraffe has __________ very long neck.
3. I waited for __________ hour before the bus arrived.
4. The farmer picked up __________ handful of soil.
5. __________ moon shines brightly in the sky.
6. I bought __________ apple and five oranges.
7. There was __________ heavy storm this afternoon.
8. There is not much sugar left in __________ bowl.
9. He caught __________ butterfly with a net.
10. ____ sun sets in __________ west.
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Exercise 4 Sentence constructions
Example : Ali - new watch
Simple Ali wears a new watch.
Compound Ali has a new watch and a wallet.
Complex Ali who is my classmate has a new watch and also an expensive
wallet.
1. Suzy big box cupboard
2. my father policeman mother artist
______________________________________________________________
3. mechanic repaired broke down car
4. grandmother teacher small town
5. poor family lives old wooden house
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6. many children classes reading books
7. cats mice kitchen
8. Zarina necklace ring
9. victims community hall six days
10. chairs desks classroom
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CONJUNCTIONS
DEFINITION : A conjunction is a linking word. We use conjunctions to join words,
phrases and sentences together.
EXAMPLES :
although /
And but though / so unless except therefore
even though
because /
If either..........or neither.........nor however so that or
as
Exercise 1 Underline the conjunctions in each of the sentences below.
1. Faizatul Elisya is cute and clever.
2. Which is the correct one? This or that one?
3. Adib Muqri still wants to join the match although he is tired.
4. You can either use this pen or that pen.
5. He invited all his friends to his house except Johari and Aiman.
1. It is a hot day___________ I need an umbrella.

A so C if
B or D and
2. I cant come _____________ I am not well.

A and C because
B but D if
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3. She has red _______________ blue ribbons in her hair.
A but C because
B and D if
4. Animals ______________ plants are living things.

A or C but
B if
5. Is your cat black ______________ white?

A if C or
B so D and
6. Choose one of the two. You can _______________ take this one
______________ that one.
A either, or C either, nor
B neither, nor D neither, or
7. It is very warm in here. _______________ I do not need to wear my coat.

A But C Therefore
B And D Although
8. _______________ the boys were tired, they continued to climb up the mountain.
A So C Although
B But D Therefore
9. ___________ Jenny __________ Yoke Chen wants to mop the floor. They both
dislike housework.
A Either, nor C Either, or
B Neither, nor D Neither, or
10. My grandfather eats a lot _________ he is still thin.

A or C but
B if D and
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11. He continued sleeping ____________ he heard the door bell ringing.
A but C because
B and D although
12. _______________Farah was tired , she still helped her mother.

A Besides C Therefore
B Although D Furthermore
13. It had been raining heavily _____________ the village was flooded.
A so C because
B but D although
14. You must finish your work ______________ you cannot watch television.
A of C but
B or D because
15. I would like to buy that watch________________ it is expensive.

A if C because
B so D although
16. The children continued to play ______________ it was raining heavily.

A whether C although
B because D therefore
17. Deraman is kind , ________________ everyone asks him for help.

A if C because
B so D although
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18. Sarah waited for her friends __________________ they did not turn up.
A so C because
B if D however
19. The strawberries are fresh ________________ juicy.

A but C however
B and D although
20. I walk to school ________________ I live nearby.

A or C but
B as D therefore
21. _____ he won the case, he has to pay RM 5000 for lawyer fees. _____ he didnt
have enough savings.
A Because, But C Although, Because
B As, Although D Although, But
22. Elly loves baking cakes _____ she plans to open her own bakery ______ she did
not have enough money.
A and, although C and, but
B but, so D because, and
23. The baby is crying loudly _______ the mother is sick ______ she does not feed
her.
A because, but C as, so
B because, or D as, but
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24. Syakila likes to advice pupils ______ she is a prefect. She always reminds them
_____ they ignore her.
i so
ii as
iii but
iv and
B ii and iii D iii and iv
25. Rifqi is having a nap ______ dont disturb him ______ he was working hard all
day long.
i and
ii but
iii so
iv as
B i and iii D iii and iv
Excercise 3 - Fill in the blanks with correct conjunctions.
1. The boys enjoyed the match ________________ the girls did not.
2. We were thirsty ____________ we bought some drinks.
3. ____________ Najim ____________ Hwa Tai was in the room now.
4. Plants are important ____________ they give us oxygen.
5. We could continue with our expedition _____________ most of us were

exhausted.
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6. Those wild animals are dangerous ___________ nobody is allowed to feed them.
7. Tony had nasi lemak ____________ a glass of syrup for lunch.
8. You can have _________ coffee __________ tea. You cannot have both.
9. _____________ Im rich, I can sponsor you some money.
10. Shida, which one do you like, cakes ____________ biscuits?
11. Everybody brought their textbook __________ Shila. She left hers at home.
12. He will probably fail his Science test next week __________ he starts studying
right now.
13. Anisahs mother prepared a lot of sandwiches for her ________ she wont be
hungry during the journey.
14. The players tried their best. __________ they still lost the game.
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1. Syakirah Syakila canteen (and)
_________________________________________________________________
2. Ghani thin brother fat (but)
_________________________________________________________________
3. rains children football (although)
_________________________________________________________________
4. study hard good marks (so)
_________________________________________________________________
5. win competition get RM100 (if)
_________________________________________________________________
6. Azlan absent sick (because)
_________________________________________________________________
7. Rama boating camping (either or)
_________________________________________________________________
8. Suzana sister won game (neither nor)
_________________________________________________________________
9. pupils late scolded teachers (therefore)
_________________________________________________________________
10. she take taxi bus town (or)
_________________________________________________________________
46
NOUNS
Nouns are words which name persons, animals, places, objects and ideas.
A person Zain is a teacher.
They walk to school yesterday.
An animal The lion came after them.
The giraffe is a tall animal.
A place Malaysia is a beautiful country.
Ill meet you at the canteen afterwards.
An object I found a pen under my table.
Please pass me the book.
An idea He gave us a good advice.
My patience was tested during the heavy traffic jam.
Nouns
Common Proper Possessive Collective Abstract Compound

