Lab 3-3, OSPFv3

Step 0: Suggested starting configurations.
a. Apply the following configuration to each router along with the appropri
ate hostname. The exec-timeout 0 0 command should only be used in a lab environm
ent.
Router
no ip domain-lookup
line con 0
logging synchronous
exec-timeout 0 0
==========================================
Step 1: Configure the addressing and serial links.
a. Using the topology, configure the IPv4 and IPv6 addresses on the interfa
ces of each router.
R1
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
ipv6 address FE80::1 link-local
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:CAFE:1::1/64
no shutdown
exit
interface Serial1/0
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.252
clock rate 64000
no shutdown
R2
ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
exit
interface Serial1/0
ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.252
no shutdown
exit
interface Serial1/1
ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.252
clock rate 64000
no shutdown
R3
ip address 192.168.5.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
exit
interface Serial1/1
ip address 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.252
no shutdown
exit
interface Serial1/0
ip address 192.168.77.2 255.255.255.0
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:FEED:77::2/64
clock rate 64000
no shutdown
R4
interface Serial1/0
ip address 192.168.77.1 255.255.255.0
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:FEED:77::1/64
no shutdown
exit
interface gigabitethernet 0/0
ip address 192.168.99.1 255.255.255.0
ipv6 address 2001:db8:99:1::1/64
no shutdown
exit
ipv6 unicast-routing
ipv6 route 2001:DB8:CAFE::/48 2001:DB8:FEED:77::2
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.77.2
====================================================================
b. Verify connectivity by pinging across each of the local networks connect
ed to each router.
c. Issue the show ip interface brief and the show ipv6 interface brief comm
and on each router. These commands display a brief listing of the interfaces, th
eir status, and their IP addresses. Router R1 is shown as an example.
R1# show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Prot
ocol
Embedded-Service-Engine0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
GigabitEthernet0/0 192.168.1.1 YES manual up up
GigabitEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/0/0 192.168.2.1 YES manual up up
Serial0/0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
R1# show ipv6 interface brief
Em0/0 [administratively down/down]
unassigned
GigabitEthernet0/0 [up/up]
FE80::1
2001:DB8:CAFE:1::1
GigabitEthernet0/1 [administratively down/down]
unassigned
Serial0/0/0 [up/up]
FE80::1
2001:DB8:CAFE:2::1
Serial0/0/1 [administratively down/down]
unassigned
R1#
=================================================================
Step 2: Configure and verify OSPFv3 address families for IPv4 and IPv6.
OSPFv3 with the addresses family (AF) unifies OSPF configuration for both IPv4 a
nd IPv6. OSPFv3 with address families also combines neighbor tables and the LSD
B under a single OSPF process. OSPFv3 messages are sent over IPv6 and therefore
requires that IPv6 routing is enabled and that the interface has a link-local IP
v6 address. This is the requirement even if only the IPv4 AF is configured.
Note: After configuring the OSPFv3 address families, the show ospfv3 command sho
uld used to verify the OSPF router ID for both the IPv4 and IPv6 AF. If the OSPF
router ID is using a 32-bit value other than the one specified by the router-id
command, you can reset the router ID by using the clear ospfv3 pid process comm
and and re-verify using the command show ospfv3.
a. After enabling IPv6 unicast routing, configure the OSPFv4 IPv4 AF on R3
using the router ospf pid command. The ? is used to see the two address familie
s available.
R3
R3(config)# ipv6 unicast-routing
R3(config)# router ospfv3 1
R3(config-router)# address-family ?
ipv4 Address family
ipv6 Address family
b. Enter the IPv4 address family configuration mode using the command addre
ss-family ipv4 unicast. The ? is used to examine the options in the address-fami
ly configuration mode. Some of the more common configuration commands are high-l
ighted. Use the router-id command to configure the router ID for the IPv4 AF.
R3
address-family ipv4 unicast
R3(config-router-af)# ?
Router Address Family configuration commands:
area OSPF area parameters
authentication Authentication parameters
auto-cost Calculate OSPF interface cost according to bandwidth
bfd BFD configuration commands
compatible Compatibility list
default Set a command to its defaults
default-information Control distribution of default information
default-metric Set metric of redistributed routes
discard-route Enable or disable discard-route installation
distance Define an administrative distance
distribute-list Filter networks in routing updates
event-log Event Logging
exit-address-family Exit from Address Family configuration mode
graceful-restart Graceful-restart options
help Description of the interactive help system
interface-id Source of the interface ID
limit Limit a specific OSPF feature
local-rib-criteria Enable or disable usage of local RIB as route criteria
log-adjacency-changes Log changes in adjacency state
max-lsa Maximum number of non self-generated LSAs to accept
max-metric Set maximum metric
maximum-paths Forward packets over multiple paths
no Negate a command or set its defaults
passive-interface Suppress routing updates on an interface
prefix-suppression Enable prefix suppression
queue-depth Hello/Router process queue depth
redistribute Redistribute information from another routing protocol
router-id router-id for this OSPF process
shutdown Shutdown the router process
snmp Modify snmp parameters
summary-prefix Configure IP address summaries
timers Adjust routing timers
R3(config-router-af)# router-id 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router-af)#
=================================================
c. Use the passive-interface command to configure the G0/0 interface as pas
sive for the IPv4 AF.
