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    Factors Affecting Permeability

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    Mahesh Ramteke
    This document discusses factors that affect soil permeability. It identifies eight key factors: (1) properties of the pore fluid like density and viscosity, (2) size and shape of soil particles, (3) void ratio of the soil, (4) structural arrangement of particles, (5) degree of saturation, (6) adsorbed water, (7) stratification, and (8) temperature. Permeability increases with larger particle sizes, higher void ratios, greater saturation, and higher temperatures. It decreases with smaller particle sizes, lower void ratios, and adsorbed water films around clay particles.

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    Factors Affecting Permeability

    Uploaded by

    Mahesh Ramteke
    419 views4 pages
    This document discusses factors that affect soil permeability. It identifies eight key factors: (1) properties of the pore fluid like density and viscosity, (2) size and shape of soil particles, (3) void ratio of the soil, (4) structural arrangement of particles, (5) degree of saturation, (6) adsorbed water, (7) stratification, and (8) temperature. Permeability increases with larger particle sizes, higher void ratios, greater saturation, and higher temperatures. It decreases with smaller particle sizes, lower void ratios, and adsorbed water films around clay particles.

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    notes for soil

    Original Title

    292635245 Factors Affecting Permeability

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    This document discusses factors that affect soil permeability. It identifies eight key factors: (1) properties of the pore fluid like density and viscosity, (2) size and shape of soil particles, (3) void ratio of the soil, (4) structural arrangement of particles, (5) degree of saturation, (6) adsorbed water, (7) stratification, and (8) temperature. Permeability increases with larger particle sizes, higher void ratios, greater saturation, and higher temperatures. It decreases with smaller particle sizes, lower void ratios, and adsorbed water films around clay particles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    419 views4 pages

    Factors Affecting Permeability

    Uploaded by

    Mahesh Ramteke
    This document discusses factors that affect soil permeability. It identifies eight key factors: (1) properties of the pore fluid like density and viscosity, (2) size and shape of soil particles, (3) void ratio of the soil, (4) structural arrangement of particles, (5) degree of saturation, (6) adsorbed water, (7) stratification, and (8) temperature. Permeability increases with larger particle sizes, higher void ratios, greater saturation, and higher temperatures. It decreases with smaller particle sizes, lower void ratios, and adsorbed water films around clay particles.

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    of 4

    Factors Affecting Permeability:

    Permeability can be obtained from the theoretical equation of Kozeny-Carman


    for flow through porous medium

    Where C = Composite shape factor

    D0= Representative particle size


    e = Void ratio

    w = Density of water,
    n = Viscosity of water

    The factors which affect the permeability are:


    (i) Properties of pore fluid

    (ii) Size and shape of particles

    (iii) Void ratio of soil

    (iv) Structural arrangement of soil particles

    (v) Degree of saturation

    (vi) Adsorbed water

    (viii) Stratification

    (i) Properties of pore fluid:


    From equation 4.3 it is clear that the density and viscosity are the two physical
    properties of pore fluid (or water) which affects the permeability. The
    coefficient of permeability is directly proportional to density of water and
    inversely proportional to its viscosity. The value of density of water does not
    change much with the change in temperature but there is a great variation in
    viscosity. The viscosity decreases with increase in temperature and therefore
    permeability increase with increase in temperature.

    (ii) Size and shape of particles:


    Permeability of soil is directly proportional to the square of the particle size as
    shown in equation 4.3. This is most significant factor affecting permeability of
    soil as they decide the void ratio, size and shape of pores in a soil mass. A
    coarse soil has larger pore sizes and here greater K i.e. coefficient of
    permeability than the fine grained soils.

    (iii) Void ratio of soil:


    The marked influence of void ratio on permeability of soil as shown in the
    equation 4.3 has been experimentally verified.

    K e3 / 1+e
    From the above equation it is clear that K is directly proportional to the void
    ratio i.e. more the void ratio of soil more will be the permeability. A semi-log
    relationship also exists between K and e. A plot of log K (log scale) Vg e
    (linear scale) is approximately a straight line both coarse grained and fine
    grained soil.
    (iv) Structural arrangement of soil particles:
    The structural arrangement of the soil particles vary, at the same void ratio,
    depending upon the method of compaction of soil mass. The permeability of
    disturbed sample may be different from that of the undisturbed sample at the
    same void ratio. The effect of structural disturbance on permeability is much
    pronounced in fine grained soils.

    (v) Degree of saturation:


    The permeability of soil is observed to vary directly with the cube of the
    degree of saturation. Thus the more the saturated soil, more will be the
    permeability. However the pressure of entrapped air in soil pores obstructs the
    flow of water.

    (vi) Adsorbed water:


    Fine particles of clay are surrounded by films of adsorbed water. Forces of
    adsorption and development of diffuse ion-layer around the clay particles
    create immobilized hydrodynamic layers of water, thereby reducing the
    effective pore space available for seepage.

    (vii) Stratification:
    Layered soil posses different permeability characteristics. The permeability of
    the same soil is more when the flow is parallel to the layer than the
    permeability when the flow is perpendicular to the layer.

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