words
Singular Upper s, s and People,
animals,
and and of the things and
plants.
plural lower
cases
Countable
and
uncountable
Gender
47
SINGULAR AND PLURAL NOUNS
i Nouns that stand for one person, thing, animal or place are called singular nouns.
ii Nouns that stand for more than one person, thing, animal or place are called
plural nouns.
Examples :
Singular Plural
eraser erasers
bus buses
mango mangoes
fly flies
iii Plural nouns are formed by :
Singular Plural
Add s book Books
tree trees
dog dogs
van vans
Add es to nouns ending brush brushes
in s , ss , sh , ch , fox foxes
x glass glasses
bush bushes
watch watches
Add es to some nouns hero heroes
ending in o mango mangoes
volcano volcanoes
Add s to nouns ending radio Radios
in o photo photos
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Add ies to nouns ending fly Flies
in y lady ladies
lorry lorries
Add s to some nouns key keys
ending in y boy boys
day days
Add s to some nouns roof Roofs
ending in f or fe chief chiefs
Add e or en alga Algae
child children
larva larvae
ox oxen
Change f or fe into leaf Leaves
ves wife wives
knife knives
Changing the inside vowels man Men
foot feet
tooth teeth
goose geese
Some nouns use the same sheep Sheep
word for both singular and furniture furniture
plural information information
traffic traffic
49
Some nouns can only be used in the plural form
shorts , clothes , scissors , Mathematics , spectacles , news , wages
COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
i Nouns which can be counted are called countable nouns.
Examples :
Men, elephants, marbles and bridges can be counted
ii Nouns which cannot be counted are called uncountable nouns
Examples :
Rice, flour, milk and sand cannot be counted
iii Words which are used with countable nouns are :
( a, an, a few, many, several, a large number of, a small number of )
Examples :
a ball several kids
an aeroplane a large number of trees
a few people a small number of participants
many tables
iv Words which are used with uncountable nouns are :
( a little, much, a large amount of, a small amount of )
Examples :
a little dust a large amount of flour
much sugar a small amount of milk
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v Words which can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns are :
( some, any, plenty of, a lot of )
Examples :
Countable Nouns Uncountable Nouns
some apples some soil
any chairs any electricity
plenty of books plenty of oil
a lot of people a lot of smoke
GENDER OF NOUNS
i Gender is a distinction of sex.
ii It tells whether a person or an animal is a male or female.
iii Gender in grammar comes under four headings.
1. Masculine gender 2. Feminine gender
Denotes the male sex. Denotes the female sex.
Examples : boy, king, ram, Examples : girl, queen, ewe,

buck, billy goat doe, nanny goat
Gender
of
3. Common gender
nouns 4. Neuter gender
Denotes either sex. Denotes things without life

or sex.
Examples : doctor, teacher,
Examples : tree, chair, lamp
firefighter,
51
PROPER NOUNS
i Proper Nouns are specific names of people, places, things or animals.
ii They must be in capitalized.
Examples :
People Razak
Place - Kuala Kangsar
Thing - Proton Satria
Animal - Browny ( cat )
POSSESSIVE NOUNS
i A noun that shows possession is called a possessive noun.
The cover of the pan.
The noun pan is non living. The words of the are used with such nouns to
show possession.
ii Possessive nouns can be formed in the following ways :
a. Adding an apostrophe s ( s ) to singular and plural nouns which do not end
in s.
Examples :
boys childrens Jennys monkeys
The boys watch is expensive.
These are the childrens shoes.
This is Jennys ring.
It is the monkeys tail.
I shall meet her in an hours time.
Next weeks appointment has been cancelled.
52
b. Adding an apostrophe ( ) to plural nouns which end in s.
Examples :
tigers girls
Tigers teeth are very sharp.
The girls dresses are soiled.
c. Using of the with things that are non living.
Examples :
The tyres of the car are punctured.
A leg of the table is broken.
COLLECTIVE NOUNS
i They are nouns which refer to collections or groups of persons, things or animals.
Examples :
Animals : Objects :
a pride of lions a string of pearls
a pack of wolves a collection of pictures
a shoal of fish a group of islands
People : Plants :
a troupe of dancers a clump of trees
a field of runners a tuft of grass
a bevy of ladies a cluster of coconuts
53
ABSTRACT NOUNS
i Abstract nouns are names of things we cannot see or touch ( quantities, conditions,
actions and ideas. )
Examples :
Angry laughter Hunger bravery punishment
love kindness joy knowledge fear
* I got really angry with her.
* As we approached the hall we could hear laughter.
* They were awarded medals for their remarkable bravery.
* The owner claims the car was being used without his knowledge.
COMPOUND WORDS
i Two words of different meaning when combine together to form a new word with new
meaning.
Examples :
sun + flower = sunflower
neck + tie = necktie
class + room = classroom
teapot sunlight grandfather blackboard
Exercise 1 Underline the nouns from each of the sentences below.
1. Miss Auni teaches her friend how to draw a flower.
2. The ideas and opinions came when he was sitting lonely in the room.
3. Some frogs are toxious but others are not.
4. Sabirin eats a banana and a loaf of bread as his breakfast.
5. Fadela and Iszah will take part in the Pekan District Scouts Camping next week.
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1. Mother arranged the flowers in the _____________ and put it on the table.
A basin C vase
B sink D pail
2. The gardener is cutting the long grass along the fence with a ____________.
A pliers C rake
B spade D sickle
3. A ____________ is used to tighten up nuts and screws.
A spanner C spike
B stapler D string
4. I use a ____________ when I go out in the dark at night.
A lighthouse C radio
B torchlight D knapsack
5. The scouts put their food and clothes in their ______________ and carry them on
their backs.
A luggage C knapsacks
B tents D bags
6. Before he goes jogging, Fahim puts on a pair of _________________.
A spectacles C sneakers
B gloves D earrings
55
7. Please switch on the _____________. It is warm inside the room.
A fan C light
B radio D phone
8. Siti pounded the chillies with _____________ before frying them.
A stones C blender
B pestle and mortar D needles
9. The firemen joined the hose to the ___________ to get water to put out the fire.
A tap C kettle
B hydrant D sink
10. The ____________ is the hard part of the foot of certain animals like cows.
A heel C claw
B hoof D horn
11. The boy wears a watch on his _____________.
A palm C finger
B wrist D elbow
12. Mother needs some ____________to sew the button.
A wire C string
B rope D thread
13. There are fourteen days in a ____________.
A week C century
B decade D fortnight
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14. When father comes home from work, he parks his car in the ____________
A garage C station
B hangar D terminal
15. Please get me a ______________ to hit the nail into the wood.
A saw C spanner
B sickle D hammer
16. Puan Hamidah is my fathers mother. She is my _________________.
A aunt C cousin
B niece D grandmother
17. A pair of _____________ is a wooden footwear.
A clogs C shoes
B boots D slippers
18. Mother is cooking curry in a big pot, she will need a _____________ to stir it.
A ladle C sieve
B knife D spoon
19. The sparrow laid five eggs in its ___________.
A den C stable
B nest D kennel
20. The doctor treats his ____________ gently.
A client C patient
B tenant D passenger
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21. Suhaimi misplaced the living place between his horse and his sheep where he
put his horse into the _____ and his sheep into the _______.
A stable, hutch C pen, hutch
B stable, pen D pen, stable
22. Hakim studies at a boarding school in town. He left the _______ about an hour
ago with his roommates. Maybe they are at the ____ right now.
A library, hotel C staffroom, cinema
B classroom, hostel D canteen, orphanage
23. Nurul Husainah is a good _______ player. She cannot play _______ as she is
not tall enough.
A basketball, netball C handball, chess
B handball, basketball D netball, football
24. The headmaster hopes all ______ and _____ can speak English fluently either in
learning process or when they speak among themselves outside the classroom.
i pupils
ii waiters
iii teachers
iv guards
A i and iii C ii and iii
B i and iv D ii and iv
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25. The headmaster hopes all _________ and _________ can speak English fluently
either in learning process or when they speak among themselves outside the
classroom.
i pupils
ii waiters
iii teachers
iv guards
A i and iii
B i and iv
C ii and iii
D ii and iv
59
Exercise 3 - Look at the map carefully. Describe your camping trip to your friends.
Underline the correct nouns to complete your description.
Rewrite the story.
On the 25th of March, I went on a camping ( journey / trip / walks ) with my
( team / classmates / cat ). We left our ( house / schools / school ) at 8 a.m. and walk
through a ( parks / forest / jungle ).
At 10.15 a.m., we reached ( Pak Tams Orchard / Mek Longs Nursery / the
orchards ). We met ( Pak Tam / Pak Tams / Pak Tams ). We ate some ( fruit / fruits /
foods ) and rested.
Then, we continued our journey. We reached a ( waterfalls / cave / waterfall ) at
11.30 a.m. We swam for about an hour. We camped there and cooked ( sardines /
woods / fruits ) for lunch.
After lunch, we rested and played some ( game / games / firewood ). The next
day, we packed our ( house / thing / things ) and started our journey back at 9 a.m. We
walked through a ( oil palm estates / paddy fields / rubber estate ) and reached our
( home / school / schools ) about 11.40 a.m.