R3(config-router-af)# passive-interface gigabitethernet 0/0
=================================================
d. Exit the IPv4 address family configuration mode and enter the IPv6 addre
ss configuration mode. The exit-address-family (or a shorter version of exit) co
mmand is used exit address family configuration mode. Issue the address-family i
pv6 unicast command to enter the IPv6 AF. For the IPv6 AF, use the router-id com
mand to configure the router ID and the passive-interface command to configure G
0/0 as a passive interface. Although it isn t necessary, a different router ID is
being used for the IPv6 AF. The exit command is used to return to global configu
ration mode.
R3
exit-address-family
router-id 3.3.3.6
passive-interface gigabitethernet 0/0
exit-address-family
exit
R3(config)#
=============================================================
e. OSPFv3 is enabled directly on the interfaces for both IPv4 and IPv6 AFs
using the ospfv3 pid [ ipv4 | ipv6 ] area area-id interface command. Use this co
mmand to enable OSPFv3 on both of R3 s interfaces in area 0.
R3
ospfv3 1 ipv4 area 0
exit
interface serial1/1
===================================================================
f. Apply similar commands used on R3 to configure OSPFv3 IPv4 and IPv6 AFs
on R2. Router R2 is an ABR so be sure to configure the proper area ID to each in
terface. The OSPF process ID does not need to match other routers.
R2
router ospfv3 1
router-id 2.2.2.2
exit-address-family
router-id 2.2.2.6
exit-address-family
interface serial 1/1
exit
exit
g. Finally, issue these same type of commands to configure OSPFv3 for the I
Pv4 and IPv6 AFs on R1, an internal router in area 51.
R1
router ospfv3 1
router-id 1.1.1.1
exit-address-family
router-id 1.1.1.6
exit-address-family
exit
exit
===================================================
h. Verify that the routers have OSPFv3 neighbors. First, issue both the sho
w ip ospf neighbors and show ipv6 ospf neighbors command on R2. Notice which rou
ter IDs are displayed in the show ipv6 ospf neighbor output.
R2# show ip ospf neighbor
R2#
R2# show ipv6 ospf neighbor
OSPFv3 Router with ID (2.2.2.6) (Process ID 1)
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Interface ID Interface
3.3.3.6 0 FULL/ - 00:00:39 6 Serial0/0/1
1.1.1.6 0 FULL/ - 00:00:36 6 Serial0/0/0
R2#
Why doesn t the show ip ospf neighbor command display any output?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Why does the show ipv6 ospf neighbor command only display OSPFv3 neighbors in th
e IPv6 AF?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
=======================================================
i. Issue the show ospfv3 neighbor command to verify OSPFv3 neighbor adjacen
cies for both the IPv4 and IPv6 AFs. The output for R2 is displayed.
R2# show ospfv3 neighbor
OSPFv3 1 address-family ipv4 (router-id 2.2.2.2)
3.3.3.3 0 FULL/ - 00:00:30 6 Serial0/0/1
1.1.1.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:34 6 Serial0/0/0
3.3.3.6 0 FULL/ - 00:00:30 6 Serial0/0/1
1.1.1.6 0 FULL/ - 00:00:35 6 Serial0/0/0
R2#
======================================================
d. The IPv4 and IPv6 routing tables can be verified by using the show ip ro
ute and show ipv6 route commands. Each router should see all IPv4 networks and I
Pv6 prefixes in the OSPFv3 routing domain including those with passive interface
s. The output for R3 is shown below.