60
A Camping Trip
61
Exercise 4 Write the plural of the words in the brackets in the blanks provided.
1. They saw a herd of wild __________ (ox) at the safari.
2. The hunters killed a few __________ (deer) and __________ (porcupine) during
the hunt.
3. Several __________ (man) and __________ (woman) were hurt in the incident.
4. A pack of __________ (wolf) attacked a flock of ___________ (sheep) in the
farm.
5. The wealthy businessman has five __________ (factory) and hundreds of
__________ (lorry) all around Malaysia.
6. Mother peels some __________ (potato) and cuts a few __________ (tomato) for
her soup.
7. A troop of __________ (policeman) surrounded and arrested a gang of
_________ (thief).
8. Razak donated all his ________ (toy) to the _________ (child) of the orphanage.
9. Aliza never forgets to brush her __________ (tooth) before going to bed.
10. There are too many ___________ (mouse) in the house and they are eating all
the __________ (grain) in the larder.
62
Exercise 5 Fill in the blanks with the words in the box.
hunger Illness freedom kindness
kingdom sickness advice marriage
In the castle, there lived a king and a queen. They were happy to have a beautiful
princess. Their happiness did not last long. The princess felt sick. Her ____________
could not be cured. His Prime Minister advised him to bring the princess to a jungle. The
king followed his ____________.
In the jungle they met with a hungry wolf. It was weak with ____________.
The princess gave the wolf some food and kiss it on its head. The wolf was actually a
prince. Immediately he was free from his spell. He gained his ____________ and repaid
the princess ____________ by curing her because of her ____________. They then got
married and lived happily ever after. The bad witch was very angry with their
____________ and ran away to another ____________.
63
PREPOSITIONS
Definition: They are usually used before nouns or pronouns. They show position,
direction and time.
Place Direction location
above down across about
after far along after
against in around ahead (of)
along in front of below around
among inside by at
at near down before
at the back of next to for behind
before on from between
behind opposite into by
below outside off during
beneath over onto for
beside past out of from
between under over in
beyond underneath past on
by up through over
to past
towards since
up to
until
up to
when
64
Example :
1. I went to her house on Friday.

2. My brother has come home from school.
3. Your uncle walks to the post office.
4. Kamal and Taufiq share their money among themselves.
5. The monkeys are climbing up the tree.
Exercise 1 Underline the prepositions in each of the following sentences.
1. Yesterday, he saw a large number of spectators at the football match.
2. The headmaster arrived two hours before his teachers.
3. The children raced across the football field.
4. The quick brown fox jumps over the fence.
5. The small wooden hut is among the big trees.
1. The horse is eating __________ its stable.
A in C under
B on D along
2. The boys decided to go fishing _________ the river.
A on C beside
B by D around
3. The group of athletes marched _____________ the stadium.
A into C over
B onto D away
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4. Lilys house is ______________ Jamals house.
A along C around
B among D in front of
5. Marianti could not find the umbrella because it was _____________ the door.
A under C behind
B across D between
6. The dog jumps ____________ the fence.

A on C over
B into D behind
7. Daniel received a present ____________ his parents.

A at C with
B by D from
8. The teachers are meeting ____________ the staff room.

A at C above
B in D against
9. Alias is travelling _________ plane from Kuala Lumpur to Johor Bharu.

A on C by
B in D with
10. Wan Azli goes jogging __________ the morning.

A in C on
B at D during
66
11. The train is going _____________ the tunnel.
A to C through
B in
D between
12. He stood ____________ the post box and waited for the postman.
A in C under
B by D across
13. I have to keep some of my things ____________ my bed.

A over C above
B into D under
14. Do not leave the light ____________ when you leave the room.
A in C on
B at D off
15. My brother returned ______________ Kaherah after a year.

A up C back
B from D towards
16. The butterfly fluttered _________________ a flower ____________ a flower.

A at, on C to, from
B from, to D over, across
17. The motorcyclist took shelter _____________ a bridge to wait for the rain to stop.
A in C under
B on D across
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18. The bat is hanging upside down _____________ the branch of the tree.
A to C from
B at D under
19. I could not see the experiment because the taller pupils were
standing___________ me.
A next to C at the back
B between D in front of
20. He could surf many websites ____________ the world.
A of C off
B in D around
21. The handbag is made ________ the skin _______a crocodile.
A by, from C of, in
B from, of D after, by
22. My father promised me _____buy a new bicycle _______my examination.
A in, after C to, after
B on, along D before, on
23. You may catch a fever if you go_______to play ________rainy session.
A out, since C before, until
B in, by D out, during
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24. Ali and his classmates went ______the exhibition _______tuition class.
i near
ii to
iii with
iv after
B i and iii D iii and iv
25. Siti is searching ______ her bag. Please look _______ the door.
i for
ii below
iii at
iv behind
A i and iv C iii and iv
B ii and iii D i and iv
69
on since for over under
in with through along during
1. Fazleen bought the pen ___________ RM 2.50.
2. There is a bird flying ____________ the shady tree.
3. We saw a light ____________ a distance.
4. I went to the carnival ____________ my cousins.
5. The train travels ______________ the tunnel.
6. Stick the stamp _____________ the envelop.
7. If you walk ____________ this road, you will reach the market.
8. The labourer has been working ____________ 8 oclock in the morning.
9. The little boy is playing hide and seek. He is lying __________ the bed.
10. The fisherman did not go to the sea __________ the monsoon.
70
Examples :
Simple Siti was sitting on the chair.
Compound Siti was sitting on a chair near the wall.
Complex Siti was sitting on a wooden chair near the brick wall.
1. Syafiq and I sit bench (on)
2. Roslina stopped florist buy flowers (by)
3. theif climbed window ( through)
4. keep books cupboard (in)
5. Hazlin put - ladder wall (against)
6. Mustaqeem jumped drain (across)
7. My grandfather walks park evening (around)
71
8. Lily wore blue dress went wedding (to)
9. bus arrived terminal 6 oclock (at)
10. boy fell tree broke arm (from)
72
PRONOUNS
Table of Pronouns
Personal Personal Possessive Possessive Reflexive Demonstrative
Pronouns Pronouns Adjectives Pronouns Pronouns Pronouns
(Subject) (Object)
I Me My Mine Myself This (singular)
You You Your Yours Yourself These (plural)
Yourselves
He Him His His Himself That (singular)
She Her Her Hers Herself Those (plural)
It It Its - Itself
We Us Our Ours Ourselves
They Them Their Theirs Themselves
Definition:
Personal Pronouns
- A Personal Pronoun is used to replace the names of people, animals, plants or
objects.
- They are used as subjects or objects.
- Personal Pronouns (Subject) are normally located at the beginning of the
sentences while Personal Pronouns (Object) are normally located after verbs and
prepositions.
Examples : We (subject) invited him (object) to the party.
They (subject) asked them (object) to practise hard.
73
Possessive Pronouns
- Possessive Pronouns show belonging. They replace possessive noun phrases.
They are normally located at the beginning or at the end of the sentences.
Examples: This book belongs to me. It is mine.
Those shoes are theirs.
Hers is dirtier than mine.
Possessive Adjectives.
- Possessive Adjectives are used to show possession. They must be followed by
nouns.
Examples: That is her doll.
This is his pen.
Reflexive Pronouns
- Reflexive Pronouns are used to show that action is done by the doer (subject) on
himself / herself.
Examples: I fell down and hurt myself.
We did the work by ourselves.
Demonstrative Pronouns
- Demonstrative Pronouns are used to point out things.
Examples: This is a beaver.
Those are my spectacles.
74
Exercise 1 - Underline the pronouns in the following sentences
1. Lee Chong Wai is a boy. He is in the class.
2. We know them very well.
3. They stayed with us last month.
4. They have a cat. It is called Comot.
5. Do you like the roses? They are from my garden.
1. My brother and I share a bicycle. It is ________.

A his C ours
B hers D theirs
2. The book was _______. He promised to lend it to me.

A her C our
B his D their
3. Look at the toy horse. It belongs to Sandy. It is ______.

A his C mine
B hers D your
4. That bag is ______. I bought it in Hong Kong.
A hers C yours
B mine D theirs
75
5. My sister did not take the dress. It was not ________.
A his C ours
B hers D mine
6. These are their shoes. They are _______.

A his C mine
B hers D theirs
7. I made __________________ a kite.

A herself C himself
B myself D yourself
8. The skirt ____________ looked nice but it was too loose for her.
A it C its
B its D itself
9. My parents are going to Lembah Bujang next week. ________ are visiting my
aunt there.
A We C They
B You D Them
10. Athirah reminded Faris to bring the dictionary but _______ still forgot to do so.
A he C her
B she D they
76
11. Jane : Could _____________ have the bottle of perfume?
Tim : Please help __________.
A I, himself C you, herself
D she , myself
B I, yourself
12. Salmah bought a book, a pen and a pencil case because ____________ were
cheap.
A it C she
B we D they
13. I broke my aunts vase. ____________ is still angry with __________ .

A She, I C She, me
B He, my D She, mine
14. The teacher told ____________ to sit down.

A they C their
B them D theirs
15. Salleh hurt ______________ when he fell from the bed.

A itself C himself
B myself D yourself
16. Jamal and Farah are helping Suzy to find the purse which belongs
to_________________.
A she C hers
B her D herself
77
17. My father bought _____________ a new watch.
A herself C himself
B myself D yourself
18. Miss Lee: Class, you must do the homework _____________.