R3# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
a - application route
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override
Gateway of last resort is not set
O IA 192.168.1.0/24 [110/129] via 192.168.4.1, 00:07:37, Serial0/0/1
192.168.2.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 192.168.2.0 [110/128] via 192.168.4.1, 00:07:37, Serial0/0/1
O 192.168.3.0/24 [110/65] via 192.168.4.1, 00:07:47, Serial0/0/1
192.168.4.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.4.0/30 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
L 192.168.4.2/32 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
C 192.168.5.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L 192.168.5.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
C 192.168.77.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
L 192.168.77.2/32 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
R3#
R3# show ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - default - 10 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, U - Per-user Static route
B - BGP, R - RIP, H - NHRP, I1 - ISIS L1
I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary, D - EIGRP
EX - EIGRP external, ND - ND Default, NDp - ND Prefix, DCE - Destination
NDr - Redirect, O - OSPF Intra, OI - OSPF Inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1
OE2 - OSPF ext 2, ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
a - Application
OI 2001:DB8:CAFE:1::/64 [110/129]
via FE80::2, Serial0/0/1
OI 2001:DB8:CAFE:2::/64 [110/128]
O 2001:DB8:CAFE:3::/64 [110/65]
C 2001:DB8:CAFE:4::/64 [0/0]
via Serial0/0/1, directly connected
L 2001:DB8:CAFE:4::2/128 [0/0]
via Serial0/0/1, receive
C 2001:DB8:CAFE:5::/64 [0/0]
via GigabitEthernet0/0, directly connected
L 2001:DB8:CAFE:5::1/128 [0/0]
via GigabitEthernet0/0, receive
C 2001:DB8:FEED:77::/64 [0/0]
via Serial0/1/0, directly connected
L 2001:DB8:FEED:77::2/128 [0/0]
via Serial0/1/0, receive
L FF00::/8 [0/0]
via Null0, receive
R3#
==============================================
e. Understanding the difference between commands associated with OSPFv2 and
OSPFv3 can seem challenging at times. The show ip route ospfv3 command is used
to view OSPFv3 routes in the IPv4 routing table. The show ipv6 route ospf comman
d is used to view OSPFv3 routes in the IPv6 routing table. The show ipv6 route o
spf command is the same command used in with traditional OSPFv3 for IPv6.
R3# show ip route ospf
R3#
R3# show ip route ospfv3
Gateway of last resort is not set
O IA 192.168.1.0/24 [110/129] via 192.168.4.1, 00:17:13, Serial0/0/1
O IA 192.168.2.0 [110/128] via 192.168.4.1, 00:17:13, Serial0/0/1
O 192.168.3.0/24 [110/65] via 192.168.4.1, 00:17:23, Serial0/0/1
R3#
R3# show ipv6 route ospf
a - Application
OI 2001:DB8:CAFE:1::/64 [110/129]
OI 2001:DB8:CAFE:2::/64 [110/128]
O 2001:DB8:CAFE:3::/64 [110/65]
R3#
Why doesn t the show ip route ospf command display any routes?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
======================================================
f. Configure IPv4 and IPv6 default routes on the ASBR R3 forwarding traffic
to R4. Propagate both default routes into OSPFv3 within the appropriate address
family.
R3
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.77.1
ipv6 route ::/0 2001:db8:feed:77::1
router ospfv3 1
default-information originate
exit-address-family
default-information originate
exit-address-family
end
R3#
=============================================================
g. Issue the show ip route static and show ipv6 route static commands on R3
to verify the static route is in the IPv4 and IPv6 routing tables.
R3# show ip route static
Gateway of last resort is 192.168.77.1 to network 0.0.0.0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.77.1
R3# show ipv6 route static
a - Application
S ::/0 [1/0]
via 2001:DB8:FEED:77::1
R3#
===========================================================
h. Configure IPv4 and IPv6 static routes on the ASBR, R3 for the 192.168.99
.0/24 and 2001:db8:99:1::/64 network on R4. Redistribute the static route into O
SPFv3 IPv4 and IPv6 AFs using the redistribute static command in each address fa
mily configuration mode. The redistribute command is discussed in more detail in
later chapters.
R3
ip route 192.168.99.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.77.1
ipv6 route 2001:db8:99:1::/64 2001:db8:feed:77::1
router ospfv3 1
redistribute static
exit-address-family
redistribute static
end
R3#
==============================================================
i. Issue the show ip route ospfv3 and show ipv6 route ospf commands on R1 t
o verify that the default route and the redistributed static route are being adv
ertised into the OSPFv3 domain.
O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:13:18, Serial0/0/0
O IA 192.168.3.0/24 [110/65] via 192.168.2.2, 00:54:00, Serial0/0/0
O IA 192.168.4.0 [110/128] via 192.168.2.2, 00:54:00, Serial0/0/0
O IA 192.168.5.0/24 [110/129] via 192.168.2.2, 00:54:00, Serial0/0/0
O E2 192.168.99.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.2.2, 00:03:40, Serial0/0/0
R1#
a - Application
OE2 ::/0 [110/1], tag 1
OE2 2001:DB8:99:1::/64 [110/20]
OI 2001:DB8:CAFE:3::/64 [110/65]
OI 2001:DB8:CAFE:4::/64 [110/128]
OI 2001:DB8:CAFE:5::/64 [110/129]
R1#
======================================================================
Step 3: Configure an OSPFv2 stub area.
a. Under the OSPFv3 process for R1 and R2, for both the IPv4 and IPv6 AFs,
configure area 51 as a stub area using the area area stub command. The adjacency
between the two routers might go down during the transition period, but it shou
ld come back up afterwards.