A myself C ourselves
B yourself D yourselves
19. The girls baked the muffins ___________ for the class party.
A myself C himself
B herself D themselves
20. Mazlin borrowed ____________ pencil because she had lost __________.
A his , its C my , hers
B her , his D my , mine
21. Siti is a pretty girl. ____ is twelve years old. _____ like her.
A Her , Us C She, We
B He , They D She, Them
22. The teacher is good. ____ teaches _____ pupils well.
A Her , she C They, his
B He, him D She , her
23. Zainal is _____ friend. I like _____.
A she , his C their, him
B my, him D our, them
78
24. Puan Fatimah is ___ neighbour. She has a beautiful handbag. The handbag is
_____.
i it
ii my
iii their
iv hers
B ii and iv D i and iii
25. Mr. Maniam is a gardener. _____cuts the grass every weekend. ____garden is
beautiful.
i He
ii She
iii His
iv Hers
A i and iii
B i and ii
C ii and iii
D iii and iv
79
Exercise 3 Fill in the blanks with words given.
I You He She It They We
1. Mrs. Leong is going to the market. _______ wants to buy some vegetables.
2. The children are not at home. _______ went to the playground.
3. Jamil and I are classmates. _______ walk to school together.
4. " ________ am going camping next week," Mina tells her friend, Azrina.
5. The dog is in the kennel. _______ is sleeping. Slee
6. " I dropped by your house yesterday. _______ were not in," said Leela.
7. Kamal stopped at the food stall. _________ ordered a glass of drink.
80
Exercise 4 Rewrite the sentences with the correct pronouns.
1. Uncle Lim is a lawyer.
2. My mother cooks curry in the kitchen.
3. My family and I are going for a picnic next week.
4. Tan and Peter play congkak under the big shady tree.
5. The cat sleeps in the basket in front of the cupboard.
6. The girls dance gracefully on the stage.
7. The children are playing football at the playground.
8. An old man is crossing the road with his grandson.
9. My aunt is sleeping in the room near the window.
10. My friend and I are swimming in the river behind our house.
81
SYNONYMS
Definition: A synonym is a word which has the same meaning as another.
Examples :
Catch capture
Animal beast
Big large
Correct right
Close shut
Conversation talk
Bright shining
Blank empty
Old ancient
Thief burglar
Exercise 1 - Underline the synmoyns for the bold words.
1. During interval we have to eat quickly because after recess there will be an assembly
in the school hall.
2. The battle has stopped. The soldiers fought bravely in the war.
3. The game has not began. The game had started at 4.30 p.m just now.
4. Would you like to participate in the competition? Alyah is going to take part in the
competition.
5. Aminah has finished her work but Hasnah could not complete her work on time
because she talks too much.
82
Exercise 2 Choose the word that has the same meaning as the word in bold.
1. The country was ruled by a powerful king.
A weak C strong
B cruel D stubborn
2. The soldiers fought bravely in the war.
A event C match
B battle D tournament
3. There is a boat under the bridge.
A below C beneath
B beside D between
4. The old beggar is very weak.
A poor C feeble
B tired D strong
5. The boy is always lazy.
A idle C impolite
B super D hardworking
6. It is a rather dull day.
A hot C cloudy
B rainy D gloomy
7. We must study hard for the examination.
A learn C remember
B discussion D memorized
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8. The scouts camped at the foot of the hill.
A top C below
B side D bottom
9. My brother is lean and tall.
A thin C plump
B high D muscular
10. Faris seldom comes here.
A never C always
B rarely D usually
11. As it was about the rain, Jenny quickly shut all the windows.
A wiped C opened
B closed D wrapped
12. Enid Blyton is a well-known author.
A helpful C unknown
B famous D hardworking
13. He donated a large sum of money to the orphanage because he is rich.
A stingy C wealthy
B popular D thoughtful
14. He is a very intelligent pupil because he passed his test with flying colours.
A good C diligent
B clever D hardworking
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15. This is a library. Please be silent.
A still C noisy
B quiet D patient
16. Hari Raya is always a joyful occasion for us.
A big C happy
B noisy D traditional
17. Ainina study diligently every night.
A fast C regularly
B hard D carefully
18. Syaza is not feeling well. What she requires is plenty of rest.
A feels C needs
B likes D wishes
19. My parents and I usually take a brisk walk round the park.
A short C quick
B tiring D relaxed
20. The choir of singers rehearsed hard for the show.
A played C practised
B pushed D breathed
21. As a __________ prefect, you are the __________ example for other pupils.
A good / best C good / handsome
B better / best D clever / intelligent
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22. I am waiting for your __________. Please __________ to me as soon as
possible, said Mister Ranjit angrily.
A answer / question C call / reply
B answer / reply D speech / talk
23. Before we __________ the journey, please __________ your engine.
A begin / pull C begin / start
B on / start D big / large
24. In order to be a __________ pupil, I must be __________ to manage my life.
i loving
ii clever
iii kind
iv intelligent
A i and iii C i and iv
25. To be a dedicated __________, the person must be very knowledgeable and wise
just like a __________.
i judge
ii teacher
iii referee
iv pupil
A i and iii C ii and iii
B i and iv D ii and iv
86
Exercise 3 Replace the word in the bracket with the same meaning.
1. Faris is a ______________________ boy. ( intelligent )
2. The elephant is ___________________. ( huge )
3. The road is _________________ . ( broad )
4. The room is ___________________. ( empty )
5. Suzana _____________________ the door. ( close )
6. The soldier ____________________ the country. ( guard )
7. The _________________ lives in the castle. ( emperor )
8. The ____________________crept into the room quietly. ( burglar )
9. The questions were _________________ for the students. ( difficult )
10. My sister is ______________________. ( pretty )
87
WH QUESTIONS
Definition: Question words are words that begin questions. They are what, when,
how, whose, whom, who, where, why and which.
WH Questions Example
What is used to ask about - What did you buy at the stall? I bought a candy.
things, people and ideas.

- What is your father? He is a policeman.
- What do you think about the game? It is interesting.
When is used to ask about time. - When were you born? I was born in 1989.
How is used to ask about - How did you come here? I came by car.
people, event, amount, number

- How much is this cake? It is RM10 a piece.
and the way things are done.
Whose is used to ask about - Whose pencil is this? It is mine.
possession of things.
Whom is used to ask about - Whom did you talk to just now? I talked
people ( as object of verbs).

to my wife just now.
Who is used to ask about - Who took my bag? Fitri took it.
people (as subjects)
Where is used to ask about - Where are you now? Im at the office.
places.
Why is used to ask about - Why is the dog barking? It saw something
reason or purpose.
in the bushes.
88
Which is used to ask about - Which one is your son? The boy with a
people, animals and things but

red cap.
of a limited choice.
Exercise 1 Underline the WH-Questions in each of the following sentences.
1. Which one of you boys won the chess tournament last week?
2. Where do you find this beautiful shirt?
3. What are the ingredients in this delicious cake?
4. How much money do you want for this painting of yours?
5. You are always early to school. What time do you wake up every morning?
1. ____________ is that man? He is my headmaster.
A Who C Where
B What D Whom
2. _______________ did you put the book? I put it in my bag.
A Who C Where
B What D Whom
3. _______________ told you the news?
A Who C Where
B What D Whom
89
4. _______________ one of these books do you want to buy?
A Who C Which
B When D Whom
5. ______________ colour is your car?
A Who C Where
B What D Whom
6. _______________ computer is this?
A Who C Which
B Whose D Whom
7. Anas : _______________ did you meet yesterday?
Jamal : I met my former teacher.
A Why C Where
B What D Whom
8. Othman :___________ does she usually go to school?
Liza : She goes there at 7 a.m.
A Why C When
B What D Whom
9. Teacher :_______________ is your father?
Pupil : He is fine now.
A How C Where
B Why D Whom
90
10. _______________ is the lady crying?
A Why C Which
B How D Whom
11. _____________ did you give the umbrella to?
A Where C Whom
B Whose D Which
12. ____________ are the gifts we kept for the children?
A How C When
B Why D Where
13. ____________ have you been doing all day?
A What C How
B Where D When
14. ____________ dress are you wearing to Ayus birthday party?
A Who C Which
B What D Whom
15. ______________ told you the news of the robbery?
A Who C When
B What D Which
16. _________________ is the boy waving to you?
A Why C When
B How D What
91
17. _____________ will the school holidays begin?
A How C When
B Which D Where
18. _____________ pen is that on the table?.
A Whose C Who
B Which D Whom
19. ___________ far is it from here to the hospital?.
A How C Where
B When D Which
20. ____________ often do you go exercising?.
A Which C What
B Where D How
21. Halimah has a cousin. __________ one of those boys is her cousin?
A Who C Whom
B Which D Where
22. This is a branded handbag. __________ did you buy it?
A Who C How
B Why D Where
23. You said that you have an extra class to attend. On __________ time is it?
A why B which
C what D where
92
24. Rohayu : I couldnt find my book. __________ did you put it Siva?
Siva : I put it on your table just now. _________ one is your table?
i Why
ii What
iii Which
iv Where
A i and ii C iii and i
B ii and iv D iv and iii
25. Nadia : __________ do you come here. _____________ are you?
Chua : I am a policeman and I come here to ask you a few questions.
i Why
ii Who
iii What
iv When
B ii and iii D iv and i
93
What Who When Why How
Which Whom Where Whose Whom
1. _____________________ old is your father?
2. _____________________ will the train leave?
3. _____________________ are you so angry?
4. _____________________ have you been?
5. _____________________ shoes are these?
6. _____________________ shall I give the paper to?
7. _____________________ is your pets name?
8. _____________________ motorcycle did you ride just now?
9. _____________________ is that girl running towards Ahmad?
10. _____________________ were you singing the lovely song to?
94
MODALS
Definition: Modals are used to express functions of verbs.
must may could should will
have to might can shall would
Exercise 1 Underline the modals in each of the following sentences.
1. Please teacher, may I go out?
2. Could you pass me the ketchup, please?
3. This might get us into problem, said Zaki trembling.
4. We shall go into the forest together to find the missing boy.
5. If you want to get A in your examination you have to do lots of exercises, said
Puan Murni to her pupils.
95
1. It is raining, so it _______________ be cold outside.
A will C ought
B can D must be
2. He ______________ run 50 kilometres in a single day.
A can C shall
B may D have to
3. You _______________ stop smoking. It is not good for your health.
A will C might
B can D should
4. ________________ I have a piece of that cake please?
A Must C Could
B Shall D Would
5. You _______________ use this book as a guideline. It only has a few important
things in it.
A may C should
B must D have to
6. You_______________ b e early for tomorrows practice. Please be punctual,
said the coach to the team.
A can C may
B will D must
96
7. Ostriches _______________ fly but they __________ run very fast.
A cannot , can C mustnt , must
B may not , may D shouldnt , should
8. We ___________ respect our elders and __________ be rude to them.
A cannot , can C shouldnt , should
B can , cannot D should , shouldnt
9. Anisah _______________ cook very well because she goes to cooking classes.
A should C will
B may D can
10. I _______________ not have the time to play badminton with you today as I am
busy, said Ramesh to Kim Seng.
A can C might
B must D should
11. Teacher : Ramlan, you ____________ not be late for school.
Ramlan : Yes, I know teacher. Im sorry.
A should C will
B could D do
12. My brother _______________ read and write when he was four years old.
A should C shall
B could D can
97
13. Farah : Siti , _______________ I borrow your mobile phone, please?
Siti : Yes, of course. Here you are.
A should C may
B could D will
14. Children ____________ listen to their parents.
A can C could
B may D should
15. You __________ read the instructions carefully before using the fire extinguisher.
A will C may
B can D must
16. The rose _______________ grow bigger if we put enough fertilizer to it.
A will C must
B shall D have to
17. _______________ you mind to wash that dirty plate after using it, please?
A Might C Would
B Could D Should
18. The water level is increasing. We _____________ move to the higher ground. It is
safer there.
A can B shall
C may D might
98
19. The egg _______________ explode if I put it too close to the fire, said the
scout.
A shall C should
B might D ought to
20. The doctor _______________ treat his patient well.
A will C could
B may D ought to
21. We _______________ keep our toys in this big box after we have finished playing
with them, otherwise our mother _______________ be angry at us.
A shall, must C ought to, will
B must, may D should, could
22. The rabbit is starving. We _______________ feed it with some food or it
________________ die of starvation.
A can, will C have to, may
B shall, might D ought to, shall
23. When you put the bait on the fishing hook, you _______________ be careful or
you _______________ hurt yourself.
A must, will C must not, could
B may, shall D have to, should
99
24. If you want to take beautiful pictures of the butterflies, you _______________
stand still or the butterflies _______________ flutter away.
i will
ii shall
iii would
iv should
25. We missed our grandparents. _______________ we visit them this weekend?
They might miss us too.
i Shall
ii Could
iii Might
iv Ought to
A i and ii
B ii and iii
C iii and iv
D iv and i
100
must May Could should Will
have to might Can shall Would
1. ______________ you like to have a drink with us? said the man.
2. The cat ______________ be kept in the cage, otherwise it will eat all the birds.
3. _______________help you to carry this heavy box said Arshad to his mother.
4. I _______________ settle this electric bill earlier. Now I have to work in the dark.
5. We _______________ carry this boat together to the river.
6. You _______________ use my bicycle to go to the park if you want to.
7. This orange juice is sour. You _______________ put some more sugar in it.
8. It ______________ rain this morning. We should bring our umbrellas.
9. _______________ you fetch my son on your way back from work?
10. If you ______________ swim for thirty minutes, Im sure you will win the swimming
event.
101
must May Could should Will
have to might Can shall Would
3. _______________help you to carry this heavy box said Arshad to his mother.
10. If you ______________ swim for thirty minutes, Im sure you will win the swimming
event.
102
14. Ostriches _______________ fly but they __________ run very fast.
A cannot , can C mustnt , must
B may not , may D shouldnt , should
15. We ___________ respect our elders and __________ be rude to them.
A cannot , can C shouldnt , should
B can , cannot D should , shouldnt
16. Anisah _______________ cook very well because she goes to cooking classes.
A should C will
B may D can
17. I _______________ not have the time to play badminton with you today as I am
busy, said Ramesh to Kim Seng.
A can C might
B must D should
11. Teacher : Ramlan, you ____________ not be late for school.
Ramlan : Yes, I know teacher. Im sorry.
A should C will
B could D do
14. My brother _______________ read and write when he was four years old.
A should C shall
B could D can
103
15. Farah : Siti , _______________ I borrow your mobile phone, please?
Siti : Yes, of course. Here you are.
A should C may
B could D will
16. Children ____________ listen to their parents.
A can C could
B may D should
17. You __________ read the instructions carefully before using the fire extinguisher.
A will C may
B can D must
16. The rose _______________ grow bigger if we put enough fertilizer to it.
A will C must
B shall D have to
18. _______________ you mind to wash that dirty plate after using it, please?
A Might C Would
B Could D Should
18. The water level is increasing. We _____________ move to the higher ground. It is
safer there.
A can B shall
C may D might
104
19. The egg _______________ explode if I put it too close to the fire, said the
scout.
A shall C should
B might D ought to
21. The doctor _______________ treat his patient well.
A will C could
B may D ought to
21. We _______________ keep our toys in this big box after we have finished playing
with them, otherwise our mother _______________ be angry at us.
A shall, must C ought to, will
B must, may D should, could
22. The rabbit is starving. We _______________ feed it with some food or it
________________ die of starvation.
A can, will C have to, may
B shall, might D ought to, shall
23. When you put the bait on the fishing hook, you _______________ be careful or
you _______________ hurt yourself.
A must, will C must not, could
B may, shall D have to, should
105
24. If you want to take beautiful pictures of the butterflies, you _______________
stand still or the butterflies _______________ flutter away.
i will
ii shall
iii would
iv should
25. We missed our grandparents. _______________ we visit them this weekend?
They might miss us too.
i Shall
ii Could
iii Might
iv Ought to
106
must may could should will
have to might can shall would
3. _______________ I help you to carry this heavy box said Arshad to his mother.
10. If you ______________ swim for thirty minutes, Im sure you will win the
swimming event.
107
PUNCTUATION
Definition: Punctuation marks are important because they help to make a sentence have
a clearer meaning.
Punctuation marks Notes Examples
.
Use the full stop at the end of a * I live in Penang.
sentence. * Janet is ten years old.
Full stop
Use the full stop for abbreviations * Feb. (February)
(shortened words) * K.L. (Kuala Lumpur)
Use the comma to separate two * When I called him, he ran