R1
router ospfv3 1
area 51 stub
exit-address-family
area 51 stub
R2
router ospfv3 1
area 51 stub
exit-address-family
area 51 stub
==================================================================
b. Confirm that both R1 and R2 are neighbors for both IPv4 and IPv6 AFs usi
ng the show ospfv3 neighbors command on R2.
R2# show ospfv3 neighbor
3.3.3.3 0 FULL/ - 00:00:34 6 Serial0/0/1
1.1.1.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:32 6 Serial0/0/0
3.3.3.6 0 FULL/ - 00:00:36 6 Serial0/0/1
1.1.1.6 0 FULL/ - 00:00:32 6 Serial0/0/0
R2#
========================================================
c. Issue the show ip route ospfv3 and show ipv6 route ospf commands on R1.
Notice that R1 still has a default route pointing toward R2 but with a different
cost than it had prior to being configured in a stub area. This is not the defa
ult route propagated by the ASBR R1, but the default route injected by the ABR o
f the stub area. R1 also does not receive any external routes, so it no longer h
as the 192.168.99.0/24 or the 2001:DB8:99:1::/64 networks in its IPv4 and IPv6 r
outing tables. Stub routers continue to receive inter-area routes.
O*IA 0.0.0.0/0 [110/65] via 192.168.2.2, 00:07:17, Serial0/0/0
O IA 192.168.3.0/24 [110/65] via 192.168.2.2, 00:07:17, Serial0/0/0
O IA 192.168.4.0 [110/128] via 192.168.2.2, 00:07:17, Serial0/0/0
O IA 192.168.5.0/24 [110/129] via 192.168.2.2, 00:07:17, Serial0/0/0
R1#
a - Application
OI ::/0 [110/65]
OI 2001:DB8:CAFE:3::/64 [110/65]
OI 2001:DB8:CAFE:4::/64 [110/128]
OI 2001:DB8:CAFE:5::/64 [110/129]
R1#
=====================================================
d. View the output of the show ospfv3 command on ABR R2 to see what type ea
ch area is and the number of interfaces in each area. Prior to issuing this comm
and notice the show ip ospf command displays no output. Once again, this command
is for OSPFv2, we are using OSPFv3. The show ip ospfv3 command might seem like
a logical alternative, however it is not a legitimate option. OSPFv3 is a single
process for both IPv4 and IPv6 address families, so the correct command is show
ospfv3. This will display OSPFv3 information for both AFs.
R2# show ip ospf
R2#
R2# show ip ospfv3
^
% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
R2# show ospfv3
OSPFv3 1 address-family ipv4
Router ID 2.2.2.2
Supports NSSA (compatible with RFC 3101)
Event-log enabled, Maximum number of events: 1000, Mode: cyclic
It is an area border router
Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs
Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs
LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
Retransmission limit dc 24 non-dc 24
Number of external LSA 2. Checksum Sum 0x012EE4
Number of areas in this router is 2. 1 normal 1 stub 0 nssa
Graceful restart helper support enabled
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
RFC1583 compatibility enabled
Area BACKBONE(0)
Number of interfaces in this area is 2
SPF algorithm executed 4 times
Number of LSA 9. Checksum Sum 0x03231F
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0
Area 51
It is a stub area
Generates stub default route with cost 1
Number of LSA 10. Checksum Sum 0x03F9E0
Flood list length 0
OSPFv3 1 address-family ipv6
Router ID 2.2.2.6
Supports NSSA (compatible with RFC 3101)
Event-log enabled, Maximum number of events: 1000, Mode: cyclic
It is an area border router
Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs
Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs
LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
Retransmission limit dc 24 non-dc 24
Number of external LSA 2. Checksum Sum 0x00CD5F
Number of areas in this router is 2. 1 normal 1 stub 0 nssa
Graceful restart helper support enabled
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
RFC1583 compatibility enabled
Area BACKBONE(0)
Number of LSA 9. Checksum Sum 0x05479C
Flood list length 0
Area 51
It is a stub area
Generates stub default route with cost 1
Number of LSA 10. Checksum Sum 0x052FC7
Flood list length 0
R2#
===============================================
Step 4: Configure a totally stubby area.

Lab 3-3, OSPFv3

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Step 0: Suggested starting configurations.

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