words or a series of words in a away.
sentence to make the meaning * Kelly bought a pencil, an
clearer. eraser and a ruler.
* I do not know who she is,
what she wants or why she is
crying.
,
Use the comma to separate parts * My house is at No. 12, Hill
of an address. View Road, Kuantan.
Comma
* She lives at 60, Jalan
Sentosa, Taman Greenview.
Use the comma to set off a name * Hello, Im Paul.

or an expression. * Good morning, Mrs. Lim.
* Krishnan, could you please

close the door?
Use the comma before a * That is Zul, isnt it?

question tag. * They are here, arent
they?
Use the question mark at the end * Who is that man?

of a direct question. * What is your name?
Question
?
mark
108
!
Use the exclamation mark to * Its you!
Exclamation express joy, anger, surprise, * Look out!
warning and other strong
feelings. * Wow! Thats great! You
mark
must be joking.
:
Use the colon to introduce a list * We have to choose : to go
of items. for a holiday or to save up
Colon the money.
* The following pupils were

absent yesterday : Roslan,
Lim, Rina and Sue Ling.
Use the semicolon to replace * She was angry ; she hit me.
conjunctions such as and, but (She was angry so she hit
and so. me.)
* I closed all the windows ; I
Semicolon ; was still afraid. (I closed all

the windows but I was still
afraid.)
Use the semicolon before words * It was a difficult job ;

such as however, then, therefore, therefore, he did not want to
moreover, for example and so on. do it.
* There are many types of

problems ; for example,
personal problems and
financial problems.
Use the apostrophe to show * This is Janes car.

possession. * That is somebodys cat.
* These are the pupils
books.
* Use the apostrophe to show the

letters or figures have been
omitted (taken out).
Apostrophe * The boys are not here. * The boys arent here.
( arent = are not, the o in
not is replaced with an
* I am Aini. apostrophe.)
Im Aini.
( Im = I am, the a in am is
* It was the winter of 1969. replaced with an
apostrophe.)
* It was the winter of 69.

( 69 = 1969, the 19 in 1969
is replaced with an
apostrophe.)
109
* Use quotation marks to show
__
* May I speak to Susan,
the exact words spoken by a please? asked Lina.
speaker. * Jackie said, I am hungry.
* No, said Max.She is not
here.
Quotation
Use quotation marks to show * I have read Snow White.
marks titles of books, stories, poems
__ and others. * Ghani watched Star Wars

last night.
Use the capital letter to begin a * Who are you?

sentence or question.
* My parents are not at
home.
Use the capital letter to proper * My cats name is Bobo.

nouns (special names of people, * I met Safee Sali yesterday.
Capital animals, places, days, things). * Today is Tuesday, 6 March.
* When Rusli was in
letters Langkawi, he visited Makam
Mahsuri.
Use the capital letters for I. * I am Ismail.
* My sister and I like to play

netball.
Exercise 1 Underline the punctuations in each of the following sentences.
1. The man is a popular person.
2. These are the girls handbags.
3. Hurry ! The train is leaving now !
4. Do you know where the Petronas Twin Tower is?
5. Syahida, William and Nazlan went to Teluk Intan yesterday.
110
Exercise 2 Choose the sentence with the correct punctuation.
1. A. These are the girls bags.
B. These are the girls bags.
C. These are the girls bags.
D. These are the girls bags.
2. A. Did you go to the beach yesterday.
B. did you go to the beach yesterday!
C. Did you go to the beach yesterday?
D. did you go to the beach yesterday?
3. A. Tomorrow is a holiday we are going for a picnic.
B. Tomorrow is a holiday! we are going for a picnic.
C. Tomorrow is a holiday. We are going for a picnic.
D. Tomorrow is a holiday We are going for a picnic.
4. A. Amin, go to sleep. Its already 12 oclock.
B. Amin, go to sleep! Its already 12 oclock.
C. Amin, go to sleep, Its already 12 oclock.
D. Amin, go to sleep? Its already 12 oclock.
5. A. The boys like to play on the beach.
B. The boys like to play on the beach.
C. The boys like to play on the beach.
D. The boys, like to play on the beach.
111
6. A. Which, do you prefer chicken rice, or fried rice?
B. Which do you prefer, chicken rice or fried rice!
C. Which do you prefer, chicken rice or fried rice?
D. Which, do you prefer? chicken rice, or fried rice?
7. A. Kamal and Chan are waiting for me, at the bus stop.
B. Kamal, and Chan are waiting for me, at the bus stop.
C. Kamal and Chan, are waiting for me, at the bus stop.
D. Kamal and Chan are waiting for me at the bus stop.
8. A. Ouch! That injection hurts.
B. Ouch? That injection hurts.
C. Ouch. That injection hurts.
D. Ouch, That injection hurts.
9. A. The girl asked may I have fried rice and chicken, please.
B. The girl asked, May I have fried rice and chicken, please.
C. The girl asked may I have fried rice and chicken, please?
D. The girl asked, May I have fried rice and chicken, please?
10. A. Wake up! We are l ate for school, said Alisa.
B. Wake up! We are late for school, Said Alisa.
C. Wake up! we are late for school said Alisa.
D. Wake up! we are late for school! said Alisa.
112
11. A. Hooray we won the game! shouted the boys.
B. Hooray we won the game, shouted the boys.
C. Hooray. We won the game! shouted the boys.
D. Hooray! We won the game, shouted the boys.
12. A. Can you please help me solve this problem?
B. Can you please help me solve this problem.
C. Can you please help me, solve this problem.
D. Can you please help me, solve this problem?
13. A. Mary and Gopal bought some apple juice from the shop.
B. Mary and Gopal bought some Apple Juice from the shop.
C. Mary and Gopal bought some apple juice, from the shop.
D. Mary and Gopal, bought some apple Juice from the shop.
14. A. Peters house is in Jalan Pandan but Alis house is in Jalan Kilat.
B. Peters house is in Jalan Pandan but Alis house is in jalan kilat.
C. Peters house is in Jalan Pandan, but Alis house is in Jalan Kilat.
D. Peters house is in Jalan Pandan but Alis house is in Jalan Kilat.
15. A. Would you like chicken rice, or noodles, Johan! asked Puan Laila.
B. Would you like chicken rice or noodles Johan? asked Puan Laila.
C. Would you like chicken rice or noodles, Johan? asked Puan Laila.
D. Would you like chicken rice or noodles, Johan! asked Puan Laila.
16. A. He saw a Crocodile at the National Zoo on Sunday.
B. He saw, a crocodile at the national zoo on Sunday.
C. He saw a crocodile at the National Zoo on Sunday.
D. He saw a crocodile at the National Zoo on sunday.

113
17. A. The following names will have to see me first : Jackie, Kamal and Maria.
B. The following names will have to see me first ; Jackie, Kamal and Maria.
C. The following names will have to see me first . Jackie, Kamal and Maria.
D. The following names will have to see me first , Jackie, Kamal and Maria.
18. A. It is too cold in this room I have to wear a jacket.
B. It is too cold in this room , I have to wear a jacket.
C. It is too cold in this room . I have to wear a jacket
D. It is too cold in this room ; I have to wear a jacket.
19. A. The teacher asked, Who is absent today?
B. The Teacher asked, Who is absent today?
C. The teacher asked, who is absent today?
D The teacher asked, Who is absent today!
20. A. I like your sister; she is a good friend of mine.
B. i like your sister? she is a good friend of mine.
C. I like your Sister; she is a good friend of mine,
D. I like your sister she is a good friend of mine.
21. A. Lina uses only three colours for this picture : yellow, green and purple.
B. Lina uses only three colours for this picture ,Yellow, Green and Purple.
C. Lina uses only, three colours for this picture . yellow, green and purple.
D. Lina uses only three colours for this picture , yellow, green and purple
22. A. Get out now! The blazing fire is too hot to handle! shouted the fireman.
B. Get out now, The blazing fire is too hot to handle? shouted the fireman.
C. Get out now! The blazing fire is too hot to handle! shouted the fireman.
D. get out now! The blazing fire is too hot to handle! Shouted the fireman.
114
23. A. Help! Help! The dog bit me.
B. Anand and eva are twelve years old. They are friends.
C. When I saw the accident. I phoned the ambulance immediately.
D. My brother bought a few things for me , a cap, a pair of shoes and
stockings.
24. The broom is longer than the feather duster _____ Is it long enough to reach
the kite which is hanging on that tree_____
i .
ii ,
iii ?
iv !
B ii and iv D i and iii
25. _______________ is 421metres high above ground level which was officially
launched in 1996 by _______________.
i Kuala Lumpur Tower
ii Kuala Lumpur tower
iii Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad
iv Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad
A i and iii
B ii and iii
C i and iv
D ii and iv
115
full stop (.) exclamation mark (!) apostrophe ()
comma (,) colon (:) quotation marks (_) (_)
question mark (?) semicolon (;) Capital Letters
1. The capital city of Malaysia is ________________ .
2. My teacher lives at Lot 23, Jalan Anggerik, 26600 Pekan, Pahang _____
3. I need to buy a piece of coloured paper _____ a marker pen and a stapler.
4. Her mother said, _____wash your hand first before you have your lunch.
5. Are you having problems with your bicycle again, Ramesh_____
6. The boys_____ books which were on the table were missing.
7. Encik Zailan woke up late _____ he came late to work.
8. These are the things that I want to sell _____ a watch, a fountain pen and a pair of
leather shoes.
9. Be careful_____ There is a fierce dog heading your way.
10. She wasnt at home___ __ was she?
116

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UPSR

GRRIS Module is organized to give English teachers

There are 5 integrated activities that can be

The activities are:

1 GraD (Grammar in Development)

A systematic method designed for pupils to

2 ReCoME (Reading Comprehension Made

Generate pupils ideas through WH questions.

3 RUSh (Read, Understand, Search)

A useful guide for pupils to find and locate

4 ISi (Idea Supporting idea)

A step-by-step guide to generate main and

5 StraW (Strategic Writing)

Show steps should be taken by pupils

1. ENCIK EMMY JASMIN BIN HJ. OTHMAN

2. TUAN HAJI SUHAIMI BIN IDRIS,

3. ENCIK MOHD ZARIM BIN MISWAN

4. PUAN NORAZIAH BINTI JELANI

5. PUAN SITI MAZURA BINTI SHAIKH MUSTAFA

6. PUAN NOOR BAIDURI BINTI CHE JAFFAR

7. PUAN SUZZANNA BINTI AMIR MOHAMMAD

8. PUAN ROHANA BINTI RAZLAN

9. PUAN MASNI BINTI OTHMAN

10.ENCIK MAZARUL ARIF BIN OSMAN

1 GraD (Grammar in Development)

2 ReCoME (Reading Comprehension Made

3 RUSh (Read, Understand, Search)

5 StraW (Strategic Writing)

1. Words used to describe people:

Tall, short, kind, fair, ugly, fat

2. Words used to describe objects:

Long, black, white, hard, square, soft

3. Words used to describe animals:

Wild, tame, fierce, small, fast, huge

Two Ugly Black guard dogs

Your fabulous New sports car

1- Miss Nina is a kind teacher. All of her pupils love her.

2- Amin drinks a lot of water because he is thirsty.

3- Laili took a photograph of a tall building.

4- The white duck swam in the pond.

5- The clown wore stripped pants and big shoes.

Exercise 2 Circle the correct answer

1. Mrs. Yong is a ____________ woman. She owns five houses.

2. Ahmad is wearing a _______________ shirt.

3. The _____________ girl made her mother very angry.

4. Our school will build a _______________ canteen next year.

5. Suzy had a very ________________ fever.

7. It is going to rain because the sky is ________________.

8. The school field is __________________ because there is no rain.

9. You are such a ________________ boy, Puan Alia said to Bala.

10. Faris listens to his parents. He is polite and ________________.

A soft , long C short , smooth

B sharp , hard D broken , rough

last week was the ___________.

A hot, hotter C hotter, hotter

B hot, hottest D hotter, hottest

13. The movie was so _____________ that Mariam fell asleep

14. Mei Lings handwriting is _______________ and tidy.

16. My grandfather is old but he is still ______________

23. Ramachandran can run because he is so .

22. Come here . We need to go there by bus.